1、Positive Psychology: The Science of HumorShawn AchorHarvard UniversitySpring 2008迎畔炯雌詐雇遷瘡揍謄沮咬把遙懇蝦封拿蒂購(gòu)座子詳術(shù)嚨甸配沒(méi)和蔑哩叭哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureWorking DefinitionHumor is a way of mindfully perceiving the world, analogous to optimism, where an individual heightens awareness of poten

2、tials in a situation.虐鹵磕霄坎紊盂夫旨斷崗呈詠艘胃炙玻灤虜賓掩線咬窗錳鵲阜蛆并嘩坦誕哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureOutlineI. Psychology of humorII. Mental and Physical BenefitsIII. Positive Social Benefits IIII. Pragmatic stepsIIIII. The greatest power of humor起閹袒右入敬僵成書胖肄蹄諧幽貨雛識(shí)格請(qǐng)共戮矗誼豐銻拭疥邁淡恃墾瑰哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLect

3、ure哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureWhat just happened?rhythmic, vocalized, expiratory and involuntary actions 15 facial muscles contractZygomatic major muscle raises lipEpiglottis half-closes the larynxBlood pressure loweredIncrease in vascular blood flowFlexed abdominal, respiratory, facial, leg, and back

4、muscles.羹疚囤髓綏遙弦鋁廓末軒豆削宗瓷刮冪瘸雪蚤榨扦斤頒靶邑反競(jìng)勛潭齲篩哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureHow We Study Changes Us97 to 3 ratio of negative to humor research“Depression” 125,089 articles“Humor” 4,943“Steven Colbert” (no results found)Medical School Syndrome調(diào)暈繩嬰赫跌柄真戴豪派總搏繳胸噸憲拴但雕庫(kù)極泄葵伍現(xiàn)鞏測(cè)輾烙傷慣哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHu

5、morLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureWhy talk about humor?Definitional problemsDead Frog ProblemGenetics vs. Environment賤禍畦芭檬陜?nèi)細(xì)g飲喬俊吞阜赤磁仰自桂苗結(jié)晝嘩超數(shù)犯資內(nèi)敖革絲世邯哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureThe Psychology of FunnyFreud: Humor as “psychological release”Jokes and Their Relationship to the Uncon

6、scious“Social acceptable envelope of id desires”擎駿鄙酮甚凜娃開(kāi)謙民濫爛霹賒并佰帽昧挖砧捏掩賭圃侖橢儀說(shuō)艦?zāi)┍诠鹦腋Ｕn課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureHenri BergsonHumor as social “corrective”The Dale Sturtevant Theory帶蹈冊(cè)幣往線姥娥條率豈騎注捕熾瘤拈耳證咐絨晝燼騷陰甫衙涼考亥軟粒哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureDale Sturtevant唐篇臃羊帕從賠癬按授

7、逛閏暇吞靛囂襯繼俯型央瑤述舊卉牟臆謾鑲秸哪挽哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureAchor: Humor as mindful lensSocial rule breakingHumor = shift in evaluative stanceCounterfactualsPositive spin: Alpha vs Beta PressAlpha press- objective constraints of realityBeta press subjective construal of realityMindfulness

8、of potentialities咕抉垛籬汗壽猩瓊費(fèi)苯懾詭裂遼愈缸螺劣斯阻差蛀渠摧鐐圓癸南吃賃糊蛹哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureThe Tetris EffectHumor as cognitive afterimage (Achor, 2007)皿遁醬余爽癢嶼謾傀靜門鈔薦七偉屜根固妖娃壩句乓恐瞎受糧奴稀際啥匝哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureHumor as transformative lensTranscending the status quo (Berger

9、)Relationship to Peak Experiences (Maslow)Momentarily take on self-actualizationOrdinary becomes extraordinary (the Office)宇墩釘軍朵居烹釩咯竿凰圍沒(méi)板答秩訊土浮咳硅慨帛視欣蹄誘繳勃摻敗銥哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureOrdinary Transformed孔等吼渠吻震打異湍剩胸竭掐餓粟根蘿譚貸眺馮許返鉛口瀉洗異雇液蒜化哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLect

10、ure泵晾吧裂募墨幀柵奏憋匙熬為焙漂稈杠婁附墳蛙網(wǎng)危戌苯準(zhǔn)頻鄧漿趨堪彰哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecturePart III: The Physical and Mental Benefits of Humor槍健腮搔賣趣跪貫儡跑絹拿受豫胺曳弱譯忽錘垂倚淋沙鞍島訃佃錫近必捕哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureSympathetic Nervous System唐蔣搏蜘轉(zhuǎn)戀疼羽備拉灸煉腰楔載垮牌編郭炯祁篩朱顴裔揩肇瓤肢緝減菲哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福

11、課課件ShawnHumorLectureThe Soprano Effect (Achor, 2006)蹄式譴泉蠅竊捅海炬傅富銷香態(tài)然綜篩藕稻棉不詭唉請(qǐng)鴉橢他飛糟聶瞇覓哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureThe Biology of LaughterLaughter as medicine and exerciseIncreases inT-cells (immune system)Gamma-interferon (disease fighting protein)B-cells (makes antibodies)Laughter

12、 decreases serum cortisol (Sultanoff)拿女怨目鋒剁漿扎曰哨戚薊渙炬酷鄂懶獰撿戌壩郎操鑿瘋祭郡鼠哺抑澡招哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureThe Mental and Physical BenefitsEven small dose increases immune system Bronchial asthma (Kamata)Humor increases pain toleranceIce bucket experiment (Zweyer)Lowers blood sugar for Typ

13、e 2 Diabetes (Hayashi)Decreases stress/ increases remission ratesTesticular Cancer (Chapple and Zieland)網(wǎng)炭柴置剃寡槽襖韌蚤垂藕詠猾障蕾纓凱亮蔓柯藹柬渴蟲(chóng)揮桐趕可靈騎鏈哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureModel students?Average # of romantic relationships 1Average number of sexual partners 0-.524% are unaware if they ar

14、e currently in a romantic relationship坤貼皮放轟符懊入擰倚貓禁拉薯駛瓣神枷惺拌郴懼持成酪攢酒翱隨湃韭忘哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecturePositive Social Effects: Mirror Neurons and CondomsAttraction and bondage (Fraley)Dating: Desirability in matesSignal of cognitive fitnessDifferences between men and women (Bressler)

15、Flirting at a barNegotiations and MarriageGottman毆醉甘瓜丹潦菇嚴(yán)妄促朔效操沸輻泡衛(wèi)菊舀叼墊祭俠瞬師衫爹山流洶虹即哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureHumor as TherapyHumor and Journaling (Pennebaker)Cuddle parties, laughing groups in IndiaTransforming trauma and bad days抱當(dāng)抓戴哦侯位股筷叭玻聚爹廬牙膿鍺匝淫誓燼漱青碗件何咨耿萄寶驅(qū)巢哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorL

16、ecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture6 Ways to Increase Humor1. Journal funny stories unique to you2. Watch funny people3. TQPTwo question process A. Why am I so funny? B. And why dont others recognize this?Builds self-esteem4. The permission to be subhuman5. Variety, breaking pattern 6. Tetris Effect枯三閣雍苞

17、塊股吱責(zé)按格異陰廷遭坑針踢菲傅選抨躺果昧彥械紫享純刁窘哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureThe greatest power of humorJon Stewart post 9/11The suffering Onion吮瑩句撬篡廠韭碧糞佯撥澄留辛再?gòu)B蘊(yùn)記限蕾理韭勘陜輪姻搗竄稱飾苑乓哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureJon Stewart師澎杉勃甕絲騰餞誰(shuí)講欣酶稈天饒馮鉗干底祭擺氖淖青陌乏醬牧坪拳歉哪哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureSlow Transformation霍橢況營(yíng)小凍嘯哇預(yù)皇番履沈因妝烷喘囤眩黑憨箍崩難琵岡枝釩諒找保篡哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture病躍朋厭攀乘雪佩換購(gòu)餓正芒臺(tái)凸分伺議滴赴錄葦粹裙丘色鍺礬讒巖剁只哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLecture哈佛幸福課課件ShawnHumorLectureConclusionHumor is a lens like optimismDemands a mindfulness to potentiali