1、植物拉丁名中英文解說VocabularyofBotanybothinLatinandEnglish1.arbor(tree)喬木frutex(shrub)灌木suffrutex(subshrub)亞灌木herba(herb)草本plantascandens(vine)藤本frutexscandens(scandentshrub)藤灌terrestris(terrestrial)陸生aquaticus(aquatic)水生epiphyticus(epiphytic)附生植物saprophyticus(saprophytic)腐生植物annuus(annual)一年生植物biennis(bienn

2、ial)二年生植物perennis(perennial)多年生植物Radix(Root)1.radixfibrosa(lateralroot)側根2.radixprimaria(taproot)主根3.radixadventitia(adventitiousroot)不定根4.radixaeria(aerialroot)氣生根Caulis(Stem)1.herbaceus(herbaceous)草質2.ligneus;lignosus(woody;ligneus)木質3.suffruticosus(suffrutiscent)半灌木狀erectus(erect)直立的prostratus(pr

3、ostiate)平臥的repens(stolon;repnt)爬行生根scandens(climbingscanent)藤攀附莖的變態(tài)rhizoma(rootstock)根狀莖tuber(stemtuber)塊莖3.cormus(corm;colid;bulle)球莖bulbus(bulb)鱗莖cauliscarnosus(Fleshystem)肉質莖6.cladophyllum(Foliaceousstem;cladophyll)葉狀莖7.bulbillus(bulbil)珠芽cirrus(tendril)卷須spinosus(thorny)棘刺spina(prickle;spine)刺葉F

4、olium(leaf)sempervirens(evergreen)decidous(decidous)persistens(persistent)fugax(fugacious)早落葉序phylloid(phylloideus)alternatus(alternate)互生oppositus(opposite)對生muronatus(mucronate)凸尖aristatus(aristate)芒尖葉基的形狀cordatus(cordate)心形auriculatus(auriculate)耳形sagittatus(sagittate)箭形hastatus(hastate)戟形peltatu

5、s(peltate)盾形cuneatus(cuneate)楔形attenuatus(attenuate)漸狹obliquus(oblique)偏斜amplexicaulis(amplexicaul)抱莖decurrens(decurrent)下延葉的邊沿interger(entire)全緣serratus(serrate)鋸齒狀serrulatus(serrulate)細鋸齒crenatus(crenate)鈍鋸齒crenulatus(crenate)小鋸齒dentatus(dentate)齒牙狀denticulatus(denticulate)小齒牙undulatus(undulate)波狀

6、repandus(repand)淺波狀sinuatus(sinuate)深波狀分裂Lobatus(Lobate)1.partitus(parted)深裂laciniatus(laciniate)條裂fissus(fissured)劈裂segmentus(segment)全裂pinnatilobatus(pinnatilobate)羽狀淺裂pinnatisectus(pinnatisect)羽狀全裂palmatilobatus(palmatilobate)掌狀淺裂palmatsectus(palmatsect)掌狀全裂palmatipartitus(palmatipartite)掌狀深裂pect

7、inatus(pectinate)篦狀深裂lyratus(lyrate)琴狀分裂runcinatus(runcinate)倒向羽裂葉脈Nervus(Vein)1.costamedia(midribormidvein)主脈2.nerrilaterales(lateralveinornerves)側脈3.vina(veinletsornervules)小脈4.retinervius(reticulateveinsorreticulatenerved)網脈5.nerviparalleli(parallelvein;p.nerved)平行脈6.nervipalmati(palmatevein;palm

8、atenerved)掌狀脈7.nervipinnati(pinnatevein;pinnatenerved)羽狀脈8.x-(x-veinsorx-nerved)幾出脈8.(amplexus)合抱9.(half-equitent)半套折10.equitans(equitent)套折的花瓣擺列convolutevalvateinduplicatereduplicateconvuluteqincuncialplicatus(plicate)花序inflorescentia(inflorescence)1.terminalis(terminal)頂生2.axillaris(axillary)腋生3.e

9、xtra-axillaris(extra-axillary)腋上生4.caulilus(cauline)莖生5.radicalis(radical)根生6.pedicellus(pedicel)花柄pedunculus(peduncle)花序柄rhachis(rhachis)花軸scapus(scape)花葶10.infl.indeterminata(indeterminateinfl.)無窮花序infl.determinata(determi)有限花序spicata(spike)穗狀花序racemus(raceme)總狀花序paniculata(panicle)圓錐花序amentum(ame

10、nt;catkin)葇荑花序spadix(spadix)肉穗花序capitulum(capitateorhead)頭狀花序umbella(umbel)傘形花序syconium(syconium)隱頭花序corymbus(syconium)傘房花序fasciculus(fascicle)叢生花序cyma(cyme)聚傘花序monochasialis(monochasium)單歧聚傘dichotomus(dichotomous)二歧聚傘trichotomus(trichotomous)三歧聚傘26.cyma-helicoidea(helicoidcyme)蝎殼狀花序cyma-scorpoidea(

11、scorpoidcyme)蝎尾狀花序thyrsus(thyrse)密錐花序bractea(bract)苞片bracteola(bractiole)小苞片3.involucrum(involucre)總苞4.involucellum(involucel)小總苞spatha(spathe)佛焰苞gluma(glume)穎9.dioecius(dioecious)雌雄異株10.flospolygamus(polygamousflower)雜性花11.flosheterogamus(heterogamousflower)異形花12.floshomogamus(homogamousflower)同形花1

12、3.flosdichlamydeus(dichlamydeousflower)雙被花14.flosmonochlamydeus(monochlamydeousflower)單被花15.flosnudus(achlamydeousflower)無被花花萼Calyx1.sepalumpetaloideum(sepalpetaloid)瓣狀萼2.calyxchorisepalum(chorisepalouscalyx)3.calyxgamosepalus(gamosepalouscalyx)4.calyxpersistens(persistentcalyx)宿萼離萼合萼5.tubuscalycis(

13、calyxtube)萼筒6.lobicalyxis(calyxlobes)萼裂片7.epicalyx(epicalyx)副萼花冠Corolla1.(apetalous)無瓣花2.choripetala(choripetalous)瓣狀花冠3.sympetala(sympetalous)合瓣花4.tubuscorolla(corollatube)花冠筒5.lobicorolla(corollalimb)冠片6.limbus(limb)冠肢7.unguis(chaw)瓣爪雄蕊Stamen1.filamentum(filament)花絲anthera(anther)花藥connectium(conn

14、ective)藥隔staminodium(staminode)退化雄蕊stamenmonodelpha(monodelphousstamen)單體雄蕊stamendidynama(didynamousstamen)二強雄蕊stamentetradynama(tetradynamousstamen)四強雄蕊antheraadnata(antheradnate)全著藥9.antherabasifixa(antherbasifixed)基著藥10.antheradosifixa(antherdosifixfed)背著藥antheraversatills(antherversatile)丁字藥anth

15、eradivergens(antherdivergent)個字藥antheradivericata(antherdivericate)廣歧藥14.dehiscentialongitudinalis(dehiscencelongitudinal)縱裂deh.porose(deh.porous)孔裂deh.trasversus(deh.valvular)橫裂17.deh.valvata(deh.valvular)瓣裂introsus(introse)藥內向extrosus(extrose)藥外向雌蕊Pistil1.carpellum(carpel)心皮valva(valve)果瓣septicidu

16、s(septicidal)膜裂loculicidus(loculicidal)室裂policidus(policidal)孔裂pyxidium,pyxis(pyxidium)蓋果circumscissilis(circumscissile)蓋裂diplotegium(diplotegium)宿萼蒴果achenium(achene)瘦果cypsela(cypsela)菊果（連萼瘦果）9.utriculus(utricle)胞果caryopsis(caryopsis)穎果samana(samana)翅果glans槲果schizocarpium(schizocarp)離果nux(nut)堅果nucu

17、la(nutlet)小堅果16.carnosus(fleshyfruit)肉質果17.drupa(drupe)核果18.drupeola(drupeolate)小核果19.bacca(bacca)漿果20.hesperidium(hesperidium)柑果21.pepo(pepo)瓠果22.pomum(pome)梨果23.dehiscentia(dehiscent)開果24.sutura(suture)縫裂25.valva(valve)瓣裂種子Semen(Seed)1.embryo(embryo)胚2.albumen(albumen)胚乳3.exalbuminus(exalbuminous)

18、無胚乳的4.albuminus(albuminous)具胚乳5.cotyledon(cotyledon)子葉6.testa(testa)外種皮7.endopleura(endopleura)內種皮8.arillus(aril)假種皮9.caruncula(caruncle)種阜10.hilum(hilum)種臍11.radicula(radicle)胚根12.plumula(plumule)胚芽13.ovulumorthotropum(orthotrpousovule)直立胚珠14.ovulumanatropum(anatropousovule)倒生胚珠15.ovulumamphitropum

19、半倒生胚珠16.ovulumcampylotropum(campylotropousovule)彎生胚珠引用報告答復wang_aya生手上路UID1805精髓0積分2帖子15聲威2點金錢20RMB貢獻值0點閱讀權限10注冊2006-12-27狀態(tài)離線#2使用道具發(fā)布于2007-4-1110:33資料個人空間短信息加為摯友隸屬物Appendage1.cirrus(cirrase)卷須2.spina(spine)刺3.verticillus(verticillate;whorled)輪生4.foliumsimplex(simpleleaf)單葉5.foliumcompositum(compound

20、leaf)復葉6.trifolitus(trifoliate)三小葉7.pinnatuscompositum(pinnatelycompound)8.digitatuscompositum(digitatelycompound)羽狀復葉指狀復葉palmatuscompositum(palmatelycompound)掌狀復葉bractea(bract)苞片狀lamina(lamina;blade)葉片petiolus(petiole)葉柄stipula(stipules)托葉vagina(sheath)葉鞘sessilis(sessile)無葉柄exstipulatus(exstipules)

21、無托葉7.glandular具腺體的葉片的形狀linearis(linear)線形lanceolatus(lanceolate)披針形oblanceolate(oblanceolate)倒披針形4.ellipticus(elliptical)橢圓形oblongus(oblong)長橢圓形ovatus(ovate)卵形obovatus(obovate)倒卵形8.orbicularis(orbicular)圓形rhomboidus(rhomboid)菱形cuneatus(cuneate)楔形spathulatus(spatulate)匙形flabellatus(flabellate)扇形flaca

22、tus(flacatus,flacate)鐮刀形14.reniformis(reniform)腎形deltoideus(deltoid)三角形subulatus(subulate)錐尖形panduratus(pandurate)琴形葉尖的形狀1.acutus(acute)銳尖2.abruptusacuminatus(abruptlyacuminate)急尖acumiatus(acuminate)漸尖caudatus(caudate)尾尖obtusus(obtuse)鈍rotundaus(rotunded)渾圓truncatus(truncate)截頭尖retusus(retuse)微凹emar

23、ginatus(emarginate)微缺obcordatus(obcordate)倒心形cuspidatus(cuspidate)驟尖obsoletus(obsoleteorwanting)隱脈立體形狀ovoideus(ovoid)卵形ellipsoideus(ellipsoidal)橢球形globosus(globose)球形turbinatus(turbinate)陀螺形conicus(conical)圓錐形pyramidalis(pyramidal)尖塔形7.fusiformis(fusiform)紡錘形teres(teret)圓柱形trigonus(trigonous)三棱形comp

24、ressus(compressed)側壓扁形depressus(depressed直)壓扁形12.moniliformis(moniliform)念珠狀didymus(didym)孿生狀plano-convexus(plano-conved)平凹狀質地coriaceus(coriaceous)革質chartaceus(chartaceous)紙質papyraceus(papyery)薄紙質membrannaceus(membranous)膜質scariosus(scarious)干膜質復葉的各部和種類1.foliolum(leaflet)小葉2.(petolule)小葉柄3.(rachis)總

25、軸4.pinnatumcompositus(pinnatelycompound)羽狀復葉positus(oddcompound)奇數復葉positus(evencompound)偶數復葉7.palmatumcompositus(palmatelycompound)掌狀復葉8.digitatumcompositus(digitatelycompound)指狀復葉9.unifoliolatus(unifoliolata)只身一人復葉10.pinnatumtrifolilatus(pinnatelytrifoliolate)羽狀三小葉11.digitatumtrifoliolatus(digitat

26、etrifoliolate)指狀三小葉bipinnatus(bipinnate)二回羽狀bijugatus(bijugate)羽片二對trijugatus(trijugate)羽片三對15.multijugatus(multijugates)羽片多對葉在芽中的形狀1.conduplicatus(conduplicateorfolded)折合2.convolutus(convolute)包旋3.involutus(involute)內旋revolutus(revolutus)外旋plicatus(plicate)折扇狀reclinatus(reclinate)內曲circinnatus(circ

27、innate)拳卷的Palea(palea)花冠的形狀1.tubularis(tubular)管狀2.infundibuliformis(funnelshaped)漏斗狀3.campanulatus(campanulatea)鐘狀4.hypocrateriformis(hypocrateriformorsaiver-shaped)高腳碟狀urceolatus(urceolatue)壇狀rotatus(rotatus)輪狀calcar(spurred)距狀labiatus(labiate)唇形bilabiatus(bilabiate)二唇形papilionaceus(papilionaceous

28、)蝶形11.vexillum(standardorbanner)旗瓣ala(wingsoralae)翼瓣carina(keelorcarine)龍骨瓣ligulatus(ligulate)舌狀典型花各部sepalum(sepal)萼片calyx(calyx)花萼petalum(petal)花瓣corolla(corolla)花冠perianthium(perianth)花被stamen(stamen)雄蕊7.filamectium(filament)花絲anthera(anther)花藥connectium(connective)藥隔pollen(pollen)花粉11.pistillum(p

29、istil)雌蕊stigma(stigma)柱頭stylus(style)花柱ovarium(ovary)子房ovulum(ovule)胚珠receptaculum(receptacle)花托17.(pedicel)花梗18.(pedunele)總花梗19.(rachis)花軸20.(diskordisc)花盤Flowers1.floscompletus(completeflower)完整花2.flosinconepletus(inconepleteflower)不完整花3.flosbisexualis(bisexualflower)兩性花4.flosunisexualis(unisexual

30、flower)單性花5.flosneuter(neutralflower)中性花6.flosstaminatus(staminateflower)雄花7.flospistillatus(pistillateflower)雌花8.monoecius(monoecious)雌雄同株ovarium(ovary)子房gynophorum(gynophre)子房柄loculus(locule)室ovulum(ovule)胚stylus(style)花柱stigma(stigma)柱頭supeuor(superior)子房上位9.inferior(inferior)子房下位10.semi-inferius

31、(half-inferior)半下位1.placenta(placente)胎座2.placentaaxillis(axilleplacente)中軸胎座3.placentacentralis(free-centralplacente)特立胎座4.placentaparietalis(parietalplacente)側膜胎座placentabasalis(basalplacente)基生胎座placentaapicalis(apicalplacente)頂生胎座胚珠ovulum(ovule)nucellus(nucellus)珠心integumentum(integument)珠被3.fun

32、iculus(funicle)珠柄4.chalaza(chalaza)合點5.micropyle(micropyle)珠孔花托Receptaculus(Receptacle)discus(disk)花盤nectarium(nectary)蜜腺3.floshypogynus(flowerhypogynous)下位花4.flosperigynus(flowerperigynous)周位花5.flosepigynus(flowerepigynous)上位花gynophorun(gynophorum)子房柄carpophorum(carpophore)心皮柄androgynophorum(androgynoph