1、外資零售企業(yè)論文：制度與企業(yè)資源對網絡策略的影響【中文摘要】自從2001年中國加入WTO,中國逐漸對外資開放,大量的外資零售企業(yè)進入中國并且發(fā)展迅速,在中國的零售市場上占有很重要的地位,中國的許多零售企業(yè)爭相學習外資零售企業(yè)的經營模式和高標準高效率,試圖改善自己的無效率結構。但是外資零售企業(yè)在中國的發(fā)展也并不是一帆風順的,在許多跨國零售企業(yè)在中國急速擴張的過程中,許多外資零售企業(yè)也紛紛退出中國市場。這是由于隨著中國經濟的快速發(fā)展,中國市場已經成為全球投資者的投資首選,中國政府對于這一現象制定了很多相關的政策。同時,外資零售企業(yè)進入中國市場,在不同時期擁有不同程度的企業(yè)資源,而許多跨國零售企業(yè)并

2、沒有隨著制度的變化改變經營策略,或是沒有處理好制度變化與企業(yè)擁有資源的關系,就導致了不能游刃有余地在中國零售市場發(fā)展。社會制度和企業(yè)資源限制或者推動著外資零售企業(yè)在華的發(fā)展,從以往資料和案例可以看出,如果不能有效地利用這兩個方面,或是不能有效地處理好這兩方面的關系,外資零售企業(yè)將會面臨著水土不服的境況,即在中國的本上化失敗。目前在零害國際化的研究領域,已經開始有學者將社會網絡理論、制度理論、資源基礎理論引入進來,試圖從多個角度解釋零售企業(yè)的行為,并幫助跨國零售企業(yè)更好的實施本上化戰(zhàn)略。本文應用了制度理論在零售國際化的研究中,認同制度的支持面與壓力面共存,將制度看成是富有彈性的社會結構,可以通過

3、社會慣例、社會網絡關系來傳達。同時將資源基礎理論與制度理論結合起來,觀察外資零售企業(yè)在擁有不同程度企業(yè)資源時如何選擇網絡策略。制度和資源兩個變量可以單方面作用于企業(yè)的網絡策略,也可以雙方面共同產生作用。企業(yè)在所面臨的社會制度產生變化的時候,可以通過改變組織內部資源的使用方式,來應變制度的影響,也許這種改變會使得組織無效率,但是可以使組織無壓力的生存,這樣兩個維度就共同產生變化來作用于企業(yè)的網絡策略。本文認為企業(yè)通過將制度與資源的有效配合可以利用社會制度促進企業(yè)發(fā)展。本文通過選取三個典型的在華外資零售企業(yè)：家樂福、沃爾瑪、樂購,借助資源基礎理論、社會網絡理論和制度理論,來解釋制度與企業(yè)資源對外資

4、零售企業(yè)網絡策略的影響,并詳細論證了這三個變量之間的關系,在文章的第五部分結合個案分析,得出三個理論命題：P1：中國的制度影響外資零售企業(yè)為了尋求正當性而建立不同的網絡策略：P2：在華外資零售企業(yè)會根據擁有的資源程度的不同,選擇不同的網絡策略；P3：在制度環(huán)境變化的情況下,在華外資零售企業(yè)所擁有的企業(yè)資源不同選擇的網絡策略也不同。【英文摘要】Since 2001, China enters into WTO, China gradually opened to the world, a large number of foreign retail enterprises come into C

5、hina, and developed in Chinas retail market quickly, occupied a very important position. Many of Chinas retail enterprise scramble to learn the foreign retail enterprises management mode and high standard, try to improve their efficiency structure. But the foreign retail enterprises in Chinas develo

6、pment are not proceed smoothly without a hitch, in the process of Chinas rapid expansion of many transnational retail enterprises, many foreign retailers also moved out of the China market. This is because as the rapid development of Chinas economy, the Chinese market has become the first choice of

7、global investors, the Chinese government established many related policy for this phenomenon. At the same time, the foreign retail enterprises that enter the Chinese market in different period have different degrees of enterprise resources, and many transnational retail enterprises does not change o

8、peration strategy with the change of the systems, or not dealing good with the relationship between system changes and the enterprise resources, these cause some transnational retail enterprises cant swim the room in Chinas retail market. Social system and enterprise resources constraint or push the

9、 foreign retail enterprises development in China, from the previous information and cases we can see, if one cant effectively use these two respects, or cant effectively deal with the relationship between the two aspects, it will be faced with the circumstances of inclination, it means the failure o

10、f localization.At present in the study of the retail internationalization field, scholars has begun to introduce the social network theory, system theory, resources foundation theory in, trying to explain the behavior of the retail enterprises from multiple perspectives, and help multinational retai

11、l enterprises operate localization strategies better. This paper applies the system theory in retail internationalization study, identity system support side and pressure side can coexist, take the system as elastic social structure, and can convey through social practice and social networks. At the

12、 same time, combined the system theory and resources foundation theory, observe the foreign retail enterprises how to choose the network strategy in different degrees of enterprise resources. System and resources two variables can unilaterally acting on enterprises strategy, and they can effect toge

13、ther on strategy. When enterprises confront social system changes, can change the way of the use of the internal resources to strain the influence. Maybe the change would make organization without efficiency, but at least can survive without pressure, so the two dimensions can influence enterprises

14、network strategy together. This paper argues that the enterprise through co-operate the system and resources effectively can use the social system to promote the development of the enterprise.This article through selects three typical foreign retail enterprises in China: Carrefour, Wal-Mart, Tesco,

15、with the resource foundation theory, social network theory and system theory, to explain the effects of system and enterprise resources on the foreign retail enterprisesnetwork strategy, and detailed proves the relationship between three variables. In the fifth part of this article, combined with ca

16、ses analysis, draw three theoretical propositions:P1:Chinas system influence the foreign retail enterprises set up different network strategy in order to seek justice;P2:the Chinese foreign retail enterprises will choose different network strategy according to the different resources degrees; P3:in

17、the condition of system environment change, the Chinese foreign retail enterprises have different enterprise resources will lead to different choices in the network strategy.【關鍵詞】外資零售企業(yè) 網絡策略 制度 企業(yè)資源【英文關鍵詞】The foreign retail enterprise the network strategy system enterprise resources【備注】索購全文在線加好友：139

18、93.8848 同時提供論文寫作和論文發(fā)表優(yōu)質滿意服務本文為學術文獻總庫合作提供，無涉版權。作者如有異議請與總庫或學校聯(lián)系?！灸夸洝恐贫扰c企業(yè)資源對網絡策略的影響摘要2-4Abstract4-51 研究背景及研究意義8-161.1 研究背景8-91.2 理論意義91.3 實用意義9-101.4 國內零售業(yè)概況10-111.5 制度環(huán)境11-162 理論基礎和文獻回顧16-272.1 制度理論16-182.1.1 制度的定義16-172.1.2 制度的內容17-182.1.3 制度如何影響組織182.2 資源基礎理論18-222.2.1 理論發(fā)展和演變18-212.2.2 公司資源定義和內涵21-222.2.3 公司資源與網絡策略的關系222.3 社會網絡理論22-242.3.1 社會網絡的定義232.3.2 社會網絡的內容23-242.4 網絡策略24-272.4.1 網絡策略的形成242.4.2 網絡策略的類型24-273 研究方法27-313.1 研究思路27-293.2 資料來源293.3 案例選擇標準29-303.4 變量定義30-314 案例分析31-444.1 案例簡介31-344.1.1 家樂福31-324.1.2 沃爾瑪32-334.1.3 樂購33-344.2 社會制度