1、新視線大學英語視聽聞教程第三冊答案Uint1II.BasicListeningPractice1。ScriptHaveyouchosenyourelectivesfornextsemesteryet?AreyoutakingFrenchwritingagain?YesIam，butitscompulsoryforusnextsemester.SoIthinkImgoingtotakemarketingasanelectiveinstead.Q:Whichclasswillthemanchooseashiselective?2。ScriptM：Didyougotothatbusinessstra

2、tegylectureonFriday？Imisseditandneedtocopyyournotes。W:Idsayyoucouldborrowmynotes，butSarahhasgotthem。BecarefulnottomissProfessorBrownslecture；hetakesattendanceinthat。Q:Whatdoesthewomantelltheman?3。ScriptW:Wow，Steven！Inthelibrary！Whatbringsyouhere？M：Imenjoyingtheview.Allthegirlsinfashiondesignareherep

3、reparingforanexamonMonday.Q：Whyisthemaninthelibrary?4.ScriptW：Howsyourgroupdoingwiththisstatisticspresentation?Minesdoingaterriblejob.M：Yeah，minetoo.DavidandMikeareOK,butStevendoesntpullhisweightandSuzansneveraround。IdontseehowwecanpassunlessStevenandSuzanrealizethatthisistheirlastchance.Q：Whatistru

4、eofStevenandSuzan?5。ScriptW：YoutookanMBAatHarvardBusinessSchool,didntyou？Whatsitlike？Itsexpensive,aboutU。S。40，000ayear,plusthecostoffoodandhousing。Buttheteachingisfirstclass。Theprofessorshavealotofpracticalexperience.Theyusethecasesystemofteaching,thatis,youstudyhowactualbusinessesgreworfailed.Q:Why

5、isheMBAteachinginHarvardBusinessSchoolfirstclass?Keys：1.C2.D3。B4.D5.AIII.ListeningInTask2:Howtoselectelectivecourses？ScriptConsiderthesetipsonelectivecoursesandyoullchoosethosethatwillserveyoubest.Tobeginwith,youshouldselectthecoursesthatfityourprofession。Itisagoodideatochooseelectivecoursescloselyr

6、elatedtoyourchosenprofession。Potentialemployerswillappreciateeverybitofextratrainingandknowledgethattheydonthavetogiveyou.Forexample，youmayselectelectivecoursesinchemistry，biologyorevenphysicsifyouaredoingasciencemajor.Forbusinessmajors,selectelectivesinaccounting，businessadministration,andevencompu

7、ting,asyouwillneverknowwhenthesewillcomeinhandyinthecorporateworld.Moreover,youcanchooseaneducationthatincludesmanyfieldsofstudy。Ifyouaretakingaheavyloadofcareer-relatedcourses，youmaypreferelectivesthatarenotdirectlyrelatedtoyourmajor.Ifyoureceiveawell-roundededucation，someemployersbelievethatyouhav

8、ebetterpotential。Forexample,ifyouhavecoursesinsciencealongwithyourbusinessdegree，youcouldpossiblywinajoboversomeonewhomajoredpurelyinbusinesswithnooutsideelectives.Finally,youcanalsoselectachallengingelectivecourse.Partofgettinganeducationislearninghowtolearn,andelectivecoursesshouldhelpyouachieveth

9、isgoal。Youneednottomemorizealltheinformationfromeachclass,butyoushouldgetabetterunderstandingoftheworld。So，pickelectivecoursesthatchallengeyourbeliefsystemandmakeyoulookattheworldinadifferentway.Forinstance，youcanconsideraphilosophyelectiveifyouhavebeentoldthatyouarealittlenarrow-minded.1extratraini

10、ng2chemistry3accounting4manyfieldsofstudy5betterpotential6businessdegree7challenging8howtolearn9betterunderstanding10narrow-mindedTask3：HowtoGetStraightAsScriptItisinterestingtonotehowstraightAstudentsachieveacademicexcellence.Here，accordingtoeducationexpertsandstudentsthemselvesarethesecretsofsuper

11、-achievers.First，theyknowhowtosetpriorities。Topstudentsallownointrusionsontheirstudytime。Oncethebooksareopenorthecomputeristurnedon，phonecallsgounanswered,TVshowsunwatched,snacksignored.Studyisbusiness，andbusinesscomesbeforerecreation.Also，goodstudentscanstudyanywhereandeverywhere.ClaudiaHill,anAriz

12、onaStateUniversitybusinessprofessorrecallsarunnerwhoworkedouteveryday。Hillpersuadedhimtousehissparetimetomemorizebiologyterm。Thenhepostedalistofbiologytermsonthemirrorinthebathroom.Helearnedafewtermseverydaywhilebrushinghisteeth。Eventually,hescoredhighonthefinalexamination.Moreover,topstudentsschedu

13、letheirtimewell。Studytimesarestrictlyamatterofpersonalpreference。Someworklateatnightwhenthehouseisquiet.Othersgetupearly.Stillothersstudyassoonastheycomehomefromschoolwhentheworkisfreshintheirminds.Allagreed，however,ontheneedforconsistency.Onestudentsaid,“WhateverIwasdoing,Imaintainedacertainperiodo

14、ftimeeverydayforstudying?！盇notherimportantcharacteristicofsuper-achieversisthattheyknowhowtoread,AccordingtoabookentitledGettingStraightAs，thesecretofgoodreadingistobe“anactivereaderonewhocontinuallyasksquestionsthatleadtoafullunderstandingoftheauthorsmessage”.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouts

15、uperachieversstartingtostudy?Whatdidtherunnerdotoscorehighontheexam？Whatisthethingalltopstudentsagreeon？Whatdoesthespeakermeanby“anactivereader?Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？Kes：1B2。C3.D4.A5。DVI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingTask1:ProblemswithoureducationalsystemScriptHi,everybody.Mytopictodayis“Proble

16、mswithOurEducationalSystem”.Idisagreeonalotofthewaysthatthingshavehappenedforalongtimeinoureducationalsystem.Itseemsthateducatorsjustwanttogivestandardizedtests,whichfocusonlyonacademicperformanceandneglectstudentsabilitiesandinterestinotherareas。Ithinkthererealotofpeoplewhoareveryintelligent，buthav

17、enthadtheopportunitiestheycouldhavehadiftheyhadlearnedinabroadermindededucationalsystems。Ifeelthatalotofcoursesthatstudentsarerequiredtotakeinhighschoolaretooacademic,and，asaresult,manykidshavelosttheirinterestinTheirgradesgofrombadtoworse。Someintelligentkidscantgetintogoodcolleges。learning。Educator

18、softenfailtorecognizevariouskindsofintelligence.Theysimplyexertalotofpressureonstudentstobeaswell-roundedaspossible。Ithinkbeingwell-roundedisntreallypossible.AndasaconsequencesomestudentsIbelievetobeintelligentcantgetintogoodcollegesifthey，youknow，haventscoredwellonthemathsection,eveniftheyarebrilli

19、antwriters。Anotherthingthatdisturbsmeisthatthesocalledweakstudentsareseparatedfromtherestoftheschool.Somekidsarekeptinaseparateclassiftheirgradesarelowerthenothers。Andtheyveveryawareoftheirsocialposition,youknow。Ithinkitcausesthemtoactinawaythatisnotreallypositive.Theyrejustactinginawaythattheyareex

20、pected。Oftentheirgradesgofrombadtoworse。Andthatsprettysad.Ithinkthatmanyofthekidsinthoseclassesareintelligent，buttheyneveractuallyrealizetheirpotentialbecauseofthewaytheyaretreatedearlyonintheireducation。ProblemsResultsEducatorsjustwanttogivestandardizedKidsloseinterestinlearning.tests。Theyonlyfocus

21、onacademicperformancebutneglectstudentsabilitiesandinterestinotherareas.Educatorsoftenexertalotofpressureonstudentstobeaswell-roundedaspossible.“Weak”studentsareseparatedfromtherestoftheschool。Task2:TheFinalExamScriptAtauniversity,therewerefoursophomorestakingachemistrycourse.Theyweredoingsowellonal

22、lthequizzes,midterms,labs，thateachhad“Asofarforthesemester。Thesefourfriendsweresoconfidentthatontheweekendbeforethefinal，theydecidedtogouptotheUniversityofVirginiaandpartywithsomefriendsthere.TheyhadagreattimeanddidntmakeitbacktoschooluntilearlyMondaymorning.Ratherthantakingthefinalthen,theydecidedt

23、ofindtheirprofessorafterthefinalandexplaintohimwhytheymissedit.Theyexplainedthattheyhadplannedtocomebackintimeforthefinalexam，but，unfortunately，theyhadaflattireonthewaybackanddidnthaveaspare.Asaresult，theymissedthefinal.Theprofessorthoughtitoverandthenagreedtheycouldmakeupthefinalthefollowingday.The

24、guyswererelievedandelated。Thenextday,theprofessorplacedtheminseparateroom,handedeachofthemapaper，andtoldthemtobegin。Theylookedatthefirstproblem，worthfivepoints.Itwasasimplequestiononachemicalreaction.“Cool，theythoughtatthesametime,eachoneinhisseparateroom,“Thisisgoingtobeeasy?！盓achfinishedtheproblem

25、andthenturnedthepage。Onthesecondpagewasaquestionworth95points：“Whichofthetireswasflat？”Task3：HarvardUniversityScriptHarvardUniversityistheoldestinstituteofhighestlearningintheUnitedStates。Founded16yearsafterthearrivalofthePilgrimatPlymouth，theuniversityhasgrownfromninestudentswithasinglemastertothep

26、resentenrollmentofmorethan21，000students，includingundergraduatesandstudentsin10graduateandprofessionalschools.Over14,000peopleworkatHarvard，includingmorethan2，100facultymembers.HarvardhasproducedeightAmericanpresidentsandmanyNobelPrizewinners.Duringitsearlyyears,Harvardofferedaclassicacademiccourseb

27、asedonthemodelofEnglishuniversities,butconsistentwiththeprevailingPuritanphilosophy。AlthoughmanyofitsearlygraduatesbecameministersinPuritanchurchesthroughoutNewEngland，theuniversityneverformallyaffiliatedwithaspecificreligiousgroup。UnderPresidentPusey,Harvardstartedwhatwasthenthelargestfundraisingca

28、mpaigninthehistoryofAmericanhighereducation。Itwasan82。5-milliondollarprogramfortheuniversity。Theprogramincreasedfacultysalaries，broadenedstudentaid,creatednewprofessorships,andexpandedHarvardsphysicalfacilities.thNeilL。RudenstinetookofficeasHarvards26presidentin1991。Aspartofanoverallefforttoachieveg

29、reatercoordinationamongtheuniversitysschoolandfaculties，RudenstineencouragedacademicplanningandidentifiedsomeofHarvardsmainintellectualpriorities.Healsostressedtheimportantoftheuniversitysexcellenceinundergraduateeducation,thesignificanceofkeepingHarvardsdoorsopentostudentsfromfamiliesofdifferenteco

30、nomicbackgrounds，thetaskofadaptingtheresearchuniversitytoaneraofbothrapidinformationgrowthandseriousfundshortage。Whatismainideaofthepassage？HowmanyteachersdidHarvardhaveattheverybeginning?WhatwastherelationshipbetweenHarvardUniversityandreligionduringitsearlyyears?WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedas

31、anachievementofPresidentPuseyfundraisingprogram?WhatdidPresidentRudenstinedo?Keys：1。B2。A3.C4。D5.DUint3CulturemakesmewhatIamII.BasicListeningPractice1.ScriptW:ManyChinesestudentsaretooshytosayanythinginaclassroom.M：Ithinktheydonspeaktbecausetheirculturevaluesmodesty,andtheydontwanttoappeartobeshowing

32、off。GoesbacktoConfucius.Q：WhydontChinesestudentssayanythinginclassroomaccordingtotheman？2.ScriptW：Thegovernmentisdoingsomethingatlastaboutsexdiscriminationintheworkplace。Womendeservethesamepayasmenforthesamework.M：Yeah。IntheUnitedStates,womenearnonly70percentofwhatmendoforthesamejob。Itsasituationtha

33、thastobechanged.Q：Whatdoesthemansayaboutwomen?3。ScriptW:IadmireMichaelDell.Hehadadreamtobetheworldslargestmanufacturerofpersonalcomputers,andhehasrealizedthatdream.Andhedroppedoutofuniversitytobecomeasuccess。Iwonderifthereisalessoninthat。Q:WhatdowelearnaboutDellfromtheconversation?4。ScriptSuccessful

34、entrepreneursareoftenself-madepeoplewhohaveavisionandknowwheretheyaregoing.Butdotheyenjoylifelikeyouandme，orismoneytheironlyconcern?Q：Whatarethetwospeakersattitudestowardsuccessfulentrepreneurs?5。ScriptW：Doyouagreethatequalopportunityforallinaneducationalsystemisimportant？Yes,butwehavetorecognizetha

35、tallofusarenotofequalability。Whatdoesthemanimply?Keys：1.C2。A3.D4.B5.AIII。ListeningInTask1:CompetitioninAmericaScriptAlan:Whatareyoureading，Eliza？Eliza：AnarticleonAmericancompetition。Alan:Competitioniseverywhereandconstant.Whysomuchfussaboutit，MissKnowledge？Eliza:Dontmakefunofme。Accordingtotheauthor，

36、competitionisespeciallyimportantinAmericanlife.Theyretaughttocompetefromearly。childhoodWhenchildrenplaygames，theylearnhowtobeatothers。Alan：Andmanygirlswanttolookmoreattractivethanthegirlssittingnexttotheminclass。Doyouthinkthatway？Eliza：Dontbesilly.Letsgetbacktothepoint。Whenchildrenaregrowingup,theyc

37、ompetewithoneanotherintheirstudies。Alan：Isntthatalsotrueofstudentsinothernations？Asweallknow，manyAsianstudentskillforahightestscoreandgrabeveryopportunitytosharpentheircompetitiveedgeoverothers.Eliza:Americanboysfindgreatpleasureincompetingwitheachotherinsports,accordingtotheauthor.Alan:Idolikesport

38、s。Whenourfootballteambeatstheotherteam，Ifeelgreat。Makesmewanttoshoutoutloud。Butisnthatnormalthroughouttheworld？Eliza：Americanpeoplealsocompetewitheachotheratworkandatclimbingthesocialladder。Alan:Buttherescompetitioninothercountriesaswell。Eliza：Yourerightinasense，buttheauthorsaystheideaofcompetingism

39、oredeeplyrootedinthemindsofAmericans.Theyreeventaughtthatifyouloseanddontfeelhurt，theremustbesomethingwrongwithyou。Alan:IhearthatsomeAsiansputemphasisoncooperation。Whichapproachdoyouthinkmakesmoresense？Eliza：Itshardto。sayAnyway,theresnoaccountingfordifferentcultures.Whatisthedialogmainlyabout?Whatis

40、thewomandoing？Whatdochildrenlearnfromplayinggamesaccordingtothewoman?4.Whatdoesthemansayaboutstudents?studiesWhatdoesthewomansaywhenaskedwhichmakesmoresense,competitionorcooperation?Keys:1.C2。A3。C4.B5。DTask2：AmericansWorkEthicScriptForfourhundredyearsormore,onethinghasbeenacharacteristicofAmericans.

41、Itiscalledtheir“work。ethicIts(S1)”rootswereintheteachingoftheChristianPuritanswhofirstsettledin（S2）whatisnowthenortheasternstateofMassachusetts.Theybelievedthatitwastheir（S3）moraldutytoworkateverytasktopleaseGodbytheir(S4）diligence，honesty，attentiontodetails,skill,andattitude.TothesePuritans，itwasa（

42、S5）sintobelazyortodolessthanyourbestinanytask。TheyandlaterAmericanstriedtofollowtheBibles（S6)teachings,If“amanwillnotwork，heshallnoteat.Therefore,Americanshavefor(S7）centuriesbelievedthattheywereguiltyofsiniftheydidnotworkascarefullyandhardastheycouldwhentheydidanything。Godwouldpunishthosewhowerecar

43、elessorlazyintheirwork.(S8)Evenaschildrentheyweretaught,“Ifitsworthdoingatall,itsworth.”doingwellButsomepeoplehavegonebeyondtheusualsenseofdiligence。Theyareespeciallyattractedtothenotionof“climbingtheladder”soastoincreasetheirstatus,financiaposition，andsenseofself-worth.(S9)InEnglishanewwordhasbeenc

44、reatedtodescribepeoplewhoworkcompulsivelly.Theword“workaholicdescribes”anindividualwhoisasaddictedtoworkasanalcoholicistoalcohol。Thereareconflictingpointsofviewaboutworkaholics。Thoseconcernedwithproblemsofmentalstressbelieveworkaholicsabusethemselvesphysicallyandmentally.(S10）Othersholdthatworkaholi

45、csarevaluablemembersofsocietybecausetheyareextremelyproductive。TheAmericanculturevaluesachievement，efficiency,andproduction,andaworkaholicupholdsthesevalues。Task3：Cross-culturalipsondoingbusinessScriptCountriesfromaroundtheglobe，suchasGermany，theU.S。，TheU。K。，andRussia,conductalotofbusinessinChinathe

46、biggestmarketintheworld。Herearesometipstohelpyoudealmoresuccessfullywithpeoplefromthosenations。Firstly,youmustbepunctualwiththeGermans。Beingevenfiveminuteslatemakesapoorimpression.BeingpunctualisalaoveryimportantwiththeAmericansandtheBritish。Butwhileitsimportanttobeontimeforbusinessmeetings,nobodyex

47、pectsyoutobepunctualforaspecialevent.Halfpastsevenreallymeansaquartertoeight,oreveneightoclock!WithRussians，alwaysbeontime，butdontbesurprisedifyourRussiancontactisverylate!Itisnotunusualforthemtobeoneoreventwohourslate！Inthebusinessenvironmentofthosefourcountries,itisbesttowearformalclothesofdarkcol

48、ors.InRussia，designerclothesarerathercommon.However,dontbesurprisedifyougotoanofficeintheU。K.onaFridayandfindeveryonewearingjeans.ManycompaniesintheU。K。havedressdownFridays”，whenpeoplewearcasualattire.Inconversation,theBritishandtheAmericanslovehumorandtalkingaboutsports。Theweatherisalsoagoodtopicof

49、conversationwiththeBritish，butyoushouldavoidpoliticaltalk.WiththeRussians,saypositivethingsabouttheircountry，andavoidmakingcomplaints。TheGermans，however，prefertogetstraightdowntobusiness!RememberthatwiththeGermans，onceadealhasbeenagreedupon,youcantchangeit!WiththeAmericans，moneyismoreimportantthanre

50、lationships,whereaswiththeRussiansitsimportanttogettoknowyourcontactswell。Also,dontbesurprisedifaBritishmeetingseemslikechaos,witheveryoneparticipatingandgivingopinions!Rememberthesetipsandyouwillbeonyourwaytoasuccessfulinternationalbusinesscareer！QuestionsandkeyWhatistrueoftheAmericansandtheBritish

51、intermsofpunctuality？InwhichcountrydopeoplehavedressdownFridays？WhatcanyouinferabouttheRussiansfromtheirconversation？HowcanyoudobusinesswellwiththeRussians?Whatisthespeakersattitudetowardthefournationalities？Keys:1.D2。A3.D4。A5。CVI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingTask1：PunctualityScriptToAmericans，punctua

52、lityisawayofshowingrespectforotherpeoplestime.Beingmorethan10minuteslatetoanappointmentusuallycallsforanapology,andmaybeanexplanation.Peoplewhoarerunninglateoftencallaheadtoletothersknowofthedelay。Ofcourse，thelessformalthesituation,thelessimportantitistobeexactlyontome。Atinformalgettogethers，forexam

53、ple，peopleoftenarriveasmuchas30minutespasttheappointedtime.Buttheyusuallydonttrythatatwork.Americanlifestylesshowhowmuchpeoplerespectthetimeofothers.Whenpeopleplananevent，theyoftensetthetimedaysorweeksinadvance.Oncethetimeisfixed，ittakesalmostanemergencytochanceit。Ifpeoplewanttocometoyourhouseforafr

54、iendlyvisit，theywillusuallycallfirsttomakesureitisconvenient。Onlyveryclosefriendswilljust“dropin”unannounced.Also,peoplehesitatetocallotherslateatnightforfeartheymightbeinbed。Thetimemayvary，butmostfolksthinktwiceaboutcallingafter10：00p。m.Tooutsiders,Americansseemtiedtotheclock。PeopleinsomeEasterncul

55、turesvaluerelationshipsmorethanschedules。Inthesesocieties，peopledontrytocontroltime,buttoexperienceit。ManyEasterncultures，forexample,viewtimeasacycle.Therhythmofnature-fromthepassingofseasonstothemonthlycycleofthemoonshapestheirviewofevents.Iftheyhavewastedsometimeorletanopportunitypassby，theyarenot

56、veryworried，knowingthatmoretimeandopportunitieswillcomeinthenextcycle。ButAmericansoftenwanttojumpatthefirstopportunity.Theyareunwillingtostandbyidlyandgiveuptheopportunity。TheearlyAmericanheroBenjaminFranklinexpressedthatviewoftimelikethis：“Doyoulovelife？Thendonowwastetime，forthatisthestufflifeismad

57、eof.”Accordingtothepassage，whenpeoplearelateinAmerica,whatdotheydo？Accordingtothepassage,whatdoAmericansdoafterthetimeforanappointmentisfixed?HowdopeopleinsomeEasterncountriesviewrelationshipsandschedules?Accordingtothepassage，whyarentsomeEasternpeopleworriediftheyletanopportunitypassby?5.WhatwasBen

58、jaminFranklinsviewof？timeKeys:1.C2。B3。A4.C5。DUint4Tastethesweetsandbittersoffamilylife.II.BasicListeningPractice1。ScriptM：Amy，sitdown,weneedtotalk.YourmotherandIaregoingtoseparate.W:What!Areyoucrazy？Youcantdothat!Whatwillmyfriendssay?Ijustwanttohaveanormalfamily.Q：Whatisthegirlsaying?2.ScriptM：Goode

59、vening，Mrs.Jones。Themanagersentyoutheserosesandhisbestwishestoyoubothforahappyanniversary.Thankyou.Weliketheroomandtheservicehere,andweespeciallyappreciatethemanagersconsideration/Q：Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?3.ScriptW：WhileImscramblingtheeggs，couldyouputtheflourintothebowl?Youbet,darling.Ill

60、alsoturntheovenonsothatitgetswarmedup.Q：Wheredoesthisconversationprobabletakeplace?4.ScriptW：Ihaveaveryimportantmeetingtonight,andImafraidIcantmissit。Butthiseveningistheparentsmeetingatschool,andIwasexpectingyoudcometoit。OK，IllphoneDad,maybeheandhisgirlfriendwillcome.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconver