1、山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文文獻、資料題目：network文獻、資料來源：期刊（著作、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等）：（）日期：2000.3.25熱能文獻、資料院專班姓學（部）：業(yè)： 級： 名： 號：熱能與動力工程熱動 093吳璐松2009031293指導教師：翻譯日期：錢煥群2013.6.28Applicationand examples ofheat pipe山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文外文文獻：Application and examples of heat pipe networkIn north China currently use central heating mean

2、s for heating in winter. Thermal power plant through the city high temperature hot water heating pipe to the residentialcommu, enterprises in the heat exchange station. In the heat exchange station, heatpipe) (hereinafter referred to as a network of hot water and into the bedroom radiator (hereinaft

3、er referred to as the secondary network) hot water heat exchange by heat exchanger. After heat exchange, the secondary network of hot water into the bedroom. In the above process, heating dispatching departments need to distributed in different location in the heat exchange station parameters such a

4、s temperature, pressure, flow, liquid level centralized real-time monitoring, and control the operation of the equipment during the heat exchange station. At the same time, according to the from field monitoring to the running parameters of heat exchange station, regulation of thermal power plant op

5、eration, ensure the stability of the heating in winter operation. In the existing heating power station operation management is still in the stage of manual operation, affected the central heating superiority into full play. Mainly reflects in: lack of comprehensive parameters measurements, difficul

6、t to determine the analysis of operation condition of system; Disorder is difficult to eliminate system running, the cause uneven and users; Heating parameters failed to run at the best condition, heating load and heat requirement does not match; The run data is not complete, difficult to realize qu

7、antitative management. Do a good job in urban central heating project, must want to comprehensively improve the level of heating technology.Therefore, establishing the automatic monitoring system based on GPRSwireless network, to realize the remote flow, temperature, pressure measurement,collection

8、and transmission, makes the worknel and users will be able to sitecan view real-time monitoring measurement data, and the emergency (flow rate and temperature is not stable, leakage, etc.) in a timely manner to make correspondingprocessing.- 1 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文At the same time, this system also provi

9、des the function of themessage report, intelligent remote measurement and control terminals cshortly tosend information in the form of a short message to the staff wear on mobile phone, which will monitor the network topology to every corner of the city. System can effectively improve the automation

10、 level of heating system, and can greatly improve the management level of heating industry. Automatic control of heating engineering to ensure high quality heating, heating system running safety, economy, energy saving, environmental protection plays a very important role.One, system solutionsThe wh

11、ole system is divided into three parts according to the project requirements:, part of field data acquisition unit, real time will flow, pressure, temperature data acquisition in the intelligent remote measurement and control terminals, such as the scene of the implementation according to the real-t

12、ime data to collect automatic alarm, and prevent the happening of the accident; And by the intelligent remote measurement and controlEnd the data with the method of active or passive sent to the monitoring center;, the second part is the monitoring center, it realize the data receiving, storage, dis

13、play, data request and curve, report print and so on information management work and special circumstances monitoring center early warning, and through the client software to provide convenient access to real-time and historical data;Early warning system, the last part is a short information, the sh

14、ort message warning hardware is still based on the field of intelligent remote measurement and control terminals, through programming can be realized in the system detects that thebad state, automatic alarm information in the form of mobile phone short messagesent to the management of the mobile pho

15、ne, make managementnel tounderstand to the scene of the adverse conditions, which provide information assurance for safety production. Field flow, temperature, pressure and other real-time data sampling and send all done through intelligent remote control terminal GPRSRTU, connect field sensor GPRS

16、RTU analog acquisition interface, realize the- 2 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文collection of data. Data collected in GPRSRTU, after a data package, using GPRS RTU of GPRS wireless communication module sends the data to the remote monitoring center server, independent IP address on the Internet, should be used in

17、the monitoring center server in order to accurate measurement and control terminals on the transmission of data to the specified fixed IP, and the server is equipped with monitoring andcontrolling the server software and database, the received data storage, analysis and display. Computer information

18、 management system adopts B/S structure,due to the need for information security, scientific management, to have a data accessneeds of departments ornel configuration monitoring andcontrolling dataaccess account, through the way of user authentication to access view and configure the monitoring to t

19、he field data in real time. In-situ test data through the GPRS RTU,on the other hand, internal procedure set can be directly sent to the relevantmanagementnel mobile phone, through the way of the active realization of thepurpose of reporting adverse site conditions anytime and anywhere. 1, Shanghai

20、ZhanFo GPRS tt&c RTU product introduction(1), the basic principle:Through RS - 485 bus will digital sensors (or sensor), the analog output is an organic whole repeatedly with the wireless intelligent measurement and control terminals, a monitoring unit at the scene. Wireless measurement and cont

21、rol terminals: built-inCPUmodule,datastoragemodule,controlmodule,GPRS/CDMAdatacommunication module. Can live access multi-channel analog, switch, relay signals and data, and then directly through the GPRS wireless module will on-site data connection with a remote control center, will collect data re

22、al-time transmission to the remote database server, and stored in the database. Through the system, even in long distance away from the observation on site, can also be easily for a variety of environmental factors such as flow, pressure, etc. Read data collection, truly realized the function of rem

23、ote monitoring and data sharing. In addition to the remote data acquisition, real-time monitoring, the system can realize remote phone alarm, and through the user mobile phone remote control field device.(2), the function and characteristics:- 3 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文 with industrial design, anti-interfer

24、ence ability is strong; choose high-quality industrial-grade components; After a long time, before they leave the factory aging;, the use of advanced power technology, power to adapt to a wide range, improve the stability of the equipment; adapt to the harsh electromagnetic environment, and its stab

25、le operation; Embedded in the PPP and TCP/IP protocol stack; support PPP, UDP, TCP, HTTP, FTP, DNS and other agreements; support public fixed IP address addressing; support mobile operatorsprivate network specified IP address; has the function of dynamic domain name resolution (DNS), support dynamic

26、 IP addressing of data center; support the IP address of the receiving data legitimacy certification;Strong ability in data throughput, provide two-way for user data, asymmetric, real-time full-duplex transparent transmission channel; basic configuration 64 k bytes data cache area (extension); have

27、system self-diagnosis function; have network status monitoring function; a hardware watchdog, to guarantee the DTU reliability; After power on, automatic dialing online; referrals self-restore function; working parameters power lost forever; data terminal online forever;, high and low temperature pe

28、rformance, to adapt to the harsh conditions of the application requirements;4 road 10 AD data acquisition, can be directly with the user of 0 to 5 v or 4 to 20 ma transmitter is connected; 2 road, photoelectric isolation remote control; 2 road photoelectric isolating switch quantity remote communica

29、tion; compatible with MODBUS protocol;- 4 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文(3), the remote monitoring center is introducedMonitoring center needs configuration information management software, its main function is to receive, store, display the data from the terminal, and achieve some data analysis function, at the

30、same time, can accept according to the data, automatic analysis of complete automatic warning function. Software adopts B/S structure, its characteristic is to use Web Enable technology USES the Internet wan will information sharing network to expand to the largest scope, make leadership or staff, u

31、se a laptop at home or in the field of wireless Internet access can also be convenient when information query to the site work. Remote measurement and control system software is the core of the data collection center, is mainly used to receive data fromeach test site and sorting, preservation, may a

32、t any time of historical data query,statistics and generate reports. At the same time pron site configuration function(such as add, delete, modify, etc.). Through it, we can timely understanding of the situation and change tendency of each check point to provide reliable data for related department.

33、Software features:, generality is strong, can apply to GMS, different communication methods such as GPRS, wireless private network data remote measurement and control system;, complete functions, user management, site configuration, data acquisition, storage, query, statistics, print, and other func

34、tions in one body;A, friendly interface, the electronic map matching dynamic sites icon, rendering, and animation makes the interface, vivid, image. Data query and statistics at the same time provides a variety of curve, data form and style clear, intuitive;B, flexible configuration, the system supp

35、orts multiple areas, units and site, the user can according to need to add, remove, or replace electronic map, to add/delete/modify region, unit, site;C, a network share, the system development based on B/S structure, using SQL Server database system, each department can have the client program for

36、data query, statistics, print, etc.;D, strong security, use the "operator", "admin", "steward" level 3 permissions, and- 5 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文match with the password, respectively different permissions to the operation of the system has a different scope;E, easy to learn a

37、nd easy to use, the software design people-oriented, fully considered for the user. Humanized interface is easy to understand, classify convenient toolbar and everywhere, that new users can quickly master the use of the software; The system software functionA, real-time data transmission, online upl

38、oad transmission mode is divided into active and passive upload;B, the local parameters Settings and alarm display; C, remote control and remote parameter setting; D, data backup and query;E and intuitive electronic map function; F, generate history curves and reports; G, remote alarm functions;H, m

39、ulti-user login and password management;Second, the heat-supply function of computer monitoring and management system Heat supply network monitoring system of remote measurement according to the function can be divided into two parts: monitoring and control center (MCC), local (LCM). Monitoring and

40、control center (MCC), relative to the network management stations (LCM) relative to the heat exchange station local station. Monitoring and control center (MCC) between the local station (LCM) and USES the GPRS/CDMA wireless network mode for data transmission.1, the main functions of the monitoring

41、and control center (MCC) :A, entire network monitoring: the online monitor the entire network operation condition and the specific parameters, data and field sync, and digital, trend charts, tables, bar chart, etc way to display data.B. Warning: for all kinds of failure, accident, alarm parameters o

42、verrun.C. data storage: storage, real-time data and alarm information data every 5 minutes into historical database, can call at any time, retrieve, query, print reference for analysis.- 6 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文D. statements print: can print class, day, month, year production report, run trend chart. The

43、characteristics of the systemE, and realizes remote meter reading, improve staff work efficiency, reduce labor intensityF, to obtain the flow field acquisition terminal and natural concentration field production data, through the GPRS communication mode is controlled timely sending data to the monit

44、oring host, has realized the remote meter reading, manual meter reading, greatly improve the work efficiency, reduces the labor intensity.G, poor real-time monitoring and management, data analysis and processing, can understand company lose poor situation in time, timely find lose differences, often

45、 reduce the firm's economic loss.H, user gas anomaly analysis function, through the historical data analysis and comparison of gas users, the users can timely found gas anomalies, the first time found stolen gas, leakage, instrument damage, etc., to reduce economic losses. Figure 8 abnormal gas

46、analysis for the user interface.2, 0000000 local station (LCM) of the main functionLCM is refers to the heat exchange station. LCM is free, fully functional intelligent unit, by GFSCK32 - G GPRS intelligent remote measurement and control terminals and the display device, data acquisition and instrum

47、ent sensors, these units installed in different types of heating power station.LCM function is as follows:A. field data acquisition, data processing, data display, traffic will be accumulated. To changes in temperature, pressure, flow rate, heat load parameters such as on-site monitoring control.B.

48、local independently adjust, closed loop control. For example can make use of collected on-site outdoor temperature control water temperature or any water supply temperature setting.C. independently open loop control, interlock control. Can be arbitrarily set electric control valve opening to control

49、 heat supply temperature.D. equipped with the necessary software and hardware and man-machine interface,- 7 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文can be set in a scene, modifying parameters, cancontrol level.ize heat exchange stationE. set up all kinds of alarm parameters and alarm processing and alarm.F. upload the moni

50、toring center through GPRS way of computer data and acceptance monitoring center computer instruction, complete control tasksG. throughshort information report to the management active scene real-timetraffic, to achieve the objective of the adverse circumstance timely warning. Third, theThe scheme i

51、mplements the heat-exchange station centralized monitoring, control operation parameters, compared with the old system, can reduce the maintenance staff, a lot of part of the heat exchange station also implements the unattended, improve enterprise economic benefits. Compared with using traditional r

52、adio stations, the scheme has better anti-jamming (especially in a city), data transmission security. Believe this kind of remote monitoring solutions in urban pipe network, heat supply network, oil, earthquake detection, power and so on some broader application in thewireless remote data monitoring

53、.- 8 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文中文譯文：熱力的應(yīng)用與實例我國北方地區(qū)冬季目前普遍采用集中供暖方式進行供熱。熱電廠通過城市高溫供熱管道將熱水送至各居民小區(qū)、企業(yè)中的換熱站。在換熱站，高溫管道（以下簡稱一次網(wǎng)）中的熱水與進居室暖氣片（以下簡稱二次網(wǎng)）的熱水通過換熱器交換熱量。經(jīng)過換熱后，二次網(wǎng)中熱水流入各居室中。在以上過程中，供熱調(diào)度部門需要對分散在不同地理位置換熱站中溫度、壓力、流量、液位等參數(shù)集中實時監(jiān)視，換熱站中各設(shè)備的運行。同時，根據(jù)從現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測到的各換熱站運行參數(shù)，調(diào)節(jié)熱電廠運行工況，保證冬季整個供暖的穩(wěn)定運行。我國現(xiàn)行熱力站運行管理仍處于手工操作階段，影響了集中供熱優(yōu)越性的充

54、分發(fā)揮。主要反映在：缺少全面的參數(shù)測量，無法對運行工況進行系統(tǒng)的分析；系統(tǒng)運行工況失調(diào)難以消除，造成用戶冷熱不均；供熱參數(shù)未能在最佳工況下運行，供熱量與需熱量不匹配；運行數(shù)據(jù)不全，難以實現(xiàn)量化管理。搞好城市集中供熱工程，必須要全面提高供熱技術(shù)水平。因此，建立基于 GPRS 無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的自動系統(tǒng)，來實現(xiàn)流量、溫度、的計量、與傳輸，使和用戶能夠不到現(xiàn)場即可實時查看監(jiān)測點的計量數(shù)據(jù)，并對突況（流量及溫度不穩(wěn)定，漏氣等）及時做出相應(yīng)的處理。同時，本系統(tǒng)還提供了短消息匯報的功能，智能測控終端能夠及時將信息以短消息的方式到隨身佩帶的移動上，從而將網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲到城市的每一個角落。系統(tǒng)可以有效提高供熱系統(tǒng)的自動化水

55、平，并且能很大程度上提高供熱行業(yè)的管理水平。供熱工程中的自動對于保證供熱系統(tǒng)優(yōu)質(zhì)供熱、安全運行、節(jié)能、環(huán)境保護具有十分重要的作用。一、系統(tǒng)方案根據(jù)項目需求情況整個系統(tǒng)被分成三大部分:·一部分是現(xiàn)場裝置，實時將現(xiàn)場流量、溫度等到智能測控終端內(nèi)，根據(jù)實時數(shù)據(jù)實現(xiàn)點現(xiàn)場的自動，防止事故的發(fā)生；并且由智能測控- 9 -山東大學畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻及譯文終端將數(shù)據(jù)采用主動或的方式到中心；·第二部分是中心，它實現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)的接收、顯示、數(shù)據(jù)請求以及曲線顯示、報表打印輸出等信息管理工作和進行特殊情況的中心以及通過客戶端軟件方便地實時和歷史數(shù)據(jù)；·最后一部分是息系統(tǒng)，該息硬件仍以現(xiàn)場智能

56、測控終端為基礎(chǔ)，通過編程可實現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)檢測到不良狀態(tài)時，自動以息的方式將到管理的移動上,使管理及時了解到現(xiàn)場的不良狀況，從而為安全生產(chǎn)作業(yè)提供信息保證?，F(xiàn)場流量、溫度、等數(shù)據(jù)實時和都通過智能測控終端 GPRS RTU 來完成，將現(xiàn)場傳感器連接 GPRS RTU的模擬量接口，實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的。到 GPRSRTU 中后，經(jīng)過數(shù)據(jù)打包，再利用 GPRS RTU 的 GPRS 無線通訊模塊將數(shù)據(jù)到遠端的中心服務(wù)器上，中心服務(wù)器須采用IP 地址上網(wǎng)，以便測控終端準確將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)街付ǖ墓潭?IP 上，且服務(wù)器上裝有熱網(wǎng)服務(wù)器端軟件及數(shù)據(jù)庫，對接收的數(shù)據(jù)進行、分析、顯示。上位機信息管理系統(tǒng)采用 B/S 結(jié)構(gòu)，出于對信息安全、科學管理的需要，給有數(shù)據(jù)需求的部門或配置熱網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)訪問帳號，通過用戶驗證的方式實時查看并配置監(jiān)測到的現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)。另一方面，現(xiàn)場檢測的數(shù)據(jù)通過 GPRS RTU 內(nèi)部的程序設(shè)定可以直接到相關(guān)管理的移動上，通過這種主動的方式實現(xiàn)隨時隨地匯報現(xiàn)場不良情況的目的。1、上海詹佛斯 GPRS 測控 RTU介紹（1）、基本原理:通過 RS485 總線將數(shù)字傳感器（也可采用模擬輸出傳感器）與無線智能測控終端連為一體，現(xiàn)場單元。無線測控終端內(nèi)置：CPU 模塊、數(shù)據(jù)模塊、模塊、GPRS/CDMA 數(shù)據(jù)通信模塊。可現(xiàn)場接入多路模擬量、開關(guān)量、繼電器信號等數(shù)