畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的影響與啟示院系經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)系專業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)班級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)生姓名導(dǎo)師姓名職稱講師起止時(shí)間2009年12月20日至2010年06月20日畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文任務(wù)書學(xué)生姓名指導(dǎo)教師職稱講師院系經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)系專業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)題目國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的啟示任務(wù)與要求1、現(xiàn)在起到下學(xué)期初，收集與國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的啟示等主題相關(guān)或相近的文獻(xiàn)資料，全面掌握對(duì)該題目已有的研究成果。所搜集的文獻(xiàn)要進(jìn)行分類整理閱讀，對(duì)引用率高的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)要反復(fù)閱讀，深刻領(lǐng)會(huì)其理論觀點(diǎn)。對(duì)與本論文題目相關(guān)度低的其他大量文獻(xiàn)也要進(jìn)行瀏覽，掌握作者的不同觀點(diǎn)。同時(shí)，也應(yīng)通過(guò)多查多看了解專業(yè)論文的寫作思路和寫作規(guī)范。2、下學(xué)期初，在文獻(xiàn)檢索與閱讀工作結(jié)束之后，著手構(gòu)建論文的框架。大G1319G8505G20600G1038G726G12907G13446G279G13466G13446G279論文初G12307G279G1474G6925G279G4462G12307。G12907G13446G726G7138G11842大G1319思路和G17935G17765G4649G5332G20046G5219G727G13466G13446G726對(duì)G8611G1022論G16789的G10627G14422進(jìn)行G13466G2282G727論文G726G6365G10043論文寫作規(guī)范的要G8726G1209G13491G980G7696G5347G4448成論文。G22、論文的G4395G6980要G8726G17810到G27G19G19G19G4395G1209G990。要G8726觀點(diǎn)G7138G11842、論G6466G1817分、論G16789有G2159，G16833G16340G15932G17810G9177G7982G8981G11033。G23、論文G7423G4626所G2027的G2454G13783文獻(xiàn)G14279G4581要有1G24G12699，其G1025G14279G4581要有1G12699外文資料，G2454G13783文獻(xiàn)G5529G20047在論文G1025G15999引用。開始日期2009G519212G738820G7097完成日期2010G519206G738820G7097院長(zhǎng)簽字2010年月日畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文工作計(jì)劃學(xué)生姓名_指導(dǎo)教師_職稱_講師_學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院系別經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)系專業(yè)_經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)_題目_國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的啟示_工作進(jìn)程A1A0A2A3A6A4A5A72009A1012A1120A122010A102A1120A12A13A8A9A14A15A16A19A20A17A18A14A21A222010A102A1121A123A1110A12A25A23A24A26A29A30A27A28A31A32A33A19A6A4A34A352010A103A1111A124A1110A12A38A36A37A21A39A402010A104A1111A124A1120A12A43A41A42A44A45A46A37A47A38A36A37A21A48A402010A104A1121A125A1115A12A51A49A37A21A38A4A50A522010A105A1116A125A1126A12A51A49A37A21A38A4A53A54A522010A105A1127A126A113A12A51A49A37A21A38A4A53A55A522010A106A114A126A1110A12A37A21A56A57A58A592010A106A1111A126A1120A12A25A23A37A21A60A61主要G2454G13783G1082目G708資料G709A64A62A63A67A65A66A70A71A68A69A72A73A37A74A75A76A77A78A79A80A70A83A81A82A84A82A32A87A85A85A86A90A87A88A87A62A92A87A89A64A87A63A94A91A93A97A70A71A68A69A72A95A73A37A43A96A71A98A99A69A72A100A101A74A102A95A70A105A103A104A106A87A85A85A86A109A62A92A109A109A64A109A63A110A107A108A70A95A69A72A73A37A43A111A71A99A112A113A104A106A74A75A76A70A116A114A82A115A87A85A85A62A90A62A88A62A109A92A62A117A64A89A63A120A118A119A97A70A71A68A69A72A73A37A74A121A95A75A76A77A78A43A122A123A69A72A73A37A74A124A125A126A127A70A104A106A73A37A87A85A85A117A90A117A88A62A92A109A64A117A63A130A128A97A70A71A68A69A72A95A73A37A77A98A96A71A99A69A129A131A74A79A80A70A114A132A133A134A135A6A82A84A82A87A85A85A62A90A136A88A62A117A92A62A136A64A136A63A139A137A138A70A105A103A71A68A69A72A73A37A74A95A25A76A43A111A71A98A99A69A72A100A101A74A140A141A70A34A35A142A143A144A87A85A85A62A90A109A88A87A86A92A87A145A64A86A63A148A146A70A71A68A69A72A73A37A74A121A95A75A76A70A114A147A149A104A150A82A82A32A87A85A85A85A90A117A88A62A87A92A62A117A64A151A63A154A155A70A71A68A69A72A73A37A74A75A76A77A98A75A76A96A71A152A74A79A80A70A104A106A153A156A87A85A85A109A62A89A92A62A136A64A145A63A159A157A158A70A105A103A71A68A69A72A73A37A160A161A26A162A43A111A71A98A99A69A72A98A131A70A165A163A164A32A28A75A43A104A106A87A85A85A89A90A117A88A86A87A92A86A109A64A62A85A63A168A166A138A70A71A68A69A72A73A37A75A76A98A75A76A96A71A152A74A79A80A70A71A68A69A72A87A85A85A136A62A109A92A62A136A64A62A62A63A94A167A70A105A103A71A68A69A72A73A37A98A111A71A99A69A100A101A74A79A80A70A171A169A42A115A87A85A85A136A90A62A87A88A117A109A92A117A89A64A62A87A173A170A70A175A103A71A68A69A72A73A37A98A96A71A98A99A69A72A75A76A74A79A80A70A104A106A73A37A43A104A106A172A73A87A85A85A117A90A145A88A151A92A14513A177A174A176A70A96A71A98A99A69A72A75A76A175A178A153A156A70A149A104A179A87A85A85A136A90A85A136A88A151A87A92A151A10914A182A180A181A180A183A184A185A186A180A187A188A189A190A184A191A192A193A194A188A187A195A70THEORYOFINTERNATIONALTRADEA702004A198A196A198A196A149A104A150A82A36A197A19915JIANGQIANGA200NEWTHEORYOFINTERNATIONALTRADEONCHINASFOREIGNTRADESTRATEGYANDITSINSPIRATIONA200CONTEMPORARYECONOMIC2008A201A202A203A204A202A205A206A207A202A205A20516A208A209A210A211A212A207A213A214A215A216A200ONTHEORYOFPROCESSINGTRADEINCHINAA217A218A212A219A220A221A222A223A212A215A222A224A225A226A224A211A221A215A220A213A227A228A212A215A222A221A220A213A229A224A211A222A230A231A215A214A232A212A221A233A214A222A234A224A225A235A224A221A212A233A222A221A234A220A215A236A237A212A238A230A215A224A213A224A216A234A227A228A230A220A215A216A233A230A220A227A239A211A215A220A215A206A202A240A240A240A206A227A228A230A214A215A220A217A203A240A240A24117LANDA217A242A200A243A200FOREIGNTRADEANDECONOMICREFORMINCHINAA244197819961992CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESS主要G1214G3132G16786G3803G2462G7460料G7261多G4198G1319G13605G134882G3282G1082文獻(xiàn)，3期G2014G7446G5547論文G708G16786G16757G709過(guò)G12255G1025G6957師的G6363G4560G4445G6502G726G6365工作G16757G2022G6203行，經(jīng)G5132與G13781師G1457G6357G13864系G708G8611G2620G16277面G980G8437G709對(duì)G16757G2022的G16840G7138G726A245畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文開題報(bào)告經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)系經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)2006級(jí)01班課題名稱國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的啟示學(xué)生姓名學(xué)號(hào)指導(dǎo)教師報(bào)告日期2010年03月25日1本課題所涉及的問(wèn)題及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀綜述A246A247A248A249A250A251A252A253A254A255A105A0A249A250A251A252A1A2A3A4A5A6A7A255A15A8A6A9A5A10A11A228A229A251A252A12A13A14A19A232A171A249A250A14A16A17A18A20A21A14A22A23A24A25A2A5A26A27A28A29A14A30A31A32A33A34A35A255A246A36A37A249A38A39A5A251A252A40A41A42A43A44A253A45A228A56A46A229A41A255A34A47A249A71A39A251A252A48A49A50A34A35A77A249A71A246A34A47A249A71A39A251A252A48A51A52A53A54A10A55A251A252A254A57A198A58A255A59A60A171A54A251A252A61A62A51A34A47A249A71A38A39A171A63A10A251A252A254A57A198A58A51A64A249A65A66A10A55A251A252A48A67A41A67A152A228A2A68A5A69A14A70A247A248A251A252A124A72A43A73A8A74A75A228A76A249A250A26A27A246A251A252A30A31A34A35A69A14A5A4A78A79A61A255A4A251A252A124A72A30A31A171A232A19A34A35A228A8A23A24A80A22A251A252A81A44A5A41A82A22A83A84A85A44A86A87A246A30A88A28A89A90A228A8A91A92A93A24A94A249A71A95A96A20A97A5A98A99A100A101A102A103A104A249A106A15A46A107A108A109A5A171A63A255A87A110A76A249A250A111A112A198A5A89A90A113A228A249A250A251A252A124A72A5A114A115A42A116A117A118A37A249A251A252A46A107A19A98A99A228A119A249A120A21A26A27A68A113A246A121A122A251A252A120A48A123A125A126A127A246A36A128A129A228A130A131A132A133A0A77A134A229A41A255A119A249A135A1A136A68A101A152A26A251A46A107A255A76A137A46A107A138A139A61A255A122A251A140A141A34A35A255A142A121A249A143A26A27A144A145A30A31A87A146A228A147A118A148A33A246A251A149A150A255A253A151A153A63A5A121A122A154A155A255A122A156A16A122A157A5A30A31A158A33A255A122A251A34A35A16A26A27A34A35A159A160A34A232A161A152A69A14A228A26A162A17A18A163A164A5A165A166A255A167A63A78A79A168A169A19A249A10A170A172A30A173A19A1A174A87A146A175A176A177A78A79A61A255A178A179A121A122A251A46A107A19A98A99A148A229A180A181A255A229A182A183A249A143A26A27A103A184A185A186A187A188A34A35A228A121A137A255A15A178A24A121A122A251A124A72A5A189A4A34A35A115A153A190A191A19A120A192A255A115A193A192A194A119A249A251A252A68A250A255A229A195A196A5A138A139A122A251A34A35A41A197A115A249A143A26A27A5A34A35A255A148A199A201A200A23A109A2A0A14A202A203A115A204A2282本課題需要重點(diǎn)研究的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題、解決的思路及實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)的可行性分析A205A206A207A208A207A208A222A104A209A210A57A211A212A213A249A250A251A252A4A124A72A121A119A249A122A251A5A214A215A228A216A50A121A249A250A251A252A124A72A5A34A35A114A115A19A119A249A122A251A34A35A246A2A217A177A190A191A255A115A193A218A1A249A250A251A252A4A124A72A121A119A249A122A251A5A219A220A38A221A16A214A215A228A223A224A225A226A225A226A227A230A231A233A234A235A236A237A238A239A240A241A242A243A244A245A247A248A249A250A251A252A254A231A255A19A98A137A250A251A75A0A1A2A3A4A5A6A76A138A7A198A241A113A8A9A245A3A100A248A249A50A237A175A10A167A140A241A141A48A98A245A247A248A249A250A251A3A118A25A9A245A3A100A248A249A252A254A76A11A82A12A56A13A228A14A15A16A17A18A16A17A18A227A142A20A32A81A57A67A21A22A23A241A9A245A61A252A254A77A24A26A27A28A57A235A248A249A245A241A3A100A144A29A30A31A23A31A33A228A78A34A3A245A247A35A36A252A254A12A248A249A250A251A76A37A98A107A114A38A77A148A157A39A19A242A9A245A76A10A40A12A150A41A23A250A42A100A248A35A36A252A254A241A77A24A52A152A43A163A153A44A228A52A155A45A46A22A23A241A230A231A3A47A49A51A53A54A55A76A58A158A241A159A59A60A62A19A63A64A65A66A12A237A238A239A240A97A76A234A132A241A68A69A3A245A247A248A249A250A251A252A254A70A25A71A72A116A244A166A73A76A72A168A241A47A49A237A169A19A63A74A79A3A9A245A248A249A252A254A175A80A1A3A83A19A248A249A250A251A76A170A41A76A244A171A84A85A86A3A68A237A76A87A88A71A89A235A90A91A228A235A58A177A21A76A58A158A71A178A92A41A245A247A248A249A47A49A250A251A23A5A6A19A93A243A94A77A98A248A249A250A251A3A9A245A100A248A76A11A82A228A95A100A241A242A96A99A76A250A42A101A179A102A241A124A103A104A105A19A106A103A19A108A109A239A240A19A110A111A180A87A97A181A112A115A117A35A231A119A5A128A120A185A121A76A241A58A187A122A54A189A251A71A89A45A49A123A248A249A250A251A12A9A245A248A249A252A254A125A190A76A54A55A38A65A66A126A191A22A241A104A106A95A124A103A117A127A129A76A241A178A130A131A194A251A237A76A195A65A133A134A2283完成本課題的工作方案2009A13512A13620A1392010A1352A13620A139A143A145A146A147A149A151A154A156A160A161A147A162A1642010A1352A13621A1393A13610A139A165A172A173A174A176A182A183A184A186A188A192A154A193A196A197A1992010A1353A13611A1394A13610A139A200A201A202A203A204A2052010A2064A20711A2084A20720A208A209A210A211A212A213A214A202A215A200A201A202A203A216A2052010A2064A20721A2085A20715A208A217A218A202A203A200A219A220A2212010A2065A20716A2085A20726A208A217A218A202A203A200A219A222A223A2212010A2065A20727A2086A2073A208A217A218A202A203A200A219A222A224A2212010A2066A2074A2086A20710A208A202A203A225A226A227A2292010A2066A20711A2086A20720A208A230A231A202A203A232A2334指導(dǎo)教師審閱意見指導(dǎo)教師簽字2010年03月28日A234A235A236本報(bào)告必須由承擔(dān)畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)課題任務(wù)的學(xué)生在畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)正式開始的第1周周五之前獨(dú)立撰寫完成，并交指導(dǎo)教師審閱。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定表學(xué)生姓名性別男學(xué)號(hào)專業(yè)班級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)0601班課題名稱國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的啟示A238A239A240A241實(shí)際應(yīng)用A242A243較難畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）時(shí)間2009A24512A24620A247A2482010A24506A24620A247指導(dǎo)教師A249A252A253A254A255A33A153A0A51A1A2A140A40A311A202A4A5A80A204A205A6A7A233A180A8A8A9A97A222A223指導(dǎo)教師意見分項(xiàng)得分開題調(diào)研論證分；課題質(zhì)量（論文內(nèi)容）分；創(chuàng)新分；論文撰寫（規(guī)范）分；學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度分；外文翻譯分指導(dǎo)教師審閱成績(jī)指導(dǎo)教師簽字2010年06月日驗(yàn)收小組意見驗(yàn)收成績(jī)驗(yàn)收教師組長(zhǎng)簽字2010年06月日評(píng)閱教師意見分項(xiàng)得分選題分；開題調(diào)研論證分；課題質(zhì)量（論文內(nèi)容）分；創(chuàng)新分；論文撰寫（規(guī)范）分；外文翻譯分評(píng)閱成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)閱教師簽字2010年06月日答辯小組意見分項(xiàng)得分準(zhǔn)備情況分；陳述情況分；回答問(wèn)題分；儀表分答辯成績(jī)答辯小組組長(zhǎng)簽字2010年06月日成績(jī)計(jì)算方法A10A11A12A13A14A1540A16A17A18A14A1520A16A19A20A14A1510A16A21A22A14A1530A16學(xué)生實(shí)得成績(jī)A23A24A25指導(dǎo)教師成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)閱成績(jī)驗(yàn)收成績(jī)答辯成績(jī)總評(píng)答辯委員會(huì)意見畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)總評(píng)成績(jī)等級(jí)學(xué)院答辯委員會(huì)主任簽字學(xué)院簽章2010年06月日備注A26A27A28A29A30A31A32A34A35A36A37A38A39目錄摘要IABSTRACTII1引言12國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論發(fā)展演變過(guò)程121從古典貿(mào)易理論到新古典貿(mào)易理論122當(dāng)代國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論23新貿(mào)易理論與傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易理論的比較分析631思想淵源分析632產(chǎn)生和利益主張分析633前提假設(shè)、分析方法分析734貿(mào)易基礎(chǔ)認(rèn)識(shí)分析74我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及問(wèn)題741我國(guó)外貿(mào)發(fā)展總體狀況742我國(guó)外貿(mào)發(fā)展存在的問(wèn)題85基于新國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論發(fā)展我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的啟示951立足現(xiàn)實(shí)，將比較優(yōu)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)化為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)952依據(jù)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易理論，重視規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)作用953培育和發(fā)展貿(mào)易的要素基礎(chǔ)1054發(fā)展高層次產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易，提高對(duì)外貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力1055進(jìn)行外貿(mào)主體結(jié)構(gòu)和市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)多元化1056大力支持戰(zhàn)略和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展及結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)1157發(fā)揮政府作用116結(jié)論11致謝13參考文獻(xiàn)14A41A42A43A44A45A46A47A48A49A41A48A50A43A44A52A53A54I摘要二戰(zhàn)后隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步和生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展，國(guó)際貿(mào)易規(guī)模越來(lái)越大，貿(mào)易的商品結(jié)構(gòu)和地區(qū)分布也發(fā)生了很大變化，以絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)論、比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論和資源稟賦理論為代表的傳統(tǒng)國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易新的變化已難以做出有力的解釋，出現(xiàn)了以競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)論、戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策理論和產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易理論等為代表的新的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論。隨著我國(guó)加入WTO，對(duì)外貿(mào)易總額和增長(zhǎng)率均高于GDP發(fā)展速度，對(duì)外開放程度日益提高，中國(guó)逐步融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)交流與合作頻繁。針對(duì)新的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境態(tài)勢(shì)，為使我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展G7368加G5191G12295、長(zhǎng)G17840，G1186G13792有G6940G6524G2172經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)G7411G1593G5259發(fā)展G15G7424G7003結(jié)合我國(guó)現(xiàn)G4466外貿(mào)經(jīng)濟(jì)G10378G1929，以G993G4448G1852競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論、國(guó)際貿(mào)易新G16213G13044論、國(guó)G4490競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)論、戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策理論和產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易論為代表的新國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易進(jìn)G15904G11752G12362與分G7524，進(jìn)G13792提出新國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展的G14521G5190G2563G12046。G1863G19202G16801G726對(duì)外貿(mào)易國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論政策G2563G12046A55A56A57A58A59A60A61A62A63A55A62A64A57A58A65A66A67IIABSTRACTAFTERWORLDWARII,THESCALEOFINTERNATIONALTRADESISGETTINGBIGGERANDBIGGERWITHSCIENCESANDTECHNOLOGYSPROGRESSANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFPRODUCTIVEFORCES,THESTRUCTUREOFGOODSTRADEANDTHELOCALDISTRIBUTIONHASALSOHADTHEVERYSWEEPINGCHANGEABSOLUTEADVANTAGETHEORY,THEORYOFCOMPARATIVEADVANTAGEANDRESOURCEENDOWMENTEHEORYASREPRESENTEDBYTRADITIONALINTERNATIONALTRADETHEORYONINTERNATIONALTRADEHADNOTEFFECTIVEEXPLANATIONSTHISNEWCHANGE,THEREHASBECOMEDETOCOMPITITIVEADVANTAGES,STRATEGICTRADEPOLICYANDTRADETHEORYASTHEREPRESENTATIVEOFTHENEWINTERNATIONALTRADETHEORYFOREIGNTRADEVOLUMEANDTHERATESAREHIGHERTHANTHERATEOFDEVELOPMENTOFGDPSINCECHINAACCESSIONTOWTO,THEOPENINGTOTHEOUTSIDEWORLDINCREASINGDEGREEENHANCESDAYBYDAY,CHINASGRADUALINTEGRATIONINTOTHEWORLDECONOMICSYSTEM,FOREIGNECONOMICEXCHANGEANDCOOPERATIONAREBECOMINGFREQUENTLYPOLYGONATUMFORTHENEWECONOMICSITUATION,TOCAUSEOURCOUNTRYFOREIGNTRADEDEVELOPMENTTOBESTEADIER,LONGTERM,BYTHEEFFECTIVEIMPETUSECONOMYLONGTERMHEALTHYDEVELOPMENT,INTHISPAPER,THEREALITYOFCHINAFOREIGNTRADEECONOMICCONDITIONS,TOIMPERFECTCOMPETITIONANDECONOMIESOFSCALEININTERNATIONALTRADETHEORY,NEWELEMENTSOFINTERNATIONALTRADETHEORY,COMPETITIVEADVANTAGEOFNATIONS,STRATEGICTRADEPOLICYANDTRADEWITHININDUSTRY,ASREPRESENTEDONTHENEWINTERNATIONALTRADETHEORYRESEARCHANDANALYSISOFCHINASFOREIGNTRADE,ANDTHENPROPOSEANEWTHEORYOFINTERNATIONALTRADEONTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASFOREIGNTRADEREVELATIONKEYWORDSFOREIGNTRADENEWTHEORYOFINTERNATIONALTRADEPOLICYIMPLICATIONSA68A69A70A71A72A73A74A75A76A68A75A77A70A71A78A79A8111引言G1186G18337商G1039G1053G14279G1182，國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論經(jīng)G17819G1972G11346G5192的發(fā)展，已G1186G7380G2033的以絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)理論、比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論、G16213G13044稟賦論等為代表的傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易理論發(fā)展G2052以競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)論、產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易論、戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策論為代表的國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論。二戰(zhàn)以來(lái)，G3324新貿(mào)易理論G6363G4560G991，發(fā)G17810國(guó)G4490加G5390了對(duì)高科技G15904業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)的G6218G6357與資G2173力度G727產(chǎn)業(yè)政策與貿(mào)易政策G11468結(jié)合，政G5232和G1237業(yè)G13864合G11752G12362開發(fā)新技術(shù)以G6915G6357G11705G16794、技術(shù)G4506G19610G3423產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，G3926G13666國(guó)政G5232國(guó)G19462G18331G17153資G2173G14334G3837G14334G12366、G1461G5699產(chǎn)業(yè)G727日G7424政G5232與G5049業(yè)G13864合G11752G12362G2334G4560體、G18337化G5049新技術(shù)等等G727G3324G256G1457G6264G5200G12270G708高科技G709G5049業(yè)論G257G991，發(fā)G17810國(guó)G4490爭(zhēng)G11468G6218G6357高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展與貿(mào)易，以G2474G5483優(yōu)勢(shì)、G14731G2474G2045益。G14270G6925G19773開放以來(lái)，我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易G2588現(xiàn)比較G3921的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)，對(duì)外交流與合作G7368加頻繁，G8503逐步融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中。G1306G7171，我國(guó)外貿(mào)中G1185G4396G3324很G3822G19394G20076。G3926G1321G19766對(duì)和G13051G17331世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展G7053G2533，G2058G4462G17878合我國(guó)國(guó)G5785的外貿(mào)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略與政策G6526G7057，增G5390我國(guó)外貿(mào)G13520合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，G5529G20047G11752G12362國(guó)際經(jīng)發(fā)展新G2172G2533和國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論G11752G12362G15406G6323G6116G7536，以G1820進(jìn)的理論來(lái)G6363G4560我國(guó)外貿(mào)的發(fā)展。G7424G7003G8503G7171G3534于以G990現(xiàn)G4466背景闡述和分G7524新國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的影響與G2563G12046。2國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論發(fā)展演變過(guò)程21從古典國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論到新古典國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論211古典國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論的探索開始于15世紀(jì)末G1427916世紀(jì)G2033，G18337點(diǎn)G3324于商業(yè)領(lǐng)域，形G6116G18337商G1039G1053學(xué)說(shuō)。G205218世紀(jì)，國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論發(fā)生深刻變化，以斯G4506與李嘉圖為代表創(chuàng)立了古典國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論。斯G4506以地域分G5049理論作為國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論G3534礎(chǔ)，創(chuàng)立絕對(duì)G2045益說(shuō)。他認(rèn)為G3324國(guó)際分G5049中，每個(gè)國(guó)G4490應(yīng)專門生產(chǎn)G14270己有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)品，并用其中一部分交換有絕對(duì)劣勢(shì)產(chǎn)品，才能有G6940的G2045用資源，G7368G3921的促進(jìn)分G5049與交換，使每個(gè)國(guó)G4490G14731G5483G7380大G2045益。其理論固有G8503確之處，G1306前提條件G7171各國(guó)都G4396G3324有別于其他國(guó)G4490的G14270然稟賦或后G3837有G2045條件。G14521一個(gè)國(guó)G4490G3324任G1321產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)G990都沒(méi)有優(yōu)勢(shì)，那么這個(gè)國(guó)G4490可否參加國(guó)際分G5049對(duì)此，李嘉圖的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)說(shuō)加以解決。比較優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)說(shuō)認(rèn)為G726一國(guó)G3324兩種商品的生產(chǎn)G990與另一國(guó)G11468比都有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，G13792另一國(guó)G3324這兩種商品G990處于劣勢(shì)，只G16213這兩種優(yōu)勢(shì)與劣勢(shì)程度G993同，兩國(guó)G1185有參與國(guó)際貿(mào)易并G1186中G14731G2045的可能。一國(guó)生產(chǎn)和出口優(yōu)勢(shì)較大的產(chǎn)品，即G256兩優(yōu)G2474其G18337G257，另一國(guó)G4490專門生產(chǎn)并出口劣勢(shì)較小的產(chǎn)品，G256兩劣G2474其輕G257，那么兩A82A83A84A85A86A87A88A89A90A82A89A91A84A85A92A93A942國(guó)G3324有G11468對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)品G990進(jìn)G15904專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易，G1185可使兩國(guó)G14731G5483增加生產(chǎn)總量，提高社會(huì)福G2045的G3921處。比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論解決了絕對(duì)G2045益說(shuō)無(wú)法回答的G19394G20076，G1306造G6116各國(guó)G3324生產(chǎn)同種產(chǎn)品G990G6116G7424差別未說(shuō)清楚。212新古典國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)G2033，G3324新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論框架之G991對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易進(jìn)G15904分G7524的新古典貿(mào)易理論隨之產(chǎn)生。赫克歇爾認(rèn)為技術(shù)差異之外，還G4396G3324其他原因決G4462各國(guó)G3324G993同產(chǎn)品G990的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)，G13792G7380G18337G16213的G7171生產(chǎn)G16213G13044稟賦G10378G1929G993同和使用G16213G13044的比例G993同，提出了建立G3324資源稟賦和生產(chǎn)G16213G13044比例G3534礎(chǔ)之G990的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論。俄林以及薩繆爾森G3324俄林的G3534礎(chǔ)G990倡G4560的G16213G13044稟賦說(shuō)G708HOS理論G709為新古典貿(mào)易理論做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)。他們認(rèn)為G726由于G993同國(guó)G4490擁有的生產(chǎn)G16213G13044G993同，一國(guó)應(yīng)該出口G4506G19610使用G7424國(guó)G11468對(duì)豐富的G16213G13044生產(chǎn)的商品，進(jìn)口G4506G19610使用G7424國(guó)G11468對(duì)稀缺的G16213G13044生產(chǎn)的商品。即G2183G2172力豐富的國(guó)G4490應(yīng)該生產(chǎn)和出口G2183G2172G4506G19610G3423商品，資G7424豐富的國(guó)G4490應(yīng)生產(chǎn)并出口資G7424G4506G19610G3423商品。此理論認(rèn)為各國(guó)的G11468對(duì)G16213G13044豐富度G252G252G16213G13044稟賦使國(guó)際貿(mào)易中各國(guó)G1867有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的G3534G7424原因和決G4462因G13044?？傊诺浜托鹿诺滟Q(mào)易理論G1186各國(guó)的G2183G2172生產(chǎn)率及資源稟賦等差異G7053G19766G6593G12046了國(guó)際貿(mào)易發(fā)展的原因、G7438理和G2045G5483。他們認(rèn)為，G3324G4448G1852競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的條件G991，G14270由貿(mào)易可以G4466現(xiàn)資源的優(yōu)化G18209G13634G727政策G1039G5364使各國(guó)提倡G14270由貿(mào)易，G7693G6466比較優(yōu)勢(shì)和資源稟賦進(jìn)G15904國(guó)際分G5049和專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，G17902G17819這種生產(chǎn)與貿(mào)易，G993G1177可以提高各國(guó)福G2045G8712G5191，使產(chǎn)量G7380大化，還可以G6925G2904各國(guó)G6922入分G18209G10378G1929。22當(dāng)代國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論二戰(zhàn)后隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和生產(chǎn)力的G993G7041發(fā)展，國(guó)際貿(mào)易的規(guī)模越來(lái)越大，國(guó)際貿(mào)易的商品結(jié)構(gòu)和地區(qū)分布也發(fā)生了很大變化G726發(fā)G17810國(guó)G4490之G19400的貿(mào)易比G18337G11468對(duì)G6205大，G2058G6116品貿(mào)易比G18337G990G2331G727G17340國(guó)G1856G2508內(nèi)部貿(mào)易越來(lái)越大等。G19766對(duì)這G1135新G5785G1929，傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論即比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論和資源稟賦說(shuō)已難以做出有力的解釋，G10317別G7171G256G18336G7126G5801G3839之G16880G257中G17828用G6249入產(chǎn)出分G7524G7053法對(duì)戰(zhàn)后G13666國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)G15904分G7524G16757G12651，G5483出與G16780G3822國(guó)G4490貿(mào)易模G5347G11468G2575合的G16213G13044稟賦論G11468G11695G11474的結(jié)論，使G5483經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)界G19675G5790之G1325G6484G17227探G16764和解釋其的G9921G9538，出現(xiàn)了G2183G2172G10099G13463說(shuō)、G1166力資G7424說(shuō)、G16213G13044G2465G2533論等學(xué)說(shuō)，G7509大的促進(jìn)了戰(zhàn)后國(guó)際分G5049和貿(mào)易理論的發(fā)展。G1820后出現(xiàn)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易新理論中影響較大的有以G991G1972種部分闡述G726（1）基于不完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)論的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論1）基于不完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論G993G4448G1852競(jìng)爭(zhēng)G5078G3342經(jīng)G5132與規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)G11468G1288出現(xiàn)，G7171G6363G4581G6980G1237業(yè)生產(chǎn)G1867有差異性的A82A83A84A85A86A87A88A89A90A82A89A91A84A85A92A93A943同G12879產(chǎn)品G5078G3342，即G3416G7041競(jìng)爭(zhēng)G5078G3342。其G4396G3324一G4462的G3416G7041因G13044，G3926G1237業(yè)的進(jìn)出G4396G3324G19568G11873，產(chǎn)品G15441G4658同G12879，G1306G4396G3324G993同G6940用以G9397G17287G9052G17165G13785的G8454G7407與G19668G8726。G5078G3342結(jié)構(gòu)G2265G6336G1259G3822生產(chǎn)G13785和G9052G17165G13785G13464G6116的G3416G7041競(jìng)爭(zhēng)G5078G3342，G4581G6980G1972G4490G11468G1126G1393G4396的G4533G3848G5078G3342和G4448G1852G3416G7041G5078G3342。G993G4448G1852競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論認(rèn)為產(chǎn)品差異G7171國(guó)際貿(mào)易的新的G3534礎(chǔ)G727國(guó)G4490之G19400規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)和G16213G13044稟賦差異越小，貿(mào)易以規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)G5353G17227的產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易為G1039，差異越大，產(chǎn)業(yè)G19400貿(mào)易G4613越G7186G14891G727G3324G3416G7041的G5078G3342結(jié)構(gòu)G991，國(guó)際貿(mào)易G2475G2052G17828G17767G6116G7424與G1863G12258G3733G3430的影響，貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)以產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易為G1039G16213對(duì)G16949。G5078G3342結(jié)構(gòu)決G4462了G15904業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)程度和貿(mào)易形G5347，因此G1393G6466國(guó)內(nèi)外G5078G3342結(jié)構(gòu)G10378G1929G2058G4462貿(mào)易政策，G3324貿(mào)易G14270由化進(jìn)程中以G7380大程度G1457G6264G1237業(yè)、國(guó)G4490G2045益。2基于規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)G2265G6336G19757態(tài)和G2172態(tài)兩種G6940應(yīng)。G19757態(tài)G6940應(yīng)表G7138，一國(guó)G1237業(yè)G14521擁有G17241G17819其國(guó)內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)G13785的規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì)，那么這種規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì)G4570G17728化為G7368G1314的G17805際G6116G7424和G7368高的G5078G3342G1233額G727G2172態(tài)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)G17902G5132發(fā)生G3324G1817G9397著技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和進(jìn)步的、G993G4448G1852競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的高科技G15904業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)。G3324G4466G17353中，G6922益G17894增G7380G18337G16213的G2172態(tài)形G5347與來(lái)源G7171G11752G12362開發(fā)和學(xué)G1076G6940應(yīng)。規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的貿(mào)易說(shuō)G7138了G5415代國(guó)際G5078G3342以G3416G7041競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和G5049業(yè)G2058品貿(mào)易為G1039的G10317G5461，G5049業(yè)品G3822G7691化使G5483任G1321一個(gè)國(guó)G4490都G993可能G11053用G7424國(guó)資源生產(chǎn)G6164有G5049業(yè)G2058品，即使同一G15904業(yè)也有進(jìn)出，貿(mào)易G12366G19400G5852加G5203G8879，為貿(mào)易發(fā)展提G1391了G7438會(huì)。同G7114，規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)G5114來(lái)的G6116G7424優(yōu)勢(shì)可以增G5390國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易理論的政策G1039G5364認(rèn)為一國(guó)G17902G17819出口G15929G17160、G1863G12258的G6526G7057，可以增G5390G7424國(guó)G1237業(yè)的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力，率G1820G6262G2356高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的G256G2058高點(diǎn)G257，G16863G2474規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)之G12879的額外G6922益，以開G6311和G14731G2474其他G5078G3342G1233額和G5049業(yè)G2045G9082，促使世界專業(yè)