1、狀語從句,專項復習,狀語從句,時間狀語從句 原因狀語從句 地點狀語從句 目的狀語從句 結果狀語從句 條件狀語從句 讓步狀語從句 比較狀語從句 方式狀語從句,狀語從句有九種， 時地原因條狀補， 目比結果方讓步， 連詞引導各不同； 主句通常前面走， 連詞引導緊隨后， 從句若在主前頭， 主從之間有個逗。,While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( ) 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( ) 3. Now that/Since everybody is here,

2、 lets begin our meeting. （ ） 4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( ) 5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( ) 6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( ) 8. The old lady treats

3、 the boy as if he were her own son. ( ),時間,地點,原因,目的,結果,條件,讓步,方式,狀語從句的分類,時間狀語從句,引導詞可分為兩部分,when as while before after until (till) since as soon as,every time next time the first/last time the moment the minute instantly immediately directly(一就),原因狀語從句,because since as for now that considering (that)

4、seeing (that),既然,考慮到鑒于,鑒于由于既然因為,目的狀語從句,where/ wherever,e.g. Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.,地點狀語從句,so that in order that in case for fear that (生怕，以免） lest,讓步狀語從句,）though/ although even if/ even though,（盡管，雖然）,（即便）,though/ although,主句前可用yet,常省略,e.g. Though it sounds strange, yet

5、 it is true.,倒裝句和獨立副詞放句末只能用though,e.g. Strange though it may seem, he remained single all his life. It was hard work. I enjoyed it, though.,(但是不過）,） whoever/no matter who whatever/ no matter what whenever/ no matter when ,e.g. Late as it was, they kept on working. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Muc

6、h as I admire his father, I dont like John. Try as you may, you might fail as well. Borrow the book as you may, you must return it on time.,）as倒裝“雖然盡管”,比較狀語從句,than / as從句中常有成分省略,e.g. The project was completed earlier than (it was) expected. He worked as fast as a skilled worker (worked). Repeat this

7、 as often as (it is ) necessary. Then see a doctor as soon as (it is) possible.,方式狀語從句,as as if/ as though,依照如像,仿佛/就象似的,e.g. There black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished. He kept working as if/ as though nothing had happened.,考點與難點歸納,考點與難點歸納,1、各種從屬連詞的含義及用法

8、 比較； 2、no matter wh- 與 wh-ever 引 導的從句的區(qū)別； 3、狀語從句的時態(tài)問題； 4、狀語從句倒裝及緊縮問題； 5、狀語從句與其它從句的區(qū)別。,考點,難點,1. 時間狀語從句 1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B.

9、until C. whileD. when 3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until 4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. thatD. until 5. (06遼寧) He was about ha

10、lfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,A,D,B,B,C,6. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 7. (04年江蘇) _ I accept that he is not pe

11、rfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless,連接詞while的用法小結,1. while引導的動作必須是持續(xù)性的，側重主句動作和從句動作相對比。如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對比。 3. while可表示盡管，相當于although。,D,A,問題3: 1. (01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you o

12、wed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. whileB. the moment C. suddenlyD. once 2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first timeD. by the first time 3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardl

13、y had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had,B,C,C,小結： 1一些詞，如the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan等也可引導一個時 間狀語從句，相當于as soon as的意思。 I didnt wait a moment, but came immediately you called. 2一些含有time的名詞短語，如every time, e

14、ach time, next time, by the time等，以及the day, the year, the morning等，也可引導一個時間狀語從句。 The day he returned home, his father was already dead. Next time you come, please bring your composition. 3. 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 須用部分倒裝結構。 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.,問題4: 1. (03北京春) Wa

15、s his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 2. (03上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. a

16、fter D. until 3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then,C,D,B,連接詞before的小結： 一、含義 1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 3 Please w

17、rite it down before you forget it. 4Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“才”,“不到就”,“趁”,“還沒來得及”,二Before從句中謂語不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, the train had gone.,三1）句型It will be/was段時間before“還要過多久才” 如：It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It will be/was not一段時間be

18、fore“不多久就” 如： It wasnt two years before he left the country. 3）句型It is段時間since時間的計算一律從since從句的 動作完成或狀態(tài)結束時算起。如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army.,2、條件狀語從句 問題1： 1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to

19、one fifth of mankind. （2000全國） Aas long as BwhileCif Deven though 2、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重慶卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if,C,A,unless 相當于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。這也是高考的熱點之一。復習時也應給予高度重視。,問題2： 1、_ I can see, there is only one possible

20、 way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季） A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全國卷3） Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if,B,A,as long as 與 as far as 都可引導條件狀語從句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而論（而言）”。題1根據題意應該選

21、用B。in case 表示“以防”，根據題2的句意，不難作出選擇。,3、讓步狀語從句 問題1： 1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江蘇） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷） A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though,A,

22、B,while 是高考中的高頻詞，它既可引導時間狀語從句，又可引導并列句，還可引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、盡管”。as though 等于 as if，引導方式狀語從句，表示“好像、似乎”。,問題2： 1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江） A

23、however Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever,A,B,no matter wh- 與 wh-ever 的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別： no matter wh- 只引導讓步狀語從句，此時與 wh-ever通用。 如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引導名詞性從句， No matter wh-不能。如： Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever c

24、an help us will be welcome.,4. 狀語從句的時態(tài)問題 問題1： 1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全國IV） A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季） A. before B. since C. after D. when,在條件，時間和讓步從句中，用一般現在時表示一般將 來時，用現在完成時表

25、將來完成時，用一般過去時表過去將 來時。在 since 引導的時間狀語從句中，動詞一般都用一般 過去時，而主句常用現在完成時。,C,B,5、狀語從句的倒裝問題 問題1： 1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serio

26、us the pollution was. (95 NMET) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,狀語從句的倒裝一般有下面幾種情況： 否定詞開頭； so 加 adj. 開頭； as / though引導的讓步狀語從句。,D,A,Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the tra

27、in left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages。,特別注意：,6、狀語從句與并列句的區(qū)別 問題1： 1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you.

28、(NMET02) A. so B. and C. but D. yet,題1是主從復合句，所以中間不能使用并列連詞 and; or; but; so 等。yet 是副詞，只有 yet 可以與 though 連用。題為 并列句，而“Excuse , but ”為一固定搭配。在復習中要 細心的分析句子結構和成分。,A,C,對比訓練與鞏固,1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3.

29、Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during,對比訓練 ,A,B,A,1. Child _ she is, she knows a lot. 2. He did the experient _ he was told. 3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during B. as C. so D. though E. both B and C,對比訓練 ,E,B,B,1

30、. He would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town. 2. We decide to finish the work on time, _ happens. 3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. 4. Ill give the book to _ likes English. A. whenever B. whoever C. whatever D. however,對比訓練 ,A,C,D,B,對比訓練 ,1. I

31、t will be years _ we meet again. 2. It is ten years _ I came to this town. 3. It is ten years ago _ I came to this town 4.It is 1986_his first novel came out. A. when B. that C. before D. since,C,D,B,A,對比訓練 5,Go and get your coat. It is _ you left it. 2. You are free to go _ you like. A. there B. wh

32、ere C. wherever D. when,B,C,1. The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read it. 2. The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read. A. that B. which C. as D. so that,對比訓練 6,C,A,對比訓練 7,1. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is. 2.

33、 If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. 3. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ difficulty it is. 4. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever,B,C,D,A,名詞性從句,專項復習,Noun Clause: Functions a

34、s a NOUN in a sentence.,Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名詞在句中可以充當什么成分?,名詞性從句 noun clause,主語從句 subject clause,賓語從句 object clause,表語從句 predicative clause,同位語從句 appositive clause,What kind of clauses are they?,What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry. Why sh

35、e did this is still unknown. Its hard to forget what we have learned in his classes. Please dont tell my mother when Ill give her my gift.,Thats why I cant follow you. The problem is that its very hard to catch your words. The fact that he tells lies all the time makes us surprised. There is no doub

36、t that it will rain tomorrow.,Im not sure whether you would like it or not. She felt very surprised that I finished it all by myself. I have no idea where he is. Please tell us the truth how many people were drowned in the flood.,The novel tells that the truth always takes the side of the majority o

37、f people. I cant explain why he behaves like that. How he finished doing that is not important. Where we will go hasnt been decided yet.,名詞性從句考點,名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句.名詞性從句一向是NMET中的重要考點.通過對近幾年高考試題的分析,我們可以看出NMET名詞性從句考點主要有以下六個方面: 考點之一:考查名詞性從句中that與what的區(qū)別 考例: _ we cant get seems better than _ we

38、 have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 分析: 在名詞性從句中that與what的區(qū)別是:that在名詞性從句中不作句子成分,只起連接作用;而what在名詞性從句中不僅起連接作用,而且作句子成分.句子的意思是:我們不能得到的似乎比我們已經擁有的要好.此題考查了兩個名詞性從句:主語從句和賓語從句,what在這兩個名詞性從句中都作賓語.,考點之二:考查名詞性從句中的it作形式主語或形式賓語 考例1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internat

39、ional language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 分析:在這種名詞性從句中為了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行詞it作形式主語或形式賓語,而把真正的主語或賓語放到后面,尤其是that引導的主語從句往往用先行詞it作形式主語.此句也可以改寫為:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. 考例2: I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them 分析:此

40、題考查的是用先行詞it作形式賓語,而把真正的賓語從句放到后面.其他幾個詞均不能作形式賓語.,考點之三:考查名詞性從句的語序 考例:The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,分析:在名詞性從句中,除了關聯(lián)詞要提到句首之外,一律要用陳述句語序。當關聯(lián)詞含疑問意義時,有的學生就會受習慣影響錯誤地使用疑問句語序。克服這種

41、錯誤的關鍵是要找準從句中的主語和謂語。本題句子的意思是:這些照片會告訴你我們村子是什么樣。本題中根據引導詞what要作介詞like的賓語,而副詞how不能作介詞like的賓語,所以首先排除C、D,而A項是疑問句語序,故只能選B。,考點之四:考查名詞性從句中的whether, if以及that的區(qū)別 考例1: _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 分析:句子的意思是:我們明天是否去野營要視天氣而定. whether與if當是否講時的區(qū)別是:在引導賓語從句時兩者可以互

42、換,但在引導主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句以及介詞后面的賓語從句或后面緊跟or not時通常只能用whether,而不能用if. 考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 分析:本題句子的意思是:醫(yī)生真正懷疑的是我母親是否能很快從重病中恢復過來.whether引導的是表語從句.,考例3: It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.

43、 A. while B. that C. if D. for 分析:本題句子的意思是:頭發(fā)變白使她有點兒不安。It作形式主語,that引導的是主語從句。whether, if以及that引導的名詞性從句的區(qū)別是:whether與if(當是否講時)引導的名詞性從句含有疑問意義;而that引導的名詞性從句不含有疑問意義。,考點之五:考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句及其與no matter+疑問詞引導的從句的區(qū)別 考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however

44、B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 分析:本題句子的意思是:一般認為孩子要什么就給什么是不明智的.whatever引導的是賓語從句,A. however 和D. whenever是不能作賓語的;而C. whichever表示無論哪一個、無論哪些,表示在一定范圍內的人或事物,此處并不涉及一定范圍內的人或事物,所以也不能選.,考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 分析:本題句

45、子的意思是:薩拉希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友.疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導的從句的區(qū)別是:前者既可以引導名詞性從句也可以引導讓步狀語從句;后者只能引導讓步狀語從句.首先排除D.而選A. anyone則應在其后加who.從句中需要的是主語,所以whomever也不行.,考點之六:考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 考例:It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master

46、 分析:本題選B.句子的意思是:大學生至少應該掌握一門外語。It is necessary-that 用should的虛擬語氣. (1) 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣(should) +do,常用的句型有:I. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. II. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that. III. It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that.如:

47、It is strange that she (should) think so.,(2) 表示建議、請求、命令、要求、堅持等及物動詞后面的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣,常用的這類動詞有suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. (3) 主語是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表示建議、請求、要求、決定等意思的詞時,表語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣(should) +do

48、。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question.,(4) 表示建議、請求、命令、要求、決定等意思的名詞后面的同位語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣(should)+do。如: They received orders that the work(should)be done at once.,名詞性從句 典型錯誤例析,1. As is known to all that paper was first invented in China. 析：that引導的從句是主語從句，用it作

49、形式主語時，應把as改為it，或者原句改為定語從句：As is known to all, paper was first invented in China. 2. All the students went to see what the matter was with her. 析：應把what the matter was改為what was the matter。what was the matter (with)和what was wrong (with)作賓語從句時語序不變。 3. We dont doubt whether he can do a good job. 析：當謂語

50、動詞是doubt時，應用whether/if引導賓語從句，而do not doubt (= believe) 和疑問句中的doubt用that引導賓語從句，應把whether改為that。,4. Are the shoes that you bought yesterday? 析：應把that改為what。that可用于名詞性從句，但在從句中只能起連接作用，不充當任何成分。此句中的what引導表語從句，并在從句中作bought的賓語，相當于the things which。 5. The reason why I like the dictionary is because it is use

51、ful for my work. 析：The reason作主語，why引導定語從句，后面的表語從句習慣用that引導，應把because改為that。,6. This surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. 析：應把this改為it。it作形式主語，引導主語從句，而真正的主語是that引導的從句。 7. The question is if the film is worth seeing. 析：whether可以引導表語從句，而if不能用來引導表語從句，應把if改為whether。 8. The ne

52、ws came which our football team won. 析：應把which改為that。同位語從句只能用that來引導，不能用which來引導。,9. Where did they hold the important meeting is unknown to us all. 析：名詞性從句要用陳述句語序，主語從句Where did they hold the important meeting應改為Where they held the important meeting。 10. If the sports meet will be held depends on th

53、e weather. 析：應把If改為Whether。whether引導主語從句，if不能引導主語從句。 11. Who knows the truth will tell you about it. 析：應把Who改為Whoever。whoever相當于anyone who。,12. It depends on if he has enough money. 析：介詞后的賓語從句用whether引導，而不用if引導，應把if改為whether。 13. Students do not study hard is not a good thing. 析：Students前加That。that在

54、引導賓語從句時可以省略，但引導其他名詞性從句（主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）時不能省略。 14. They want to make it clear to the public they do an important job. 析：當用it作形式賓語時，that不能省略，應在they之前加that。,定語從句,專項復習,1. (2006) 北京.第31題 Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont . A.

55、who; / B. /;who C. who; who D. /; / 2. (2006)天津卷 .第12題The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. how D. as,C,D,Step1. Lead-in,3. (2006)重慶卷 .第34 題I saw a woman running towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in

56、 the direction _ she had come . A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which4. (2006)湖南卷 .第30題We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _ we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C with whom D. with which,D,B,5.(2006)江西卷 .第33 題-Do you have

57、anything to say for yourself? -Yes. Theres one point _ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. / 6. (2006)遼寧卷.第25 題 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school, most _ were from Germany. A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom,D,D,7. (2006)福建卷 .第22題Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that8. (2006)浙江卷 .第13題I was given th