WelcomeBack!,CourseofTranslating孟宇,ScoreArrangements,Absence:2pointslosteachtime,NewsReportGuidance,Everyoneofyouarerequiredtogiveoneverywell-preparedNewsReport(50100words)withassistanceofPPT.2msperperson4personspertimeinturn,Steps:1.Readthenewstwiceloudlyandclearly;2.Showtheaudiencethescript(原文)withexplanationofdifficultexpressions;3.Lettheaudiencetranslatethenews;4.Offeryouroriginaltranslation.,WhyThisActivity?,1.Besensitivetowhatishappeningsurroundingus;2.Improvetheabilityofsummingup;3.Practiceyourtranslatinginreality.,Remembering,1.Attitudedecideseverything.2.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.3.Noonecandoanything;buteveryonecandosomething.Whetheryoulikeitornot,whenyouhavetoacceptit,acceptitwithapositiveattitudeandinanactivemood.,ChapterOne,BasicsofTranslation,CheckingYourself!1.Ifyouthinkheisagoodman,thinkagain.如果你認(rèn)為他是好人，那你就大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)了。2.Ifmymotherhadknownofitshedhavediedasecondtime.要是我媽媽知道了，她會(huì)從棺材里爬起來。3.Thattookhisbreathaway.他大驚失色。4.Theelevatorgirlreadsbetweenpassengers.開電梯的姑娘在沒有乘客時(shí)看書。5.Imustnotstayhereanddonothing.我不能什么都不做待在這兒。,6.Iwontdoittosavemylife.我死也不會(huì)做。7.Nonsense,Idontthinkhispaintingisanybetterthanyours.胡說，我認(rèn)為他的畫比你好不到哪去。8.Workonceandworktwice.一次得手，再次不愁。9.Mygrandfatherisnearly90andinhissecondchildhood.我祖父快90歲了，什么事都需要?jiǎng)e人來做。10.Shegavemeablacklook.她狠狠地瞪了我一眼。,CheckingYourself!Itwasacoldwinterday.這是一個(gè)寒冷的冬天。這是寒冬的一天。這是冬天的寒冷的一天。冬天，一個(gè)寒冷的日子。這是一個(gè)寒冷的冬日。,CheckingYourself!“一陣秋雨一陣寒”1)Withoneafteranotherfallofautumnrain,itsgettingcolder.2)Witheachfallofautumnrain，itsgettingcolder.E.g.1.你已經(jīng)干了一陣子，該好好休息了。2.一陣風(fēng)刮掉了我的帽子。3.當(dāng)這位民族英雄出現(xiàn)在大廳時(shí)，響起了一陣暴風(fēng)雨般的歡呼聲，持續(xù)了幾分鐘。4.他的幽默引起我們一陣大笑。,1.你已經(jīng)干了一陣子，該好好休息了?！耙魂嚒背洚?dāng)副詞，放在動(dòng)詞后面，修飾動(dòng)詞，表示該動(dòng)作持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。也可以說“一陣子”。英語用forsometime表示。Asyouhaveworkedforsometime,youdeserveagoodrest.2.一陣風(fēng)刮掉了我的帽子?！耙魂嚒笨梢猿洚?dāng)氣象名詞的數(shù)量詞。Agustofwindblewmyhatoff.,3.當(dāng)這位民族英雄出現(xiàn)在大廳時(shí)，響起了一陣暴風(fēng)雨般的歡呼聲，持續(xù)了幾分鐘?！耙魂嚒笨梢猿洚?dāng)某種動(dòng)作的數(shù)量詞。Whenthenationalheroappearedinthehall,therewasastormofcheeringthatlastedforminutes.4.他的幽默引起我們一陣大笑。“一陣”還可以充當(dāng)某種情感的數(shù)量詞。Hishumormadeusbreakoutinafitoflaughter.,大學(xué)英語課程教學(xué)要求,能借助詞典翻譯英語國(guó)家報(bào)刊上有一定難度的科普、文化、評(píng)論等文章，能翻譯反映中國(guó)國(guó)情或文化的介紹性文章。英漢譯速為每小時(shí)400英語單詞，漢英譯速為每小時(shí)350個(gè)漢字，譯文內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確，基本無誤譯現(xiàn)象，文字通順、達(dá)意，語言錯(cuò)誤較少。,Tolearnsomefundamentaltranslationtheories;Togetfamiliarwithsometechniquesoftenusedintranslation;Todeveloptheabilitytotranslate.,Whatcanthiscoursehelpyou?,2.Basicsoftranslation,Whatistranslation?1.翻譯，即把一種語言文字的意義用另一種語言文字表達(dá)出來（也指方言與民族共同語、方言與方言，古代語與現(xiàn)代語之間一種用另一種表達(dá)）現(xiàn)代漢語詞典2.把已說出的話或?qū)懗龅脑挼囊馑加昧硪环N語言表達(dá)出來。中國(guó)大百科全書語言文字卷3.翻譯就是轉(zhuǎn)換承載信息的語言，把一種語言承載的信息用另一種語言表達(dá)出來。(王德春)4.翻譯是譯者將一種語言文字所蘊(yùn)含的意思用另一種語言文字表述出來的文化活動(dòng)。(王克非)5.翻譯是以符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為手段、意義再生產(chǎn)為任務(wù)的一項(xiàng)跨文化的交際活動(dòng)。（許均）,Whatistranslation?Translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguagemessage,firstintermsofmeaning,andsecondintermsofstyle.-EugeneNida所謂翻譯，是指從語義到風(fēng)格在譯語中用最切近而又最自然的對(duì)等語再現(xiàn)原語的信息。-尤金奈達(dá),Perspectivesontranslation,2.Basicsoftranslation,Thefeaturesoftranslating:1.translatingisabiculturalactivity2.translatingfollowssomeprinciples3.translatingisancreativeprocess4.translatinghasspecificpurposes,HistoryofTranslationinChina,TheEasternHanDynasty-TheSongDynasty,Buddhism,XuanZang玄奘Kumarajiva鳩摩羅什Paramartha真諦,TheMingDynastyandTheTsingDynasty,XuGuangqi徐光啟M.Ricci利瑪竇,Technique,YanFuLinShu,HistoryofTranslationinChina,EuclidsElements幾何原本,YanFuEvolutionandEthics(ByT.H.Huxley)2.AnInquiryIntotheNatureandCausesoftheWealthofNations(ByA.Smith)3.OnLiberty（ByJ.S.Mill),天演論,原富,群己權(quán)界論,HistoryofTranslationinChina,4.AHistoryofPolitics(ByE.Jenks),社會(huì)通詮,法意,5.TheSpiritofTheLaws(ByMontesquieu),照片,HistoryofTranslationinChina,“譯事三難：信達(dá)雅.”,“Therearethreedifficultiesintranslation:_,_,_”,faithfulness,expressiveness,elegance,HistoryofTranslationinChina,照片,LinShu林紓LaDameauxCamliasDavidCopperfield,巴黎茶花女遺事,塊肉余生述,3.UncleTomsCabin,黑奴吁天錄,4.Hamlet,王子復(fù)仇記,魯迅Literaturemodernwriterandtranslator毀滅死魂靈,HistoryofTranslationinChina,AfterMayFourthMovement,HistoryofTranslationinChina,Ratherbefaithfulthansmooth.-LuXun,寧信而不順,HistoryofTranslationinChina,CalltoArmsAMadmansDiaryKongYijiMedicineAnIncidentHometownTheTrueStoryofAhQWanderingWellWishesWildGrass,HistoryofTranslationinChina,After1949,傅雷錢鐘書楊憲益與戴乃迭許淵沖,Criteriafortranslation1)Faithfulness2)Expressiveness3)Elegance,Criteriafortranslation,1.玄奘：既須求真，又須喻俗2.嚴(yán)復(fù)：譯事三難：信，達(dá)，雅。求其信，已大難矣！顧信矣，不達(dá)，雖譯猶不譯也，則達(dá)尚焉。(1898)3.魯迅：凡是翻譯，必須兼顧兩面，一當(dāng)然是求其易解，一則保存著原作的風(fēng)姿。4.傅雷：重神似，不重形似5.錢鐘書：化境6.許淵沖：揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短，發(fā)揮譯文語言優(yōu)勢(shì)。,Translationsarelikewomen,-whentheyarefaithfultheyarenotbeautiful,whentheyarebeautifultheyarenotfaithful.Translatorsaretraitors,Criteriafortranslation,Tobeagoodtranslator:1.Idealbilingualcompetence;2.Expertise;3.PoliticalStand4.TranslationTechniques,Tobeagoodtranslator,Homework,1.Duringonefour-yearperiodabout600yearsagotheBlackDeathkilledatleast25millionpeopleinEurope.2.Inthedoorwaylayatleasttwelveumbrellasofallsizesand