1、. z.-英語語法簡單句專項練習題句子成分都由單詞或短語擔任，且只有一個主謂構造的句子叫做簡單句。初中階段我們需要重 點掌握簡單句的六種根本句型及其主要用法。一、 S + V 主語不及物動詞這種句型簡稱為主謂構造。不及物動詞是指那些本身意義已完整，后面不需要接賓語的動詞， 如 e, go, swim, appear, run, arrive, fall 等。如：Did you go by sea？你們走的是海路嗎？No, we flew. 不，我們是坐飛機去的。有時，不及物動詞后面會跟副詞、介詞短語等作狀語。如：Why dont you e at once when I call you 我叫

2、你時，你為什么不馬上來？【練習導航】 . 根據(jù)漢語完成以下英語句子，每空一詞。1. 他在聽。 He _ _.2. 昨晚你睡得好嗎？Did you _ _ last night3. 這場雨持續(xù)了兩個小時。 The rain _ _ two hours.4. 事物總是變化的。 Things always _.5. 他來中國的夢想實現(xiàn)了。His dream to China _ _ _.二、 S + V + P 主語系動詞表語系動詞通常與表語一起構成系表構造，用來說明主語的性質、特點或狀態(tài)等。表語通常由名詞、 形容詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句等充當。常見的系動詞有be, loo

3、k, sound, smell, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, bee, stay, seem 等。如：All her friends are now outside the door. 她的所有朋友現(xiàn)在都在門外。The milk turned sour. 牛奶變酸了?！揪毩晫Ш健糠g下面的漢語句子。1. 他感到有點累。2. 這聽起來是個好主意。3. 他的夢想是成為一名醫(yī)生。4. 我最喜歡的運動是游泳。5. 問題是你想干什么。6. 他總是樂于助人。7. 這盤菜聞起來不錯。8. 那個女孩是我的妹妹。三、 S + V + O 主語及物動詞賓語及物動詞后面必須接賓語才能

4、表達一個完整的意思。賓語是動作的承受者，一般由名詞、代詞、 動詞不定式、動名詞等充當。如：Hes having lunch. 他正在吃午餐。I prefer standing. 我寧愿站著。He promised to lend me some books. 他容許借給我?guī)妆緯??！揪毩晫Ш健?. 找出以下句子的賓語。1. He handed in his homework this morning. _2. Help yourself to some soup, Jim. _3. He forgot which way to go. _4. Would you mind waiting for

5、 a few minutes _5. Ill do what I can. _ . 根據(jù)漢語完成以下英語句子，每空一詞。6. 你認識這些人嗎？Do you _ _ _. z.-7. 今天早上他完成了報告。He _ _ _ this morning.8. 現(xiàn)在我來自我介紹一下。 Now Ill _ _.9. 他已經決定搬到去了。He has decided _ _ _ Beijing.10. 我不記得事故是什么時候發(fā)生的。I dont remember _ the accident _.四、 S + V + IO + DO 主語及物動詞間接賓語直接賓語有些及物動詞，如 hand, give, t

6、hrow, lend, sing, read, write, buy, leave, make, pass, tell, get 等可以帶雙 賓語，一個賓語指人，稱為間接賓語；另一個指物，稱為直接賓語。及物動詞帶雙賓語通常有 以下兩種構造：1. 及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語2. 及物動詞+直接賓語+to / for+間接賓語 【練習導航】 . 找出以下句子中的直接賓語。1. She gave me her telephone number. _2. Bring me some water, please. _3. Ill make you some fresh tea. _4. He sang

7、 us a folk song. _5. She showed me her paintings. _ . 將以下句子改為同義句。6. Tom gave me a nice pen. Tom _ a nice pen _ me.7. My mother bought my little sister a pink skirt. My mother _ a pink skirt _ my little sister.8. She cooked us a delicious meal. She _ a delicious meal _ us. 【溫馨提示】*些動詞引導的間接賓語可改為 to 引導的

8、短語，這類動詞有 give, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write, throw, sell, email 等。如：Can you lend us your car 你能把車借給我們嗎？Can you lend your car to us*些動詞引導的間接賓語可改為 for 引導的短語，這類動詞有 buy, play, get, make, order, choose, sing, pay 等。如：My uncle bought me a watch. 我叔叔給我買了一塊表。My uncle bought a watc

9、h for me.五、 S + V + O + OC 主語及物動詞賓語賓語補足語有些及物動詞加上賓語后，它的意思表達還是不完整，這就需要再加上一個補足語來使句子的 意思完整。賓語補足語通常由形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、V-ing 形式等充當。 如：Please dont call me Lucy. 請不要叫我露西。I found the bo* empty. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)箱子是空的。The teacher told us to do some e*ercises. 教師要我們做一些練習題。【練習導航】 . 找出以下句子中的賓語補足語。1. They call their daughte

10、r Mary. _2. Dont leave me behind. _3. I wish you to be happy. _4. I saw her chatting with Nancy. _5. Good food keeps you healthy. _ . 翻譯下面的漢語句子。6. 他們請我和他們一道去。7. 我剛剛看見她在跟簡談話。8. 你注意到他進來了嗎？六、 there be 句型there be 句型主要用來表示“*地有*物或*人。如果 be 動詞后面有兩個或兩個以上的主語， be 動詞的選用需要遵循“就近原則。如：There is a dictionary, three b

11、ooks and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一本字典，三本書和一支鋼筆?！揪毩晫Ш健? z.- . 根據(jù)漢語完成以下英語句子，每空一詞。 1. 一個男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。 _ _ a boy _ with a dog in the yard.2. 以前在街道拐角處有一家商店。_ _ _ _ a shop on the corner of the street.8. 可能會有一個更好的方法來做這件事。_ _ _ a better way to do this.9. 沒有空氣就沒有聲音. _ _ _ sound without air.10. 沒有時間再等你了。_ _ n

12、o time _ _ _ you.Key：一、 . 1. is listening 2. sleep well 3. lasted for4. change 5. has e true . 6-10 ABBCD二、 1. He feels a little tired. 2. It sounds a good idea.3. Is Helen in 4. My puter is in the study.5. His dream is to bee a doctor. 6. My favorite sport is swimming.7. The question is what you wa

13、nt to do.8. He is always ready to help others.9. The dish smells good. 10. The girl is my sister.三、 . 1. his homework 2. yourself 3. which way to go4. waiting 5. what I can . 6. know these people 7. finished his report8. introduce myself 9. to move to10. when; happened四、 . 1. her telephone number 2.

14、 some water3. some fresh tea 4. a folk song 5. her paintings . 6. gave; to 7. bought; for 8. cooked; for9. showed; to 10. made; for五、 . 1. Mary 2. behind 3. to be happy4. chatting with Nancy 5. healthy . 6. They asked me to go with them.7. I saw her talking with Jane just now.8. Do you think the mov

15、ie wonderful9. What do you advise me to do10. Did you notice him e in六、 . 1-5 ADCBC . 6. There is; playing 7. There used to be8. There might be 9. There is no 10. There is; to wait for高中英語語法定語從句總復習資興三中 俊才定義： 用來說明主句中*一名詞或代詞有時也可說明整個主句或主句中一局部而起定語作用 的句子叫作定語從句。一、關系帶詞引導的定語從句1. 關系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞用于限制從句或

16、非限制性從句 只用于限制性從句代替人或物whichwhichWhose (=of which)WhomWhose (=of whom)主語主語賓語thatthat句子成分代替人代替物Who例1： This is the detective who came from London.例2： The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.2關系代詞的用法. z.-(1) 如果先行詞是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代詞， 關系代

17、詞一般只用 that，不用 which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.所有人都迸出眼淚。 (2) 如果先行詞被形容詞最高級以及 first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very 等詞修飾， 關系代 詞常用 that,不用which, who，或 whom。(3) 非限制性定語從句中，不能用關系代詞 that,作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of w

18、hom、are well educated.(4) which 還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概 念或局部概念。在這種從句中， which 可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思是與 and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the petition, which made his parents very happy.(5) that 可指人或物，在從句中作表語，指人作主語時多用 who僅用于限制性定語從句中。(6) which 可作表語，既可指人，以可指物。指人時，一般指從事*種職業(yè)或是有*種特征品性 或才能

19、的人。 Which 引導的定語從句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。(7) 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體，關系代詞用 which;假設是指集體中的各個成員， 則用 who。(8) 先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關系代詞應該用 that。(9) 如果先行詞是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關系代詞應該用 who 或 whom，不用 which。例如： Is there anyone here who will go with you 在這的所有人中誰和你 一起去？3“介詞關系代詞“是一個普遍使用的構

20、造(1) “介詞關系代詞“可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句?！敖樵~關 系代詞“構造中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，關系代詞只可用 whom 或 which,不可用 that。(2) from where 為“介詞關系副詞“構造，但也可以引導定語從句。例如： We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.(3) 像 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to

21、, take care of 等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般 不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如： This is the boy whom she has taken care of. 這是她曾今照顧的孩 子。二、關系副詞引導的定語從句1 關系副詞也可以引導定語從句關系副詞在從句中分別表示時間地點或原因。關系副詞 when 在從句中充當時間狀語，where 充 當?shù)攸c狀語， why 充當原因狀語。2. that 可引導定語從句表示時間地點或原因That 有時可以代替關系副詞 when, where 或者 why 引導定語從句表示時間地點或原因，在 that 引導的這種定語從句中， that 也可以

22、省去。三、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句1 二者差異比擬限制定語從句緊跟先行詞，引導詞同先行詞之間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關系代 詞關系副詞或 that 來引導。非限制性定語從句僅作補充或說明，用逗號與主句隔開，既可修 飾先行詞，又可修飾整個主句，不可用 that 引導。2 關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇依據(jù)(1) 弄清代替先行詞的關系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應選用關系副詞，作主語賓語或 表語的可選用關系代詞。3. 先行詞與定語從句隔離定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分，構成先行 詞與定語從句的隔離。例如：This is the article

23、 written by him that Is poke to you about.四、 As 在定語從句中的用法1. 引導限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句1 as 多與 such 或 the same 連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。2 as 也可單獨使用，引導非限制性定語從句，作用相當于 which。例如： The elephants nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.( 3the same that 與 the same as 在意思上是不同的。2As 引導的非限制性定語從句的位置. z.-as 引導的非限制性定語從句位置較靈活，可以位

24、于主句前面中間或后面，一般用逗號與主句 隔開，但 which 所引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如： As is e*pected, the England team won the football match.五、英語定語從句專項練習 單項填空1I think youre got to the point_ a change is needed, otherwise youll fail.A. when B. that C. where D. which2The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship wi

25、th television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which3Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. that B. by which C. which D. in which4There w

26、ere dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. where B. which C. when D. that5_ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As6_ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What7There are m

27、any people_ only on-line activity is sending and receiving s. A.who B.that C.which D.whose8EBay,Amazon and Wal Mart are popular websites_people can sell goods to each other. A.where B.which C.when D.whose9 On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _he believ

28、es that he can go to the wild.A.which B.from what C.through which D.that10I hope_the little _I have been able to do has been of some use. A.that;that B./;by which C.what;what D./;with which11The farmers use wood to build a house_to store grains all the year around. A.with which B.to which C.which D.

29、in which12This was a film_ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys. A.which B.when C.in which D.there13The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad. A.that B.what C.those D.which14A container weighs more after air is put in_proves that air has weight.A

30、.as B.it C.that D.which15Can you tell me where Peter livesOver there.The two storey house, _there is a garden.A.near it B.from which C.in front of it D.in front of which16Miss Green took up the story at the point_the thief had just made off with the jewels. A.where B.which C.as D.when17Why does she

31、always ask you for help There is no one else_ ,is thereA.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom toturn D.for her to turn18The year before last,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from _effects the people are still suffering.A.that B.whose C.those D.what19 Nowadays teenagers like to go t

32、o fast food restaurants, _ as the name suggests,eating doesnt take much time.A.who B.where C.which D.what. z.-20Later I want to return home but couldnt find a pany _I could use_I had learnt.A.where;that B.where;what C.when;what D.that;that21 Government reports,legal papers and most business letters

33、are the main situations _ English is used.A.when B.that C.how D.where22We hope the measures to control house prices，_ are taken by the government，will succeed.A.as B.when C.since D.after23The boy the teachers considered _ failed in the final e*am, surprised them very much. A.to be the best；which B.a

34、s the best student；thatC.to have been studying well；it D.such as a good student；which24The president,together with his bodyguards, _ to the nuclear station _ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.A.have e；which B.came；in whichC.has e；where D.e；in which25Is there a gas station around_ I can get some p

35、etrolA.which B.whatC.where D.that26There was_ time_ I hated to go to school. A.a；that B.a；whenC.the；that D.the；when27It was in the very house _ was built with stones _ he spent his childhood. A.that；that B.that；whereC.which；that D.which；where28These wild flowers are so special I would do _I_ them.A.

36、what；can saveC.what；can to saveB.all what；can to saveD.everything；can save29I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with farmers,_has a great effect on my life.A.that；whichB.when；whichC.which；thatD.when；who30.Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, _ days are limited,is full of

37、difficulties.A. that B. which C. it D. whose高中總復習英語定語從句專項練習卷參考答案1答案： C 解析： where 在此處引導定語從句。2答案： B 解析：此題考察定語從句。 that 引導的定語從句又在從句中作 spend 的賓語。3答案： D 解析： 由四個選項知該空格應填入定語從句的引導詞， 此句意義為： people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以先行詞 scene 應該與介詞in 搭配。4答案： A 解析：關系副詞 where 引導定語從句，修飾 trousers ，并在定語從句中作地點狀語

38、。 全句意思為：在她擦手的褲子上留下了污跡。5答案： D解析：從句意看，此題考察定語從句的用法， 故首先排除 C 項。 由于 when 在定語從句中只能作 時間狀語，而題干中的定語從句缺主語，因而排除B 項； as 與 which 引導非限制性定語從句時， which 引導的定語從句只能放在主句之后，而 as 引導的定語從句可放在主句之前，也可放在主 句之后，其中 as 表示“正如那樣。 as is often the case 為固定詞組，意為“這是常用的事；正如常見的情形。全句意思為“正如平常一樣，我們已經制訂出了工作方案。最正確答案 D。6答案： B 解析：由題干的構造及容看，逗號之前，

39、應為非限制性定語從句，應選B 項。全句 意思為：“正如報紙上報道的那樣，兩國之間的談判取得了進展。假設選A 項，此句應為： It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two.假設選 D 項， 此句應為： What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two.7答案： D 解析： whose 誰的，“有許多人，他們的上網活動只是發(fā)送和接收電子。. z.-8答案： A 解析：考察定語從句。 where 引導的定語從句，在從句中作狀語。9答案： C 解析：考察

40、定語從句。 through 為介詞提前，構成 go to the wild through.。10答案： A 解析：句子成分分析。第一個 that 引導賓語從句，第二個 that 引導定語從句，修飾 the little。11答案： D 解析： 考察定語從句和省略。 句中省略了 they want;in which 引導定語從句在從句 中作地點狀語。12答案： C 解析：“在這部電影中斯皮爾伯格用了真實的演員而不是玩具，故用in which 引 導定語從句。13答案： A解析：考察定語從句。 all 為先行詞，關系代詞用 that。14答案： D 解析：考察非限制性定語從句； which 引導

41、非限制性定語從句指代前面整句話 的意義。15答案： D 解析：考察非限制性定語從句。in front of which“ 在 的前面。16答案： A 解析：考察定語從句。 where 引導定語從句修飾先行詞 at the point。17答案： B 解析： 考察定語從句及省略。 完整形式為： There is no one else (that/who)she can turn to;turn to sb. 求助于*人。18答案： B 解析： 題意是“前年， 東南亞局部地區(qū)遭遇了洪水災害， 至今人們還在受此影響。 由題中的逗號可以判定出句子的后半局部是一個非限制性定語從句， 先行詞是 floo

42、ds。從句子的 構造可看出，定語從句中只缺少定語，也就是說，先行詞在從句中充當定語，所以引導詞要用 whose。19答案： B 解析：此題考察定語從句； where 引導定語從句，又在從句中作地點狀語。20答案： B 解析： where 引導定語從句,what 引導賓語從句?！霸诠纠镂铱梢杂玫轿宜鶎W的知識。21答案： D 解析： where 引導定語從句，在從句中作狀語，相當于 in which。22答案： A 解析： as 引導非限制性定語從句，表示“正如，并在定語從句中作主語。23答案： A 解析：后半句為非限制性定語從句， which 指代前一分句的容consider sb to be

43、。24答案： C 解析： 含有 together with 的介詞短語只對主語起補充說明作用， 對謂語動詞不產生 任何影響。 where 引導定語從句， where 在從句中作狀語。25答案： C 解析：此題考察定語從句。關系副詞在定語從句中作地點狀語。本句中around 作 定語修飾 a gas station。26答案： B 解析：此題考察冠詞和定語從句的用法。 time 作“次數(shù)解時，后接關系代詞that 引導的定語從句，即： This/It is the first/second.time that+從句； time 作“一段時光時期解時， 其前用不定冠詞，其后接關系副詞when 引導

44、的定語從句，構成： There was/is a time when.。 應選 B 。全句意思為：有這么一段時間，我不想去上學。27答案： A 解析：第二空是強調句型，強調的是狀語 in the very house。house 后是定語從句， 從句缺少主語，用 that 或 which 引導；由于 house 前有 the very 修飾，故只能用that 引導。28答案： C 解析：在 sb.do what one can to do 構造中what one can 是賓語從句， what 后不可再 使用關系代詞； 在 sb.do everything/all(that)one can t

45、o do 中， that one can 是定語從句， 該從句中只 能使用關系代詞 that，everything/all that 等于 what；在以上構造中 can 后省略了動詞 do，動詞不 定式作目的狀語。應選 C。29答案： B 解析：第一個定語從句缺時間狀語，因此第一空應該使用關系副詞when；第二個 定語從句缺主語，關系代詞指代前面整句話，因此用 which 引導非限制性定語從句。30答案： D 解析：考察定語從句。 whose 引導非限制性定語從句， whose 指代 our life journey， 在從句中作定語修飾 days。定語從句：1.Dont talk abou

46、t such things of _ you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other dayA. thatB. whereC. in which-D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last FridayA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years agoA. that

47、B. whereC. whichD. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what7. This book will show you _ can be used in other conte*ts.A. how yo

48、u have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare

49、, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what. z.-12. He failed in the e*amination, _ made his father very angry.D. who are againstA. which17. Didnt you see the man _B. itC. thatA. I nodded just nowD. whatB. whom

50、I nodded just now13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.C. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just nowA. whichB. whom18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other dayC. whoD. thatA. that you talkedB. you talked about it14. The girl _ an English

51、song in the ne*t room is Toms sister.C. which you talked withA. who is singingD. you talked aboutB. is singingC. sang19. Is there anything _ to youD. was singingA. that is belonged15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.B. that belongsC. that belongA. learnD. which bel

52、ongsB. whoC. that learns20. - “How do you like the bookD. who learn- “Its quite different from _ I read last month.16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.A. thatB. whichA. that againstsC. the oneB. that againstD. the one whatC. who is against. z. z.-21. Mr. Zhang gave the te*tbook to all the pupils

53、 e*cept _ who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others22. The train _ she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that23. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.A. whereB. in whichC. under whichD. which24. Antarctic _ we know very little is cove

54、red with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which25. Its the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that youve arrivedD. when youve arrived26. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. in

55、 which27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seasi

56、de.A. we stayed atB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag cars are produced-D. for thatA. in whichB. where35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.C. whichD. thatA. thatB. as31. It is the Suez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa.C. whoD. whatA. which, toB. where, from36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.C. that, fromD. that, withA. two o