1、 2022年西安政治學院自考英語（二）練習題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2009.10】Youd better leave things _ if you dont know how to deal with them. A、off B、out C、alone D、over【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】 如果你不知道如何處理這些事情，你最好把它們放在一邊。【試題分析】本題考查詞意區(qū)分?！驹敿毥獯稹?A 離開，離去 B 不在里面，出局 C 單獨的（地） D 完結，翻倒，越過第2題【單選題】【填句補文】There is a difference between science and

2、technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.

3、A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; techn

4、ology is a method of solving practical problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學和技術是有差別的。缺空后是對兩者的分述，因此缺空處也應是對兩者的分述，故選D。第3題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點；C 選擇、

5、取舍；D 野心、抱負。第4題【單選題】Imports will be allowed in proportion _ exports. A、to B、for C、out D、of【正確答案】A【答案解析】in proportion to：按的比例，與成正比。第5題【單選題】【填句補文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to m

6、aintain a one-person household. _. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays. B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone. C、It seems that many g

7、rown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“經濟獨立”有可能造成保持一個人的家庭生活，B中的“婦女有好的工作，增加了獨身的人數”與前句內容正好呼應。第6題【單選題】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考

8、查（形近的）副詞詞義區(qū)分。譯文：事實上，約翰遜在參選總統職位之前是個無名人士。A 顯然，明顯地 B 外表上，直觀地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 實際上，事實上第7題【單選題】【2009.01】He insured his car_he had an accident. A、unless B、if C、since D、in case【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查連詞詞義區(qū)分。句意：他給自己的汽車投了保，以防萬一遇到交通事故。A否則，要不然；B 如果；C 自從，由于；D 以防萬一，以免。 第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】I recognized that the sites such as Assoc

9、iated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an open door for systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author, the site A

10、ssociated Content _. A、offers you a lot of novels to read B、is good for your becoming a writer C、asks you to study writing regularly D、is rather expensive but convenient【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。根據本段的can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer確定B答案。其余選項與原文意思不符。A與D選項所表達內容在文中并未提及，可

11、以被排除。C選項中regularly一詞并未在文中得到體現。第9題【單選題】【2009.04】She _ everything else and concentrated on the task before her. A、set off B、set back C、set aside D、set up【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語意義辨析。譯文：她把其他事情都放到一邊，集中精力于她面前的任務。詳細解答：A 出發(fā)、動身；B 把（某物）置于之后、延遲；C 撇開、取消、廢除；D 建立、提出。第10題【單選題】I understood from her that you undertook o

12、ther important work _. A、as well B、as too as C、as also as D、as good as【正確答案】A【答案解析】as well也可以用來表示“也”的意思，它一般置于句尾。句子的意思為：我從她那了解到你也從事其它重要工作。第11題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析?！咀g文】她花了幾秒鐘時間使眼睛適應黑暗?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 分

13、配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應用，申請 D 調整，使適合第12題【單選題】【2009.04】_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class. A、What B、Which C、That D、Who【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導詞的選擇。譯文：湯姆所做的事情使得他班里的每個同學都感到吃驚。詳細解答：what Tom has done指湯姆所做的事情；B 哪一個；C （無詞義）；D 誰。第13題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】For any given task in Britain there are more men than ar

14、e needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained

15、.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段開頭告訴讀者“the

16、re are more men than are neededwhen two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下來作者又進一步說明其實質，即它意味著“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第14題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the o

17、ne most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題對應的語句為：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket，因此是正確的。第15題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be

18、 introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】強烈支持采取新措施維護移民的權力?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 統計學 B 建設 C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權第16題【單選題】【2008.04】The government finally _ all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specialized C、realized

19、 D、supposed【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區(qū)分。A “公開發(fā)表、公布或發(fā)布（新聞）” B 專門從事、專攻 C 意識到、領悟 D 假定、猜想。整句話的意思是：政府最終公布了與這場戰(zhàn)爭有關的全部文件。第17題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are

20、 weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。問題句說“Hillary的一個競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度。”

21、而本段只是說“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢”，沒有說Hillary的一個競選承諾式改革國家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。第18題【單選題】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正確答案】B【答案解析】【譯文】 那個時候雖然他說英語說得不好，但仍然可以讓別人聽懂?！驹囶}分析】語法題?！驹敿毥獯稹糠侵^語動詞的選

22、用。過去分詞作賓語補足語表示被動以及動作的完成。第19題【單選題】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復合句。句意為：鄉(xiāng)村生活好過城市生活，因為它空氣新鮮且環(huán)境無噪音。in that 是復合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一個固定詞組。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 關于，至于，舉例：I like the country

23、better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因為它更接近自然。第20題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點；C 選擇、取舍；D 野心、抱負。第21題【單選題】【2009.01】You should help them_wh

24、en your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sight B、come to terms C、come into play D、come to power【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語的習慣用法。句意：當你的朋友吵架時，你應當幫助他們協調一下。come into 或 come to 都表示進入（某種狀態(tài)）。A 映入眼簾；B. 達成協議，妥協；C 開始運作；D. 上臺，開始掌權。 第22題【單選題】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he sti

25、ll managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查語法。那個時候雖然他說英語說得不好，但仍然可以讓別人聽懂。非謂語動詞的選用。過去分詞作賓語補足語表示被動以及動作的完成。第23題【單選題】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A、separation B、cooperation C、correspondenc

26、e D、communication【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】盡管已經分別了幾十年，這兩兄弟都是立刻認出了對方。【試題分析】詞匯題?！驹敿毥獯稹棵~的詞義選取。第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】As far as astronomers（天文學家） can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is r

27、easonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe A、obeys different laws.

28、B、obeys one common law. C、obeys the same laws. D、obeys no common law.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答題依據在本段的第二句?？茖W家沒有理由懷疑宇宙中的物質遵循同一法則，即他們相信宇宙中不同地方的物質是遵循同一法則的。第25題【單選題】【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞從句

29、中的虛擬語氣。譯文：我已經從老板那得到指令，這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。詳細解答：that引導同位語從句，說明order的內容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式，should 可以省略。第26題【單選題】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機密數據處于安全狀態(tài)?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 使確信

30、，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔保；C 為投保，給保險；D 安全的，沒有危險的第27題【單選題】【填句補文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. _. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable. A、If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwar

31、ds. B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures. C、Body language differs from culture to culture. D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段講的是身體姿勢。填充句后一個句子提到“this”會使呼吸更加困難，this顯然指的是一種不太好的身體姿勢，因此本題答案為A。第28題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】One

32、 reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead,

33、they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War,

34、 Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_. A、can be an advantage B、may limit income C、isnt necessary D、is expensive【正確答案】A【答案解析】答

35、案選A。對照本段In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有幫助的，選項中最接近意思的是A，成為一個優(yōu)勢，答案是A。第29題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點；C 選擇

36、、取舍；D 野心、抱負。第30題【單選題】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more r

37、ecent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions C、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older Eruptions D、A Mass Extinction【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句話是說：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these vol

38、canoes；Wignall 計算了這些火山的“滅絕效率”；其中killing efficiency與killing Power意思差不多，屬于同義詞轉換，因此選擇B或C，但是account for 意思是：（在數量方面）占；說明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不選擇B。第31題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imagi

39、nary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian? A、She is the auth

40、or. B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen. C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book. D、She guards the jail in the book.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。事實細節(jié)題。根據關鍵詞鎖定短文本段。本段第一句話給出了正確答案，Marian是最先寫這個故事的人，但是并不是這本書的作者。而且是這本書中那個小鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)長。第32題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem

41、 strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, beca

42、use some of it is in the form of icebergs（冰山）and glaciers（冰川）. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? A、Nearly 75 per cent. B、About 97 per cent. C、Exactly 3 per cent. D、Less than 3 percent.【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據本段得知，地球上只有3的水適于人類飲用，然而部分以

43、冰山或冰川的形式存在，還有的被污染，因而實際上人類能用的水要低于3。第33題【單選題】【填句補文】The acid rain（酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many

44、of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced. _. A、The problem, however, is not just a European one. B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already. C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and n

45、eeds to spend what money it has on the Mexican people. D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前文提到完成這項工作需要很多的錢，答案轉折說到了墨西哥沒有這么多的錢去做。兩句之間有隱含的邏輯關系。第34題【單選題】【填句補文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. I

46、f you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. _. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy! A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep th

47、em close to their bodies. B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased. D、If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可以采用

48、線索詞來定位?？崭裉幍那昂髢蓚€句子都是對arms在具體情況下具體動作的描述。那么用以補充的句子也應是如此，即選項A開朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的動作，符合條件。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（長柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodeston

49、e would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk（主體）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）finders played an impo

50、rtant role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、In 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years ago.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two

51、 thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告訴我們中國發(fā)明指南針的時間。第36題【單選題】【填句補文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered

52、 that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the U

53、nited States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前一句講的是科學家們過去對二手煙的看法，接下來應選表示他們改變觀點的句子，因為下一句表明他們所持的觀點已與過去截然不同。第37題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、respon

54、sibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個員工做工作總是認真負責，他就是完全可信賴的?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個別地; D 可靠地第38題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shootin

55、g more than 2,100 meters into the sky.Q: Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。該題說的是: 飛行員飛行的高度超過2100米時，看見一個黑色的火山灰和蒸汽從火山口急速上升到空氣中。但是，文章中airline pilots flying

56、 near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.說的是靠近火山的地方出現了一個黑色的火山灰和蒸汽上升到空氣中，其高度超過2100米。因此該命題是錯誤的。第39題【單選題】【2010.04】Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _ stages. A、moderate B、initial C、distinct

57、 D、advanced【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】專家們已經發(fā)現正常的睡眠可以分為五個不同的階段?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞匯?！驹敿毥獯稹啃稳菰~的詞義選取。第40題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not

58、seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden

59、sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed C、horrible D、nervous【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實細節(jié)題。年輕人回到家里，出現了兩個關鍵詞sadness和regret，可以判斷年輕人的心情是非常傷心的。故選A。第41題【單選題】【2009.10】Scientists doubt whether its _ to regulate ones biological clock by drinking. A、feasi

60、ble B、incredible C、fashionable D、valuable【正確答案】A第42題【單選題】【2009.10】The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分鐘，這使得我到達晚了。第43題【單選題】【2009.04】She _ everything else and concentrated on the task befo