1、Unit 8Legal and Moral Implications of CloningReading Comprehension Questions (Open Questions)CLONING1. Is cloning natural?2. Why would anyone want to clone a human being?(P4)3. Is an identical twin essentially the same as a clone?(P8)4. Would a clone have a soul? 5. Could cloning be used to create s

2、uper warriors or super-intelligent people? (P7)6. Could cloning be used to save endangered species?7. Could cloning help lesbians ( gay) couples to conceive and make men unnecessary for procreation?II. Background Information Embodied in the PassageIan Wilmut- Creator of Dolly . IAN WILMUT, professor

3、 and Head of the Department of Gene Expression and Development at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh, Scotland, is uniquely qualified both as a pioneer in the science of cloning and as a participant in the public discussions of its possible social and ethical consequences. He is the leader of the t

4、eam that produced Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first animal to be cloned from an adult cell. Since Dollys birth, he has become something of an international figure as an expert on cloning techniques, and his laboratory continues to play a leading role in the development of methods for the cloning an

5、d genetic modification of animals. Creator of DollyDolly PartonPop Song SingerDolly the sheepDolly the sheep, 1996-2003 Dolly the sheep became a scientific Sensation when her birth was announced in 1997. Her relatively earlydeath in February 2003 fuels the debate about the ethics of cloning research

6、 andThe long-term health of clones.William Jefferson Clinton (1993-2001) 42nd President of the United StatesBorn: August 19, 1946 in Hope, ArkansasNickname: “Bill”Education: Georgetown University (1968), attended Oxford University (1968-1970), Yale Law School (1973)Religion: BaptistMarriage: Hillary

7、 Rodham on October 11, 1975Children: Chelsea Victoria Clinton (1980)Career: Lawyer, public officialPolitical party: DemocratWritings: Putting People First (1992); Between Hope and History (1996)Baptists cherish and defend religious liberty, and deny the right of any secular or religious authority to

8、 impose a confession of faith upon a church or body of churches. We honor the principles of soul competency and the priesthood of believers, affirming together both our liberty in Christ and our accountability to each other under the Word of God. Bill ClintonIII. Vocabulary1. special terms Clone, cl

9、oning, clonee, master, copyGene, genetic, genetic code, decodeNucleus (nuclei), cell, tissue, organEmbryo, infant, baby, kid, teenagerTransplant, donor, recipient, benefactor2. catch the imaginationThe story of the hostages caught/captured the nations imagination. Something bright had caught the bab

10、ys attention.I caught my breath in amazement when I saw his tattoos for the first time. The photograph catches the mixture of excitement and fear in the childs face.3. fiction / science fictionYou never know whats fact and whats fiction when he tells you something.At work she managed to keep up the

11、fiction that she had a university degree. All these promising statistics that the government put out are complete fictions.Whole-brain transplants are still science fiction.4. in the wake of / coming afterFamine came in the wake of disastrous floods.Many expressionist movements sprang up in the wake

12、 of the Second World War.Airport security was extra tight in the wake of yesterdays bomb attacks.He resigned in the wake of accusations that he had stolen from the company.5. implication, indicationThe journalists discussed the political _im_ of the war.possible late effectThere is little _in_ that

13、the protesters will leave the building peacefully. signAn _in_ of willingness to discuss the problem would be very helpful.She accused the party, and by _im_, accused its leaders too.Is that nod an indication of your agreement?6. Prohibit, forbid, ban, The government introduced a law prohibiting tob

14、acco advertisements on TV.The loudness of the music prohibits serious conversation in most nightclubs. Motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in the town centre.The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.She was banned from driving for two years. (usually passive, forbi

15、d officially) Albert Einstein the Theory of Relativity 7. Theory of RelativityNewtons theory of gravitation was soonaccepted without question, and it remainedunquestioned until the beginning of lastcentury. Then Albert Einstein shook (weakened) thefoundations of physics with the introductionof his S

16、pecial Theory of Relativity in 1905, and hisGeneral Theory of Relativity in 1915. The first showed that Newtons Three Laws of Motion were only approximately correct, breaking down when velocities (speed)approached that of light. The second showed that Newtons Law of Gravitation was also only approxi

17、mately correct, breaking down in the presence of very strong gravitational fields. 8. Mount -Tension mounted as we waited for the decision. (gradually increasing)Everywhere there is mounting unemployment. Newspaper mounted a campaign of support for the rebels.(organize)No rescue or relief operations

18、 could be mounted. The CCTV camera is mounted above the main door. (fix)9. fall intoWe fell into conversation as the train pulled out of the station.(start) She fell into a conversation with a man at the bar.Weve fallen into the habit of getting up late on Saturday mornings.I fell into my job quite

19、by accident.Over the years the house had fallen into disrepair.(bad condition)The old school fell into disuse (= people stopped using it).10. Transplant (trans-)Transatlantic, transcend (go beyond), Transfer, transform, transgenic,Transparent (crystal), transmit, transport, Transfusion, translationT

20、ransplantTea was transplanted from China to India and Sri Lanka.Adults are not flexible, so they do not transplant comfortably to another place.11. Intact - wholeThey are fighting to keep village life intact.The church was destroyed in the bombing but the statue survived intact.Its difficult to emer

21、ge from such a scandal with your reputation still intact.12. break apartTribes grow and become powerful under brave and successful leaders, and then shrink or break apart when their chieftain is eventually defeated or killed.Garages never seem to be open when the car broke _down_.war broke _out_ on

22、4 August.Their marriage is breaking _up_.13. identical All individuals of the same species are not identical.His behavior is identical to betraying us. IdentityIn prison people often suffer from aloss of identity.I think my job gives me a sense ofidentity.14. Personality, (strong, dynamic or weak) c

23、haracter characteristic, traitHe was well qualified for the job, but he does lack personality.(whole nature)personality disorder Its a genetic characteristic that causes deaf at early age.Unfortunately a big nose is a family character. One of the joys of being a parent is watching the childs trait d

24、evelop. 15. in terms of, with regard to, concerningIn terms of the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest Swiss industry in 1929. (considering)I am writing to you with regard to your letter of 15 March.If you have any information concerning the recent incident at the statio

25、n, please contact the police.16. Machinery, mechanismThe Foreign Office machinery (system) has been unsuccessful in securing the release of the hostages.Comedy can serve as a mechanism for releasing tension.(arrangement)These automatic cameras have a special focusing mechanism.17. Original, original

26、ity, originThe judges will look for _nality_ as well as style and content. If the painting is an _ginal_, it will be very valuable, but I think it may be a fake.His unhappy childhood was the _gin_ of his problems later in life.18. Sophisticated, complicated experienced, clever, having a good underst

27、anding of or a good knowledge of Her witty conversation showed her to be very sophisticated. Sophisticated readers understood the books hidden meaning.The advanced technology which is incorporated into this missile makes it one of the most sophisticated weapons in the world.19. get aroundIf news or

28、information gets round, a lot of people hear about it:News of her pregnancy soon got round (the office).The administration got around this problem by introducing a new law.(overcome) If we can get around these difficulties, well be able to discuss the really important points. get overGeorge did not get over his homesickness for some time. get throughHow do Jim and Jill get through Minnesota winters?20. Confusion, puzzle, bewilderment confuse, puzzle, bewilderHe was in a complete state of _ment_ and did not know what to do next.Why waste effort _puzzl_ing over his intentions? If you