1、【英語(yǔ)】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詳解+例句一、單項(xiàng)選擇情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ it better.Aneed have doneBmust have doneCcan have doneDmight have done【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：真遺憾??！考慮到他的能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他也許可以做得更好。can have done較少使用此結(jié)構(gòu)，表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑；用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)意為“難道真的做了嗎”，表示懷疑；need have done需要做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做（表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣）；mus

2、t have done一定做了某事（表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測(cè)）；might have done表示對(duì)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的推測(cè)，意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中。故D正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題是高考必考考點(diǎn)，一定要牢記句型意思。must have done過(guò)去肯定做了某事。should have done本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際未做。cant have done過(guò)去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have done 本不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際做了。need have done本有必要做某事而沒(méi)做；neednt have done本沒(méi)有必要做某事；注意沒(méi)有mustnt have done的形式。2Most o

3、f the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, _ that different cultures _ coexist with tolerance.Athe one ; mustBthe one ; shouldCone ; mustDone ; should【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查替代和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：大多數(shù)高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)上表達(dá)了一個(gè)共同的愿望，即不同的文化應(yīng)該與寬容共存。大多數(shù)高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)上表達(dá)了一個(gè)共同的愿望，即不同的文化應(yīng)該與寬容共存。替代表泛指的單數(shù)名詞，通常用one替代。此

4、處用one替代前面的a desire，是同位語(yǔ)；結(jié)合句意第二空用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should“應(yīng)該”。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】that ,it ,one 代指前面的名詞時(shí)的用法1.one 指代前面出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞，是泛指?？梢院凸谠~連用，也可以有自己的定語(yǔ)。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠詞連用時(shí)可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf. 2.It 指代前面提到的單數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于the one。當(dāng)one是泛指的時(shí)候，指的是同名異物，it是指同一物體.如： -Do you want the cup ? -Yes ,I want it. 3.tha

5、t通常用來(lái)代替前面出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞,主要是用來(lái)避免重復(fù)。如： The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.3Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. _ they wait here or outside?AMayBShouldCShallDWill【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查Shall的用法。句意：貝克先生，有些學(xué)生想見(jiàn)你。他們是在這里等還是在外面等?Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】Shall的用法Shall作為助

6、動(dòng)詞，一般用于第一人稱和We，表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。Shall后面接動(dòng)詞原形。例如：（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我將考慮一下此事，然后告訴你我的想法。（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我們?cè)诠珗@里會(huì)玩得很高興的。?？嫉奶厥庥梅?. Shall用于第一人稱，表示征求對(duì)方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?2. Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。如：Shall we begin our le

7、sson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?3. Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。如：You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允諾）He shall be punished. （威脅）4It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshoul

8、d【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：天氣很冷而且地面是濕的，昨晚一定下了雨。根據(jù)上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了”表示對(duì)過(guò)去十分有把握的推測(cè)，故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定的邏輯推測(cè)，推定某件事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能在過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)（存在過(guò)）。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他過(guò)去肯定是一位醫(yī)生，他對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)如此了解。Somebody must have sto

9、len the ring. 肯定有人偷了這枚戒指. 該句所推斷的偷竊動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的溫度肯定降到零度以下，因?yàn)樗純鲎×?。如果“must + have + 過(guò)去分詞”句型與by now連用，還可以表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)的肯定推測(cè)，但實(shí)質(zhì)上還是指所推測(cè)的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。例如：They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now.

10、 他們今晨很早就出發(fā)了，現(xiàn)在肯定已經(jīng)到了。中國(guó)學(xué)生的常見(jiàn)病句是：They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句義是“他們當(dāng)然已經(jīng)到達(dá)了?！保ㄟ@不是對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，而是斷定動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。）5The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.AwillBneedCcanDmust【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)。句意：房間如此干凈，他一定是昨天晚上打掃過(guò)了。must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情有把握的猜測(cè)，意思是“一定（做過(guò)）”，故D項(xiàng)正確。6he law is equ

11、ally applied to everyone. No one _ be above it.AshallBmustCmayDneed【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：法律面前人人平等。沒(méi)有人能凌駕于法律之上。A. shall用于第二、第三人稱，則含有命令、警告、允諾或威脅的語(yǔ)氣。B. must（必須，一定）用于肯定句。C. may（可以，能夠）表允許時(shí)一般不與第三人稱連用。D. need (表示沒(méi)有必要或詢問(wèn)是否有必要) 需要；故選A。7 Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, acciden

12、ts _happen.AshallBshouldCmustDwill【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：媽媽，小雷又弄壞了他的玩具。沒(méi)事的，你看，意外總會(huì)發(fā)生。A. shall將要，會(huì)；B. should應(yīng)當(dāng)；C. must必須；D. will總是。Will可以表示習(xí)慣，意思為“慣于，總是”。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】will/would是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其表達(dá)的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿：決心，愿意，好嗎?We will do our best to save the child. 我們會(huì)盡力搶救這個(gè)孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just

13、 wouldnt listen. 我叫她別哭，可她就是不愿聽(tīng)。注：表示請(qǐng)求、建議或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)時(shí)，用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉轉(zhuǎn)。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open? 請(qǐng)讓門(mén)開(kāi)著好嗎?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去嗎?(2)表示真理或習(xí)慣：慣于，總是。如：Oil will float on water. 油總是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她獨(dú)自在房間里聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，一聽(tīng)往往就是幾小時(shí)。He woul

14、d get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)總是早起。(3)表示要求：一定，必須。如：You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我報(bào)告。(4)表示猜測(cè)：可能，大概。如：This will be the house youre looking for. 這大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能：能。如：This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 這個(gè)禮堂能容納一千人分析句子可知，本句中的will表示習(xí)慣，意思為“慣于，總是”且符合語(yǔ)境。故

15、D選項(xiàng)正確。8The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould theyBthey shouldCdare theyDthey dare【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查部分倒裝和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。on no account意為“決不”，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，排除B、D項(xiàng)；這里表示應(yīng)該，故選A。9Days later, my brother called to say he was all right

16、, but _say where he was.AmustntBshouldntCwouldntDmightnt【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：“數(shù)天后，我弟弟打電話說(shuō)他很好，但不肯告訴我他在哪里。”mustnt“禁止”；shouldnt“不應(yīng)該”；wouldnt“不情愿”；mightnt“不可能”。10It has been announced that all the students _ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.AshallBwillCneedDmay

17、【答案】A【解析】【詳解】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：所有學(xué)生們應(yīng)在去學(xué)校之前帶上口罩以防感染非典病毒，這已經(jīng)被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅，故選A項(xiàng)。11The weather turned out to be fine. I _ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.Ashould have takenBmust have takenCcouldnt have takenDneednt have taken【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done。句意：天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴了。我本不必費(fèi)心

18、把傘帶在身邊。A. should have taken本應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做； B. must have taken對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的肯定猜測(cè)；C. couldnt have taken不可能；D. neednt have taken本來(lái)不需要，故選D。12The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.AmustBcouldCwouldDshall【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：新開(kāi)業(yè)的超市宣布，開(kāi)業(yè)當(dāng)天首先購(gòu)

19、物的人會(huì)得到大獎(jiǎng)。shall 用于二三人稱的陳述句中可以表示說(shuō)話人的承諾，命令，警告等，此處表示超市的承諾，故選D。13_ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?Sorry, I will stop right now.AMayBShallCWillDMust【答案】D【解析】試題分析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 May可以，可能 Shall：用于第一三人稱的疑問(wèn)句，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。用于二三人稱的陳述句表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾、威脅或決心等。用于法律、法規(guī)條文、合同等，按規(guī)定應(yīng)該履行的義務(wù)等。Will 表示

20、請(qǐng)求或建議；表示意愿或表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣D. Must表示“必須”“一定”“偏要”之意。此處must表示“偏要,偏偏”。句意：你偏要在深夜又唱又跳嗎？很抱歉，我會(huì)馬上停止?？键c(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。14Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.AmustBought toCmayDcan【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：已經(jīng)11點(diǎn)了，他半小時(shí)前就該到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)）；B. ought t

21、o have done 本應(yīng)該做的；C. may have done可能已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事；D. can have done本來(lái)可以做的（但沒(méi)有做），根據(jù)題意，故選B。15Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry，sirBut it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cashAshallBneedCwillDcan【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意：我能用支票付賬嗎?對(duì)不起,先生。但這是我們酒店的管理規(guī)定,支付要用現(xiàn)金。shall可以表示命令，警告，強(qiáng)制，或者指規(guī)則和法

22、律要求做的事情。本題正是考察了shall表示按照規(guī)則和法律要求做的事情。故A正確。16According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.AcanBshallCwillDmay【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：根據(jù)最新發(fā)行的關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻服務(wù)的規(guī)章，任何人都不可以使用此類技術(shù)生成、發(fā)行或者傳播虛假消息。A. can 能夠，有時(shí)會(huì)

23、；B. shall 一三人稱表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)； 二三人稱陳述句，表示允諾、威脅、恐嚇或法律條文的規(guī)定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也許，可能。根據(jù)前面的regulation（規(guī)定）可知，本題選shall更加合理。故選B。17We _ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it.AneedntBcantCwontDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們不應(yīng)該把擁有潔凈的飲用水看作是理所當(dāng)然的。也許有一天，我們會(huì)用完它。shouldnt“不應(yīng)該”，符合句意。neednt不

24、必；cant不可能；wont將不。故選D。18I use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.AcouldntBmustntCshouldntDneednt【答案】D【解析】試題分析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千萬(wàn)不能；C不應(yīng)該；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用鬧鐘叫醒我，因?yàn)槊刻煸缟狭c(diǎn)都有一列火車經(jīng)過(guò)我的家旁邊。根據(jù)句意可知我不需要使用鬧鐘。故D正確?？键c(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析19AI will surely be a feature of futur

25、e life, but it _ be used responsibly and in a proper way.AcanBneedCmustDwill【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：人工智能肯定會(huì)成為未來(lái)生活的一個(gè)特征，但必須以負(fù)責(zé)任的方式和適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞绞褂盟?。A. can能夠；B. need需要；C. must必須；D. will將會(huì)。此處為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般用法，結(jié)合句意表示“必須”，故選C。20Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. Th

26、ey _ open.AshantBmustntCwontDwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：-這里又熱又不舒服！你的窗戶怎么還關(guān)著？ -哦，不該責(zé)備我啊。窗戶打不開(kāi)了。shant= shall not意為“不可, 不應(yīng)”；mustnt=must not意為“不要”；wouldnt=would not 意為“不會(huì)，不愿意”。wont=will not意為“不會(huì), 不能”， will在這里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 這個(gè)禮堂能容納一千人。這句話意思是“這扇窗不能打開(kāi)”，故選C項(xiàng)。2

27、1He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt beBcant have finishedCcant beDmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查推測(cè)句。句意：他現(xiàn)在不可能寫(xiě)完了卷子。我十分鐘之前留下他時(shí)，他還沒(méi)有寫(xiě)一個(gè)字。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查對(duì)過(guò)去情況的否定推測(cè)，其表達(dá)為cant have done不可能做某事，故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查推測(cè)句對(duì)過(guò)去情況的肯定推測(cè)是must have done對(duì)過(guò)去情況的

28、否定推測(cè)是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.22- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.-Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself.Aneednt doBshouldnt have doneCmustnt doDneednt

29、have done【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: -凱瑟琳，我已經(jīng)為你打掃了房間。 - - -謝謝。你本不必這么做的。我自己能行。A. neednt do不必做某事；B. shouldnt have done本不應(yīng)該做某事； C. mustnt do禁止做某事；D. neednt have done本不必做某事。由“Thanks. I could manage it myself”可知，neednt have done“ 本不必做某事，而實(shí)際上做了某事”符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)。23According to the latest rule, people _sort househ

30、old garbage into four categories.AcanBshallCmayDneed【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：根據(jù)最新的規(guī)定，人們應(yīng)該把生活垃圾分成四類。A. can能；B. shall應(yīng)該；C. may也許；D. need需要。shall用于第二人稱表示承諾、命令、警告、威脅的口吻，這里是指法令規(guī)定了，因此用shall。故選B。24Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.Thanks, but I think I _ more attention to my stage manners durin

31、g that time.Amust payBshould payCmust have paidDshould have paid【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done。句意：-彼得，你今天的演講很精彩。-謝謝，但我認(rèn)為在那段時(shí)間我應(yīng)該多注意我的舞臺(tái)禮儀。should have done表示本應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做某事。由“but”可知，我那段時(shí)間本應(yīng)該多注意我的舞臺(tái)禮儀，而實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有注意。故選D項(xiàng)。25How long shall we wait here?The first bus set out earlier than usual today and _ be h

32、ere any time, I think.AshouldBmightCcanDmust【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)。句意：我們要在這里等多久？首班車比往常發(fā)車的時(shí)間早了，我推測(cè)可能會(huì)在任意時(shí)間到達(dá)。should 用于表示事實(shí)上的可能性或者推測(cè)，多用于肯定句。故選A。26May you live longer, grandpa!Thank you! Its the favorite wish I _.Ashould have waited forBmust have waited forCmay have waited forDcould have waited for【答案】

33、D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done形式。 句意：爺爺祝您長(zhǎng)壽！謝謝，這是我能夠等待到的最喜歡的愿望。A. should have waited for 本應(yīng)該等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；C. may have waited for可能已經(jīng)等待； D. could have waited for可以已經(jīng)等待的。表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done不僅是高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是高考的重點(diǎn)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done有兩大功能：一是表示推測(cè)；二是表示虛擬。must ha

34、ve done過(guò)去一定做了某事，根據(jù)must的本意即可推敲出意思，比較好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 燈滅了，他們應(yīng)該睡覺(jué)了。should have done本該做某事卻沒(méi)做，should是應(yīng)該，重點(diǎn)記憶最后的結(jié)果是沒(méi)做某事。You should have told her that you loved her.你本應(yīng)該告訴她你愛(ài)她。could have done字面意思是可能已經(jīng)做了某事，也可用作本能做卻沒(méi)做某事，重點(diǎn)記憶最后的結(jié)果是沒(méi)做。You could have reviewed, but you played

35、games all night.你本可以復(fù)習(xí)的，但你一晚上都在玩游戲。may have done也許已經(jīng)做了某事。27I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didnt recognize the voice.Oh, it _ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.Amust have beenBshould have beenCcould have beenDmay have been【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：昨天上午我給你打電話。一個(gè)

36、女孩回答的，但我沒(méi)聽(tīng)出誰(shuí)的聲音。哦，那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房間里。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成式形式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)。A. must have been表示一定做了某事。用于肯定推測(cè)；B. should have been 本應(yīng)該，表示應(yīng)該做而沒(méi)有做某事。C. could have been用于肯定句時(shí)，表示可能做了某事。更常用于否定推測(cè)；D. may have been可能做過(guò)某事。表示可能性很小。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷，表示非?？隙ǖ耐茰y(cè)，故選A。28(2018北京) In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious pr

37、oblems for a company.Aneed BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：在今天的信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)公司造成嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題是客觀上會(huì)發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。C選項(xiàng)正確。其余情態(tài)動(dòng)詞均沒(méi)有該用法。need需要；should應(yīng)該，竟然；must必須，肯定。點(diǎn)睛：can的基本用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能，會(huì)；2. (表示推測(cè))可能，可能會(huì)；3.（表示允許，請(qǐng)求）可以；4.（表示客觀可能性）有時(shí)會(huì)。29Well make the final decision on our scheme