本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）翻譯外文參考文獻(xiàn)譯文及原文學(xué)院物理與光電工程學(xué)院專業(yè)光信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)年級(jí)班別2012級(jí)（2）班學(xué)號(hào)學(xué)生姓名指導(dǎo)教師2016年6月摘要采用高溫固相法制備一系列的CA3PO42摻雜SM3，EU3和SM3EU3。觀察其發(fā)光性能的光致發(fā)光輻射、激發(fā)光譜和衰變曲線。在波長(zhǎng)403NM的激勵(lì)下，CA3PO42SM3發(fā)出橘紅色光和并且其主導(dǎo)峰處在602毫微，這是由于的SM3的G5/26H7/2過渡。CA3PO42EU3產(chǎn)生394NM源激勵(lì)下的紅光，并且在613NM處產(chǎn)生了最強(qiáng)峰中心，其中分配給5D0EU37F2過渡。從SM3能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3CA3PO4研究證明其是通過偶極子四極相互作用機(jī)理的諧振型。某一臨界距離的SM3EU3CA3PO42計(jì)算要135A。隨著EU3摻雜含量的增加，能量轉(zhuǎn)移效率（SM3EU3）衰變曲線逐漸增加到307。此外，CA3的發(fā)光顏色可以通過適當(dāng)調(diào)整SM3相對(duì)添加劑成分從而調(diào)節(jié)PO42SM3，EU3/EU3。目錄譯文紅色發(fā)光CA3PO42SM3,EU3熒光粉的發(fā)光性能和能量轉(zhuǎn)移11引言12實(shí)驗(yàn)23結(jié)果和討論231表征階段232CA3PO42SM3PO42EU3，CA3PO42SM3，EU3的發(fā)光性能233CA3PO42從SM3到EU3的能量轉(zhuǎn)移434CIE色度坐標(biāo)64結(jié)論6原文LUMINESCENCEPROPERTIESANDENERGYTRANSFEROFAREDEMITTINGCA3PO42SM3,EU3PHOSPHOR71INTRODUCTION72EXPERIMENTAL73RESULTSANDDISCUSSION731PHASECHARACTERIZATION732LUMINESCENCEPROPERTIESOFCA3PO42SM3,CA3PO42EU3,CA3PO42SM3,EU3733ENERGYTRANSFERFROMSM3TOEU3INCA3PO42734CIECHROMATICITYCOORDINATES74CONCLUSIONS7譯文紅色發(fā)光CA3PO42SM3,EU3熒光粉的發(fā)光性能和能量轉(zhuǎn)移1引言近年來，白色發(fā)光二極管WLED作為一種綠色照明光源預(yù)計(jì)將取代傳統(tǒng)的白熾燈和熒光燈燈管。原因是其擁有高效、節(jié)能、環(huán)保、壽命長(zhǎng)13其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。有主要有三種方法來制造白光發(fā)光二極管4,5。第一種方法是結(jié)合藍(lán)籌的黃色發(fā)光熒光粉YAGCE3460毫微米。盡管如此，白色的光產(chǎn)生的藍(lán)色LED和黃色熒光粉有很多缺陷，例如缺乏紅光組件在其光譜組成和低顏色呈現(xiàn)指數(shù)。第二種方法是結(jié)合藍(lán)色、綠色和紅色的指示燈。但這種方式不同的LED器件的發(fā)光亮度改變不同隨著溫度的升高，造成顏色坐標(biāo)漂移的混合白色的光。第三種方法是使用NUVLED的藍(lán)色、綠色和紅色熒光粉的激發(fā)或藍(lán)色的LED。兩個(gè)前一方法的比較，第三種方法應(yīng)該是最高級(jí)的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)高性能的WLED。目前，最常見的紅色熒光粉白光LED是Y2O2SEU3，其中效率還不如比那些綠色和藍(lán)色熒光粉6。而且在此基礎(chǔ)上，Y2O2SEU3也是化學(xué)性質(zhì)不穩(wěn)定，其生存期是不足以NUV或藍(lán)色光激發(fā)7。因此，迫切需要開拓新的紅色熒光粉具有高效率、優(yōu)異的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性，提高效率的光轉(zhuǎn)換和WLED的壽命。他們之間有很多稀土離子，例如三價(jià)銪（EU3）離子是眾所周知的好的紅色激活劑，在許多矩陣由于5D07FJJ1，2，3）轉(zhuǎn)換的EU3實(shí)例SR7鋯PO46EU389BANB2O6EU3BA2GD8SIO46O2EU310、11Y2MOO6EU3和NACABO3EU312。但這些與EU3摻雜的熒光粉，來自EU3FF躍遷激發(fā)峰位于NUV地區(qū)，太鋒利，涵蓋NUVLED395405NM的排放。為提高NUV吸收和加強(qiáng)EU3離子，SM3離子的排放強(qiáng)度通常納入EU3摻雜熒光粉增敏劑，如SR3LAPO43SM3，EU33，SRIN2O4SM3，EU313，CAWO4SM3，EU314，Y5MO2O12SM3，EU315，CA2BO3CLSM3，EU316等。在這些EU3SM3系統(tǒng)，EU3激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)范圍，可以有效拓寬了，由于從SM3到EU3能量傳遞。在矩陣的有關(guān)材料，磷酸化合物與M3的一般公式PO42MCA，SR，BA為基體材料，稀土離子摻雜熒光粉1724引起人們的關(guān)注。例如，發(fā)光特性的活化劑在CA3PO42EU317，CA3PO42SM318CA1XBA3PO42EU219，SR3BA3級(jí)PO42EU2PO42EU220報(bào)道。能量轉(zhuǎn)移的活化劑在CA3PO42PR3，GD321，CA3PO42EU2，MN222進(jìn)行了研究。然而，就我們所知，那里已沒有記錄的研究關(guān)于SM3和EU3CA3之間能量的轉(zhuǎn)移PO42，因此，我們合成了CA3PO42SM3，EU3，并研究了它的能量轉(zhuǎn)移和發(fā)光。2實(shí)驗(yàn)一系列的CA3PO42SM3固相反應(yīng)合成了EU3發(fā)光材料。CA3XYPO42XEU3，YSM3CACO3名義組成AR（分析試劑），C995，NH42HPO4AR，C99，為原料采用EU2O39999和SM2O39999。原材料被化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)稱了并且徹底碾碎為1H在瑪瑙研缽中。然后，混合物被裝入剛玉坩堝，并在1200C4小時(shí)在正常大氣壓下的管式爐燒結(jié)。冷卻后，所有樣本都均再次地面在瑪瑙研缽，以獲得樣品產(chǎn)品精細(xì)粉末的形式。X射線衍射XRD模式被收集的X射線粉末衍射譜XRD用銅KA輻射的X射線衍射儀K15406A在36KV管電壓和20馬管電流，與0022H范圍從10TO掃描步長(zhǎng)70。光致發(fā)光譜PL和衰變曲線的所有樣品錄使用日立F7000熒光分光光度計(jì)（東京）作為激勵(lì)源配備氙燈150W。這兩個(gè)狹縫寬度的激發(fā)和發(fā)射性能是25毫微米和掃描速度是每分鐘400V工作電壓下1200NM。在室溫下進(jìn)行了所有測(cè)量。3結(jié)果和討論31表征階段XRD圖譜為CA3CA3PO42EU3PO42SM3和CA3PO42SM3，EU3測(cè)量和類似衍射曲線觀察從這些樣品。作為代表，圖1展品XRD的樣品CA3PO42001SM3，CA3PO42001SM3和CA3PO42001SM3，012EU3。根據(jù)JCPDS卡號(hào)090169，發(fā)現(xiàn)衍射峰的位置，要與CA3區(qū)的菱形結(jié)構(gòu)完全掛鉤PO4與細(xì)胞參數(shù)2B104352A，C374029A，屬于空間群R3C167。它表明，所得的樣品單階段和SM3可以輕松地介紹了EU3離子取代CA2格位于CA3PO42。32CA3PO42SM3PO42EU3，CA3PO42SM3，EU3的發(fā)光性能圖2展示的SM3的激發(fā)光譜和EU3單獨(dú)摻雜CA3PO42和SM3和EU3共摻雜CA3PO42。在SM3僅摻雜CA3PO42，激發(fā)光譜監(jiān)測(cè)4G5/24H7/2602NM過渡的SM3包括一系列的鋒利的線條從300到450毫微米，歸于的SM3FF特征過渡。最強(qiáng)的吸收峰CA3PO42001SM3磷位于403NM的是從6H5/24F7/2過渡的SM3離子、345、362、375、390其他弱峰，417和439NM對(duì)應(yīng)的6H5/24H9/2，4D3/2，4D1/2，4L15/2的電子躍遷（6P，4P）5/2和4G9/225。在EU3單獨(dú)摻雜樣品，激發(fā)光譜監(jiān)測(cè)在613毫微米（5D07F2）EU3包含幾個(gè)狹窄行源自EU3離子，內(nèi)4F過渡和394高峰NM是實(shí)力最強(qiáng)，這是由于7F05L6過渡EU326。通過這些光譜對(duì)比兩個(gè)單摻雜的樣品，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)SM3具有很強(qiáng)的吸收約403毫微米，而EU3摻雜的樣品在這支樂隊(duì)不能有效激發(fā)。因此，SM3被認(rèn)為能被用于擴(kuò)大和加強(qiáng)吸收約403毫微米為EU3摻雜樣品?；谶@一考慮，SM3和EU3共摻CA3PO42樣品被合成并研究了其發(fā)光性能。圖2C說明了激勵(lì)譜的CA3PO42001SM3，004EU3磷監(jiān)測(cè)在613的EU3NM?？梢钥吹降氖荅U3激發(fā)光譜形狀單獨(dú)摻雜樣品和SM3和EU3共摻雜的樣品基本上是相同的但在一些細(xì)節(jié)上有所不同。首先，為SM3和EU3共摻雜的樣品，在約403勵(lì)磁樂隊(duì)NM是加強(qiáng)和擴(kuò)大在一定程度上與EU3單獨(dú)摻雜樣品相比，圖2C插圖中所示。這種變化應(yīng)歸因于6H5/24F7/2過渡的SM37F0與重疊的EU35L6過渡。即是說，對(duì)于EU3摻雜樣品，吸收大約400毫微米可以增強(qiáng)和擴(kuò)大的SM3介紹，該屬性只是便于申請(qǐng)NUVLED熒光粉。其次，勵(lì)磁頂峰345NM歸因于過渡的SM36H5/24H9/2可以檢測(cè)到在CA3PO42001SM3，004EU3樣品監(jiān)測(cè)613NM的EU3，沒有觀察到的激發(fā)光譜的CA3PO42004EU3。這些現(xiàn)象表明，SM3離子可以有效地吸收將能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3離子。發(fā)射光譜的SM3或EU3單獨(dú)摻雜CA3PO42和SM3EU3雙摻CA3PO42在不同的泵浦波長(zhǎng)下測(cè)量并顯示在圖3中。發(fā)射光譜的SM3單獨(dú)摻雜CA3PO4在激勵(lì)下的SM32403NM包含的SM3典型轉(zhuǎn)換18，25G5/264H5/2562、567NM、4G5/26H72602毫微米和G5/264H9/2647NM所示，在圖3A，602高峰NM是最強(qiáng)。發(fā)射光譜的EU3單獨(dú)摻雜CA3PO42在394NM勵(lì)磁（見圖3B）展品知名5D07FJJ0，1，2發(fā)射譜線的EU3J為最強(qiáng)烈的發(fā)射與在6132毫微米，表明EU3占有沒有反演對(duì)稱性網(wǎng)站26。位于周圍590和613毫微米的樂隊(duì)來自5D07F1、5D07F2過渡的EU3分別812，17。為了進(jìn)一步了解SM3和EU3，SM3發(fā)射譜之間的能量轉(zhuǎn)移EU3共摻CA3PO42393輻照后EU3和403NMNM的SM3進(jìn)行了測(cè)量和分別列于圖3C，D。發(fā)射光譜的SM3EU3共摻CA3PO42393NM激勵(lì)下的（見圖3C）發(fā)現(xiàn)，是一樣的EU3單獨(dú)摻雜樣品，顯示那SM3不能由394興奮NM和沒有能量轉(zhuǎn)移發(fā)生從EU3SM3。雖然雙摻雜的樣品輻照到4F7/2級(jí)的SM3403NM，熒光EU3和SM3可以觀察到（見圖3D）。這是從SM3到EU3能量傳遞的征兆。另一種不明顯現(xiàn)象觀察圖3D是，5D17F1排放EU3變得很弱，幾乎無法察覺時(shí)激動(dòng)起來由403毫微米。因此，能量傳遞的途徑是從4G5/2的SM35D0的EU3，而不是5D1級(jí)別。此外，從圖4D，它可以清晰可見的5D07F2為EU3單獨(dú)摻雜樣品的發(fā)光強(qiáng)度是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于EU3離子的SM3EU3共摻雜的樣品。發(fā)光獲取提高納入SM3CA3PO42EU3和CA3區(qū)的發(fā)光強(qiáng)度PO42001SM3，004EU3是約三倍，比CA3PO42004EU3403NM激勵(lì)下的。以上結(jié)果演示從SM3有效的能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3發(fā)生在CA3PO42SM3，EU333CA3PO42從SM3到EU3的能量轉(zhuǎn)移為了研究從SM3能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3，發(fā)射光譜的CA3PO42XSM3，004EU3X001005403NM激勵(lì)下的樣本記錄，圖4所示。EU3固定在004濃度被指文學(xué)17。結(jié)果表明特征發(fā)射系SM3和EU3觀察在發(fā)射譜的所有樣品。當(dāng)EU3摻雜濃度固定的時(shí)排放強(qiáng)度的SM3和EU3首先隨著SM3濃度的增加而增加，并達(dá)到最大值在X003，然后減少單調(diào)由于SM3的濃度猝滅。因此，SM3和EU3排放強(qiáng)度具有相同的變化趨勢(shì)，當(dāng)SM3含量增加從001到005。顯然，EU3排放強(qiáng)度的變化應(yīng)源自SM3，進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了向EU3從SM3轉(zhuǎn)讓能源。此外，發(fā)射光譜的樣品CA3PO42001SM3，YEU3Y0016也記錄和圖5中所示。在激勵(lì)下的403NM，SM3排放被發(fā)現(xiàn)與EU3摻雜內(nèi)容從0增加到016排放強(qiáng)度的EU3最初增加而達(dá)到極大值在X單調(diào)遞減012，又出現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì)，當(dāng)EU3離子含量超過012由于EU3EU3內(nèi)部的濃度猝滅。這一事實(shí)表明，SM3可以一些吸收將能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3，導(dǎo)致其自身發(fā)光強(qiáng)度下降和高效的紅光發(fā)射，與EU3?；谝陨戏治?，對(duì)非輻射能量轉(zhuǎn)移示意圖流程從SM3到EU3CA3PO42主機(jī)如圖6所示。當(dāng)SM3興奮由403NMNUV光中時(shí)，電子在基態(tài)可以注入4F7/2水平。激發(fā)的電子可以放松非躍遷到最低興奮水平4G5/2和球型跳轉(zhuǎn)到基態(tài)（6H5/2、6H7/2和6H9/2）導(dǎo)致特征發(fā)射的SM3（見圖3A）。此外，可以看到的SM34的G5/2能級(jí)是接近5D0能量水平的EU3，鋪平了道路為能量轉(zhuǎn)移從4G5/2水平的SM35D0水平的EU327兩個(gè)能級(jí)之間的共振。從SM3能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3是幾乎不可逆的（見圖3），因?yàn)槟茉吹腟M34G5/2水平與EU35D0水平之間的差距很?。ù蠹s600厘米1發(fā)射聲子的SM3機(jī)會(huì)4G5/2EU35D0過程是高于EU3捕獲聲子5D0SM34G5/2進(jìn)程36，28。因此，發(fā)射譜的CA3PO42SM3，EU3證明從SM3能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3是有效為了進(jìn)一步澄清是否存在SM3和EU3之間的能量轉(zhuǎn)移，生存期的SM3進(jìn)行調(diào)查。光致發(fā)光衰減曲線的SM3CA3PO42001SM3，YEU3Y0016熒光粉興奮在403毫微米和監(jiān)測(cè)在602NM入賬，代表部分介紹了在圖7中。衰變曲線可以配備一個(gè)單一的指數(shù)函數(shù)，如下圖所示我是發(fā)光強(qiáng)度的時(shí)間T，I0是常數(shù)S是發(fā)光壽命T是時(shí)間。衰減時(shí)間S計(jì)算的非線性曲線擬合和表1所示。從表1，它可以清晰可見，隨著EU3摻雜的增加，一生的單調(diào)從2369SM3離子減少到1642女士這一結(jié)果強(qiáng)烈表明能量轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)生從SM3對(duì)EU3離子?？梢允褂靡韵鹿?9計(jì)算能量轉(zhuǎn)移效率GT從SM3對(duì)EU3離子SS和SS0SM3離子的存在的衰變壽命和哪里沒有EU3。中表1還列出了能量轉(zhuǎn)移效率GT從SM3到EU3依賴EU3濃度的計(jì)算的結(jié)果。GT的CA3PO42001SM3，YEU3發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著EU3摻雜含量的增加而增加，最大能量轉(zhuǎn)移效率從SM3到EU3是307。一般來說，從SM3到EU3能量傳遞的意義取決于強(qiáng)烈SM3和EU3離子之間的距離。某一臨界距離RSM歐盟之間SM3和EU3可以粗略估計(jì)，由下面的公式，提出了BLASSE30。V在哪里的晶胞體積，XC是樣品的臨界濃度即SM3和EU3離子的排放強(qiáng)度的SM3是樣品的一半在沒有EU3，Z是樣品的中心陽離子的單元數(shù)目的總濃度。為主機(jī)CA3PO42，Z21，V352726A317和結(jié)晶度是實(shí)驗(yàn)要從總和的SM3013001和EU3012。情商3，能量轉(zhuǎn)移的臨界距離預(yù)計(jì)將約135A為CA3PO42001SM3，YEU3，要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于典型的臨界距離交流互動(dòng)5A3。這一結(jié)果表明，交換相互作用的機(jī)理作用沒有能量傳遞過程中為CA3PO42001SM3、YEU3熒光粉。因此，SM3和EU3之間的能量轉(zhuǎn)移發(fā)生在CA3PO42001SM3，YEU3和5D07F2排放EU3促進(jìn)高效能源轉(zhuǎn)移SM3到EU3，屬于多極互動(dòng)。德克斯特的能量傳遞公式，多極互動(dòng)和REISFELD的逼近，關(guān)系可以得到以下公式32，33在G0和G的SM3的熒光量子效率中的缺席與在場(chǎng)的EU3分別代表因子C是摻雜含量的EU3離子不同的N值指示從SM3到EU3能量傳遞不同電多極互動(dòng)機(jī)制。N的值等于6、8和10分別對(duì)應(yīng)于偶極偶極子、偶極子四極、四極四極相互作用。G0/G式4中的值可以從相關(guān)的排放強(qiáng)度大約估計(jì)IS0/是34，35因此，式4可以修改由方程如下IS0/與CN/3曲線對(duì)應(yīng)于N6，8和10繪制在圖8中。它很容易可以看出最優(yōu)線性行為觀察到，當(dāng)N8，暗示從SM3的能量轉(zhuǎn)移機(jī)理到EU3CA3PO42是通過偶極子四極相互作用，這是類似于文獻(xiàn)36，37中那些結(jié)果。34CIE色度坐標(biāo)表2描述了CIE色度的CA3PO42001SM3、YEU3Y0016熒光粉計(jì)算相應(yīng)的發(fā)射譜激動(dòng)403毫微米。EU3濃度的增加，樣品的CIE（X，Y）坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)移到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的紅色色度（067，033）國家電視標(biāo)準(zhǔn)委員會(huì)NTSC系統(tǒng)，這可能歸因于日益增加的能量轉(zhuǎn)移從SM3離子。這表明，CA3PO42SM3，EU3可以作為潛在的紅色發(fā)光熒光粉的NUV指示燈。4結(jié)論總之，SM3EU3單摻雜及共摻雜CA3PO4固相反應(yīng)合成了2發(fā)光材料，在室溫下研究了紫外光激發(fā)其光致發(fā)光特性。從SM3能量轉(zhuǎn)移到EU3CA3PO42SM3，EU3已經(jīng)被證明，和能量轉(zhuǎn)移效率（SM3EU3）逐漸增加從0到307隨著EU3摻雜濃度為0016。此外，某一臨界距離RC的SM3對(duì)EU3離子的CA3PO42計(jì)算要135A。能量轉(zhuǎn)移的機(jī)制也證明了要通過偶極子四極相互作用的諧振型。排放強(qiáng)度的CA3PO42EU3可以顯著增強(qiáng)由摻雜SM3和CA3的CIE（X，Y）坐標(biāo)PO42001SM3，YEU3系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)移到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的紅色色度（067，033）與EU3含量的增加。這些結(jié)果表明CA3PO42SM3，EU3可以是有前途的紅色發(fā)光熒光粉NUV基于白光LED。原文LUMINESCENCEPROPERTIESANDENERGYTRANSFEROFAREDEMITTINGCA3PO42SM3,EU3PHOSPHORASERIESOFSM3,EU3ANDSM3EU3DOPEDCA3PO42WEREPREPAREDBYAHIGHTEMPERATURESOLIDSTATEMETHODTHEIRLUMINESCENTPROPERTIESWERESTUDIEDBYPHOTOLUMINESCENCEEMISSION,EXCITATIONSPECTRAANDDECAYCURVESUNDEREXCITATIONWITHAWAVELENGTHAT403NM,CA3PO42SM3EMITSREDORANGELIGHT,ANDTHEDOMINATEDPEAKSITUATESAT602NMWHICHISDUETOTHE4G5/26H7/2TRANSITIONOFSM3CA3PO42EU3PRODUCESREDLIGHTUNDERTHE394NMEXCITATION,ANDTHESTRONGESTPEAKCENTERSAT613NM,WHICHISASSIGNEDTO5D07F2TRANSITIONOFEU3THEENERGYTRANSFERFROMSM3TOEU3INCA3PO42HOSTHASBEENSTUDIEDANDDEMONSTRATEDTOBEARESONANTTYPEVIAADIPOLEQUADRUPOLEINTERACTIONMECHANISMTHECRITICALDISTANCEOFSM3EU3INCA3PO42ISCALCULATEDTOBE135AWITHTHEINCREASEOFEU3DOPINGCONTENT,THEENERGYTRANSFEREFFICIENCYSM3EU3OBTAINEDFROMDECAYCURVESGRADUALLYINCREASESTO307MOREOVER,THEEMITTINGCOLOROFCA3PO42SM3,EU3CANBETUNEDBYAPPROPRIATELYADJUSTINGTHERELATIVEDOPINGCOMPOSITIONOFSM3/EU31INTRODUCTIONINRECENTYEARS,WHITELIGHTEMITTINGDIODESWLEDASAKINDOFGREENLIGHTINGSOURCEAREEXPECTEDTOREPLACETHETRA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