本科生畢業(yè)論文姓名：學(xué)號：學(xué)院：專業(yè)：機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化論文題目：2噸液壓挖掘機(jī)的挖掘機(jī)構(gòu)專題：指導(dǎo)教師：職稱：摘要本次設(shè)計(jì)的題目是履帶式液壓挖掘機(jī)挖掘機(jī)構(gòu)。與其它類型的挖掘機(jī)相比，這種類型的挖掘機(jī)因有良好通過性能應(yīng)用最廣，對松軟地面或沼澤地帶還可采用加寬、加長以及浮式履帶來降低接地比壓。液壓挖掘機(jī)的主要特點(diǎn)為：能無級調(diào)速且調(diào)速范圍大，能得到較低的穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速，快速作用時(shí)，液壓元件產(chǎn)生的運(yùn)動(dòng)慣性小，加速性能好，并可作高速反轉(zhuǎn)，傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn)，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，可吸收沖擊和振動(dòng)，操縱省力，易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化控制，易于實(shí)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、系列化、通用化。本次設(shè)計(jì)的主要參數(shù)是斗容量0.2m3,它屬于中小型液壓挖掘機(jī)，主要設(shè)計(jì)挖掘機(jī)的工作裝置、液壓傳動(dòng)原理。在設(shè)計(jì)中，采用了履帶式行走裝置，來滿足要求。上部轉(zhuǎn)臺是全回轉(zhuǎn)式，因此它可在一個(gè)更大的范圍內(nèi)工作。又因采用液壓傳動(dòng)控制而使整機(jī)性能得以改善。與機(jī)械式挖掘機(jī)相比，其挖掘力提高到23倍，整機(jī)質(zhì)量約為5噸，挖掘力約為30kN，最大卸載高度約為2.65m，最大挖掘深度4.2m，最大挖掘半徑約為5.728m，從中可以看出整機(jī)作業(yè)能力有了很大的改進(jìn)，不僅挖掘力大，且機(jī)器重量輕，傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn)，作業(yè)效率高，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。另外，還對挖掘機(jī)的工作裝置提出基于結(jié)構(gòu)推理的機(jī)構(gòu)方案創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)方法。關(guān)鍵詞：液壓挖掘機(jī)；挖掘機(jī)構(gòu)；液壓系統(tǒng)ABSTRACTThisdesignedtopicisthemarchinghydraulicexcavatorexcavationalorganization.Comparedwithothertypesexcavators,thiskindoftypeexcavatorusedveryuniversalthatbecausehasgoodthroughtheperformance,alsomayusetolengthenswidensaswellasthefloatingtypecaterpillarbandtoreducepressureforthesoftgroundorthebogregion.Thehydraulicexcavatormaincharacteristicis:notonlycanadjuststhesteplessspeedbutalsocanadjustscopeverybig,canobtainalowerstablerotationalspeed,whenactionquickly,thehydraulicpartsproduceinertiasmall,accelerationaltheperformancegood,andmaymakethehighspeedreverse,thetransmissionsteady,structuresimple,mayabsorbattacksandvibrates,theoperationreduceseffort,andtobeeasytorealizetheautomatedcontrol,iseasytorealizethestandardization,theseriation,theuniversalization.Thisdesignedmainparameterisscoopcapacity0.2m3,itislongtothemiddleandsmallscalehydraulicexcavator,mainlydesigntheexcavator，stheworkinstallmentandthehydraulictransmissionprinciple.Inthedesign,usedmarchingwalkedtheinstallmenttosatisfiedrequest.Upsidetheturnplateistheentirerotation,thereofitmayworkinagreaterscope.Andfurtherbecauseusesthehydraulicsteeringtoenabletheentiremachineperformancetoimprove.Comparedwiththemechanicaltypeexcavator,itsexcavationstrengthenhanceto23times,theentiremachineweightapproximatelyis5tons,theexcavationstrengthapproximatelyis30kN,thebiggestunloadinghighapproximatelyis2.65m,biggestdiggingdepthis4.2m,thebiggestexcavationradiusapproximatelyis5.728m,thuscanseetheentiremachineworkabilitytohavetheverybigimprovement,notonlyexcavationstrengthbig,butalsomachineweightlight,transmissionsteadyly,workefficiencyishigh,thestructureiscompact.Moreover,butalsoproposestotheexcavatorworkinstallmentbasedonthestructureinferenceorganizationplaninnovationdesignmethod.Keyword：Hydraulicexcavator；Excavationorganization；Hydraulicsystem目錄1緒論.11.1液壓挖掘機(jī)的工作特點(diǎn)和基本類型.21.1.1液壓挖掘機(jī)的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn).21.1.2液壓挖掘機(jī)的基本類型及主要特點(diǎn).31.2液壓挖掘機(jī)的發(fā)展概況.41.2.1國外液壓挖掘機(jī)目前水平及發(fā)展趨勢.41.2.2國內(nèi)液壓挖掘機(jī)的發(fā)展概況.41.3本次設(shè)計(jì)概述.51.4反鏟裝置的工作原理.51.5本次設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù).62總體設(shè)計(jì)方案.72.1工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)方案原則.72.2液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案原則（總體）.72.2.1單斗液壓挖掘機(jī)作業(yè)過程.82.2.2對液壓系統(tǒng)作業(yè)動(dòng)作要求.82.2.3對液壓系統(tǒng)基本的要求.83挖掘機(jī)的工作裝置設(shè)計(jì).103.1確定動(dòng)臂、斗桿、鏟斗的結(jié)構(gòu)形式.103.1.1確定動(dòng)臂的結(jié)構(gòu)形式.103.1.2確定斗桿的