1、狀語從句(Adverbial Clauses)一、狀語概念 英語中,修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等句子成份叫狀語(adverbial)。Eg. He studies very hard and very well.二、狀語功用： 狀語說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目標(biāo)、結(jié)果、條件、程度、方式和伴隨情況等。因而可分為時(shí)間狀語，地點(diǎn)狀語，原因狀語，結(jié)果狀語，目標(biāo)狀語、方式狀語等。 Eg. He ran very fast in the sports meeting last year.第1頁三、狀語普通由副詞、介詞短語、分詞和分詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞詞或短語及句子來擔(dān)當(dāng)。其位置普通放在句末，但也可放在句

2、首或句中。假如由一個(gè)句子做狀語叫狀語從句。四、狀語從句分類：依據(jù)狀語功用，狀語從句分為時(shí)間狀語從句(when, after, before, until, till, as soon as ,while, since etc.)2. 條件狀語從句(if, unless)3. 原因狀語從句(because)4. 比較狀語從句(asas, than)5. 目標(biāo)狀語從句6. 讓步狀語從句7. 結(jié)果狀語從句8. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句1). He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.2). I will tell him everything

3、 when he comes back.3). What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Note: 狀語從句位于句首或句中時(shí)通慣用逗號與主句隔開，位于句尾時(shí)能夠不用逗號隔開。第2頁專題13 狀語從句【考點(diǎn)直擊】1. 時(shí)間狀語從句2. 條件狀語從句3. 原因狀語從句4. 結(jié)果狀語從句5. 比較狀語從句6. 目標(biāo)狀語從句7. 讓步狀語從句8. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】 用來修飾主句中動(dòng)詞，副詞和形容詞從句叫狀語從句。依據(jù)其含義狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語從句，地點(diǎn)狀語從句，條件狀語從句， 原因狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，比較狀語從句，目標(biāo)狀語從句，讓步狀語從句。第3頁1.

4、 時(shí)間狀語從句(1)時(shí)間狀語從句慣用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等連詞來引導(dǎo)。比如：It was raining hard when he got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After

5、 he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.第4頁(2)在時(shí)間狀語從句里，通常不用未來時(shí)態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示未來動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。比如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句主從復(fù)合句里，假如主句用必定式，其含義是“一直到時(shí)”，謂語動(dòng)詞只

6、能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。假如主句用否定式，其含義是“直到才”, “在以前不”, 謂語動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。比如：The young man read till the light went out.Lets wait until the rain stops.We wont start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.第5頁2. 條件狀語從句(1)條件狀語從句通常由if, unless引導(dǎo)。比如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I te

7、ll you to.(2)在條件狀語從句里，謂語動(dòng)詞通慣用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示未來動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。比如：Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳說句” 在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語從句復(fù)合句。比如：Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study har

8、d, you will pass the exam. 第6頁3. 原因狀語從句(1)原因狀語從句通常由because, since, as引導(dǎo)。比如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，語氣最強(qiáng)。Because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句多放在主句之后?；卮鹩蓋hy提出問題，只能用because。As和since語氣較弱，普通用

9、來表示顯著原因。由as和since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從居多放在句首。比如：-Why arent going there?-Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一個(gè)句子里。 第7頁4. 結(jié)果狀語從句(1)結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat, suchthat, so that引導(dǎo)。比如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is su

10、ch a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat語such.that能夠交換。比如：在由so.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是: “.so + 形容詞（副詞）+ that + 從句”。比如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so

11、 far away that we hardly ever see her.第8頁在由suchthat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾能夠是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也能夠是不可數(shù)名詞；名詞前面能夠帶形容詞，也可不帶。假如是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。比如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very

12、well in the mid-term. 有時(shí)上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)是能夠交換。比如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.第9頁(3)假如名詞前由ma

13、ny, much, little, few等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用so, 不用such。比如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.5. 比較狀語從句比較狀語從句通常由asas, 比較級 + than等連詞引導(dǎo)。比如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.第10頁6. 目標(biāo)狀語從句(1)目標(biāo)狀

14、語從句通常由 so that, in order that引導(dǎo)。比如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引導(dǎo)目標(biāo)狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。區(qū)分這兩種從句方法有兩個(gè)：1)目標(biāo)狀語從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might等。2)從意思上看，目標(biāo)

15、狀語從句往往表示目標(biāo)很明確。比如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目標(biāo)狀語從句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (結(jié)果狀語從句)第11頁7. 讓步狀語從句(1)讓步狀語從句通常由although, though等連詞引導(dǎo)。比如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能和but用在同一個(gè)句子中。比如：我們不能說：Though i

16、t was raining hard, but he still went out.應(yīng)該說：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句 地點(diǎn)狀語從句經(jīng)常由where來引導(dǎo)。比如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way.第12頁【實(shí)例解析】1. (北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題) You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, suc

17、h as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where 答案：A。該題考查是引導(dǎo)狀語從句隸屬連詞選擇。從意思上看，從句應(yīng)是一個(gè)條件狀語從句，在這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有if能引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，所以選A。2. (江西省中考試題) -Shall we go on working? -Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though 答案：D。該題考查是引導(dǎo)狀語從句隸屬連詞選擇。從意思上看，只有選though才能說得通。第13頁3. (徐州市中考試題) None of

18、 us knew what had happened _ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though 答案：B。該題考查是引導(dǎo)狀語從句隸屬連詞選擇。本句意思是“在以前我們沒人知道這件事?！币硎局灰馑紤?yīng)用“notuntil” 這一句型。4. (泉州市中考試題) -I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear! -Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till 答案

19、：B。該題考查是引導(dǎo)狀語從句隸屬連詞選擇。本題意思是“一到那里，我就給你打電話。”要表示這個(gè)意思應(yīng)選取as soon as。第14頁一. 單項(xiàng)填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D

20、. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at h

21、ome if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming第15頁6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my

22、 bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish y

23、our lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while第16頁11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voic

24、e _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day第17頁16. Mary had _ much work

25、to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So lo

26、ng as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got第18頁二. 依據(jù)漢字意思完成以下英語句子1. 不論他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。 I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2. 布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她看成母親。 Mrs. Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _

27、her _ their mother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會(huì)滿意我們表現(xiàn)。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.4. 你一到上海就給我打個(gè)電話好嗎？ Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.第19頁5. 這個(gè)七歲女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅(jiān)持練習(xí)兩年了。 The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years.6. 即使她很忙，他還堅(jiān)持自學(xué)英語。 _ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他長大后相當(dāng)一名記者。 He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8. 不論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們老師總是第一個(gè)到校。_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 假如人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出