1、畢畢 業(yè)業(yè) 設(shè)設(shè) 計(jì)（論計(jì)（論 文）文）外外 文文 參參 考考資資 料料 及及 譯譯 文文譯文題目：譯文題目：SAPSAP R/3R/3SDSD IntroductionIntroduction學(xué)生姓名：學(xué)生姓名：張明明學(xué)學(xué)號(hào)：號(hào)： 0705110413專專業(yè)：業(yè)：計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)所在學(xué)院：所在學(xué)院：信息技術(shù)學(xué)院指導(dǎo)教師：指導(dǎo)教師：錢(qián)怡/洪蕾職職稱：稱：資深軟件項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/講師2010 年12月20日要求學(xué)生結(jié)合畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）課題參閱一篇以上的外文資料，并翻譯至少一萬(wàn)印刷符（或譯出 3 千漢字）以上的譯文。譯文原則上要求打印（如手寫(xiě)，一律用 400 字方格稿紙書(shū)寫(xiě)） ，連同學(xué)校提供的統(tǒng)一封面及

2、英文原文裝訂，于畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）工作開(kāi)始后 2 周內(nèi)完成，作為成績(jī)考核的一部分。SAPR/3 Sales and Distribution (SD)-taken from page 2-10Abstract：SAP R / 3 SD emphasis on world-class sales and distribution methodsrequired to serve users around the world. SD is a process-driven applications, fullyintegrated with the R / 3 system.SD Features:

3、Multi-lingual, multi-currency processingMulti-enterprise, multi-lingual, multi-currency sales order processing, so that you canuse a language, enter a command can be conducted international business.Applications R / 3 SD and trading partners in other countries, you can automaticallyconvert into othe

4、r national languages and currencies. By determining the boundariesof each partners business content is received by the appropriate local languages andcurrencies to express, which will help to serve the global market.TrimmingSD fine-tuning technology enables you to adapt to the needs of enterprise fe

5、atures. Byfine-tuning the order type, you can quickly adjust the system to meet your changingbusiness needs, so that your sales will not be a big landslide. 90s ever-changingbusiness processes is normal, SD will enable you to continuously improve the basis,not on the basis of the initial re-run your

6、 business process.Pricing flexibilityR / 3 SD pricing flexibility and strong completeness, so that in January 1995 by theBenchmarking Partners of CambridgeMass its evaluation is described in this capacityis a world-class, even the most challenging to support the industry . You can use therules to pr

7、icing, and can store the most complex pricing. R / 3 SD to make yourcustomer service representative from the complex pricing in the freed labor to makethem more committed to their jobs: sales and service. With the SD-depth pricing, youwill take more initiative in the competition.Order Status and Cus

8、tomer Service inquiriesOrder Status / Customer Service inquiries, make your system very easy to get fromyour wealth of information about orders. Through the system you can even chart theprogress of orders. Your companys customer service staff before they can answercustomer inquiries about order stat

9、us and other issues.Excellence in the order entryIn the daily order processing, the simple one-screen information is sufficient. Enterthe customer name, product, quantity. The other by the main data processing. Basedon availability and credit check, you simply click the mouse, the order will beregis

10、tered storage.Products according to customer order entry numbersR / 3 order entry allows you to use your product number (not your own number) into acustomer order. Once you have a customer material information records stored in theproduct number of your products and your customer number, you can sim

11、ply recordthe number of customers, the system will be based on your product number, so thatyou enter in order to save time and labor.Alarge number of order entryA large number of order entry feature allows you to image processing as a simple filerecords with the largest sales orders, at the same tim

12、e, in that order, the faster you canstill move a customer part number or a special product registration numbers .Project IndependenceR / 3 SD can be like dealing with a separate order, as dealt with in a sales order foreach item, so you will have the maximum flexibility to deal with order informatio

13、nand maintain customer satisfaction.Discount dealSD in the treatment gives you a variety of discount options, including on product,product group, customer and purchase group discounts. This feature is primarilydesigned for customers packaged goods industry, and most follow the discountprinciple. Let

14、 your billing in SD to minimize the inconvenience to enable youremployees to do more meaningful work.EDIEDI is a key part of sales. Your business needs to be as much as possible the mostefficient way to express - such as electronic data. Use of EDI means electronictransmission of data users can imme

15、diately access and can be applied to your R / 3 SDsystem. SD in the EDI interface to ensure your sales operation has the fastest speedand integration capabilities. EDI can even activate a workflow process. For example,because of an invalid product number, or by credit holds, or because of other crit

16、eriasuch as the activation of a sales order workflow events.Sales Information SystemR / 3 sales information system allows you to collect, merge and use the sales anddistribution activities of any type of data. With real-time data and compare it with theplanned value, so that on-site sales activity t

17、ends to be more timely decisions, andthentakeactiontoresolveproblemsortakeadvantageofdevelopmentopportunities.You can quickly filter large amounts of data from the SD of the mostimportant information, and accurate processing of the tasks that youneedinformation.Ability to cross-referenceCross-refere

18、ncing system allows you based on different criteria, such as thecustomers product number, Universal Product Code (UPC) or the failure of productsto determine the appropriate product number. You can follow the principle ofselection based on a list of wrapper code to determine the appropriate product.

19、 Forexample, a client may not provide any product will be inserted into the packaging ofproducts with the gift, then to find such alternatives in the system before the code ofthese packages will not be listed in the selection list.Check availabilityBefore the completion of order entry, availability

20、check is mainly check whether youhave on hand the number of products have been sufficient to meet the needs of neworders. If you do not have enough product shipped quickly, so check availability inreal time to determine when to obtain the required number. You can specify whetheryour system is based

21、on the available conventions (ATP) to check the number, orwhether it is planned to be checked. System also takes into account the lead time ofreplenishment. You can even check the availability of multiple plants. All contributeto your organization to potential bottlenecks in the delivery of the late

22、st informationon sales orders to make decisions, and improve customer satisfaction, while helpingyou complete the business process as planned.Materials Management and FinancialAccounting IntegrationAnd materials management system integration, when you generate a sales order,including third-party pro

23、ject, the system automatically generates purchase requisitionsprocurement functions. These purchases products directly to customers may be at, orsent to the warehouse, and orders to be shipped with other products. Once you assignthe sales department and factory, they started with the financial accou

24、nting system (R/ 3 FI) integration. Code within a company to retain a number of sales can be veryeffective, a single plant can be assigned a number of sales. When you make theseallocations, they generate the R / 3 system, mobile and financial data automaticallyconnected. This is the decision of the

25、R / 3 SD has a world class reputation of thesystem integration.Batch controlSD of the volume control function allows you to assign a single volume on the salesorder, or wait until the confirmation prior to shipment batch processing. SD will befurther by checking to check to make sure your bulk break

26、down of the inventory tomeet customer needs. SD also by checking to ensure that customers meet deadlinesand any other needs.Service ManagementSD of the service includes a complete set of customer service functions, including callmanagement, warranty management and service contracts processing. It al

27、so includesrental or purchase of equipment maintenance and repair contracts, and allows you torecord the whole process to ensure immediate response and accurate billing service.Return, credit and lending treatmentSD of return, credit and loan processing functions mainly deal with items returned bycu

28、stomers. Collection of features, including views of the sales transaction regardlessof whether the priority of reference, are free to send for return, credit and lendingmemorandum. The system will handle delivery and billing by freezing to help obtainaccurate and efficient process to prepare for the

29、 other departments need to reviewthese transactions using the process.Check credit limitR / 3 SD give you credit inspections great flexibility. You can at any time during thesales cycle, from order receipt to delivery, the use of credit limit checking. You canalso focus or decomposition process or t

30、he operation of any process establishedbetween the credit check. For a given customer, you can define a total limit and / orcontrol of the definition of a specific credit limit. You can also determine the limitbeyond the system response time.Product structureConfigurable products is another area of

31、great flexibility. When you enter a salesorder configuration of the product, R / 3 SD will automatically invoke the editor canbe configured, you can easily pre-defined configuration from the options. You candefine a separate configuration option or generate with a variety of levels of materialseries

32、.Youcanevenconfiguretheproductof the keycomponentsintheimplementation of the availability check.Foreign tradeChanging trade regulations and tariffs of any international organization faces a toughchallenge. These constraints will affect your entire logistics chain, from raw materialsto finished produ

33、cts, inventory and financial accounting. R / 3 SD of the trade featureallows you to effectively complete these requirements, including support for EDIinterface for foreign trade information, export permits flexible management of theautomatic reporting, and the MFN treaty statement. R / 3 SD will ens

34、ure that theborder line of your organization is no longer an obstacle to development.Shipping TransportR / 3 in the shipping and transportation management is SD and the R / 3 system,materials management and financial accounting modules close together. So. No matterwhere you are in the system, the cu

35、rrent shipment information can be controlled inyour hands. In addition to the shipping module provides a flexible and comprehensivesupport for carrying, but also provides trade processing, shipping cut-off date ofmonitoring, shipment of the integrated support for flexibility, as well as transport,pa

36、ckaging and loading the integrated support.Global client / server applications leaderR / 3 SD is a popular leader in integrated application, since the inception of theproduct in 1992, has over 6000 world-leading client / server has used a R / 3integrated series of results. The current R / 3 has more

37、 than 40 million customers /server users. SAP is the world client / server application software leader, SAPssoftware sales in Europe, number one, ranked fifth in the world, 1995 sales of 18.8billion U.S. dollars.references：1 Wang Wen, Sun Jian, SAP financial management of Guinness, TsinghuaUniversit

38、y Press, 2005.2 Chen Zhaoqing, Lanying, SAP ECC 5.0/6.0 General Ledger System ApplicationGuide, Posts & Telecom Press, 2007.3 Yin Jian Hong, financial executives and ERP / ERP UF series, Tsinghua UniversityPress, 2006.4 Wen-yang, Yin Fengxia. SAP from the entry to the master M. People Post Press

39、,2010.5 Williams, GC SAP Sales and Distribution Implementation Guide M. People PostPress, 2010.6 Jun Tang China. SAP ABAP Utility Development Strategy M. MachineryIndustry Press, 2010.7Yu Yang, Wen Yan. SAP Supply Chain Management M. Oriental Press, 2008.8 (U.S.) Anderson, (U.S.) Rhodes, (U.S.) Davi

40、s. SAP Essentials (3rd Edition) M.People Post Press, 2010.9 Wang Wen. 100 hours of Institute of SAP M. Oriental Press, 2006.3383c4bb4cd2f4.html12 (U.S.)Anderson, La Kaluo. SAP Essentials M. People Post Press, 2008.13 Wang. Actual SAP application development - learn from the example SAPABAPProgrammin

41、g M. Electronic Industry Press, 2006.14 Huang Jia. SAP program design M. Machinery Industry Press, 2005.15 Huang Jia. SAP Advanced Application Development M. People Post Press,2008.SAPSAPR/3R/3 銷售與分銷（銷售與分銷（SDSD）-摘自SAP R/3 介紹第 2 頁(yè)至 10 頁(yè)SAP R/3 SD 強(qiáng)調(diào)銷售與分銷需用世界一流的方法服務(wù)于全世界用戶。SD 是一種處理過(guò)程驅(qū)動(dòng)的應(yīng)用，全面集成與 R/3 系統(tǒng)中

42、。SD 主要特點(diǎn)：多語(yǔ)種，多貨幣處理多語(yǔ)種，多貨幣處理多企業(yè)， 多語(yǔ)種， 多種貨幣的銷售訂單處理功能， 使你能用一種語(yǔ)言，輸入一個(gè)指令便可進(jìn)行一次國(guó)際間的業(yè)務(wù)。應(yīng)用 R/3 SD 與其他國(guó)家的伙伴進(jìn)行交易時(shí)，可以自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換成其他國(guó)家語(yǔ)言和貨幣。通過(guò)確定國(guó)界， 每一個(gè)伙伴收到的業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)容是用相應(yīng)的本地語(yǔ)言和貨幣來(lái)表述的，這將有助于服務(wù)全球市場(chǎng)。微調(diào)技術(shù)微調(diào)技術(shù)微調(diào)技術(shù)能使 SD 適應(yīng)你企業(yè)功能的需要。通過(guò)微調(diào)訂單類型，你可以很快的調(diào)整系統(tǒng)以滿足你不斷變化的業(yè)務(wù)需求， 使你的銷售額不會(huì)出現(xiàn)大的滑坡。90 年代商業(yè)過(guò)程的不斷變化屬于正常情況，SD 將能使你在不斷提高的基礎(chǔ)上， 而不是在初始運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ)上重

43、組你的商業(yè)過(guò)程。定價(jià)靈活性定價(jià)靈活性R/3 SD 的定價(jià)靈活性和完備性很強(qiáng)，以致于 1995 年 1 月由Benchmarking Partners of CambridgeMass 對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)是，敘述這一能力”是世界級(jí)的，甚至可以支持最富挑戰(zhàn)性的行業(yè)”。你可以利用有關(guān)規(guī)則來(lái)定價(jià)，并可以存儲(chǔ)最復(fù)雜的定價(jià)情況。R/3 SD 使你的用戶服務(wù)代表從復(fù)雜的定價(jià)勞苦中解脫出來(lái)， 使他們更致力于本職工作：銷售與服務(wù)。隨著 SD 定價(jià)的深入，你將在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中越來(lái)越主動(dòng)。訂單狀況和顧客服務(wù)查詢訂單狀況和顧客服務(wù)查詢訂單狀況/顧客服務(wù)查詢使你很方便的從你系統(tǒng)中獲得有關(guān)訂單情況的大量信息。通過(guò)系統(tǒng)你甚至可以用圖表表

44、示訂單的進(jìn)度。你公司的客戶服務(wù)人員在客戶問(wèn)詢之前便可以回答有關(guān)訂單狀況等問(wèn)題。優(yōu)等的訂單輸入優(yōu)等的訂單輸入在日常訂單處理中，簡(jiǎn)單的一屏信息就足夠了。輸入客戶名，產(chǎn)品，數(shù)量。其他都由主數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)處理?；谟行院托刨J核對(duì)，你只需點(diǎn)擊一下鼠標(biāo)，訂單便被登記入庫(kù)。按客戶產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼的訂單輸入按客戶產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼的訂單輸入R/3 訂單輸入允許你利用客戶的產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼（而非你自己的號(hào)碼）進(jìn)入一個(gè)客戶訂單。 一旦你在一個(gè)客戶材料信息記錄中存儲(chǔ)了你的產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼和你客戶的產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼，你可以簡(jiǎn)單的記錄該客戶的號(hào)碼，該系統(tǒng)將參照你的產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼，使你在訂單輸入中節(jié)省時(shí)間和勞力。大量的訂單輸入大量的訂單輸入大量的訂單輸入功能允許你像處理一份

45、簡(jiǎn)單文件那樣記錄具有最大的銷售訂單，與此同時(shí)，在那個(gè)訂單內(nèi)，你仍可以快速的移到一個(gè)客戶部件號(hào)碼或一種專用產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼的登記中。項(xiàng)目獨(dú)立項(xiàng)目獨(dú)立R/3 SD 可以像處理一份單獨(dú)的訂單那樣在一份銷售訂單中處理每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目， 因此將使你具有最大的靈活性來(lái)處理訂單信息和保持客戶滿意。折扣處理折扣處理SD 中的折扣處理給了你多樣選擇，包括基于產(chǎn)品，產(chǎn)品組，客戶及購(gòu)買(mǎi)群體的折扣。該功能主要設(shè)計(jì)用于客戶包裝貨物行業(yè)，一般遵循折扣原則。讓 SD 將你開(kāi)票中的不便減到最小，使你的員工去做其他更有意義的工作。EDIEDIEDI 是銷售中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵部分。你的業(yè)務(wù)需要應(yīng)盡可能地以最快捷的方式進(jìn)行快遞-如電子數(shù)據(jù)。使用 ED

46、I 意味著電子傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)立即可以為用戶所獲得，并可以應(yīng)用于你的 R/3 SD 系統(tǒng)中。SD 中的EDI 接口將確保你的銷售運(yùn)作具有最快的速度和集成功能。EDI 甚至可以激活一個(gè)工作流過(guò)程。例如，由于無(wú)效的產(chǎn)品號(hào)，或者因信用持有，或者因其他判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等而激活一個(gè)銷售訂單的工作流事件。銷售信息系統(tǒng)銷售信息系統(tǒng)R/3 的銷售信息系統(tǒng)允許你收集，合并和使用銷售與分銷活動(dòng)中任何類型的數(shù)據(jù)。借助實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)并將它與計(jì)劃值比較，使現(xiàn)場(chǎng)銷售活動(dòng)更趨于及早決斷，隨后采取行動(dòng)解決問(wèn)題或充分利用開(kāi)發(fā)機(jī)遇。你可以迅速?gòu)?SD 大量數(shù)據(jù)中篩選出最重要的信息，并且準(zhǔn)確的加工出你的任務(wù)所需要的信息。相互參照能力相互參照能力系統(tǒng)中

47、相互參照功能允許你基于不同的準(zhǔn)則，如客戶的產(chǎn)品號(hào)，通用產(chǎn)品代碼（UPC）或失效產(chǎn)品等，來(lái)確定合適的產(chǎn)品號(hào)碼。你還可以依照基于包裝代碼選擇原則的清單來(lái)確定合適的產(chǎn)品。例如，一個(gè)客戶可能不提供將插入到任何產(chǎn)品包裝中的隨贈(zèng)產(chǎn)品， 那么在系統(tǒng)找到這種替代品之前，這些包裝代碼將不列在選擇的清單中?？捎眯詸z查可用性檢查在完成訂單輸入之前， 可用性檢查主要是核對(duì)你手邊是否具有足夠數(shù)量產(chǎn)品已滿足新訂單需求。如果你手邊沒(méi)有足夠產(chǎn)品能夠很快發(fā)貨，那么可用性檢查將實(shí)時(shí)確定何時(shí)可獲得所需的數(shù)量。 你可以規(guī)定是否你的系統(tǒng)基于可用的約定（ATP）數(shù)量來(lái)進(jìn)行檢查，或者它是否按照計(jì)劃來(lái)進(jìn)行檢查。系統(tǒng)還考慮補(bǔ)貨的提前期。你甚至

48、可以檢查多個(gè)工廠的可用性。 所有這些都有助于你的組織機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)潛在的交貨瓶頸的最新信息，做出銷售訂單的決策，并且在改善客戶滿意程度的同時(shí)，幫助你按計(jì)劃完成商業(yè)過(guò)程。與物料管理和財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)的集成與物料管理和財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)的集成與物料管理系統(tǒng)集成后，當(dāng)你生成一份銷售訂單包括第三方項(xiàng)目時(shí)，該系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)在采購(gòu)功能中生成采購(gòu)申請(qǐng)。 這些采購(gòu)產(chǎn)品可能被直接送到客戶處，或被送到倉(cāng)庫(kù)，以便與訂單上其他產(chǎn)品一并裝運(yùn)。一旦你分配銷售部門(mén)和工廠時(shí)， 便開(kāi)始了與財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)系統(tǒng)（R/3 FI） 的集成。在一個(gè)公司代碼內(nèi)，保留若干個(gè)銷售部門(mén)可能十分有效，一個(gè)單一工廠可以被分配若干個(gè)銷售部門(mén)。當(dāng)你進(jìn)行這些分配時(shí)，便生成了 R/3系統(tǒng)中自動(dòng)財(cái)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)的移動(dòng)和連接。這就是決定了 R/3 SD 具有“世界級(jí)”聲譽(yù)的系統(tǒng)集成。批量控制批量控制SD 中的批量控制功能允許你在銷售訂單上分配單個(gè)批量，或者等到在確認(rèn)批量之前裝運(yùn)處理時(shí)。SD 將進(jìn)一步通過(guò)檢查以檢查以確保你的批量細(xì)目能滿足客戶的清單需求。SD 還通過(guò)檢查以確保滿足截止日期