1、話題十三自然與環(huán)境11r話題詞匯梳理與對應(yīng)訓(xùn)練1. abundant adj .豐盛的；大量的；充裕的be abundant in = be rich in 富于2. appreciate v.欣賞；重視；典法 理解；整謖 appreciate doing.欣賁；感激I would appreciate it if.如果我將不勝感激。3. approach v.靠近；接近；著手處理，對付n.靠近；通路，路徑；方法，方式approach to.的方式 /方法4. burn vt .& vi .燃燒，燒毀burn down把燒毀；漸漸燒完burn.to the ground 把燒成平地5.

2、 calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的；風(fēng)平浪靜的；無風(fēng)的v.（使）平靜，（使）鎮(zhèn)靜calm down（使）平靜、鎮(zhèn)靜下來6. condition n.狀態(tài)；狀況；環(huán)境；境況；條件in good/bad condition 身體好/不好；斗犬態(tài)好/不好out of condition身體不好；狀態(tài)不佳on condition that. 條件是on no condition 決不（置于句首，句子用倒裝 ）7. damagei. &v.損害；傷害；破壞cause/do damage to 對造成損害8. danger n.危險；危害；威脅in danger 處于危險中out of danger

3、脫離危險9. decrease n & v 減少，降低decrease by/to減少/至 Uon the decrease 在減少10. demandvi .& vt . 強(qiáng)烈要求，請求n.要求，需求demand (of sb.) to do.要求(某人)做demand that(should) do 要求in demand 需要11. forbid vt . 禁止；不準(zhǔn)forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb.to do sth./from doing sth.禁止某人做某事12. impress vt . 使印象深刻；使銘記；使意識到impress

4、 sth.on/upon sb. 使某人牢記某事impress sb.with sth. 某事給某人留下深刻印象leave/make/create a/animpression on sb.給某人留下個的印象13. likely adj . 有可能的adv. 很可能be likely to do.可能做It is likely that.可能14. measurev.測量；度量；量度為；估量，判定n.措施；方法；尺度；規(guī)范；計量制；計量單位take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事make sth.to one s measure 照某人的尺寸做某

5、物15. messn.混亂，臟亂；臟或亂的狀態(tài)v.弄亂，弄臟in a mess 混亂，臟亂mess up 弄臟；弄亂；弄糟16. owev.欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸因于；歸功于owe sb.sth. = owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把歸功于 owing to 由于17. reserve v.貯存；保留；預(yù)訂；保護(hù)n.儲備；貯藏；保護(hù)區(qū)reserve sth.for 為保留某物in reserve 備用18. fire 短語catch fire 著火set fire to = set sth.on fire 放火燒19. leave 短語leave off 停止leave alone

6、不打擾；不理會；不干預(yù)leave aside不考慮；擱置一邊leave behind 遺留；把丟在后面leavefor 離開去leave out 刪掉；漏掉；不理會；忽視20. note 短語take note of 注意 ( 到 ) ；留意 ( 到 )make/take notes 做筆記I .單句語法填空1 Indonesia is abundant petroleum deposits.2 I don t appreciate (treat) like a second-class citizen.3 The job market has changed and our approach

7、 to (find) work must change as well.4 I will lend you the money on condition you pay it in one month.5 The film s special effects are particularly (impress)6 Tom wondered why everything was in mess.7 Frankly speaking ， I have little money reserve.8 The number of car accidents is the decrease.9 He fo

8、und he could no longer cope with his (demand) job.10 I d appreciate if you could let meknow in advance whether or not you will come.11 Everyone is forbidden (smoke) here.12 It seems to me that he s likely (know) the answer.5 / 1313 They were so careless that they left an important detail.14 He owes

9、his success his teachers and parents.15 There are some tall trees on the hill， some （measure） 30 meters.n.按要求完成句子16 I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.（用 appreciate改寫 ）2 With the time for graduation approaching（ 用 corner 短語改寫）we are busy with our papers.（ 用 as 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句改寫）3 You mu

10、st on no condition tell them the secret.（改為倒裝句）4 I was impressed by the beautiful scenery and forgot to go back home on time.（過去分詞短語作狀語改寫）5她要求他歸還向她借的書。（一句多譯）（that 從句 ）7 / 13（簡單句）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）6. The teacher forbids our talking aloud in class.（The teacher forbids us aloud in class.話題語篇訓(xùn)練（一）閱讀理解Since the firs

11、t Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot“greener" towardthe environment."We didn' t know at that time that there even was an environment,let alone that there was a problem with it , " says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in pu

12、blic affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people , political leaders , university professors , and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. aThe understanding has increased many , many times , " says Gaylord Nelson , the former governor from Wis

13、consin , who thought up the first Earth Day.According to USgovernment reports , emissions（ NE放）from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remai

14、n and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking " has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ; today in 1995 there are about 6,600.Advanced lights, motors , and building designs

15、have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty-five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment.Today , it ' s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program. "Until we do that , nothing

16、 else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.1. According to Anderson , before 1970 , Americans had little idea about .A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day2. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass-r

17、oots level.B. The business circle.C. Government officials.D. University professors.3. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest.B. They have settled their environmental problems.C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They h

18、ave reduced pollution through effective measures.4. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. Education. B . Planning.C. Green living. D . CO reduction.（二）七選五Do you want to know how to live an environmentally friendly lifestyle? Here is a short list

19、 of ways that you can help protect the environment. Prevent energy leaks（ 泄漏 ）at home.Heating and cooling can make up to 50 percent of your energy bill each month. 5 So you' ll save money and reduce your influence on the environment. Plant trees in your yard and community.Everyone knows that pla

20、nting trees can help the environment. 6 Trees cool yourhome, reducing the energy used for cooling.Trees improve mental health.Trees reduce noise pollution.If you use ceiling fans during hot summer days, you can create a cooling environment.A few ceiling or regular fans properly placed in your home c

21、an reduce the amount of time you spend with the air conditioning on. Use solar energy more often.8 There are lots of inexpensive solar products you can try out.For example,solar-powered lights.How about solar cell phone chargers? Additionally, there aremany forms of passive solar energy that can hel

22、p you take advantage of the sun.Think about green transportation.Just sit and think about a few environmentally friendly ways you can get from one place to another. 9 You can walk or bike to the corner store.Walking instead of driving to a store is a great way to help the environment!A. Trees have m

23、any good influences.B. Use natural wind to dry your clothes.C. There are many ways to use solar power.D. Use ceiling fans to cool off in summer.E. You can take a bus when going to the movie theater.F. Turn off lights and electronic devices when you' re not using them.G. You can heat and cool you

24、r home more efficiently by fixing leaks.（三）完形填空On an airplane as she was flying across the United States, Dr Jane Goodall noticeda woman sitting next to her.She asked the woman why she was so tired, and the womansaid she was absolutely 10 because she ' d been up at two in the morning trying to 1

25、1 the water.Her young daughter was in an environmental group at school and her daughter ' s passion had turned to making sure her 12 was eco-friendly.They were staying at thewoman s brother ' s house the night befo re her trip , and in the middle of the night her daughter woke up to the 13 o

26、f a dripping faucet（ 水龍頭）.The daughter asked for 14 turning it off as the faucet handle was 15 .Theonly way to 16 theleak was to dig to the pipe in the front lawn to find the main valve to turn the water off , and her daughter wouldn ' t go to sleep until the leak stopped.So at two in the mornin

27、g 17 in the family was out in the yard helping to 18 to turn off the water.Young people have much more 19 to start and accomplish changes than what 20may believe.When children make a change in their lives , families are 21 along to become environmentally friendly.The story also shows that 22 actions

28、 can have a big impact.We 23 to think about 24 events like Clean and Green Week.Instead, a lot of small changes canmake a(n) 25 .If hundreds or thousands of students 26 theirfamilies to turnoff the tap to save water , move the air conditioning temperature 27 a degree ortwo in summer, 28 less and mak

29、e other environmentally-friendly changes, the 29 family may change its behaviors.10. A.exhausted B . delightedC. sad D . angry11. A.turn on B . turn offC. take along D . bring along12. A.mother B . familyC. school D . group13. A.sound B . voiceC. rhyme D . music14. A.advice B . pleasureC. help D . t

30、rouble15. A.opened B . thrownC. dropped D . broken16. A.stop B . preventC. hold D . cut17. A.someone B . anyoneC. everyone D . no one18. A.fix B . digC. mend D. fit19. A.power B . timeC. enthusiasm D . wisdom20. A.officials B . teenagersC. teachers D . adults21. A.saved B . praisedC. seated D . drag

31、ged22. A.important B . smallC. unnecessary D . children ' s23. A.plan B . tendC. attempt D . mean24. A.new B . traditionalC. big D . social25. A.living B . differenceC. effort D . fortune26. A.want B . allowC. convince D . force27. A.off B . awayC. down D . up28. A.eat B . walkC. drive D . consu

32、me29. A.rich B . largeC. entire D . ordinary為你支招13完形填空的解題步驟及答題方法一、解題三步驟1 .通讀全文，把握主線瀏覽全文，從而獲得整體感知，理解文章大意是解題的基礎(chǔ)，尤其注意首尾句（首尾段）信息。2 .細(xì)讀文章，把握文脈在理解大意的情況下，準(zhǔn)確把握文章脈絡(luò)發(fā)展，主人公思想情感的變化是關(guān)鍵，結(jié)合選項，在做題過程中，遵循文章敘述事件的過程以及作者情感變化進(jìn)行選擇，尤其注意瞻前顧后，判斷推理。3重讀復(fù)核，消除疏漏將選定的答案代入文章進(jìn)行復(fù)讀，確保全文文意連貫，思路通暢，情感變化有據(jù)可依。始終用“中心思想和寫作目的”這把尺子衡量所選擇的每個選項。二

33、、答題六方法1 合理推斷憑邏輯把握各段落、句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，加深對文章的全面理解，重點關(guān)注文中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵詞，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（yet ， however， but ， nevertheless 等 ） ， 讓步關(guān)系（although ， though等 ） ， 因果關(guān)系（because of， thus ， since 等 ）， 并列關(guān)系（and ， meanwhile 等 ） 及例證關(guān)系（forexample 等 ） 。2分析語境辨詞義針對選項詞義的辨析，在具體語言環(huán)境中進(jìn)行把握，并注意對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解。3瞻前顧后尋復(fù)現(xiàn)每個題目在文章中都能找到信息依據(jù)，在解題中揣摩文章字里行間

34、的意義，選擇與作者思路相吻合的選項。4左顧右盼找搭配注意所填的詞與空格前后詞語的習(xí)慣搭配，尤其空格前后的名詞、動詞、介詞等與各選項之間的搭配關(guān)系。5推理信息依背景結(jié)合生活經(jīng)驗和常識體會語篇所給的語境，做出合理推斷，確定正確選項。6明晰結(jié)構(gòu)借語法設(shè)題重點在代詞、介詞和從句的連接詞等幾個角度，解題時運(yùn)用語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析長難句，明晰各個選項的細(xì)微差異。答案解讀話題詞匯梳理與對應(yīng)訓(xùn)練I . 1.in 2.being treated 3.finding 4.that 5.impressive 6.a 7.in 8.on 9.demanding 10.it11.to smoke 12.to know 13.o

35、ut 14.to 15.measuringn .1.1 ' d appreciat e it if you would turn off the lights.2. With the time for graduation just around the corner ， we are busy with our papers.As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing near, we are busy with our papers.3. On no condition must you tell them the secre

36、t.4. Impressed by the beautiful scenery , I forgot to go back home on time.5. She demanded that he (should) return the books he borrowed from her. She demanded of him to return the books he borrowed from her.6. to talk話題語篇訓(xùn)練(一)語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，介紹了環(huán)保意識在美國從無到有，逐漸增強(qiáng)，說明環(huán)保教育勢在必行。1. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的" We di

37、dn' t know at that time that there even was an environment , let alone that there was a problem with it.” 可知， 當(dāng)時美國人對環(huán)境問題沒有足夠的認(rèn)識，因此應(yīng)選擇C項。2. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"Business people , political leaders , university professors , and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement：可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了這個運(yùn)動的主要支持者應(yīng)該是那些普通的美國民眾，因此答案應(yīng)是 A項 The grass-roots level 。 3. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段的第一句說明了汽車和卡