1、Un it 15 Lear ning知識目標(biāo):1.掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的重要詞匯及其用法。2.通過閱讀本單元的閱讀材料掌握一些有用的句型，提高閱讀能力3.學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣在條件句中的使用 單元要點預(yù)覽重點 單詞suspect in structobey reflect selectmisun dersta nd buryswellsimplifyreputation ignore slight religionlackurgecivilizationobey conservative dragsecure chief accessoutsta nding postage assig nment rank

2、重點 詞組place importanee toacquire/gain knowledge to start withbeaccustomed toput forward have/get access toin good moodparticipate in,hand out due toaside fromexcept fortalk sb into doing sthswitch off life-long learningget promoteddistanee learning search for bring a lump to ones throbe related toone

3、s mind goes blank approve of come to ones defenee重點句 型1. wish引導(dǎo)的兵語從句的虛擬2.should +have + done表示對過去的虛擬重點語 法虛擬語氣在條件句中的使用第1課時重點單詞【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】理解并掌握如下單詞在不同語境中的準(zhǔn)確含義和用法suspect, lack, access, worthy, urg等【復(fù)習(xí)重點】能夠在不同語境下使用本課單詞 要點呈現(xiàn)及知識拓展I.重點詞匯1. suspectvt.懷疑搭配：寫出下列詞組或句子的漢語意思。(1) suspect ones words_(2) suspect him to

4、be a liar_(3) suspect him of givi ng false in formatio n_辨析:doubt & suspect (vt.懷疑)(1)如果后面接名詞、代詞或名詞性詞組時，兩者可通用。I doubt/suspect the truth of her statemen我對她那番話的真實性表示懷疑。He says he can cure me, but I still doubt/suspect him.他說他能治好我的病， 但我仍對他不放心。(2)如果后面接賓語從句，意思就截然不同。1suspect只能后面接that賓語從句。The doctor su

5、spected that he was ill with flu.醫(yī)生懷疑/認(rèn)為他得了流感。2doubt用于肯定句中時，多接whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句，意為 不敢肯定(feel uncertain about) 1但(suspect不可接這種從句)；doubt后接that從句時更多用 于否定句或疑問句中。I I doubt whether/if hell come.我不敢肯定他來不來。I dont doubt that he is right我確信他是對的。2. lack v.& n.缺乏，沒有搭配：注意下列搭配中介詞的不同。(1)lack sth.缺乏某物(lack作vt.) (

6、2)lack of sth缺乏某物(lack作n.)(3) be lacking in缺乏(某種品質(zhì)、特點等)，不夠(vi)lack for缺(vi.否定式，無被動語態(tài))!用：補(bǔ)全下列句子。(1)他對自己缺乏自信。He_ in himself.(2)他所缺少的是毅力。 _is persevera nee.(3)他缺乏勇氣。He is_courage.Keys: 1. lacks con fide nee 2.What you lack 3 lack ing in3. accessn.通道； 接近，靠近提醒：后面通常跟to連用。搭配：寫出下列短語的漢語意思。(1) have (get/ga in

7、) access to_(2) a man of easy/difficult access_(3) Withi n easy access_Keys:1.有使用(進(jìn)入/接近)的機(jī)會或權(quán)利2.一個很好/很難接近的人3. (某地)很容易前往!用：翻譯下列句子。(1)到那座古老城堡去的唯一通道是一條泥濘小路。The only_that ancient castle is along a muddy track.市民可以自由使用圖書館。Citize ns may_ the library.Keys:1. access to 2have free access to4. worthy adj.值得的，

8、有價值的；值得尊敬的，應(yīng)受到賞識的用法：worthy可以用作表語或定語。主要搭配有：(1) (be) worthy of+名詞 值得.(2) (be) worthy of being done=(be) worthy to be done = (be) worth doi ng值得做某事聯(lián)想：worthwhile adj.意為 值得做的，值得出力的”，常用于It is worthwhile doing/be worthwhile todo句型，用主動形式。!用：以多種句式翻譯下列句子。這種行為值得表揚(yáng)。(1) This behaviour is worthy_ praise.(2) This

9、behaviour is worthy of being_.(3) This behaviour is worthy to_ .Keys 1.of 2.praised 3.be praised5. urge vt.催促，力勸，強(qiáng)烈要求n.迫切要求，強(qiáng)烈欲望搭配：翻譯下面搭配。(1) urge sb. to do sth_(2) urge that sb (should) do_(3) urge sb into action_Keys:1.勸某人做某事2.勸某人做某事3.敦促某人采取行動提示：在動詞urge, desire, suggest, propose, in sist, advise,

10、order, dema nd, require, request, ask,note等表 建議，要求，命令”等意思時，后面的that從句中用虛擬語 氣，謂語動詞要“should動詞原形”should也可以省略。第二課時重點短語與句型【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】理解并掌握如下短語與句型在不同語境中的準(zhǔn)確含義和用法fran kly speak ing, set off, be accustomed to, approve of ,get promoted, take up【復(fù)習(xí)重點】能夠在書面表達(dá)中正確運用如下短語與句型。fran kly speak ing, set off, be accustomed to,

11、 approve of ,get promoted, take up要點呈現(xiàn)及知識拓展n重點詞組1. frankly speaking坦白地說Fran kly speak in g, it is difficult for me to make out what he is say ing.坦率地說，理解他正在說的事情是很困難的。Fran kly speak ing, he is not so bad as you might think.坦白講，他沒有你想象中的 壞。2. set off vi.起程;vt.引發(fā)，引燃(火箭，炸彈等)set sb. off doi ng使某人做某事搭配：補(bǔ)全下

12、面的句子。(1) If you want to catch that train wed better_ the stationimmediately.你要是想趕上那班火車，咱們就最好馬上動身去火車站。(2) Do nt_politics or hell go on all eve nin可別讓他談起政治來，要不然他一談就得一個晚上。Keys: 1. set off for 2. set him off talking拓展：完成翻譯set的常用短語。(1) set_(= set off出 發(fā)，動身(去某地)(2) set_to do開始，著手(做某事)(3) set_建立，創(chuàng)立(4) set_

13、下，記下，放下(5) set sb free_(6) set sail_(7) set about doing someth ing_(8) set an example to sb=(set sb an example)Keys:1. out 2. out 3. up 4. down 5.釋放6.揚(yáng)帆起航7.著手(做某事)8.為某人樹立了模樣3. be accustomed to習(xí)慣于用法：to是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動詞的ing形式，其意義與be used to一樣，只不過beaccustomed to是書面語，be used to是口頭語。!用：請用該詞組翻譯下列句子。(1)我不習(xí)慣被

14、人打斷說話。I_ being in terrupted.(2)他對孤獨已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常。He_ .Keys: 1. am not accustomed/used to 2. is accustomed to Ioneliness4. approve of贊成，贊許，同意用法:因approve是vi.，接賓語時須用of。!用：根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。(1)你贊成吉爾的新發(fā)型嗎？Do you_ ?(2)我們對你的工作很滿意。Keys: 1. approve of Jills new hairstyle 2. We approve of your job6. get promoted得至U提升!用1：

15、用該短語翻譯下列句子。(1)這是我晉升的好機(jī)會。(2)他因缺乏果斷力而未能得到提升。He failed_ for_resoluti on.說明：和“be +過去分詞”一樣，“get +過去分詞”也能用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)和系表 結(jié)構(gòu)，用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，它強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的發(fā)生；用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)時，它強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) 的變化。聯(lián)想：翻譯下面短語。(1)get puni shed_ (2)get killed_(3) get hurt_ (4)get in vited_(5)get started_(6)get admitted_Keys: 1.受到懲罰2.被殺3.受到傷害4.被邀請5.行動起來6.被錄取 !用2:用所給詞的適當(dāng)

16、形式填空。(1) Did your letter get_ (an swer)?(2) They got_(trap) in the fire and were killed.(3) His car got_ (damage) in a road accide nt?(4) The dog got_ (run) over by the car.(5) Clea ning wome n in big cities usually get_(pay) by the hour.Keys:1.answered 2. trapped 3.damaged 4. run 5.paid7. take up開始

17、，從事；拿起；占據(jù)，接納理解：寫出take up在句中的中文意思。This table takes up too much room.（2）He had studied Japa nese for a year and a half before he took up En glish.（3）Dont let trifles take up your time.（4）The bus stopped to take up the stude nts.Keys:1.占據(jù)（空間）2.開始（學(xué)）3.占用（時間）4.接納，讓乘客上車川.重點句子1.1 suppose I was a bit lazy a

18、nd now I wish Id done more work, especially in maths我想我當(dāng)時有點懶，現(xiàn)在我真希望當(dāng)時能多做些努力，特別是在數(shù)學(xué) 方面。結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個由and連接的并列復(fù)合句，and前后兩個分句中的謂語動 詞各帶有一個賓語從句。wish后的從句用虛擬語氣。學(xué)以致用：用并列結(jié)構(gòu)和虛擬語氣翻譯下面句子。 你很難想象他們把那個聚會搞得一團(tuán)糟，我真希望我沒有去參加。Keys: You can hardly imagine what a mess they made of the party, and I wish I had n ever bee nthere.

19、2. I know that I wasnt a willing student and I shouldnt have been so difficult aschool, but it was probably because I lacked con fide nce in myself.我知道我當(dāng)時不是一個上進(jìn)的學(xué)生，也知道自己不應(yīng)該那么叛逆，但那也許是因為我太缺 乏自信了。結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個并列復(fù)合句，由and和but引導(dǎo)三個并列分句。第一個 分句中含有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，第三個分句中含有because引導(dǎo)的表語從句，第二個分句中含“shouldnt haV過去分詞”表示本不該做

20、某事（但事實上卻做了）”值得我們學(xué)會運用的表達(dá)有should have don e, lack con fide nce等。學(xué)以致用： 用shouldhave done和lack翻譯句子。你不應(yīng)該聘請Tom這樣的工人，他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗。_ keys:You shouldnt have employed workers like Tom, who lack experience.3. At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts and people likeGalileo Galilei, who proved scie

21、ntific ideas such as“the Earth is not the centreothe uni verse were ofte n puni shed by the church with no one coming to theirdefe nce.那時，人們更多地相信宗教，而不是事實。像伽利略這樣證明了例如 地球不是宇宙的中心”等科學(xué)觀點的人常常被教會懲罰結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個并列復(fù)合句，由and引導(dǎo)的第二個分句中，主語是people,謂語是were often punished；介詞短語like Galileo Galilei作people的后置定 語，who proved

22、scientific ideas是非限定性定語從句，補(bǔ)充說明Galileo Galilei；with no one comi ng to their defe nse是with的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。較好的詞匯有：believe in, such as, come toones defe nd。第三，四課時語法語法要點條件句中的虛擬語氣第一節(jié)：if引導(dǎo)的條件句中的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣表示一種不能實現(xiàn)的假設(shè)。該語法主要用于if條件狀語從句。一、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的分類及虛擬條件句的判斷1、可以把條件句分為兩類：1） .真實條件句（Sentences of Real Conditior）:凡是假設(shè)的情況發(fā)

23、生性可能很 大，就是真實條件句。例如：、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有時間會幫助你做此工 作的。、As long as I say anything wrong, you must point it out只要我說了什么錯話， 你一定要指出來。、If time permits, well go fishing together.（如果有時間的話，我們就一起去釣魚。）2） .虛擬條件句（Sen te nces of Un real Con dition）:當(dāng)假設(shè)是不大可能實現(xiàn)時， 就是虛擬條件句。例如：If I were

24、you , I would have attended the meeting.如果我是你的話，就去參加 會議了。、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old frien假如他昨天 來這兒的話，就會看見他的老朋友。2、if條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的判斷判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語 氣。通過句子意思，看假設(shè)的條件是否能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)， 能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)是真實條件句，不能使用虛擬語氣； 假設(shè)的條件不能實現(xiàn)則是非真實條件句，要用虛擬語氣。 判斷這個假設(shè)是與哪個事實相反。通常有三種情況：與過去事實相反。 與現(xiàn)在

25、事實相反。與將來事實可能相反。3注意事項1if條件句中如有were, should, had可以省去if，并使用倒裝語序。2在現(xiàn)代英語中if條件狀與從句中的謂語動詞如果是be其過去形式一般用were。二、 虛擬語氣在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中的用法：（一）、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：if +主語+動詞的過去式（be用were） + .主句：主語+ would （should, could , might） +動詞原形+ .例:1.If I were you, I would go with him.2.If the weather were fin e, I would go th

26、ere.如果天氣好，我去那兒。（事實天氣不好）3f I were you, I would read it aga in.如果我是你的話，我再讀一遍。（事實上我不是你）4.If time permitted, I would write it aga in.如果時間允許的話，我再寫一遍。（事實上時間不允許）5f it werent snowing, we wouldnt stay in the house.要是現(xiàn)在不下雪的話，我們就不會待在屋里。（事實上現(xiàn)在下雪）（二）、表示 與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If +主語+ had +過去完成式動詞+ .主句：主語+ would

27、 （should, could, might） + have +過去完成式動詞+.、If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.果你 聽了我的勸告，就不會犯這樣的錯誤。（事實上你沒有聽我的勸告）（2）、I shouldnt have been able to write such good novels if I hadnt lived amongthe peasa nts for five years.如果我不是和農(nóng)民生活了五年，就不可能寫出這樣好的小說。（事實上我和農(nóng)民生活了五年）、If you ha

28、dnt invited me, I shouldnt have come如）果你pOty請我，我就不會來參加你的舞會。（事實上你邀請了我）（、If it hadnt been for your help, I shouldnt have finished thisWork on time.是沒有你們的幫忙，我就不會按時完成了這項工作。（事實上你們幫助了我）（三）、表示與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句（對將來的事實實現(xiàn)的可能性不大）。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If +主語+ should （或were） +動詞原形+.主句：主語+ would （could, should, might） +動詞原形+.例如

29、：、If I were to work at this problem, I would do it in another way.要是我來解這 道難題，我會用另外一種方法的。（2）、If you were to do such a thing again, you would be punished.女口果你再做這樣的事情，就會受到懲罰。、If I should work harder, I could make much more progress.假如我更努力學(xué) 習(xí)的話，我會取得更大的進(jìn)步。（事實上我不可能努力學(xué)習(xí)）、If it should rain tomorrow, I would

30、 stay at home.如果明天下雨的話，我將待在家里。（根據(jù)天氣情況，明天不可能下雨）三、混合條件句-主從句時間不一致情況下的虛擬語氣有時條件從句中的動作和結(jié)果與主句中的動作，發(fā)生的時間不一致，這時動 作的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時間加以調(diào)整。如：1.從句表示過去，主句表示將來：（1）、If they had started the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.（2）、If we hadn t made adequate preparations, we shouldn dare to do the experime nt

31、n extweek.2.從句表示將來，主句表示過去：If I were not to make a preparati on for my experime nt this after noon, I would have gone to see thefilm with you last night.3.從句表示過去，主句表示將來：If we had nt made adequate preparati ons, we should nt dare to do the experime ntn ext week.4.從句表示將來，主句表示現(xiàn)在：If we should nt have an

32、exam this after noon, I would go shopp ing now.5.從句表示過去，主句表示現(xiàn)在。If they had stared the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.語法檢測【福建卷】1. But for the help of my English teacher, I_ the first prize in theEnglish Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would

33、havewon【安徽卷】2.But for their help，we the program in time.A.can not finish B.will not finish C.had not finished D.could not have fini shed【天津卷】3 This prin ter is of good quality. If it_ break dow n with in the firstyear, we would repair it at our expe nse.A. wouldB. should C. could D. might【北京卷】4. -Th

34、e weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _.A. would nt die B. did nt die C. had nt died D. would nt have died【安徽卷】5.Jack described his father, who_ a brave boy many years agoas a stro ng-willed man.A. would beB. would have be