,專題(七)形容詞和副詞,第二篇語法專題突破,形容詞用于修飾名詞和代詞,表示人或事物的性質(zhì)和特征;副詞既可修飾動詞,又可修飾形容詞和其他副詞,甚至整個句子。,考點一形容詞和副詞的基本用法,1.形容詞的基本用法,（續(xù)表）,拓展形容詞的其他用法(1)“the+形容詞”表示一類人或物,如:theold老人。(2)數(shù)詞+表示長、寬、高、深以及年齡的名詞+形容詞,如:fivethousandmetreslong5千米長。(3)形容詞常用句式:“its+adj.+of+sb.+todosth.”表示“某人做某事是的”。在這一句型中,常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞,如:good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,careful等?！癷ts+adj.+for+sb.+todosth.”表示“做某事對某人來說是的”。在這一句型中,常用描述事物性質(zhì)的形容詞,如:easy,difficult,important,safe,dangerous等。,2.副詞的基本用法,（續(xù)表）,拓展(1)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的詞前,但enough作副詞時,通常放在被修飾詞的后面。hedidntworkhardenoughlasttermbutnowheworksveryhard.上學(xué)期他學(xué)習(xí)不夠努力,但現(xiàn)在他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。,(2)副詞的構(gòu)成,注意有些以-ly結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而非副詞,如:lonely,lovely,friendly,motherly。,考點二形容詞和副詞的比較等級,形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的變化規(guī)則(1)規(guī)則變化,（續(xù)表）,(2)常見的不規(guī)則變化,考點三形容詞和副詞的比較等級的用法,1.原級的用法(1)只能修飾原級的詞有very,quite,too,so等。todayistoohot.今天真是太熱了。,(2)原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu):,2.比較級的用法,（續(xù)表）,（續(xù)表）,注意比較級前一般可用much,alittle,alot,even,still,far,abit等來修飾。,3.最高級的用法,（續(xù)表）,注意形容詞最高級前要加the,副詞最高級前的the可以省略。,1.2019包頭thankyouforyourinvitation.seeyoutomorrow!seeyou!a.rapidb.magicc.kindd.brave,c,|形容詞|,2.2018包頭heisaperson,butheisgoodattellingfunnystories.a.seriousb.patientc.kindd.humorous,答案a解析考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)“butheisgoodattellingfunnystories.”可知,他雖然是一個嚴肅的人,但卻擅長講幽默故事。故選a。,3.2017包頭wouldyouliketogomountainclimbingwithus?imafraidnot.thatsthethingintheworldiwanttodo.a.veryb.bestc.lastd.first,答案c解析考查形容詞辨析。句意:“你想和我們一起爬山嗎?”“恐怕不行,那是我最不想做的一件事?！庇伞癷mafraidnot.”可知選c。,4.2016包頭johnissucha(n)manthatwecanalwaysbelievehim.a.friendlyb.honestc.carelessd.foolish,答案b解析考查形容詞辨析。由后面的“believe”一詞可知,只有誠實的(honest)人才會讓人信任,故選b。,5.2015包頭itsverytofeelnervouswhenyougotoanewschool.a.naturalb.dangerousc.softd.cool6.2014包頭hi,mary.youlook.yeah,imgoingtoamericawithmyparentsforavacation.a.kindb.movedc.excitedd.sad,a,c,7.2013包頭ithinktherewillbeairpollutionwhenevertherearepeopledriving.thatstrue!ihopetheairwillbefreshersoon.a.less;lessb.less;fewerc.fewer;fewerd.fewer;less8.2019包頭一模aftersharingtearsandlaughterforsuchalongtime,janeandibecamevery.a.closeb.dearc.lovelyd.friendly,b,a,9.2019青山二模hi,sally.wouldyouliketohangoutwithmetomorrow?idloveto,butimnot.imleavingfornewyorktomorrow.a.believableb.enjoyablec.availabled.comfortable10.2018包頭一模mygrandmotherisover70,butshestillstaysquiteinthesquaredanceteam.a.safeb.warmc.actived.silent,c,c,1.2019包頭itiswellworththeeffort,andthesunriseis_beautiful.a.trulyb.mainlyc.hardlyd.nearly2.2018包頭hewasonce_killedinacaraccidentseveralyearsago.a.completelyb.sadlyc.exactlyd.nearly,a,|副詞|,d,3.2017包頭howwasyourvacationinamerica?itcouldntbeworse!idont_wanttotalkaboutit.a.evenb.hardlyc.everd.mainly,答案a解析考查副詞辨析。句意:“你在美國的假期過得怎么樣?”“不能再糟了,我甚至不想談?wù)撍！备鶕?jù)上句“不能再糟了”和dont可知選a,意為“甚至”。,4.2016包頭areyougoingtotomspartythisweekend?not.imayhavetowork.a.probablyb.certainlyc.especiallyd.properly,答案a解析考查副詞辨析。由后句“imayhavetowork.”可知,答者可能由于工作原因去不了,所以a項符合語境,意為“很有可能不(去)”。,5.2015包頭isyourhomeworkdone?.ineedatleastanothertwohours.a.exactlyb.farfromitc.notalittled.nowonder,b,6.2019包頭一模jacklookedsosadabouttheresult.iknowhowhefeels.ihavebeenthere.a.seriouslyb.exactlyc.probablyd.especially7.2019青山二模anotheraccidenthappenedbecauseofoverspeeddriving.whatapity.wemusttakerules.a.quicklyb.carefullyc.clearlyd.seriously,b,d,8.2018包頭一模icouldcontrolmyfeelingsatthemoment.thesongremindedmeofmyunforgettablechildhood.a.hardlyb.reallyc.nearlyd.clearly9.2018青山二模thebeltandroadinitiativeisagoodchancetoletmoreandmoreforeign