英文原文DieLifeofcoldstampingdieandinfluenceDiewiththelifeoftheworkpiecebypunchingoutthenumberofterms.ManyfactorsaffectthelifeDie.Therearediestructuredesign,manufacturemoldsusedinthepunchanddiematerials,diequalityandsurfacehardeningheattreatment,precisiondiemanufacturingpartsandcoldstampingmaterialsselection.Inaddition,therearedieinstallation,adjustment,useandmaintenance.1.DieDesignonLife(1)Layoutdesignoflayoutmethodsandtaketheboundaryvalueagreatimpactonthedielife,toosmalltotaketheboundaryvalue,oftencausingrapidwearandconvexmold,diebitewoundsonthe.Startingfrommaterialsavings,taketheboundaryvaluesmallerthebetter,buttaketheedgeislessthansomevalue,thecutsurfaceofthemoldandthequalityoflifeadversely.TherewillbeleftbehindintheblankingdieQ-gapweretoproducesparepartsglitch,orevendamagethedieedge,reducedielife.Therefore,considerincreasingthematerialutilizationofthesametime,partsmustyield,qualityandlifeexpectancytodeterminethelayoutmethodsandtaketheboundary.(2)diestructurepronetostressconcentrationonthecrackingofthediestructure,compositestructurecanbeusedormosaicstructure,andprestressedstructuretoenhancethemoldlife.(3)theimpactofclearancewhenthegapistoosmall,compressedextrusionofinterest,increasedfriction,increasedwear,thewearsideofaggravateddischargeandpushpiecesafterblankingtime,materialsandconvex,thefrictionbetweendiewillcausewearandtearthantheendedgeonthesideofthegrindingmuch,butalsoeasilyleadtoconvex,concavemoldtemperatureishigh,theadsorptionofmetaldebrisinthesideedgetoformametaltumor,sothatmaleandfemalediechippingorexpansionoccurscrackphenomenon.Therefore,thegapistoosmalltoDieLifeverybad.Gapistoolargewillincreasethepunchandthediefacetheedgeoftheconcentrationofstress,resultinginasharpincreaseinstress,sobladeedgequicklyloseangularyielddeformation.Therefore,additionofblankingforce,therebyenablingfasteredgeedgewear,reducedielife.Butinordertoreducethemaleandfemalediewear,extendingmoldlife,whileensuringqualityofstampingpiecesunderthepremisethatlargerspacedesignedproperlyitisnecessary.(4)Die-orientedstructureofthelifeofareliableguidefortheworkingpartsreducewear,preventmaleandfemalediebitewoundisveryeffective.Inparticular,non-small-QgapQgaporDie,compounddieandmulti-positionprogressivedieevenmoreimportant.Toimprovethedielife,mustbebasedonprocessesandthedemandofprecision,thecorrectchoice-orientedformandorientationaccuracy,thechoiceshouldbehigherthantheaccuracy-orientedconvex,concavemoldwithprecision.(5)theimpactofcoldstampingmaterials,coldstampingmaterialsselectedshouldmeetthedesignrequirementsofworkpiecesandstampingprocessrequirements,oreasytomolddamageandreducemoldlife.Poorsurfacequalityofcoldstamping,punching,crackingwhentheworkpieceisalsoeasytoscratchmold.Badcoldstampingplasticmaterials,deformationissmall,easytopresswhentheworkpiecerupture,butalsoeasytoscratchmold.Inaddition,thematerialthicknesstolerancesshallcomplywithnationalstandards.Diebecauseofacertainthicknessofmaterialsuitableforforming,bending,flanging,drawingdieofthemaleandfemalediestructuregapisdirectlydeterminedbythethicknessofthematerial.Therefore,uneventhickness,willresultinwastegenerationandmolddamage.2.DieDieLifeofDieDieLifeofamoldmaterialproperties,chemicalcomposition,structure,hardnessandcomprehensivereflectionofmetallurgicalquality.Amongthem,thematerialpropertiesandheattreatmentaffectthequalityofthemostobvious.Moldmaterialpropertiesontheimpactofdielifeisgreat.Ifthesameworkpiece,usingadifferentmoldmaterialofthebendingtest,thetestresults:The9Mn2Vmaterial,thelifeof5million；withCrl2MoVnitriding,thelifeofupto40million.Therefore,thechoiceofmaterials,thebatchsizeshouldbebasedonworkpiece,rationaluseofmoldmaterials.ThehardnessofthediepartstoDieLifeagreatimpact.Butnotthehigherhardness,longerdielife.Thisisbecausethehardnessandstrength,toughnessandabrasionresistancearecloselyrelated.Somediedemandsofhighhardness,longlife.SuchastheuseofT10steeldies,hardness5458HRC,onlywashedthousandsoftimesaburrontheworkpiecegreat.Ifthehardnessto6064HRC,thegrindinglifeofupto2to3million.However,ifcontinuetoimprovehardness,fractureoccursearlier.Somediehardnessshouldnotbetoohigh,asthediemanufacturingusingCrl2MoV5862HRChardness,thegenerallifeof2-3million,invalidformofchippingandcracking,andifthehardnessdownto5458HRC,lifeexpectancyincreasedto560000,butdecreasedto5053HRChardnessappearseasytobluntthedieedgephenomenon.Thus,moldhardnessmustbebasedonmaterialpropertiesandfailuremodesmaybe.Shouldenablethehardness,strength,toughnessandwearresistance,resistancetofatiguestrengthneededtoachieveaparticularstampingprocessthebestmatch.3.ThesurfaceofthemoldheattreatmenttostrengthenthequalityandimpactonlifeMoldheattreatmentthenatureandqualityoflifeofthemoldagreatimpact.Practiceshowsthatthediepartsofthequenchingdistortionandcracking,earlyfractureduringuse,whilethemetallurgicalandmaterialsquality,forgingquality,moldstructureandprocessrelated,butrelatedmoretodieofheattreatment.Accordingtostatisticalanalysisoffailurecausesofmold,heattreatmentfailureduetoimproperaccountingformorethan50%.Practiceshowsthatthemoldmaterialmustbeaccompaniedbyhighheattreatmentprocessproperly,canreallyplayamaterialspotential.Partssurfacehardeningmoldworkpurposeistoobtaintheeffectofexternalhardtoughinside,sobehardness,wearresistance,toughness,goodresistancetofatiguewith.Manywaystodiesurfacehardening,surfacetreatmenttechnologyofnewtechnologiesdevelopedrapidly.InadditiontoNitrocarburizingandionnitride,boride,seepageniobium,vanadiumpermeability,hardchromeplatedandsparkstrengthening,thechemicalvapordeposition(CVD)andphysicalvapordeposition(PVD)hasbeengraduallyadopted.ByCVDandPVDtreatment,themoldsurfacecoveredwithsuper-hardmaterial,suchasTiC,TiN,etc.Highhardness,wearresistance,corrosionresistance,adhesionisverygood,canimprovethedielifeseveraltimestoseveraltimes.4.ManufacturingprecisionofthediepartsofdielifePrecisiondiemanufacturingandlifeinitinparticular,moldsurfaceroughnessonthemoldagreatimpact.IfusingCrl2MoVsteelblankingdie,ifthesurfaceroughnessvalueR=1.6m,itslifespanisabout30,000.Suchaspolishedbytheprecision,surfaceroughnessvalueR=0.4m,lifecanbeincreasedto4-5million.Therefore,theworkingpartsofthemoldsurface,thegeneralmustgothroughgrinding,grinding,polishingandotherfinishingandfineprocessing.5.Otheraspectsoftheimpactofdielife(1)Presstheaccuracyisnothigh,butalsoeasytomakediedamage.(2)dieinthepressornotinstalledproperlyandtheoperatorstechnicallevel,onthetoollifeisalsogreatlyaffected.(3)diesinthecustodyandmaintenanceofgoodandbad,andtheuseoflubricantconditionalsoaffectsmoldlife.Coldstampingmouldconvex,concavediesizeanddistributionoftheclearancedegreedirectlyaffectthequalityoftheblankingpiecesandthelengthoftheservicelifeofthedie.Inguaranteeblankingpiecesspaceismouldmanufacturingassemblyveryimportantlink,andassemblyqualitywilldirectlyinfluencetheconvex,concavedieiftheclearancebetweentheuniform.Suchastheprocessofconvex,concavediesizeprecisionalthoughalreadymeettherequirements,butinassemblingifadjustmentisbad,cancauseclearancedoesnoteven,rushedoutofthesparepartsoftherawedges.Evenrushedoutofunqualifiedparts.Themoldassemblyiskeytocontrolconvex,concavedieofrelativepositions,inordertoensurethattheconvex,concavedie,uniformandtheclearancebetweentherighttorushoutofqualifiedparts.1.Diebeforeassemblytheproblemsthatshouldbepaidattention2Convex,concavedieandmouldpartsitselfisclearanceoftheprecision,andtheassemblyoftheassemblyprocessisreasonable.Inordertoensurethatthepositionoftheconvex,concavediecorrectlyandgapseven,moulddesign,processingtoassemblyfromthewholelinkshouldpayattentiontothefollowingquestions：（1）Convex,concavediedesignandmanufactureoftherightDesignshouldbebasedontheaboveallwhendiecuttingthesectionofaquality,servicelifeofdiefactorssuchasthereasonableselectionofconvex,concavedieclearance.Andtoconsiderthemouldintheprocessofusingthatgapwearincreases,generalinthedesigntheleastreasonableclearancewhenmould.Andinthemanufacturingprocesscanensurethepartsprocessingprecisionandquality,intheassemblyprocessensureconvex,concavediegapeven,thisforprocessingcomplexshapeisverykeyparts.（2）AssemblymethodthechoiceshouldbereasonableDieassemblymethodincluderoughlyassemblymethodanddirectwithassemblymethod.Beforetheassemblymustbecarefullystudymoldassemblydrawing,fullconsiderationandanalysisofthestructurecharacteristicsofpunchingdie,diepartsprocessingtechnologyandprocessingaccuracyetc,inordertochooseconvenient,accurateandreliableassemblymethodtoensurethequalityofblankingpieces.2.Convex,concavediegapbetweenthecontrolandadjustmentofthemethod3Convex,concavedieclearancecontrol,shouldaccordingtodiestructure,clearancesize,blankingpiecesofqualityandpracticalassemblyconditiontoselected.Convex,concavediegapbetweenthecontrolandadjustmentmethodhavethefollowingkinds.（1）PervioustolightmethodWillconvex,concavedieaftermolmerged,shonealightontheunderside,observetheconvex,concavediearoundthroughlightanddistributiontojudgethesizeoftheclearanceanduniformity.Ifnoteven,toadjusttoevenlybetweenfixedagain,thismethodissuitableforsmallgapplatestampingdie.（2）FeelermethodWillconvex,concavedieaftermolmerged,convex,concavedieintothethicknessofunilateralclearancefeelerconvex,concavediegapsineachdirection.Thentightenthescrewonmode.Finallyputpapertostampingandwilllastmouldseatandfixedonboardwithdrilling,reamingpositioningpinhole,andatapinlocation.（3）GasketsDiaoZhengFaGasketadjustmentmethodissimple,convenient,clearanceisusedwidely.Asshowninfigure1shows,thematwithgoodcontourmatiron,willgasketswrappedinthepunchtothepunchintotheconcavemould,observetheconvex,concavedieclearancecondition.Ifclearancedoesnoteven,withstrikingtheprotrudingmodelsoffixedplatemethodclearanceadjustment,thentightenthescrewonmode.Finallyputpapertostamping,observationonpapercuttingaroundburrandevenratetojudgewhetherclearanceconvex,concavedieeven,toadjustthegapuntilcuttingburruniformsofar.Finallythemouldseatandtheplatewithdrilling,reamingpositioningpinhole,andenterthepinlocation.Thismethodw