1、關(guān)于初中虛擬語氣講解現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第一頁，共48頁英語動(dòng)詞有三種語氣: 陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣陳述語氣：用來表示所說的話是事實(shí)或提出疑問，廣泛用語陳述句，疑問句和感嘆句。祈使語氣：表示所說的話是請求，命令，指示或勸告等?，F(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二頁，共48頁虛擬語氣虛擬語氣：表示說話人的所說表示說話人的所說的話的話不是事實(shí)不是事實(shí)，一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等( (在在條件從條件從句句中或中或讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句中中) )；一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等令、建議等 ( (在在賓語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句同位語從句) )

2、?，F(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三頁，共48頁Eg : We met in this room . 陳述語氣陳述語氣 Do come to the meeting next Friday . 祈使語氣祈使語氣If I were you , I would study hard . 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第四頁，共48頁一：虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法.條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,是與事是與事實(shí)相符的。實(shí)相符的。非真實(shí)條件句非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生所表的假設(shè)

3、則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的， 與事實(shí)相反的情況。與事實(shí)相反的情況。If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第五頁，共48頁現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第六頁，共48頁I would buy an expensive car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world.If I won the lottery,現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第七頁，共48頁If I

4、_time last night, I _ to see the film with you .had hadwould have gone過去事實(shí)相反過去事實(shí)相反If he_ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第八頁，共48頁Mark: 100 I _ a party for you . should get If you_gotWere to get a full mark next time,將來時(shí)相反將來時(shí)相反would hold 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第九頁，共

5、48頁If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.If it rained tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十頁，共48頁要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天

6、氣好的話，我來看你明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的話，我會馬上走。假如我是你的話，我會馬上走。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If I were you, I would go at once. 與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)可能相反現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十一頁，共48頁P(yáng)RACTICE 1PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they _ (be) here,they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _ (break) ou

7、t again,what _ (happen) to our people on earth?c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position,I _(ask) for teachers help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcould bewerewould ask現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十二頁，共48頁P(yáng)RACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks e. If Tom _ (b

8、e) more careful in theexam, he _ _ (pass) it already. f. If you (get) up earlier,you _ _ (catch) the first train. g. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ _ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwould have gone現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十三頁，共48頁P(yáng)RACTICE 3: Fill in the blanksIf

9、 there (be) no natural resource any more,we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What _ (happen) if you_(get up) too late tomorrow?should bewould makewould happen should get up現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十四頁，共48頁注意1.省略省略 if 的條件從句的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有當(dāng)從句中有 were, had 或或 should 時(shí)，可省略時(shí)，可省略if ，而把它們放在而把它們放在句首句首,再將句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞實(shí)行再將句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞實(shí)行

10、全全部倒裝或部分倒裝部倒裝或部分倒裝。If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experimentHad he worked harder, he would have passed the final examinations. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十五頁，共48頁2 由由介詞介詞或或介詞介

11、詞短語暗示的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)短語暗示的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)常見的介詞或介詞短語有常見的介詞或介詞短語有without(沒有沒有) , but for(要不是要不是) Eg : Without electricity , human life would be quite difficult today .= If there were no electricity , Without his advice ,I couldnt have done it all by myself . = If it hadnt been for his advice , 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十六頁，共48頁But for your h

12、elp , I wouldnt have succeeded in doing this experiment . = If it hadnt been for your help ,But for the meeting ,I would have gone to your party last Saturday . = If it hadnt been for the meeting ,現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十七頁，共48頁1. Without sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B wou

13、ld be C should be D must be 2 But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B should have arrived C arrive D arrived 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十八頁，共48頁二、虛擬語氣用于賓語從句中 Wish 的賓語從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來未來：過去時(shí)（過去時(shí)（were）過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird I wish I hadnt made such a mistake We wish our parents would

14、nt punish us. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十九頁，共48頁用于賓語從句用于賓語從句現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十頁，共48頁I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.I wish I were a bird.I wish I could fly like a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十一頁，共48頁He wish he hadnteaten so much watermelon.I wish the lunch time would come s

15、oon.I wish it would rain tomorrow.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十二頁，共48頁P(yáng)ractice 1 He is not a pilot, but he wishes he_ (be).2.I wish I _(meet) him yesterday.3.I wish it _(be) fine tomorrow.4.A: You have made some mistakes. B: I wish I _mistakes every day.dont make B. havent made C. wouldnt have madeA. D. didnt make 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)

16、的是第二十三頁，共48頁2.I wish they _ in this ball game . A would be succeeded B would be successful C had been success D had been successful 3. He wished he _ more about the subject , so he could talk about it . A had known B knew C would know D knows 4. How I wish I _ a doctor , and _ the dying girl . A am

17、, can save B was , saved C were , could save D will be , will save 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十四頁，共48頁5. -What shall we do next ? -I wish that Bill _ here . If he _ here , he would tell us what to do . A has been , has been B would be , would be C were , were D is , is 6 .How I wish every family _ a large house with a

18、 beautiful garden !A has B had C will have D had had 7. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十五頁，共48頁2.在表示建議，要求，命令的詞在表示建議，要求，命令的詞“suggest,demand,order,propose,insist,command,request,desire” 后的賓語從句中：后的賓語從句中： “(should) +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞

19、原形”e.g. I suggest that we (should) set off at once. I demanded that he (should) answer me immediately.(一個(gè)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)堅(jiān)持insist ，兩個(gè)命令，兩個(gè)命令order, command ，三個(gè)建議，三個(gè)建議advise, suggest, propose四個(gè)要求四個(gè)要求demand , require, request, desire)注：以上動(dòng)詞的名詞形式用于同位語從句中，注：以上動(dòng)詞的名詞形式用于同位語從句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞也是用從句中的動(dòng)詞也是用“(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”現(xiàn)在

20、學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十六頁，共48頁P(yáng)ractice : I advised that the sick child _ a hospital as soon as possible . A should sent to B should be sent C be sent to D must be sent to 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be 20 percent . A be raised B would be raised 1. C raised D raise 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十七頁，共48頁3 The gu

21、ard at the gate insisted that everybody _ the rules . A obeys B obey C will obey D would obey 4. Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill , and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination . A be , should have B was , have C should be , had D was , has 5. - Do you know where he comes from ?

22、-No , but his accent suggests that he _ from the south . A was B should be C is D were 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十八頁，共48頁注意：注意：suggest 當(dāng)表示當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“講時(shí)，講時(shí)，insist 表示表示”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語氣。氣。Eg : The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted that he had never stolen t

23、he money.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十九頁，共48頁 三用語表語從句和同位語從句三用語表語從句和同位語從句在在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /demand 等名詞后的表語和同位語從等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中句中要用要用“should動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”should可以省略可以省略現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十頁，共48頁Eg : My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.We all agree to tha

24、t suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off. 考題點(diǎn)擊：考題點(diǎn)擊： His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十一頁，共48頁 We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off His

25、recommendation was that an experienced sales manager _ to the branch company in Shanghai to take charge of the marketing there. A. was sent B. send C. be sent D. would be sent現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十二頁，共48頁3. Would rather that寧愿寧愿現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come.

26、I would rather you came tomorrow. 過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí) would prefer , 表示一種表示一種希望希望和和委婉委婉的責(zé)備。的責(zé)備。Eg : I would prefer he didnt stay there too long next week . 我寧愿下周他不要在這待的太久。我寧愿下周他不要在這待的太久?，F(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十三頁，共48頁四四 .用于主語從句中用于主語從句中 1.It is necessaryimportant strangenatural impossible / surprising + that 從句。從句。從句從句中的中的

27、謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞用用should+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原原形形，should 可以可以省略省略?，F(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十四頁，共48頁Eg :It is necessary that you (should) clean the room after work. It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she （should ）refuse to come to the party. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十五頁，共48頁2. It is suggesteddesired / ordered / r

28、equested / proposed / demanded that從句從句從句從句中的中的謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞用用should+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原原形形，should 可以可以省略省略現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十六頁，共48頁Eg : It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. It is ordered that the work (should) be done at once.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十七頁，共48頁3. It is a pitya shameno wonder + that 從句從句從句從句中的中的謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞用用should+

29、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原原形形，should 可以省略可以省略省略省略 eg : It is a pity that he should be so careless.真可惜他竟然如此粗心真可惜他竟然如此粗心現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十八頁，共48頁考題點(diǎn)擊：考題點(diǎn)擊：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told

30、現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第三十九頁，共48頁五、虛擬語氣在其他從句中五、虛擬語氣在其他從句中 It is (high / about ) time that “到做到做-的時(shí)間了的時(shí)間了.” 注意注意:should不能省略不能省略過去時(shí)should +V原.我們該去睡覺了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第四十頁，共48頁2.If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句引導(dǎo)的感嘆句“要是該有多好啊要是該有多好啊”用法與用法與wish 相同相同Eg : If only I knew the answer! If on

31、ly I had seen the film yesterday!現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第四十一頁，共48頁 “好象好象”3. as if /though + Clause 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用過去式用過去式與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反 過去完成式過去完成式Would / could / might +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第四十二頁，共48頁1) as if /as though連接表語從句連接表語從句 He talks as if he knew where she was . He looked as if he hadnt slept for two days.2) as if / as though連接狀語從連接狀語從 句句 She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.He speaks to us as if he had been