1、全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)（二）測(cè)評(píng)卷（滿分100分）一、完形填空（15分 每題1分 共15題）Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.  1  a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions hav

2、e been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment “would soon revolutionize the very  3  of money itself,” only to  4  itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society be

3、en so  5  in coming? Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work  6  the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very  7  to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunicati

4、ons networks necessary to make electronic money the  8  form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they  9  receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to  10  . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”it takes

5、several days  11  a check is cashed and funds are  12  from the issuers account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime.  13  electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electroni

6、c means of payment may  14  security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information  15  there. 1. A HoweverB MoreoverC ThereforeD Otherwise2. A offB backC overD around3. A powerB

7、concept C historyD role4. A rewardB resistC resumeD reverse5. A silent B suddenC slowD steady6. A forB againstCwithD on7. A imaginative B expensiveC sensitiveD productive8. A similarB originalC temporaryD dominant9. A collectB provideC copyD print10. A give upB take overC bring backD pass down11. A

8、beforeB afterC sinceD when12. A keptB borrowedC releasedD withdrawn13. A UnlessB UntilC BecauseD Though14. A hideB expressC raiseDease15. A analyzedB sharedC storedD displayed二、閱讀理解（40分 每題4分 共10題）Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton c

9、ountry about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “ a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidsons article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appe

10、ared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.

11、In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just wont earn you what it used to. It cant when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, c

12、heap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extratheir unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But theres been an acce

13、leration. As Davidson notes, “ In the 10 years ending in 2009, U. S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobsabout 6 million in total disappeared.”There will always be changenew jobs, new products

14、, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I. T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to

15、do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G. I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.16. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_.A the impact of technological advancesB the alleviation

16、 of job pressureC the shrinkage of textile millsD the decline of middle-class incomes17. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to_.A work on cheap softwareB ask for a moderate salaryC adopt an average lifestyleD contribute something unique18. The quotation in Paragraph 4 exp

17、lains that _.A gains of technology have been erasedB job opportunities are disappearing at a high speedC factories are making much less money than beforeD new jobs and services have been offered19. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_. A to accelerate the I. T

18、. revolution B to ensure more education for people C to advance economic globalization D to pass more bills in the 21st century20. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text? A New Law Takes Effect B Technology Goes Cheap C Average Is Over&#

19、160;D Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and go home. Between 1908 and 19

20、15, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide

21、 newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens fit for deportation. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We dont need more categor

22、ies, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges. Crop pickers,

23、violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among todays birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage

24、to have a job in one place and a family in another. With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need the

25、m to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably. Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the midd

26、le ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.21. “Birds of passage” refers to those who_.A immigrate across the AtlanticB leave their home countries for goodC s

27、tay in a foreign country temporarilyD find permanent jobs overseas22 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the U. S. _. A needs new immigrant categoriesB has loosened control over immigrantsC should be adapted to meet challengesD has been fixed via political means23. Ac

28、cording to the author, todays birds of passage want_.A financial incentivesB a global recognitionC opportunities to get regular jobsD the freedom to stay and leave24. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated _.A as faithful partnersB with economic favorsC with legal tole

29、ranceD as mighty rivals25. Which is the best title for the passage?A Come and Go: Big Mistake.B Living and Thriving: Great Risk.C With or Without: Great Risk.D Legal or Illegal: Big mistake.三、新題型（10分 每題2分 共5題）Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable he

30、ading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (26-30). A Live like a peasantB Balance your dietC Shopkeepers are your friendsD Remember to treat yourselfE Stick to what you needF Planning is everythingG Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances hi

31、s love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at Londons best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed

32、, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. “The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that Id lost. But its still a day-by-day thing.” Now hes livi

33、ng in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. Hes feeling positive, but hell carry on bloggingnot about eating as cheaply as you can“there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food”but eating well on a budget. Heres his advice for economical fo

34、odies.26._Impulsive spending isnt an option, so plan your weeks menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: its not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. Its a

35、lso a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being human, youll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.27._This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, theres not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you pl

36、an properly, youll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.28._You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezerthats not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and f

37、ish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables youll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to “go off” will be cooked or juiced.29._Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even f

38、or small things, and be super friendly. Soon youll feel comfortable asking if theyve any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they will let you have for free.30._You wont be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant£1.75 a wee