1、主謂一致主謂一致AGREEMENTUseful structures語(yǔ)法詳解：語(yǔ)法詳解： 所謂主謂一致是指所謂主謂一致是指主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之之間間, ,即主語(yǔ)的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著謂即主語(yǔ)的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)的形式。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)的形式。The boy _ diving.They _ diving.Both Jack and Tim _ diving.All of them _ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob Bob _ a wo

2、rker.isMike Mike and Bob _ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _a teacher.isBill Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them _ workers.None of them _ (know) how to teach English.are knows/know主謂一致主要有以下幾種情況：主謂一致主要有以下幾種情況：1. and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞連接兩個(gè)或兩

3、個(gè)以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下兩種兩種情況：情況：(1) He and she _both students of this school. 他和她都是這個(gè)學(xué)校的學(xué)生。他和她都是這個(gè)學(xué)校的學(xué)生。如果指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上如果指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上不同的不同的人或事物的時(shí)人或事物的時(shí)候候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。一、語(yǔ)法一致原則一、語(yǔ)法一致原則are(2) 但如果連接兩個(gè)以上的名詞指的是但如果連接兩個(gè)以上的名詞指的是同同一個(gè)人或物一個(gè)人或物, 或者指或者指同一概念同一概念的時(shí)候的時(shí)候, 謂語(yǔ)要用謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)單數(shù)。 The singer and dance

4、r_ going to give us a performance. 那個(gè)歌唱家兼舞蹈演員要給我們表演。那個(gè)歌唱家兼舞蹈演員要給我們表演。 The knife and fork _on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。刀叉在桌子上。 isis2. 如果主語(yǔ)是不定式如果主語(yǔ)是不定式, 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing形式或主語(yǔ)從句形式或主語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。When he is coming _ very important. 他什么時(shí)候要來(lái)看起來(lái)很重要。他什么時(shí)候要來(lái)看起來(lái)很重要。 Collecting stamps _ his hobby. 收集郵票是他的愛(ài)好。收集

5、郵票是他的愛(ài)好。 To love her _ not to break her wings. 愛(ài)她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的翅膀。愛(ài)她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的翅膀。seemsisis3. 定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞who, which, that在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要與先行詞的人在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。稱和數(shù)保持一致。 Those who_ singing may join us. Tom, who _ your friend, should help you. enjoyis4. with, along with, together with, as well as

6、, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有這些連接詞和主如果句子中有這些連接詞和主語(yǔ)連用語(yǔ)連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)隨主語(yǔ)的變化而變隨主語(yǔ)的變化而變化化。例如：。例如：The teacher, together with his students, _ planting trees in the street. 老師和他的學(xué)生們正在街道上植樹(shù)。老師和他的學(xué)生們正在街道上植樹(shù)。is精選pptMr. Black , as well as two women, _ at the office.isMr. Black with,

7、together with, along witheither . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or在句子中連接主在句子中連接主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候或者在語(yǔ)的時(shí)候或者在there be句型中句型中,謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和就近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。動(dòng)詞要和就近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。二、就近原則二、就近原則Neither you nor I _ wrong. There _ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amisNot only the students but also the teacher _ for

8、 a holiday. wishes三、概念一致原則三、概念一致原則 所謂概念一致原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主所謂概念一致原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)一致不是取決于主語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法形式語(yǔ)一致不是取決于主語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法形式, 而而是其是其實(shí)際意義實(shí)際意義。有的主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上有的主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是單數(shù)是單數(shù), 但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；有的主但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；有的主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù)語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù), 但在意義上卻但在意義上卻是單數(shù)是單數(shù)。1. 不定代詞不定代詞all, more, some, any, none作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視情況而定。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視情況而定。All of the apples _rotten.

9、所有的蘋(píng)果都爛了。所有的蘋(píng)果都爛了。All of the apple _rotten. 整個(gè)蘋(píng)果都爛了。整個(gè)蘋(píng)果都爛了。 are isNone of the money_ left. 沒(méi)有剩下一點(diǎn)錢。沒(méi)有剩下一點(diǎn)錢。None of the students _ there. 沒(méi)有學(xué)生在那里。沒(méi)有學(xué)生在那里。 is is精選pptNone None 和和 neither neither 有時(shí)當(dāng)作單數(shù)看待，有時(shí)有時(shí)當(dāng)作單數(shù)看待，有時(shí)當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待，主要根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意思決定。當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待，主要根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意思決定。做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。但做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。但在代表不可數(shù)

10、名詞時(shí)?？醋鲉螖?shù)，因而謂動(dòng)在代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)?？醋鲉螖?shù)，因而謂動(dòng)須用單數(shù)。須用單數(shù)。Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English.None of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/know knows/know精選ppt2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名詞作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候在句子中加名詞作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞與of后面的名詞后面的名詞保持一致。保持一致。Half of the

11、students _finished theircomposition. 一半的學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們的作文。一半的學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們的作文。Half of the apple _bad. 一半的蘋(píng)果壞了。一半的蘋(píng)果壞了。About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _boys. 我們學(xué)校我們學(xué)校, 大約百分之六十的學(xué)生是男生大約百分之六十的學(xué)生是男生.haveisare3. 集合名詞作主語(yǔ)集合名詞作主語(yǔ), 動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù), 也可也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子的意思決定。以用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子的意思決定。強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體整體謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單

12、數(shù)；指全體人全體人員員時(shí)時(shí), 動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見(jiàn)的集動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見(jiàn)的集合名詞有合名詞有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。His family _going out. 他們?nèi)乙獬觥Ｋ麄內(nèi)乙獬?。His family _all music lovers. 他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳?lè)愛(ài)好者。他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳?lè)愛(ài)好者。is are 4. 某些名詞如某些名詞如people, police, cattle等等,形式上形式上是單數(shù)是單數(shù), 但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)。people指指

13、“民族民族”時(shí)是例外。時(shí)是例外。 The police _ searching for a thief. The cattle _ eating grass on the hill.areare5. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單單數(shù)數(shù)，如，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。Someone_ asking for you. 有人找你。有人找你。Nothing _ f

14、ound in the room. 在屋子里什么也沒(méi)找到。在屋子里什么也沒(méi)找到。isis6. 某些名詞如某些名詞如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等等, 通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但但當(dāng)它們被當(dāng)它們被a pair of 修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如用單數(shù)。如: The shoes _ worn out. 鞋子破了。鞋子破了。 The pair of shoes _ worn out. 這雙鞋破了。這雙鞋破了。 areis精選ppt名詞如名詞如trousers, pants, shorts, trousers, pants, shor

15、ts, glasses, scissorsglasses, scissors以及以及clothes, goodsclothes, goods等等做主語(yǔ)，謂動(dòng)要用復(fù)數(shù)；但當(dāng)這類詞前有做主語(yǔ)，謂動(dòng)要用復(fù)數(shù)；但當(dāng)這類詞前有a/the pair ofa/the pair of修飾時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)修飾時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)。 某些名詞以某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如結(jié)尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。應(yīng)用單數(shù)。 物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。 Physics is a very interesting subject.8.

16、 every. and every .; each . and each .; no . and no . 在以上短語(yǔ)中在以上短語(yǔ)中and連接連接的單數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)名詞, 整個(gè)短語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)整個(gè)短語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。 Each man and each woman_ asked to attend. is班級(jí)中的每個(gè)男孩女孩都很用功。班級(jí)中的每個(gè)男孩女孩都很用功。聽(tīng)不到任何聲音。聽(tīng)不到任何聲音。Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent.No sound and no voice is heard

17、.9. 以以a number of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù); 以以the number of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A number of new books_ on the desk. The number of students in you class _ 50. areis10. 有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣, 作主作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候語(yǔ)的時(shí)候, 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由上下文決定其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由上下文決定, 這一類名詞有這一類名詞有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Ja

18、panese等。等。 Not every means _ useful. 不是每種方法都好使。不是每種方法都好使。 Not all means _ useful. 不是所有的方法都好使。不是所有的方法都好使。isare11. many a, more than one, one and a half與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語(yǔ)與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語(yǔ), 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 Many a boy _ seen it. 許多孩子都看到了。許多孩子都看到了。12. 書(shū)刊名、時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡書(shū)刊名、時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。單數(shù)

19、。 Thirty years _ not a long time. Roots is a famous American novel.hasis1. this kind of book = a book of this kind (這種書(shū)這種書(shū)) , 其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù); 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)) (這一類人這一類人), 但但this kind of men 的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù), men of this kind 和和these kind of men 的謂語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)用復(fù)

20、數(shù), all kinds of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 謂謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題: This kind of men _ dangerous. Men of this kind _dangerous.2. 在主謂倒裝的句子中在主謂倒裝的句子中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。例如與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。例如: Between the two windows _ a picture.isarehangs3. “分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由及由“ a lot of, lots of, plent

21、y of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名詞名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與短語(yǔ)中其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與短語(yǔ)中of 后面的名詞后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致的數(shù)保持一致,這是因?yàn)槎陶Z(yǔ)中后面的這是因?yàn)槎陶Z(yǔ)中后面的名詞是中心詞名詞是中心詞,而短語(yǔ)中前面的量詞是而短語(yǔ)中前面的量詞是修飾語(yǔ)。例如修飾語(yǔ)。例如:Lots of damage_ caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water.Three-fifths

22、 of the workers here _women.和這種情況類似的還有和這種情況類似的還有“a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。但是但是,“the number of + 名詞名詞”的中心詞卻是的中心詞卻是number。試。試比較：比較： wasisareA number of students _ gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.The number of pages in this book _ two hundred.haveis注意注意:a (large) quantity of 修飾可數(shù)

23、或不可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)名詞, 其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單單數(shù)。數(shù)。A large quantity of people _ needed here.isquantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。例如謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:Quantities of food (nuts) _ on the table.短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)in quantity, in large quantities 意為意為 “大量大量”; in small quantities 意為意為“少少量量”。 were4. a g

24、reat deal of, a large amount of, 修飾修飾不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用詞通常用單數(shù)單數(shù); large amounts of 修飾修飾不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。例如。例如:A large amount of (A great deal of) damage _ done in a very short time.Large amounts of money _ spent on the bridge.waswere5. 表示數(shù)量的表示數(shù)量的one a

25、nd a half 后后, 名詞要名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式用復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但是其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)但是其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： One and a half bananas _ left on the table.is6. 如果主語(yǔ)由如果主語(yǔ)由“the + 形容詞形容詞(或過(guò)去分詞或過(guò)去分詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任時(shí),謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù);這類詞有這類詞有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dub, th

26、e oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等等; 但也有少數(shù)但也有少數(shù)的過(guò)去分詞與定冠詞連用時(shí)指?jìng)€(gè)別的過(guò)去分詞與定冠詞連用時(shí)指?jìng)€(gè)別,則用則用單數(shù)。例如：?jiǎn)螖?shù)。例如：The blind _ in special school.The departed(死者死者)_ a well-known engineer.這類形容詞或分詞如果要表示個(gè)體時(shí)這類形容詞或分詞如果要表示個(gè)體時(shí),就就要與名詞要與名詞man, person 或表示人的單數(shù)連或表示人的單數(shù)連用。例如用。例如: an old man, a rich person, the (

27、a) wounded soldier.studywas主謂一致練習(xí)1. Now Tom with his classmates _ football on the playground.A. play B. are playingC. plays D. is playing2. Thirty dollars _ too expensive.A. are B. is C. were D. be3. If anybody _, please put down _ name, said the teacher to the monitor.A. wants to buy the book/his B

28、. want to buy the book/theirC. will buy the book/ones D. wants to have the book bought/her4. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _ in the room.A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left5. Between the two roads _ a TV tower called Skyscraper Tower.A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand6. - Shall I

29、 wait here for three hours? -Yes. Three hours _ to wait for such a doctor.A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough for youC. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you7. Every student and every teacher _.A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meetingC. has att

30、ended the meeting D. is attended the meeting8. This pair of shoes _.A. is her B. is hersC. are hers D. are her9.What we need _good textbooks. A. is B. are C. have D. has10._ has been done. A. ninetynine percents of the work B. Half of what he promised C. Two-fifths of the articles D. Three quarter o

31、f the business 精選pptSupplementary Exercises精選ppt Multiple choice:1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle

32、. A. are B. is C. were D. has4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was5. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known精選ppt6. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were7. A library with five thousand books _ t

33、o the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 9. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. wa

34、s; was C. was; were D. were; were 10. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 高考鏈接高考鏈接1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land.(上海上海2001） A. number; has B. quantity; has C. numb

35、er; have D. quantity; haveB精析精析：a large number of 后面要接復(fù)數(shù)后面要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以名詞，所以A不能作為答案。因不能作為答案。因?yàn)闉閐esert是單數(shù)，所以要填是單數(shù)，所以要填 has。這句話的意思是這句話的意思是“毀壞森林的毀壞森林的結(jié)果是，大片沙漠覆蓋了陸結(jié)果是，大片沙漠覆蓋了陸地地”答案答案 B2. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.(上海上海2000) A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths

36、, is D. Two fifths, areC精析精析: 分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)分母用序數(shù)詞表示詞表示.如果分子大于如果分子大于1, 分母序數(shù)分母序數(shù)詞后加詞后加-s. 分?jǐn)?shù)和百分比作主語(yǔ)時(shí)分?jǐn)?shù)和百分比作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式取決于分?jǐn)?shù)和百分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式取決于分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞數(shù)后面的名詞.句子中的主語(yǔ)句子中的主語(yǔ) land是單數(shù)是單數(shù),所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用is covered. 答案答案C.3 - Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _ to go to univer

37、sity. - So do I.（全國(guó)（全國(guó)1998） A. hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hopeA精析：精析：這句話的主語(yǔ)是這句話的主語(yǔ)是 Each of the students，是單數(shù)，所以要，是單數(shù)，所以要 hopes 選作謂語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)選作謂語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)working hard at his or her lessons 作狀語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨的情況。有的考生盲目地表示伴隨的情況。有的考生盲目地把把 lessons 當(dāng)成了主語(yǔ)，填寫(xiě)了當(dāng)成了主語(yǔ)，填寫(xiě)了hope，發(fā)生了錯(cuò)誤。本題的譯文：，發(fā)生了錯(cuò)誤。本題的譯文：每一個(gè)努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都想上大學(xué)。

38、每一個(gè)努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都想上大學(xué)。我也是。答案我也是。答案 A。4. _ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.（上海（上海2001） A. Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many millionA精析精析: 在在million前如果有具體的數(shù)字或前如果有具體的數(shù)字或 several等詞時(shí)，要用單數(shù)形式。等詞時(shí)，要用單數(shù)形式。 many一般不與一般不與 million等詞連用等詞連用. 表示表示“數(shù)百萬(wàn)數(shù)百萬(wàn)”，英語(yǔ)為，英語(yǔ)為

39、 millions of。這句話的意思是。這句話的意思是“每天，世每天，世界上有幾十萬(wàn)人通過(guò)界上有幾十萬(wàn)人通過(guò) e-mail傳遞傳遞信息。信息?！贝鸢复鸢?A。5.The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. (NMET96) A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; wereC6. The number of students in this school _ by 5% every year.(MET92

40、) A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises the number of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)，表示表示的數(shù)目的數(shù)目(數(shù)量數(shù)量)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；單數(shù)；a number of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作作主語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)，表示許多許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)。C7. A good deal of money _ spent on books.(MET84) A. have B. has C. have been D. has beenD9. A library with five thousand books _ to the

41、 nation as a gift. (MET90)A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offeredA10. E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication. (上海上海99) A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. playA11. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. (MET86)A. know B. knows C. have known D.

42、is known12. All but one _ here just now. (MET87)A. is B. was C. has been D. wereDB13. Either you or the headmaster _ the prize to these gifted students at the meeting.(上海上海94) A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand outD14. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of h

43、aving one examination after another.(MET87) A. is B. are C. am D. beB15. She is one of the few girls who _ in the kindergarten.(上海上海94) A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is paying well D. are paying wellB16. He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.(上海上海2002

44、春春) A. is B. are C. have been D. has beenD17. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.(上海上海2000) A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; areC分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)一致。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)一致。18.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.(ME

45、T91) A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decidedA動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。倒裝句及倒裝句及there be句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往與最鄰近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。往往與最鄰近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。19.There _ no life on the moon. (MET92) A. is said to have B. are said to have C. is said to be D. are sa

46、id to beC20. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons，_ to go to university.(上海上海98) A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hopedBeither/neither/each+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。21. A group of _ are eating _ and _ at the foot of the hill. (NMET95) A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; gra

47、sses; leaves C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafsA22.Every possible means _ to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (上海上海2000春春) A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been usedC單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，依照意義單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，依照意義一致的原則，表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用一致的原則，表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；反之，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類名單

48、數(shù)；反之，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類名詞有：詞有：sheep, deer, means(方法、手方法、手段段),works(工廠工廠),species(種類種類)過(guò)關(guān)落實(shí)過(guò)關(guān)落實(shí)1.A survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health. A.show；are B.shows；is C.show；is D.shows；are 解析：解析：“a survey”a survey”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；表時(shí)間，距離，作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；表時(shí)間，距離

49、， 金錢的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)。金錢的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)。 答案：答案：B2.We live day by day，but in the great things，the time of days and weeks _ so small that a day is unimportant. A.is B.are C.has been D.have been 解析：解析：主語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)是“the time”the time”，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 答案：答案：A 3.The company had about 20 notebook comput

50、ers but only one-third _ used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long. A.is B.are C.was D.were 解析：解析：此處此處oneonethird third 指指one third of 20 notebook one third of 20 notebook computers computers，故為復(fù)數(shù)；與，故為復(fù)數(shù)；與nownow相對(duì)，用過(guò)去時(shí)。相對(duì)，用過(guò)去時(shí)。 答案：答案：D4.Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also tru

51、e of the Johnsons. A.are B.is C.being D.to be 解析：解析：主語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)為“大部分對(duì)大部分對(duì)Smith Smith 夫婦的說(shuō)法夫婦的說(shuō)法”，看成單數(shù)，謂，看成單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用isis。 答案：答案：B 5.A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A.is B.are C.was D.were 解析：解析：a poet and artista poet and artist指一個(gè)人，既是

52、詩(shī)人，也是藝術(shù)家。指一個(gè)人，既是詩(shī)人，也是藝術(shù)家。 答案：答案：A6.The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going 解析：解析：主語(yǔ)仍為主語(yǔ)仍為the fatherthe father，單數(shù)形式；，單數(shù)形式；as well as his three as well as his three children children作句子的狀語(yǔ)，不影響謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。作

53、句子的狀語(yǔ)，不影響謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。 答案：答案：C 7._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifth；is B.Two fifth；are C.Two fifths；is D.Two fifths；are 解析：解析：表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子大于一，分母表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子大于一，分母( (序數(shù)詞形式序數(shù)詞形式) )加加s s；主語(yǔ)；主語(yǔ) 為為landland，不可數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。，不可數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 答案：答案：C8.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear. A.is used B.are used C.has been u