1、中考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)一一動(dòng)詞不定式一、趨勢(shì)研判。-Why dont you go out to play,Rose?(12)Im afraid I cant.I have much homework.A. do B. does C. doing D.to doHe promise his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.(13)A. see B. seeing C. saw D.to seeWhen you leave,please turn off the light energy.(14)A. save B. saving C.saved D.to sa

2、veMy parents didnt allow me to the party.(15)A.goB. to goC. goesD. went5.1 wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera.A. tookB. takes C. to takeD. taking.We only planned the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for threehours. (17)A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD.

3、 watched.Harry invited me with him when his parents were out of town.(18)A. stay B. staved C. staying D. to stay.The government is setting up nature parks protect pandas.(19)A. to help B. help C. helped D. helpsve just watched a TV programme about space. I hope on the moon one day.A. walkB. walked C

4、. walking D. to walk.When I was young, my parents taught me older people kindly. (21)A. treats B. to treat C. treated D. treat.Toms mother told him eating too much meat.(11)A.stoppingA.stoppingA.stoppingA.stoppingA.stoppingB. to stopC.stops D.stoppedDad,Im really tired and angry. Why not stop and ea

5、t somecookies?A.stoppingB. to stopC.stops D.stoppedA. to do your homework B. do your homeworkC.doing your homework D.did your homeworkHow long does she spend baseball after school every day?A. playB. playsC. to playD. playingKate my computer doesnt work. Why not ask Mr. Lee it.A.checkB.checks C. to

6、check D.checked二、理論支撐。M5動(dòng)詞不定式(1)：當(dāng)我們要表示“想做某事、需要做某事 或決定做某事時(shí)，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞連用的情況。像這種情況，行為動(dòng)詞后的 動(dòng)詞采用了 “to+”的結(jié)構(gòu)。我們把這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為。它 沒有 和 的變化，在句中不能作謂語(yǔ)，所以它又被歸為動(dòng)詞中的一種。動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)法功能：首先，它可以在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分，我們結(jié)合本模塊中所出現(xiàn)的包含動(dòng)詞 不定式的句子來看一下：You know, I wanted (see) the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered (take) me there.We only planned (wat

7、ch) for an hour.我們?cè)戎淮蛩憧匆粋€(gè)小時(shí)。I hope (understand) more next time.我希望下次能懂得多一些?？梢钥闯觯陨暇渥永飛ant, plan, hope動(dòng)詞后都連接了 to do sth.的不定式 結(jié)構(gòu)，這類動(dòng)詞屬于及物動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后作, 說明想要、計(jì)劃或希望要做(或發(fā)生)的事。在英語(yǔ)中，并不是所有的動(dòng)詞在連用時(shí)都采用“動(dòng)詞+不定式”的形式。一 般來說，用不定式時(shí)，所表示的多為 的行為。但是，在具體使用中同學(xué)們還要注意記憶，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞不同，對(duì)其后動(dòng)詞形式的要求也不同。 常見的后面接“to十動(dòng)詞原形”作賓語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)有： 計(jì)劃做某事

8、：決定做某事：想要做某事： 希望做某事：提出做某事：盡力努力做某事： 喜歡做某事：愛做某事：學(xué)習(xí)做某事： 雙賓語(yǔ)：當(dāng)我們表達(dá)給某人某物時(shí)就出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者，一個(gè)是， 個(gè)是，那么在英語(yǔ)中該如何排列呢?請(qǐng)看下面的例句：It tells us (人/物)the story of Wang Lifa (人/物)and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing.該話劇為我們講述的是北京一家茶館的老板王利發(fā)和他的顧客們的故事。Lao She Teahouse gives a warm welcome (人/物)to everyone (人/物)from all

9、 over the world.老舍茶館熱情地歡迎來自世界各地的人們?？梢钥闯?，采用了 動(dòng)詞+的表達(dá)方式,(2)采用了動(dòng)詞+ +的方式。句中動(dòng)詞后面所接的是雙賓語(yǔ)，其中人(第一句中的us與第 二句中的everyone)為賓語(yǔ)，物(第一句中的the story和第二句中的a warm welcome)為 賓語(yǔ)。可以接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見的有:give, bring, lend,pass, send, show,leave, buy,tell, teach, sell 等。例如:My brother bought some storybooks.我哥哥給我買了一些故事書。My uncle gav

10、e a pretty birthday present.我叔叔給了我一個(gè)漂亮的生日禮 物。Can you pass that pencil?你能把那支鉛筆遞給我嗎？Who teaches English?誰(shuí)教你（們英語(yǔ)？注意:雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞+物+人時(shí),賓語(yǔ)（人）前要加入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的不同，有時(shí)用 有時(shí)用例如：My brother bought some storybooks me.我哥哥給我買了一些故事書。Waiters bring tea the customers.服務(wù)員給顧客上茶。其他常用的結(jié)構(gòu)包括：為某人做飯：= 發(fā)送某物給某人：= 給某人展示某物：= 給某人某物：= 教某人

11、某事：= 借某人某物：= 制作某物為某人：= M6動(dòng)詞不定式（2）在上一個(gè)模塊，我們學(xué)習(xí)了動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的功能，那么，動(dòng)詞不定式 的語(yǔ)法功能還有哪些呢?我們以課本上的句子為例來看一下： 1.because people closer to them.因?yàn)樗ㄅP龍大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)）允許人們更近距離地接觸它們（大熊貓）。2.The World Wide Fund for Nature （WWF） the panda itssymbol.世界自然基金會(huì)選擇了大熊貓作為其標(biāo)志。.the WWF is working hard them all.世界自然基金會(huì)正在努力挽救所有的動(dòng)物。觀查以上句子，我們

12、可以發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞不定式的另外兩種語(yǔ)法功能:一種是在“動(dòng) 詞+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的,另一種是在句中表示行為 動(dòng)作的，作目的狀語(yǔ)飛.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在以上3個(gè)例句中，句子 的不定式都作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充說明。例如句子1中people作allow的,to get closer to them 作賓語(yǔ)people的。賓語(yǔ)people與賓補(bǔ)構(gòu)成 關(guān)系，people get closerto them,這種關(guān)系是其他句型所沒有的?？捎糜凇皠?dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式”這 一結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有很多，例如：允許某人做某事：選擇某人做某事：想要某人做某事：告訴某人做某事：請(qǐng)求某人做某事：邀請(qǐng)某人做

13、某事：幫助某人做某事：鼓勵(lì)某人做某事：需要注意的是：1）以上動(dòng)詞后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，假設(shè)要表達(dá)否認(rèn)的意思，要在 前加，構(gòu)成 的形式。例如：Mr Han told us make too much noise.韓先生告訴我們不要弄出太大聲音。Jackie told me touch anything!杰基告訴我不要碰任何東西！）有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，要將to省略，常見的這類動(dòng)詞有（初中階段常見不是全部）：四看：三讓： 兩聽： 感覺：半幫助：例如：111 have Tony you around the school我會(huì)讓托尼帶你參觀校園。His words made every

14、one .他的話讓大家哄堂大笑。但是本模塊的課文中出現(xiàn)了這樣一句話:Many wild animals dont have a safe place to live.這里的不定式是作 （賓語(yǔ)/賓補(bǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/定語(yǔ)）。注意:動(dòng)詞helD后面可以跟不帶t。的不定式,也可以跟帶to的不定式。2.動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)如果表示“ ”，可以用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，上面的例句3中， to save them all就是目的狀語(yǔ)。在此情況下，不定式既可放在 ,也可 放在 o例如：Dylan trained hard improve his basketball skills.迪倫刻苦訓(xùn)練以提高自己的籃球技能。 也可

15、以說： improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained hard.當(dāng)然，根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，動(dòng)詞不定式還可以作原因狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)等。Im excited to see pandas.（原因狀語(yǔ)/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）Jack hurried to school,only to find nobody there.（原因狀語(yǔ)/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞不定式的用法總結(jié)如下：.作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)want to do sth., agree to do sth” decide to do sth.等結(jié)構(gòu)，這些放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的不定式作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。例如：I decided to join s

16、ome student clubs and take part in as many activities as I could.我決定加入一些學(xué)生俱樂部，盡我所能多參加活動(dòng)。Norman Bethune wanted to help the Chinese people, so he came to China.諾曼.白求恩想幫助中國(guó)人民，所以他來到了中國(guó)。.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)我們常說的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是指v.+名詞/代詞+（to） do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式。這類不定式變否認(rèn)時(shí)只需在 前加not,其中的to在某些動(dòng)詞后需省略。請(qǐng)看以下例句：I told them to stop, but t

17、hey wouldnt.我讓他們停下,可他們不聽。They asked me to leave.他們讓我離開。Miss Smith made the boys stay in after school.放學(xué)后史密斯小姐讓男孩子們留校 了。Lets not argue about it.我們就別爭(zhēng)論這件事了。.作目的狀語(yǔ)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以放在句末，也可以放在句首。 例如：He got up at five oclock to catch the early bus.他 5 點(diǎn)就起床去趕早班車。To watch baseball, you need to go to the Yankee S

18、tadium.想看棒球比賽，你得去揚(yáng) 基體育場(chǎng)。三、模擬訓(xùn)練。Im new here.Dont worry.l,ll try my best you.A .to help B.help C.helpedD.helping.We/d better follow the seven-step hand washing method healthy.A.to keepB.keepingC.kept D.keep.When I came in, I saw him TV.A. watch B.watches C.watched D.watching.Later, developments in pri

19、nting made it possible books more quickly and cheaply.A.produce B.to produceC.producedD.producingmanaged the work on time although it was very difficult.A.finish B.finishing C.to finish D.finished.Four boys broke the windows of the classroom.So Miss Liu made them in after school.A.to stay B.stayingC

20、.stay D.stayed.When you leave, please turn off the light energy.A.saveB.savingC.savedD.to save.Mary decided that dictionary although it was expensive.A.saveB.savingC.savedD.to saveA.buyB.buying C.to buyD.bought.My father got up early breakfast for my mother this morning because it was mymothers birt

21、hday.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.to make1 saw Paul that old car when I passed his house.A.repairsB.repairingC.repairedD.to repair. our progress in learning English.A.checkB.checkedC.checkingD.to cheek.Do you climb mountains every day? Yes, a little exercise.Km soout of shape.A.getting B.getC.got D.to get.

22、The girl lost her favourite book.She couldnt help A.cryingB.to cryC.cried D.cry.Do you always get up so early?Yes,the first bus.My home is far away from school.A.catchB.to catch C.catching D.caught1 spend a lot of time online lessons at home.A.to haveB.havingC.haveD.has.His story made everyone laugh

23、 and we wanted him one more.A.tellB.tellingC.to tellD.told.Jack, remember off the lights when your bedroom.OK, I wont forget, mom.A.turning:leaving B.to turn； leave C.turning； left D.to turn； leaving.Your father is sleeping.Youd better .A.not wake up himB.not to wake up himC.not wake him upD.not to

24、wake him up.We should work hard people killing tigers.A.stopB.stoppingC.to stopD.stops.The boy promised late for school again.A.not to be B.to not be C.not beingD.being not.Vivian refuses her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.A.to send B.sending C.sendD.sends.Parents and chil

25、dren always expect more Monkey King cartoons.A.seeB.to seeC.sawD.seeinglt took my daughter two weeks the novels by Yang Hongying.A.read; written B.to read;written C.reading:to writeD.to read:wrote1 dont think I can afford for the car.A.paying B.paid C.to payD.pay.Choose me as your class monitor and

26、I promise everyone, classmates and teachers.A.helpingB.to help C.helps D.helped.Bethune worked for sixty-nine hours without stopping and managed over ahundred lives.A.savedB.to saveC.savingD.saves.Taiji is my favorite sport and I often play it healthy.A.to keepB.keepsC.keepingD.kept.The monitor spok

27、e more loudly everyone hear him.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.to make.The government should make laws all the people in public.A.prevent； not to smoke B.to protect； smoking C.to prevent； smoking D.protect； not to smoke.Luxun decided the Chinese people become healthy and strong, so he became a doctor.A.helpB

28、.helpedC.helping D.to help.The woman made his son finally after she told him some jokes.A.laughedB.to laughC.laughD.laughing.When you leave, please turn off the light energy.A.savingB.savesC.savedD.to save. more about that small townjack decided online and look up some information about it.A. To kno

29、w;going B.To know;to go C.Knowing;to go D.Knowing;going.Would yow mind not noise? Alice is sleeping.-Sorry,I didnt know,! she was awak.A. Make;think B.making;thought C.making;think D.make;thought35.Betty only planned the opera for an hour in Lao She Teahouse.A watches B watching C, watched D.to watc

30、h.-How amazing! The Shape of Water won four Oscars this March!1 just cant wait it in the cinema.A .to watch B.watchC. watching D.to watching.Tom usually meets his friends fishing Sunday morning.A.go;inB. goes: for C. to go;onD.to go;at.Sorry, Mr Li J forgot my report yesterday.It doesnt matter. If y

31、ou hand it in before Friday. its OK.A.writingB.to writeC.writeD.wrotealways tell my students on the road because its really dangerous.A.dont playB. not playC. not to play D. not playing1 found her a clever girl.A. IsB. to beC. wasD.to not be.Tom had a bad cold. The doctor asked him in bed.A. IsB. to beC. wasD.to not beA. to stayB. staying C. stayed D. stays.My pen pal Alice found it difficult Chinese well.A. learning B. learnC.to learnD.learnedbought a big box books for kids in