1、(原創(chuàng)）初中英語(yǔ)1600單詞奇速記憶法（一）單詞是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵，但記憶單詞又是同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的難關(guān)，為了解決學(xué)英語(yǔ)這一難路虎，我們奇速英語(yǔ)全國(guó)名師大聯(lián)盟團(tuán)隊(duì)特級(jí)教師把幾十年教學(xué)中積累的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享出來(lái)，形成一系列速記單詞法，每天推出一講，現(xiàn)通過(guò)蔡章兵總編的騰訊認(rèn)證空間博客全國(guó)首發(fā)。特別提醒版權(quán)所有，如騰訊以外的媒體和個(gè)人摘抄部分內(nèi)容或轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)務(wù)必注明出處（奇速英語(yǔ)/蔡章兵主編QQ空間）。因?yàn)槠邢蓿覀冞x擇一部分單詞進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，希望能起到拋磚引玉作用，并且我們也相信各位師生能通過(guò)我們的例子熟練掌握這種方法了。 第一講 串句奇速記憶法英語(yǔ)是拼音文字，單詞的讀音和都拼寫(xiě)比較復(fù)雜。有的單詞詞形

2、不同但讀音相同，有的單詞詞形相似讀音也相似，還有的單詞有多種不同的詞性和詞義。正因?yàn)槿绱耍鯇W(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)，我們會(huì)感到英語(yǔ)單詞實(shí)在難背難記。同學(xué)們可能有這樣的體會(huì)，在單詞拼寫(xiě)、詞義辨別、用法辨異中，往往就是那些形似詞、音似詞、義似詞“從中作?！?，屢屢出錯(cuò)。本部分的“串句速記法”，將兩個(gè)形似詞、音似詞或義似詞安排在同一句中，旨在引導(dǎo)同學(xué)們通過(guò)誦讀例句，對(duì)比相似詞語(yǔ)的讀音、拼寫(xiě)和詞義，快速而準(zhǔn)確地掌握這些單詞的用法。所給的這些例句，有的幽默有趣，有的朗朗上口，都具有極強(qiáng)的對(duì)比性。 （說(shuō)明，為了考慮到初高中銜接，部分超出1600詞的我們會(huì)用星號(hào)標(biāo)明。）1. trouble的詞性trouble有動(dòng)詞和名詞兩

3、種詞性。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，trouble的意思是“麻煩；打擾；（使）煩惱”；用作名詞時(shí)，trouble主要作為不可數(shù)名詞使用。誦讀下面這個(gè)句子可速記trouble的詞性： 這是個(gè)否定開(kāi)頭的祈使句，第1個(gè)和第4個(gè)trouble都是動(dòng)詞，其中第4個(gè)troubles是單數(shù)第三人稱一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的動(dòng)詞形式；第2和第3個(gè)trouble都是不可數(shù)名詞。請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句：Its too bad of you to desert her in trouble. 你在她困難的時(shí)候拋棄她，真是太差勁了。If I were you, I wouldnt trouble him so much. 如果我是你的話，我是不會(huì)這么麻煩他

4、的?！境脽岽蜩F】指出句中trouble的詞性。1) He always asks his friends for help when he has trouble.2) Be a cheerful man and nothing can trouble you.2. can的詞性和詞義can可以用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意思是“能；會(huì)”，也可以用作名詞，意思是“金屬罐”。另外，can還可以用作行為動(dòng)詞，意思是“裝罐頭；做罐頭”。我們可以誦讀下面這兩個(gè)句子速記它的詞性和詞義： can是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，第二和第三個(gè)can是名詞。 第一個(gè)can是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，第二can是動(dòng)詞，第三個(gè)cant是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的否定式。請(qǐng)?jiān)?/p>

5、比較例句： I have stopped eating from a can. 我已經(jīng)不吃罐頭食品了。 I can manage without you. Thank you all the same. 我自己能對(duì)付。照樣謝謝你?！境脽岽蜩F】指出句中can的詞性。3) Please say something about what you can do to protect the environment.4) My father drinks a can of beer almost every day.26. black與block辨異black和block僅一個(gè)字母之差，但它們的詞性和詞

6、義大不相同。black是形容詞，意思是“黑色的”，block是名詞，意思是“街區(qū)”。請(qǐng)誦讀下面這個(gè)句子辨別它們的詞性和詞義： 請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句： The black horse was waiting for him on the other side of the river. 當(dāng)時(shí)那匹黑馬正在河對(duì)岸等他。You may hold on to the third block, then turn left. 你可以一直往前走，到第三個(gè)街區(qū)后向左拐。【趁熱打鐵】選black或block完成句子。51) A cat that can catch mice is a good cat, whether

7、 it is a _ one or a white one.52) He walked down his _ and found a lot of stores.29. plane與planet辨異 plane的意思是“飛機(jī)”，在后面加個(gè)“t”就成了planet的意思是“行星；星球”。請(qǐng)誦讀下面這個(gè)句子辨別它們的詞義：請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句：Because of the snow, the pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city. 由于大雪，飛行員只得把飛機(jī)降落到另一座城市的一個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)上。Mars is also a planet

8、 that has water on its surface besides the earth. 除地球以外，火星也是一個(gè)存在表層水的行星?！境脽岽蜩F】選plane或planet完成句子。57) It is reported that the scientists has discovered a new _ in space.58) We have to be checked at the airport an hour before our _ took off.60. aunt與ant辨異如果你把“我嬸嬸”寫(xiě)為my ant，那你可就鬧笑話了。aunt的意思是“嬸嬸、阿姨”，而ant的意

9、思是“螞蟻”。請(qǐng)誦讀下面這個(gè)句子辨別它們的詞義： 請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句：I usually go shopping with my aunt. 我通常和我阿姨一起去購(gòu)物。A swimming pool full of water is an ocean to an ant. 灌滿水的游泳池對(duì)螞蟻來(lái)說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)直就是海洋?！境脽岽蜩F】選aunt或ant完成句子。119) She was so weak that she walked as slowly as an _.120) One afternoon an _ of ours came to our house.97. shake與snake辨異shake

10、和snake僅一個(gè)字母之差。有的同學(xué)在書(shū)寫(xiě)shake時(shí)，h的一豎寫(xiě)得很短，殊不知這樣一寫(xiě)shake便變成了snake。shake是動(dòng)詞，意思是“搖動(dòng)、抖動(dòng)、震動(dòng)”，snake是名詞，意思是“蛇”。請(qǐng)誦讀下面這個(gè)句子辨別它們的詞性和詞義： 請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句：We had to shake him for a long while to wake him up. 我們不得不搖晃了他半天才把他叫醒。One day, a blind rabbit and a blind snake met each other. 有一天，一只瞎眼的兔子和一條瞎眼的蛇相遇了?！境脽岽蜩F】選shake或snake完成句子。1

11、93) Soon the _ woke up and gave the farmer a big bite.194) I even forgot that he was waiting to _ hands with me.99. soap與soup辨異soap和soup僅一個(gè)字母之差，讀音聽(tīng)起來(lái)也很相近，在聽(tīng)力題中尤其容易混淆。soap的意思是“肥皂”，soup的意思是“湯”。請(qǐng)誦讀下面這個(gè)句子辨別它們的詞義： 請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句：You should often wash your hands with soap and water. 你應(yīng)該經(jīng)常用肥皂和水清洗雙手。The hungry boy

12、drank up the bowl of soup without a stop. 那個(gè)饑餓的男孩一口氣喝光了那碗湯?！境脽岽蜩F】選soap或soup完成句子。197) No one wants _ in beer , but everyone wants the suds（泡沫）.198) The cook put some more salt into the _ after he tasted it.135. before long與long before辨異 before long的意思是“不久以后”，而long before的意思是“很久以前”。 請(qǐng)誦讀下面這個(gè)句子辨別它們的詞義：

13、請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^例句：Dont worry. He will forget all about the matter before long. 別擔(dān)心，不久以后他就會(huì)把這件事全忘記的。In fact, the decision had been made long before you came here. 實(shí)際上，在你到來(lái)很久之前就已經(jīng)做出這個(gè)決定了?！境脽岽蜩F】選before long或long before完成句子。215) I have been asked this question several times _.216) He was sad no longer because he w

14、ould see his daughter _. 146. some time, sometime, some times與sometimes用法辨異some time, sometime, some times和sometimes有分有合，time后有的有s，有的又沒(méi)有s，特別容易混淆，難以辨別。我們可以用下面的“歌訣”速記它們的詞義： 一、無(wú)s的分開(kāi)表“一段”：分開(kāi)寫(xiě)的some time，其意思是“一段時(shí)間、一些時(shí)間”。請(qǐng)看例句：You should play with your pet for some time every day. 每天你應(yīng)該和你的寵物一起玩一段時(shí)間。I need s

15、ome time to deal with this problem. 我需要一些時(shí)間來(lái)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。二、無(wú)s的合并為“他日”：合在一起的sometime，其意思是“他日、有朝一日、將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)候”。請(qǐng)看例句：You will have to tell us the truth sometime. 你總有一天得把事實(shí)真相告訴我們。I hope I can have another chance to stay with you sometime in the future. 我希望將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)候能有機(jī)會(huì)再一次和大家相聚。三、有s的分開(kāi)表“幾次”：分開(kāi)寫(xiě)的some times，其意思是“幾次”。請(qǐng)看

16、例句：I was praised by our teacher some times. 我有好幾次受到老師的表?yè)P(yáng)。He went home to see his mother for some times a year. 一年當(dāng)中，他回家探望他媽媽好幾次。四、有s的合并為“有時(shí)”：合在一起的sometimes，其意思是“有時(shí)”。請(qǐng)看例句：An earthquake sometimes causes great damage. 地震有時(shí)會(huì)造成重大損失。Sometimes, our English teacher wrote the answers on the blackboard. 有時(shí)候，我

17、們的英語(yǔ)老師把答案寫(xiě)在黑板上?！境脽岽蜩F】根據(jù)每題漢語(yǔ)意思，用some time, sometime, some times, sometimes完成英語(yǔ)句子。 206) 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，那服務(wù)員回來(lái)了，手里拿著一瓶牛奶。After _, the waiter came back with a bottle of milk in her hand.207) 我叔叔已經(jīng)去倫敦好幾次了。My uncle has been to London _.208) 有時(shí)候沉默就是最好的回答。_ silence is the best answer.209) 我希望能在不久的將來(lái)去北京。 I hope to go

18、 to Beijing _ in the future.210) 她休息了一會(huì)兒，又繼續(xù)工作了。 She rested for _ and went on with her work.158. besides, except, except for與except that用法辨異雖然besides, except, except for, except that都表示“除了之外”，然而用法卻不相同，特別容易混淆。我們可以運(yùn)用下面的“歌訣”速記它們的用法區(qū)別： 一、besides屬“A + B”besides表示“除了之外”時(shí)，真正含義是“除了之外，還有”，屬“A+B”關(guān)系，besides前常有

19、other, also等詞。請(qǐng)看例句：Many other workers can do the work well besides her. 除她之外，其他許多工人也能做好這項(xiàng)工作。I also know those five words besides this one. 除了這個(gè)單詞外，我還認(rèn)識(shí)那五個(gè)單詞。二、except屬“整減一”except表示“整體中減去一部分”，屬“AB”關(guān)系，except前通常有all, everyone, every day, everywhere等表示“整體概念”的詞語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看例句：I looked everywhere except in the bedr

20、oom. 除了臥室外，我到處都找遍了。I agree to all your proposals except the last. 我接受你所有的建議，但最后一條除外。三、except for“找瑕疵”except for也表示“除以外”，但指的是對(duì)某種基本情況進(jìn)行具體的細(xì)節(jié)方面的修正。它同except的區(qū)別是：except后接的詞同整體詞（即主語(yǔ)）一般是同類，指在同類的整體中除去一個(gè)部分，而except for后接的詞同句子中的整體詞（即主語(yǔ)）不是同類的，指從整體中除去一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或一個(gè)方面。請(qǐng)看例句：I can answer all the questions except for the l

21、ast one. 除了最后一題外，所有題目我都可以解答。 Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes. 除了幾處語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤外，你的作文寫(xiě)得很好。四、except that“接從句”except that后接的是“句子”，即“except + that從句”，表達(dá)的概念與except for相同。請(qǐng)看例句：The suit fitted him well except that the color was a little brighter. 這套衣服他穿了很合身，只是顏色鮮艷了點(diǎn)。I know nothing about the

22、young lady except that she is from Beijing. 對(duì)于那位年輕女士的情況，除了知道她是來(lái)自北京外，其它的我一概不知?！緶剀疤崾尽?except for與except that有時(shí)可互相轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:（1）Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. =Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.（2）The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.=The village is very quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods. except后也可接when, where, what等從句。例如：I know nothing about the acciden