1、Unit 23The most obvious trend in the direction of mechatronic innovation can be observed in the automobile industry. There was a time when a car wasprimarily a mechanical marvel with a few electronic appendages. 在機(jī)電一體化改革方向最明顯的趨勢(shì)可以在汽車行業(yè)觀察到。曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間,汽車主要是一個(gè)有幾個(gè)電子附件組成的機(jī)械奇跡。A recent U.S. Department of com

2、merce report entitled “JTECH Panel report on Mechatronics in Ja pan” compared U.S. and Japanese research and development trends in specific areas of mechatro nics technology. Except for a few areas, the technology necessary to accomplish the development of the next generation of systems embodying th

3、e principles of mechatronics is fully within the te chnological reach of the Japanese.最近美國(guó)商務(wù)部的報(bào)告題為“JTECH小組報(bào)告日本的機(jī)電一體化“相比美國(guó)和日本在特定領(lǐng)域的機(jī)電一體化技術(shù)的研究和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。除了少數(shù)地區(qū),開發(fā)下一代系統(tǒng)需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新技術(shù)體現(xiàn)機(jī)電一體化的原則上是必須在其技術(shù)達(dá)到的日本的程度Unit 24Unit 25First, a robot is a “reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator.”In this phrase RIA tells us t

4、hat a robot can be taught (reprogrammed to do more than one job by changing the information store d in its memory. A robot can be reprogrammed to load and unload machines, weld, and do many other jobs (multifunctional. A robot is a “manipulator”.A manipulator is an arm (or hand that ca n pick up or

5、moving things. At this point we know that a robot is an arm that can be taught to do different jobs.首先,機(jī)器人是“可再程序化的多功能操作器”。RIA 中這句話告訴我們一個(gè)機(jī)器人可以通過更改其內(nèi)存中存儲(chǔ)的信息來教授(再次編程它去做多個(gè)作業(yè)。機(jī)器人可以被重新編程去載和卸載機(jī)器,焊縫,和做很多其他工作(多功能。機(jī)器人是一種機(jī)械手,能夠用手臂(或手去拿起或移動(dòng)?xùn)|西。在這一點(diǎn)上我們知道一個(gè)機(jī)器人相當(dāng)于一只手臂,可以教給它做不同的工作。In addition to taking over hazardou

6、s jobs, robots are well suited to doing extremely repetitive job s that must be done in manufacturing plants. Many jobs in manufacturing plants require a person to act more like a machine than like a human. The job may be to pick a piece up from here and pl ace it there. The job requires little or n

7、o judgment and little or skill. The same job is done hundre ds of times each day. This is not said as a criticism of the person who does the job, but is intende d simply to point out that many of these jobs exist in industry and must be done to complete the manufacture of products.A robot can be pla

8、ced at such a work station and can be perform the jo b admirably without comlaining or experiencing the fatigue and boredom normally associated wit h such a job.除了接管危險(xiǎn)的工作,機(jī)器人很適合于在制造廠做重復(fù)的但必須做工作。許多工作在制造廠要求,更像是一臺(tái)機(jī)器,不是像人一樣的人。這份工作可能從這里接一片,并將其放置在那里。工作的要求很少或沒有判斷和小到不要技能。同樣的工作是做數(shù)百次的每一天。這不是一個(gè)批評(píng)對(duì)做工作的人,但純粹為了指出這

9、些作業(yè)的許多行業(yè)中存在和必須完成才能完成產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)。機(jī)器人可以放在這種工作站,并且可以極好的執(zhí)行作業(yè)而沒有抱怨或者通常的疲勞和厭煩這樣一份工作的體驗(yàn).Unit 26Unit 27Flexibility is an important characteristic in the modern manufacturing setting. It means that a manufacturing system is versatile and adaptable, while also capable of handling relatively high production runs. A

10、flexible manufacturing system is versatile in that it can produce a variety of parts. It is adaptable in that it can be quickly modified to produce a completely different line of parts. This flexibility can be the difference between success and failure in a competitive international marketplace.在現(xiàn)代制

11、造裝備中,柔性是一個(gè)很重要的特性。它意味著,一個(gè)制造系統(tǒng)是多功能的并且具有適應(yīng)性,同時(shí)還可以相對(duì)較高的生產(chǎn)效率。一個(gè)柔性制造系統(tǒng)的多功能性在于,它可以加工不同種類的零件。柔性制造系統(tǒng)的適應(yīng)性在于它能夠迅速調(diào)整改進(jìn)來加工類型完全不同的零件。制造系統(tǒng)的柔性在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的國(guó)際市場(chǎng)中往往能夠成為決定成敗的關(guān)鍵。Unit 27 Flexible Manufacturing Systems (11、在柔性制造系統(tǒng)中,雖然人類的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度降低了,但人類仍發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。Humans play less labor-intensive roles in an FMS, but the roles are still critical.2、制造工