1、 高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件1.我看見(jiàn)那個(gè)男孩在吃蘋(píng)果.I saw the boy eating an apple.2.在樹(shù)下坐著的那女孩是我姐姐.The girl sitting under the tree is my sister.3.學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活很重要Learning is important to modern life動(dòng)詞ing 形式表示: 1.主動(dòng) ; 進(jìn)行 2. 泛指,沒(méi)有特別時(shí)間意義或習(xí)慣性長(zhǎng)期性動(dòng)作構(gòu)成:V-ing 形式由 “doing” 構(gòu)成，其否定形式:“not doing”, V-ing 是可以帶賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成 V-ing 短語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

2、的變化。語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not) having done(not) having been done動(dòng)詞-ing 形式的分一般式和完成式:1. 一般式:表示這個(gè)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.2. 完成式:強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前完成.如:他們有說(shuō)有笑地走出教室They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.由于已經(jīng)在這個(gè)城市住了三年,她對(duì)它非常了解.Having lived in this city for three years,

3、she knows it very well. 觀察句子，找特點(diǎn).游泳是她最喜歡的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。Swimming is her favorite sport.我記得上星期給他發(fā)過(guò)一份電子郵件。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.他們住在一所朝南的房子里。They lived in a house facing south.我看見(jiàn)那個(gè)男孩在吃蘋(píng)果 I saw the boy eating an apple.5.她的工作是保持 房間干凈 Her job is keeping the room clean. 6. 由于已經(jīng)在這個(gè)城市住了三年,她對(duì)它

4、非常了解.Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ) 足語(yǔ)不定式 v-ing 形式312564 B 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)1 表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。2 表示主語(yǔ)具有的特征(動(dòng)詞ing 相當(dāng)一個(gè)形容詞）The problem is quite puzzling. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題很令困惑。1. Her work is _( look )after t

5、he children.2. My aim is _( go ) to Tsinghua University.3. One of my bad habit is _(bite ) nails（指甲）. C 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式既可作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。1 能用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞可分兩類，一類是只能用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，另一類是既可用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。只能用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(這類動(dòng)詞只能用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，不能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。)Fancy meeting you here!想不到在這兒見(jiàn)到你了！I sugge

6、st doing it in a different way.建議用另一種方法做這件事。只能接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：建議冒險(xiǎn)去獻(xiàn)身，忍受期待不停頓；放棄延期悔失去，堅(jiān)持欣賞實(shí)踐成；注意原諒避反對(duì)，考慮要求不自禁；允許習(xí)慣不介意，價(jià)值開(kāi)始想動(dòng)名。 1.He was in low spirits and even consider _(go ) away.2.Practise _( put ) your hand to the ground.3.I cant help _( have ) the trip to Britain.4.Dont tell me you always escap

7、e _( fine) because you have a fast sports car.5.Leave off _(bite) your nails!6.He didnt feel like _( work ), so he suggested _( spend ) the day in the garden.7.You certainly mustnt miss _( see ) the wonderful film.going putting havingbeing finedbiting working spending seeing 8.The doctor advised _(

8、stay ) longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your _( want ) _( help ) us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _( write ) to her till today. 11.The law forbids _( sell )liquor to children.12.They all suggested _( give ) more chances.13.Can you imagine _( leave ) standing outside for a whole night.

9、14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _( flood).ss8.The doctor advised _( stay ) longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your _( want ) _( help ) us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _( write ) to her till today. 11.The law forbids _( sell )liquor to children.12.They all suggested _(

10、give ) more chances.13.Can you imagine _( leave ) standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _( flood).s8.The doctor advised _( stay ) longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your _( want ) _( help ) us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _( write ) to her

11、till today. 11.The law forbids _( sell )liquor to children.12.They all suggested _( give ) more chances.13.Can you imagine _( leave ) standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _( flood).s8.The doctor advised _( stay ) longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your

12、_( want ) _( help ) us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _( write ) to her till today. 11.The law forbids _( sell )liquor to children.12.They all suggested _( give ) more chances.13.Can you imagine _( leave ) standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area fro

13、m _( flood).s9.We appreciate your _( want ) _( help ) us in our difficulties.8.The doctor advised _( stay ) longer in hospital.10.Michael has delayed _( write ) to her till today. 11.The law forbids _( sell )liquor to children.12.They all suggested _( give ) more chances.13.Can you imagine _( leave

14、) standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _( flood).to helpstayingwantingwritingsellinggivingleaving being flooded必背只接動(dòng)詞-ing形式而不接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：admit 承認(rèn) appreciate 感激 avoid 避免put off 推遲 keep 保持 consider 考慮delay 耽擱 dislike 嫌惡 resist抵制mention 提及 enjoy 喜歡 escape

15、避免excuse 原諒 practice 練習(xí) mind介意fancy想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成risk 冒險(xiǎn) include 包括 forgive 原諒give up 放棄 suggest 建議 miss 逃過(guò) imagine 設(shè)想 cannot help 情不自禁 D 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1. 感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe)/ find等詞+ sb + doing sthWe heard the children shouting upstai

16、rs.我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)孩子們?cè)跇巧辖泻啊?I felt my heart beating violently.我覺(jué)得我的心在猛烈地跳動(dòng)。2.感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe)+ sb + do sth (用動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程.) He saw a girl getting on the bus.他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩在上公共汽車。 He saw a girl get on the bus and drive off.他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩上公共汽車后開(kāi)走了。3 have, get, leave, k

17、eep, set, catch(等表示“致使”的動(dòng)詞) +sb/ sth + doing sth (作賓補(bǔ)）They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.他們不應(yīng)該不讓我們知道他們下一步要做什么。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。We kept the fire burning all night long.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。點(diǎn)撥；如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是一系列的動(dòng)作，通常只能用不定式來(lái)表示，不用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。I saw him enter the

18、room sit down and light a cigarette. 我看見(jiàn)他走進(jìn)房間，坐了下來(lái)，點(diǎn)燃了一根香煙。2 作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。They lived in a house facing south.他們住在一所朝南的房子里。3 某些情況下，動(dòng)詞-ing形式不能用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)，必須用定語(yǔ)從句。 作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作要與主句謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如兩者不能同時(shí)發(fā)生的話，則需使用定語(yǔ)從句。 【誤】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.【正】The profe

19、ssor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. 昨天來(lái)的教授將要給我們作一個(gè)講座。 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式一般只用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)。 【誤】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.被地震毀壞的廟宇很快就要重建了。3 表示結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。 His father died,

20、 leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money.他父親死了，留給他許多錢(qián).4 表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=If you work hard at your lessons.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就一定能成功。5 表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Although they knew all this.盡管知道了一切情況，他們

21、還是要我賠償損失。e.g._a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter.A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not receivede.g. Having finished my homework,I went to watchTV.C解析沒(méi)收信的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在決定寫(xiě)信這一動(dòng)作之前所以應(yīng)該用having done ;此題又是表否定含義，分詞的否定式為not doing/not having done; 故選 c6 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，相當(dāng)于一

22、個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= .and stared at the sky for a long time 他躺在草地上，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地望著天空。-ing 形式-ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法 European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. （NMET1998） A. making B. makes C. made D. to make解析AHe rushed

23、 to the train station, only _ the train had gone.A. finding B. found C. finds D. to findD解析Making it the popular sport in the world為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，這類分詞短語(yǔ)常放在句子的后面,v-ing表示順其自然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。如：His parents died, leaving him an orphan.He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed動(dòng) 詞 -ing 形 式 的 邏 輯

24、主 語(yǔ) A 作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)對(duì)于談話雙方是不言而喻的。Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗讀是很有好處的。(Reading aloud的邏輯主語(yǔ)是泛指任何人，因而無(wú)需表達(dá)出來(lái))點(diǎn)撥:如果作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式需要自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用物主代詞或名詞所有格(即名詞后加s)His fathers falling ill worried him greatly.他父親生病使他很著急。(his father是falling ill的邏輯主語(yǔ)) B 作表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)往往是句子中的主語(yǔ)，

25、但用作表語(yǔ)的-ing形式也可帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的邏輯主語(yǔ)是her) C 作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它修飾的名詞。an interesting book 一本有意思的書(shū)= a book that interests its readersa running stream 一條奔流的小溪 = a stream that is running_(see) from the mountain

26、, we can see the river running through the city.I am looking forward to _(see) you again.The boy was lucky enough to escape _ (punish)I apologize to you for _(tell) you the truth immediately.Its no use _(try ) to make me believe you.The girl _(sit) under that tree is my sister._(lose) her new bicycl

27、e made Mary so upset._( receive) a reply , he decided to write again.I smell something _(burn) tin the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (2007 全國(guó)卷）Toms _(attend) the meeting made everyone there very happy.The teacher asked me _(hand ) in my homework.We dont allow _ (smoke), so you must go to the smoking room.We dont allow you _( smoke) here.Nobody are all