1、人教版英語 必修第二冊 Unit 1 Cultural HeritagePeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure Lead inObserve the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1.After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United

2、 Nations for help.2.Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questi

3、ons: 1. What is the head noun ? 2. What relative words should be used ? 3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?1. There comes a time _ the old must give a way to the new.2. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics _ were an important part of Eg

4、ypts cultural heritage.先行詞head nouna timewhen關(guān)系副詞relative adverb, 充當狀語，表時間先行詞head nouncultural relicswhich/that關(guān)系代詞relative pronoun, 充當主語Practice3. After listening to the scientists _ had studied the problem, and citizens _ lived near the dam,.4. Temples. and then moved and put back together again i

5、n a place _ they were safe from the water. head nounthe scientistswhorelative pronoun, as the S(主語)head nouna placewhererelative adverb, adverbwho5. Not only had the countries found a path to the future_ did not run over the relics of the past.6. .by UNESCO, which runs a programme _ prevents world c

6、ultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.head nounthe futurewhichrelative pronoun, Shead nouna programmewhichrelative pronoun, SSummaryFunctions of head nounFunctions of relative pronoun關(guān)系_O-S先行詞在主句中作_關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_I like a teacher who inspires his/her students.O-O先行詞在主句中作_關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_I l

7、ike the book(that) you mentioned.S-S先行詞在主句中作_關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_He who makes no mistakes nothing.S-O先行詞在主句中作_關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_The man (who) you met is my cousin.賓語賓語賓語賓語主語主語主語主語代詞Summaryhead nounRelative adverbsFunctions of relative adverbs關(guān)系_time 表示_狀語place 表示_狀語reason 表示_狀語when時間where地點why原因副詞Classical sentences1

8、. Do not cut down the tree that gives you shake.(O-S) _2. You can do anything (that) you set your mind to. (O-O) _3. All that glitters is not gold.(S-S) _4. Time (that) you enjoy wasting is not wasted time.(S-O) _5. Where there is a will, there is a way. _不要忘恩負義 世上無難事 只怕有心人發(fā)光的并不都是金子享受的時光并非虛度 有志者，事竟成

9、6. Life is a tragedy when you feel. It is a comedy when you think. _ _對于感受生活的人來說，生活是一場悲??；對于思考生活的人來說，生活是一場喜劇Classical sentencesPracticeRewrite the sentences using relative clauses.1. He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.The photo _.2. The project team h

10、elped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries.The project team _( that/which) he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.which/that helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania was fo

11、rmed by membersfrom fifteen countries.Practice3. This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty.The time _.4. We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.The professional archaeologist _when this

12、temple was first built was during Qin Dynasty. (who) we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.Practice5. The documents about the cultural relics from overseas are under the desk. I found them yesterday.The place _6. Scientists wor

13、ked together day and night to rescue the temple because they wanted to preserve it for the next generation.The reason _where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas yesterday is under the desk. why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they wante

14、d to preserve it for the next generation.Special casesA. 關(guān)系詞只能用that而不用which的情況 1當先行詞為all, everything, nothing, anything, much等不定代詞時。Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said?All that can be done has been done.2先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.This is

15、 the most delicious food that I have ever had.Special cases3先行詞被all, every, no, the only, the very, the last等修飾時。Ive read all the books that are not mine.The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.4當先行詞既指人，又指物時。 He made a speech

16、on the men and things that he had seen abroad.Special casesB. “介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 當關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，我們通常用“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句。如果指“人”，用“介詞whom”；如果指“物”，用“介詞which”； 關(guān)系代詞有時也用whose(作定語)選用介詞的依據(jù)：1根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配習(xí)慣(即固定短語)。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.(be famous for“因而出名”)Special ca

17、ses2根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣(約定俗成，不一定是短語)。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos.(with camera“用照相機”)The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.(in the boss company)3根據(jù)句子的意思來選擇。The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.Special cases4表示“所有”關(guān)系或“整體中的一部分”時，通常用

18、介詞of。I have about 10 books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.注意：在定語從句中，有一些含介詞的動詞短語不可拆開使用，如look after, look for等不能把介詞移至which或whom之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy. (誤)Special casesC. 接雙賓語的動詞所在的定語從句 如果

19、關(guān)系代詞作此動詞的間接賓語時，用to 或for。帶to的動詞有：bring, fetch, give, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write；帶 for的動詞有：book, buy, call, choose, cook, do, fetch, find, get, keep, leave, save。She wears a sweater.Her mother gave this sweater to he

20、r.She wears a sweater that her mother gave to her.Special casesD. 介詞結(jié)尾的動詞短語所在的定語從句 此類動詞短語中的介詞不可移至從句之首。常見的這類動詞短語有l(wèi)isten to, look at, depend on, look for, pay attention to, take care of, look after, take part in, call on, catch up with, get along with, hear of, look forward to等。1. This must be the key that she is looking for.2. This is the meeting which you will take part in.3. We often talk about