1、ImNobody!我是無名之輩一EmilyDickinsonImnobody!Whoareyou?我是無名之輩！你是誰？Areyounobody,too?你也是無名之輩嗎？Thentheresapairofus-donttell!那么我們就是一對兒了！千萬不要透露出去Theydbanishus,youknow!不然我們都會被他們驅逐，你知道。Howdrearytobesomebody!做一個某某，是多么沉悶無聊Howpublic,likeafrog 眾人像是青蛙Totellyournamethelivelongday整日地把你談論啊Toanadmiringbog!對著他們傾慕的泥沼我是無名之輩

2、艾米莉狄金森我是無名之輩，你是誰？你，也是，無名之輩？這就湊成一雙，別聲張！你知道，他們會大肆張揚！做個，顯要人物，好不無聊!像個青蛙，向仰慕的泥沼-在整個六月，把個人的姓名聒噪一一何等招搖！ThispoemisDickinsonsmostfamousandmostdefenseofthekindofspiritualprivacyshefavored,implyingthattobeaNobodyisaluxuryincomprehensibletoadrearysomebodyfortheyaretoobusykeepingtheirnamesincirculation.Buttobeso

3、mebodyisnotasfancyasitseemstobe.EmilyDickinsonAsyouprobablynoticedwhenyoureadthispoem,noneofthethemesthatIdiscussedintheOverviewofDickinsonappliestothispoem.MylistwasnotmeanttocovereverytopicDickinsonwroteon,nordoeseverypoemshewrotefitneatlyintoacategory.Dickinsonadoptsthepersonaofachildwhoisopen,na

4、ive,andinnocent.However,arethequestionsaskedandthefinalstatementmadebythispoemnaive?Iftheyarenot,thenthepoemisironicbecauseofthediscrepancybetweenthepersonasunderstandingandviewandthoseofDickinsonandthereader.Undertheguiseofthechildsacceptingsocietysvalues,isDickinsonreallyrejectingthosevalues?IsDic

5、kinsonsuggestingthatthetruesomebodyisreallythenobody?Thechild-speakerwelcomesthepersonwhohonestlyidentifiesherselfandwhohasatrueidentity.Thesequalitiesmakethatpersonnobodyinsocietyseyes.Tobesomebodyistohavestatusinsociety;society,themajority,excludesorrejectsthosewholackstatusorarenobody-thatis,they

6、dbanishusforbeingnobody.Instanza2,thechild-speakerrejectstheroleofsomebody(Howdreary).Thefrogcomparisondepictssomebodyasself-importantandconstantlyself-promoting.Shealsoshowsthefalsevaluesofasociety(theadmiringbog)whichapprovesthefrog-somebody.Doesthewordbog(itmeanswet,spongyground)havepositiveorneg

7、ativeconnotations?Whatqualitiesareassociatedwiththesoundsafrogmakes(croaking)?Istheresatireinthispoem?Somereaders,whoaremodestandself-effacingorwholackconfidence,feelvalidatedbythispoem.Why?ToMakeaPrairieTomakeaprairieIttakesacloverandonebee,Onecloverandabee,Andrevery.Reveryalonewilldo,Ifbeesarefew.

8、去造一個草原張祈試譯去造一個草原需要一株三葉草和一只蜜蜂,一株三葉草和一只蜜蜂，還有夢。如果蜜蜂不多，單靠夢也行。Dickinsonstinypoemmakesahugestatementaboutthenatureofmusing,day-dreaming,orassheputsit,revery.AnalysisThislittlepoemexpressesDickinsonscontinuingloveaffairwiththespirituallevelofbeing.Shebeginsbyclaimingthattomakeaphysicallylargeitem,“aprairie

9、,alloneneedsistwosmallphysicalitems,“acloverandonebee.”Thenshequalifiesthatbysaying,“Oneclover,andabee/Andrevery”;thenshequalifiesthatclaimfurther,bysayingifyoudontnaveoneofthosephysicalcomponents,“bees,(andbyimplication,thecloveraslWehenyoucanstillmaketheprairiebyreveryalone.Reverymeansdream,though

10、t,extendedconcentrationonanysubject,orevenday-dreamingwhereinthemindisallowedtoroamfreeoverthelandscapeofunlimitedexpansion,buttothespeakerinthispoem,“revery”ismorelikemeditationwhichresultsinatruevision.Thespeakersowerofreverydemonstratesanadvancedachievement,farbeyondordinaryday-dreamingorcogitati

11、on.Ultimately,thisspeakerisclaimingthatwithoutanyphysicalobjectsatall,themindofoneadvancedintheartofreverycanproduceanyobjectthatminddesires.3)SuccessIsCountedSweetest 成功的含義Successiscountedsweetest 從未成功的人們Bythosewhoneersucceed.最懂得成功的甜美.Tocomprehendanectar 惟有極度的渴求 Requiressorestneed.方能體會甘露的滋味.Notoneo

12、fallthepurplehost 身穿紫服的王者之師Whotooktheflagtoday 今日雖高揚凱旗，Cantellthedefinition,卻無一人能把勝利的含義Soclear,ofvictory,說清道明.Ashe,defeated,dying,戰(zhàn)敗者奄奄一息，Onwhoseforbiddenear 凱樂在遠處奏響，Thedistantstrainsoftriumph 沖破阻隔，飛到他的耳際Break,agonizedandclear.悲痛而噴亮.AcommonideainDickinsonspoemsisthatnothavingincreasesourappreciation

13、orenjoymentofwhatwelack;thepersonwholacksordoesnothaveunderstandswhateverislackingbetterthanthepersonwhopossessesit.Inthispoem,theloserknowsthemeaningdefinitionofvictorybetterthanthewinners.Theimplicationisthathehaswonthisknowledgebypayingsohighaprice,withtheanguishofdefeatandwithhisdeath.Instanzaon

14、e,sherepeatsthessoundand,toalesserdegree,n.Whydoessheusethisalliteration?i.e.,arethewordssignificant?Sorestisusedwiththeoldermeaningofgreatest,butcanitalsohavethemorecommonmeaning?Whataretheassociationsofnectar-good,bad,indifferent?Doesnectarpickupanywordinthefirstline?Instanzatwo,purpleconnotesroya

15、lty;therobesofkingsandemperorsweredyedpurple.Itisalsothecolorofblood.Aretheseconnotationsappropriatetothepoem?Inabattle,whatdoesaflagrepresent?Whyisvictorydescribedintermsoftakingthelosingsidesflag?Instanzathree,whatwordsareconnectedbydsoundsandbyssounds?Isthereanyreasonforconnectingoremphasizingthe

16、sewords?Dickinsoniscompressinglanguageandomittingconnectionsinthelastthreelines.Thedyingmansearsarenotforbidden;rather,thesoundsoftriumphareforbiddentohimbecausehissidelostthebattle.Thetriumphantsoundsthathehearsarenotagonized,thoughtheyarecleartohim;rather,heisagonizedathearingtheclearsoundsoftrium

17、phoftheotherside.Theyaredistantliterallyinbeingfaroffandmetaphoricallyinnotbeingpartofhisexperience;defeatistheoppositeofordistantfromvictory.Successiscountedsweetest.SummaryThespeakersaysthatthosewhoneersucceedplacethehighestvalueonsuccess.(Theycountitsweetest.)Tounderstandthevalueofanectar,thespea

18、kersays,onemustfeelsorestneed.Shesaysthatthemembersofthevictoriousarmy(thepurpleHost/Whotooktheflagtoday)arenotabletodefinevictoryaswellasthedefeated,dyingmanwhohearsfromadistancethemusicofthevictors.Thethreestanzasofthispoemtaketheformofiambictrimeter-withtheexceptionofthefirsttwolinesofthesecondst

19、anza,whichaddafourthstressattheendoftheline.(VirtuallyallofDickinsonspoemsarewritteninaniambicmeterthatfluctuatesfluidlybetweenthreeandfourstresses.)AsinmostofDickinsonspoems,thestanzashererhymeaccordingtoanABCBscheme,sothatthesecondandfourthlinesineachstanzaconstitutethestanzasonlyrhyme.CommentaryM

20、anyofEmilyDickinsonsmostfamouslyricstaketheformofhomilies,orshortmoralsayings,whichappearquitesimplebutthatactuallydescribecomplicatedmoralandpsychologicaltruths.Successiscountedsweetestissuchapoem;itsfirsttwolinesexpressitshomileticpoint,thatSuccessiscountedsweetest/Bythosewhoneersucceed(or,moregen

21、erally,thatpeopletendtodesirethingsmoreacutelywhentheydonothavethem).Thesubsequentlinesthendevelopthataxiomatictruthbyofferingapairofimagesthatexemplifyit:thenectar-asymboloftriumph,luxury,success-canbestbecomprehendedbysomeonewhoneedsit;thedefeated,dyingmanunderstandsvictorymoreclearlythanthevictor

22、iousarmydoes.ThepoemexhibitsDickinsonskeenawarenessofthecomplicatedtruthsofhumandesire(inalaterpoemonasimilartheme,shewrotethatHunger-wasaway/OfPersonsoutsideWindows-/TheEntering-takesaway-),anditshowsthebeginningsofherterse,compactedstyle,wherebycomplicatedmeaningsarecompressedintoextremelyshortphr

23、ases(e.g.,Onwhoseforbiddenear).ThemeofSuccessIsCountedSweetestSuccessIsCountedSweetestbyEmilyDickinsonbasicallysendsthemessagethatsuccess,likeanyotherpossessiontangibleorintangible,isonlyappreciatedbythosewhomitisnotalwaysreadilyavailable.Thethemeofthepoemisthatonlythosewhohavenotbeensuccessfulthink

24、thatsuccessissoimportant.Theloseristheonewhocontinuestocravesuccessasthewinnerfadesintoaneutralstateofemotion.Dickinsonclearlystatesthismessageandimpliesitthroughoutthepoem,andusesrhyme,imagery,andironytoincorporatethethemethattheonewhothirstforsuccessistheonewhoneversucceeds.Therhythmicpatternmakes

25、thepoemflowtogether,usingtherhymeschemeABCBintheshort,threestanzas,likeasong.Thistypicalrhymingschemegivesalightaffecttothepoem;creatingthefeelingofsimplenessandachievingthefeelingthatthemessageisnotburieddeepinthepoemslinesandiseasytocomprehend.Inthefirststanza,thespeakerdeclaresthatitisonlythosewh

26、oneersucceedwhohavethenotionthatsuccessisthebestthing.“Anectar”metaphoricallyrepresentsthethingthatisdesired.Nectarisanythingthatissweet.Emilyalsousesimagrytodevelophermessage.Inthesecondstanza,thespeakerdramatizesafieldvictory,sayingthatthewinnerscannotclearlystateadefinitionofvictory.Thestanzapaintsapictureofthevictorinthewar,butthevictordoesnotunderstandtothefullextentwhathisvictoryis,andjustcountsitasvictory.Inthethirdstanza,thedefeated,however,isinagonyandknowshowpowerfulsuccessisandwhataffectithas.Dickinsonalsoimpliesiro