本本科畢業(yè)論文本科畢業(yè)生論文TheCulturalDifferencesBetweenEastandWestonDragon論東西方龍的文化差異院系：人文社會科學(xué)系專業(yè)：英語學(xué)生姓名：學(xué)號：指導(dǎo)教師：2008年6月本本科畢業(yè)論文IContentsAcknowledgements.IAbstract.II摘要.III1Introduction.12TheCulturesintheEastandWestonDragon.52.1TheCulturesintheEastonDragon.52.1.1ChineseDragon.52.1.2ChineseDragoninPopularCulture.62.2TheCulturesintheWestonDragon.92.2.1DragonintheWesternCulture.92.2.2TheBible.103TheCulturalDifferencesBetweentheEastandWestonDragon.113.1TheContrastabouttheOriginofDragon.123.2TheContrastabouttheHistoryofDragon.143.3TheContrastaboutlegendsontheDragon.163.3.1LegendoftheYellowEmperor.163.3.2LegendoftheCarp.163.4MentionsoftheCulturalDifferencesonDragonsintheBible.174TheReasonsfortheCulturalDifferences.225Conclusion.25References.27本本科畢業(yè)論文IIAcknowledgementsIwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetomysupervisorMrZhouChangjunwhohasadvisedandencouragedmeduringthewholeprocessofwritingthepaper,showinggreatpatienceandinsight.Withoutherguidancethethesiswouldbesimplyimpossible.Likewise,mysincerethanksshouldbealsogiventotheteacherswhohaveinstructedmycoursesandwhohaveofferedmegreathelpduringmystudyinWanfangInstituteofScienceandTechnology,HenanPolytechnicUniversity.TheyareLiAiqin,PangMixiang,YanLige,HuoHongtao,LiMingxin,LiDongfeng,ZhuBaofeng,YangGuoqi,andChangJianruo.Iwouldalsoliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomyfriendsfortheirkindhelp.Theyaremybrothersforever.Lastbustnotleast,heartythanksshouldbeconveyedtoalltheauthorsfromwhomIhavecitedinthisthesis.Myheartfeltthanksalsogotomyparentsfortheirgreatloveandearnestconcernforme.本本科畢業(yè)論文IIIAbstractTherearemanyculturaldifferencesbetweenEastandWest,andthedragonculturaldifferencesareoneofthem.Easternpeoplethinkthatthedragonisholyandmascot,butWesternpeoplethinkthatthedragonisevilornotgoodcreature,sothedifferencesviewsoftenmakeourcommunicationinthestateoftensionifwedonotknowsomethingaboutthem.InthisthesisIwilltalkabouttheEastdragonandtheWestdragon.AtlastIwillcontrastthedifferencesaboutit.Iwillquotesomeage-oldlegendetotalkthedragonhowtocomeintobeingpeoplesmind,andaffectpeoplesaction.Wecannotdenyanyofthecultures.Everynationhasitsowncharacteristicsanditsmainlythroughitsculturethatwefirstbegintoknowthenationanditscharacteristics.Sowecannotsaythatthiscultureorcustomisrightandthatiswrong.Equalrespectshouldbeattachedtoeverycultureintheworld,eventothosethatarenotinexistenceanymore.Weshouldgettolearnhowtocoordinatethedifferentcultures.Wesaytheworldisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.Moreforeignerscomeandgoeveryday.Whenitisinthesamecountry,thesamecity,thesameneighborhood,theculturalcollisionisexpectedtobemoreserious.Soweshouldtrytoavoidthishappening.Oneimportantthingistogetsomebasicknowledgeabouttheotherculturessoasnottomisunderstandsomeactionsorhabitsoftheforeigners.Keywords:dragon；Beolwulf；TheBible；rian；Chinesenewyear；imperialauthority.本本科畢業(yè)論文IV中西方龍的文化差異摘要東方和西方國家存在著很多文化的差異，然而龍的文化差異只是其中的一種差異，東方人認(rèn)為龍是神圣不可褻瀆的，然而在西方的文化中龍卻又扮演著另外一個角色，西方有的人認(rèn)為龍是不好的是邪惡的，是有魔法的，如果我們不清楚這種文化差異，在我們同西方的客人交談之中會產(chǎn)生各種各樣的問題。在本文當(dāng)中我涉及到了東西方龍的文化知識并進(jìn)行了對比，同時引用一些古老的傳說來說明文化在人們大腦中是如何形成的，如何來影響人們的行為。我們不能去否認(rèn)任何文化，每一種文化都有自己的特點，文化本身沒有對錯好壞之分，我們能做的就是尊重彼此之間的文化。我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)如何合作面對不同的文化差異，我們說現(xiàn)在世界越來越小了，許多外國人來往穿梭于每一天。當(dāng)我們生活在同一個國家，同一個城市，甚至鄰居，文化沖突就是一個很嚴(yán)重的問題了。唯一的辦法就是我們要學(xué)習(xí)一些其他文化的知識，這樣不至于造成誤解和不理解外國人的行為和習(xí)慣。關(guān)鍵詞：龍；貝奧武甫；圣經(jīng)；雨水；中國新年；皇權(quán)。本科畢業(yè)論文11IntroductionTheC-shapedjadedragonofHongshanCultureisconsideredtheprototypeofChinesedragon.TheoriginofChinesedragonisnotcertain,butmanyscholarsagreethatitoriginatedfromtotemsofdifferenttribesinChina.Somehavesuggestedthatitcomesfromastylizeddepictionofexistinganimals,suchassnakes,fish,orcrocodiles.Forexample,theBanpositeoftheYangshaocultureinShanxifeaturedanelongated,snake-likefishmotif.tobethelocationoftheDragonGate.Thislegendisusedasanallegoryforthedriveandeffortneededtoovercomeobstaclesandachievesuccess.Jade-carveddragongarmentornamentfromtheWarringStatesperiod(403BC-221BC).Analternativeview,advocatedbyHeXin,isthattheearlydragondepictedaspeciesofcrocodile.Specifically,Crocodylusporosus,anancient,giantcrocodile.Thecrocodileisknowntobeabletoaccuratelysensechangesinairpressure,andbeabletosensecomingrain.Thismayhavebeentheoriginofthedragonsmythicalattributesincontrollingtheweather,especiallytherain.Inaddition,thereisevidenceofcrocodileworshipinancientBabylonian,Indian,andMayancivilizations.Theassociationwiththecrocodileisalsosupportedbytheviewinancienttimesthatlargecrocodilesareavarietyofdragon.Forexample,intheStoryofZhouChu,aboutthelifeofaJinDynastywarrior,heissaidtohavekilleda“dragon”thatinfestedthewatersofhishomevillage,whichappearstohavebeenacrocodile.本科畢業(yè)論文2Othershaveproposedthatitsshapeisthemergeroftotemsofvarioustribesastheresultofthemergeroftribes.ThecoiledsnakeordragonformplayedanimportantroleinearlyChineseculture.LegendaryfigureslikeNwa,Fuxiarepictedashavingsnakebodies.SomescholarsreportthatthefirstlegendaryEmperorofChinaHuangDi(YellowEmperor)usedasnakeforhiscoatofarms.Everytimeheconqueredanothertribe,heincorporatedhisdefeatedenemysemblemintohisown.Thatexplainswhythedragonappearstohavefeaturesofvariousanimals.“Coileddragon”formshavebeenattributedtotheHongshanculture.WhytheHongshanpeoples“coiled”theirdragonmotifswhileotherculturesdidnot?Possiblythesleepingdinosaurfossilmayofferasuggestion,becauseitwasdiscoveredwithinthesameprovince,Liaoning.PerhapsHongshanpeoplesfoundadditional“sleepingdinosaur”fossils.ThereisnodirectconnectionbetweentheEastdragonandtheWesterndragon.InEuropeanfolklore,adragonisaserpentinelegendarycreature.TheLatinworddraco,asinconstellationDraco,comesdirectlyfromGreek,(drkn,gazer).ThewordfordragoninGermanicmythologyanditsdescendantsisworm(OldEnglish:wyrm,OldHighGerman:wurm,OldNorse:ormr),meaningsnakeorserpent.InOldEnglishwyrmmeans“serpent”,dracamean