住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-四川大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Ididn'tknowthework.Ihadto（）adictionary.

問題1選項

A.referto

B.makeout

C.lookout

D.goover

【答案】D

【解析】referto涉及；makeout理解；lookout照料,小心；goover復習,仔細檢查。句意：我不知道這項工作,我得查字典。選項D正確。

2.單選題

IthinkthatIcommitteda（）inaskingherbecausesheseemedveryupsetbymyquestion.

問題1選項

A.blunder

B.revenge

C.reproach

D.scandal

【答案】A

【解析】blunder大錯,失策,疏忽;revenge復仇;reproach申斥,恥辱,責備;scandal丑聞。句意：我想我向她詢問是個失策,因為她看起來對我的問題很不滿意。

3.單選題

Inthecaseofmobilephones,changeiseverything.Recentresearchindicatesthatthemobilephoneischangingnotonlyourculture,butourverybodiesaswell.

First,let'stalkaboutculture.Thedifferencebetweenthemobilephoneanditsparent,theFixed-linephone,isthatamobilenumbercorrespondstoaperson,whilealandlinegoestoaplace.Ifyoucallmymobile,yougetme.Ifyoucallmyfixed—linephone,yougetwhoeveranswersit.

Thishasseveralimplications.Themostcommonone,however,andperhapsthethingthathaschangedourcultureforever,isthe“meeting”influence.Peoplenolongerneedtomakefirmplansaboutwhenandwheretomeet.Twentyyearsago,aFridaynightwouldneedtobearrangedinadvance.Youneededenoughtimetoalloweveryonetogetfromtheirplaceofworktothefirstmeetingplace.Now,however,anightoutcanbearrangedontherun.Itisnolonger“seeyouthereat8”,but“textmearound8andwe'llseewhereweallare”.

Textingchangespeopleaswell.Intheirpaper,InsightsintotheSocialandPsychologicalEffectsofSMSTextMessaging,twoBritishresearchersdistinguishedbetweentwotypesofmobilephoneusers:the“talkers”andthe“texters”—thosewhoprefervoicetotextmessagesandthosewhoprefertexttovoice.

Theyfoundthatthemobilephone'sindividualityandprivacygavetexterstheabilitytoexpressawholenewouterpersonality.Texterswerelikelytoreportthattheirfamilywouldbesurprisediftheyweretoreadtheirtexts.Thissuggeststhattextingallowedtexterstopresentaself-imagethatdifferedfromtheonefamiliartothosewhoknewthemwell.

Anotherscientistwroteofthechangesthatmobileshavebroughttobodylanguage.Therearetwokindsthatpeopleusewhilespeakingonthephone.Thereisthe“speakeasy”:theheadisheldhigh,inaself-confidentway,chattingaway.Andthereisthe“spacemaker”:thesepeoplefocusonthemselvesandkeepoutotherpeople.

Whocanblamethem?Phonemeetingsgetcancelledorreformedandcamera-phonesintrudeonpeople'sprivacy.So,itisunderstandableifyourmobilemakesyounervous.Perhapsyouneedn'tworrysomuch.Afterall,itisgoodtotalk.

1.Whenpeopleplantomeetnowadays,they（）.

2.AccordingtothetwoBritishresearcher,socialandpsychologicaleffectsaremostlylikelytobeseenon（）.

3.Wecaninferfromthispassagethatthetextsare（）.

4.Accordingtothispassage,whoisafraidofbeingheardwhiletalkingonthemobile?

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe,（）.

問題1選項

A.arrangethemeetingplacebeforehand

B.postponefixingtheplacetillthelastminute

C.seldomcareaboutwhenandwheretomeet

D.stilllovetoworkoutdetailedmeetingplans

問題2選項

A.talkers

B.the“speakeasy”

C.the“spacemaker”

D.texters

問題3選項

A.quiterevealing

B.wellwritten

C.unacceptablebyothers

D.shockingtoothers

問題4選項

A.Talkers

B.The“speakeasy”

C.The“spacemaker”

D.Texters

問題5選項

A.theSMSEffect

B.culturalImplicationsofMobilePhoneUse

C.changesintheUseoftheMobile

D.bodyLanguageandthemobilePhone

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Now,however,anightoutcanbearrangedontherun.Itisnolonger‘seeyouthereat8’,but‘textmearound8andwe'llseewhereweallare’.”現(xiàn)在，人們可以在奔走忙碌中，安排一次晚上約會，只需一個大概的時間，到時候找個地方見，以至于見面地點可以拖到最后一分鐘才能確定。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Intheirpaper,InsightsintotheSocialandPsychologicalEffectsofSMSTextMessaging.”在他們的論文中，研究了短信的社會作用和心理作用。發(fā)短信和talk,speak無關(guān)，所以產(chǎn)生影響的只能是發(fā)短信的人，選項D正確。

3.根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Theyfoundthatthemobilephone'sindividualityandprivacygavetexterstheabilitytoexpressawholenewouterpersonality.”他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，手機的個性和隱私賦予了發(fā)短信的人表達一種全新的外在個性的能力。也就是說能夠揭露發(fā)短信者的內(nèi)心世界，展現(xiàn)出另一個不一樣的自己。所以選項A正確。

4.根據(jù)第六段的最后一句“Andthereisthe‘spacemaker’：thesepeoplefocusonthemselvesandkeepoutotherpeople."選項C正確。

5.通讀全文可知本文主要是闡述手機使用過程中所產(chǎn)生的文化內(nèi)涵。選項B更符合原文。

4.單選題

ItisverystrangebutIhadan（）thattheplanewouldcrash.

問題1選項

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration啟發(fā)靈感的人（或事物）,靈感;intuition直覺,直覺力；imagination想象力;incentive動機。句意：這很奇怪,但是直覺告訴我這架飛機會墜毀。

5.單選題

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

問題1選項

A.doesit

B.hasit

C.doesthere

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】Therebe的反義疑問句直接用be動詞+there。

6.單選題

GeorgeWashington（）.

問題1選項

A.alwayswillandalwayshasbeenanAmericanhero

B.alwayshasandalwayswillanAmericanhero

C.alwayshasandalwayswillbeanAmericanhero

D.alwayshasbeenandalwayswillbeanAmericanhero

【答案】D

【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和一般將來時態(tài)的用法。在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，如果謂語中有名詞短語時，此時要借助been來一起組成其謂語成分，即have/hasbeen+名詞短語；在一般將來時態(tài)中，如果謂語動詞中有名詞短語，此時要借助be來一起組成其謂語成分，即be+名詞短語。所以選項D正確。句意：GeorgeWashington一直都是一位美國英雄，并將永遠是。

7.單選題

_____wearehavingthesedays!

問題1選項

A.Whatalovelyweather

B.Whatlovelyweathers

C.Whatlovelyweather

D.Whatlovelyaweather

【答案】C

【解析】考查what感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)。What的用法有：What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語，What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式/不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語，weather為不可數(shù)名詞，所以選項C用法正確，其余均表述有誤。

8.單選題

Thebusthat（）outsidetheinnwouldsoontakethevisitorsdowntown.

問題1選項

A.heldback

B.pulledup

C.gotdown

D.setforth

【答案】B

【解析】heldback阻礙；pulledup停下來,拔起；gotdown下來；setforth提出,陳述。句意：停在旅館外面的巴士很快就會把游客帶到市中心。選項B符合句意。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

人們必須通過對現(xiàn)象的分析和研究,才能了解到事實的本質(zhì),因此需要科學。

我們現(xiàn)在面臨的所有重大世界性問題中最重要的問題就是人口對土地和土地資源的壓力正在迅速增長。

受到這么多挫折和失敗,他比以前聰明多了,這次任務(wù)他一定會完成得很好的。

沒有農(nóng)業(yè),人們就不能生存,社會生產(chǎn)就不能繼續(xù)下去,因此,農(nóng)業(yè)作為國民經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)必須得到足夠重視。

這件事的發(fā)生不是由于我們的過錯,而是由于你的疏忽大意。

【答案】Onlythroughtheanalysisandstudyofthephenomenoncanhumanunderstandthenatureofthefact,therefore,scienceisneeded.

Thepopulationpressureonlandandlandresourcesisgrowingrapidly,whichisthemostimportantoneamongallthemajorworldproblemswearefacing.

Sufferingfromsomanysetbacksandfailures,hehasbecomewiserandcanfinishthistaskwell.

Peoplewillneitherexistnorcanproductionproceedwithoutagriculture.Therefore,asthebasisofthenationaleconomy,wemustpaymoreattentiontotheagriculture.

Theoccurrenceofthismatteriscausedbyyourcarelessness,notbyourfault.

10.單選題

IguessJonesdidn’thaveachancetowintheelection.Almostallofthepeopleinthecityvotedforhis（）.

問題1選項

A.candidate

B.opponent

C.alternative

D.participant

【答案】B

【解析】candidate候選人,候補者；opponent對手；alternative替代者；participant參與者。句意：我認為Jones沒有機會贏得選舉。城里幾乎所有的人都把票投給他的對手了。選項B符合句意。

11.單選題

Thereis（）whatwillhappentothem.

問題1選項

A.notelling

B.nottelling

C.nottotell

D.nottobetold

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnotelling意為：難以預料，很難說。句意：很那說他發(fā)生了什么事。

12.單選題

Shetookhim（）andledhimacrosstheroad.

問題1選項

A.byhishand

B.bythehand

C.withhand

D.withthehand

【答案】B

【解析】takesb.bythehand為習慣搭配,意為牽著某人的手。

13.單選題

Adrunkmanwalkedin,_____inappearance.

問題1選項

A.repulsive

B.reluctant

C.reproachful

D.reputed

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。repulsive排斥的，令人厭惡的；reluctant不情愿的，勉強的；reproachful責備的；reputed名譽好的。句意：一個醉漢走進來了,他看起來讓人厭惡。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

有時候?qū)σ粋€人來說需要終生的時間才能懂得活著就是為了奉獻。

文化是一切。文化是我們著裝的方式,是我們走路的方式,是我們系領(lǐng)帶的方式。

時間是個多才多藝的表演者。它能展翅飛翔,能闊步前進,也能治愈創(chuàng)傷。

音樂是你自身的體驗,你的思想,你的智慧。

國家的發(fā)展取決于年輕一代的素質(zhì),這是么人皆知的事實。

【答案】Sometimes,itwilltakealifetimetounderstandthatlivingisfordevotion.

Cultureiseverything.Itisthewaywedress,walkandtieourties.

Timeisaversatileperformer.Itcanspreaditswingstofly,strideforwardlyandcureanywounds.

Musicisyourpersonalexperience,yourthoughtandyourwisdom.

Itiswidelyknownthatthedevelopmentofacountrydependsonthequalityofyoungergeneration.

15.單選題

Ifithadn’tbeenforthedoctor'scare,I（）speakingtoyounow.

問題1選項

A.wouldnotbe

B.wouldnothavebeen

C.willnotbe

D.willnothavebeen

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。從句用過去完成時,主句要用wouldhavedone的形式。這里都是表否定意義,所以選項B正確。句意：如何沒有醫(yī)生的悉心照料,我現(xiàn)在不會站在這兒和你說話。

16.單選題

Somepeoplecriticizefamilydoctorsfor（）toomanymedicinesforminorillnesses.

問題1選項

A.prescribing

B.ordering

C.advising

D.delivering

【答案】A

【解析】prescribing規(guī)定,開藥；ordering訂購；advising建議；delivering發(fā)表,投遞。句意：有些人批評家庭醫(yī)生為小病開的藥過多。

17.單選題

AldousHuxleywasamostunfortunateman.Whenhediedin1963hemusthaveexpiredintheconfidentbeliefthattheeventwouldbegivenwidecoverageinthepressthenextday.Afterall,hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.AsaresultHuxleygotaboutthreecolumninchesatthebottomofpage27.

InthesamewaythedeathofVictorFarrishasgonewidelyunnoticedbecausehefoolishlyshuffledoffthismortalcoilatthesametimeasMr.KonstantinCherenkov.Now,asyouallknow,VictorFarriswasthechapwhoinventedthepaperclip,thepapermilkcartontoo.AndpaperclipsandmilkcartonswillbeinuselongaftereveryonehasforgottenthenameofthecomradewhocamebetweenAndropovandwhateverthisnewblokeiscalled.

ThesamegoesfortheinventorofthesupermarkettrolleywhodiedinSwitzerlandafewmonthsago.Felloffhistrolley,sotospeak.Foralliknow,hemaybeahouseholdnameinhisowncantonandtheyareputtingupastatueofhomewheelinghistrolley,andaregoingtocommemoratehimononeofthoseever-so-tastefulSwisspostagestampsweusedtocollectwhenwewereyoungerandwiser,butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.Personallyiforgotitwithinminutesofreadingofhisdecease.

Notthatitmatters.Somehowitishardtoimaginethingslikepaperclipsandsupermarkettrolleyshavinghadanamedinventor.It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.Oneassumesthattheseeverydayobjectsjusthappened,orevolvedthroughnaturalselection.

Itisn’tnecessarilyso.IreadonlytheotherdaythatRichardLiinventedthehandkerchief.AlmosteverythingelsewasinventedeitherbyLeonardodaVinci(scissors,bicycles,helicopters,andprobablyspoons,socksandtheRubikcubeaswell)orbyBenjaminFranklin(lightning-conductor,rocking-chair,bifocals)orelsebyJosephStalin(television).

It’squitepossiblethatLeonardoorBenjaminFranklinorStalinalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolley.Certainlyithasbeeninventedmorethanonce.HardlywasHerrEdelweiss(orwhatevertheSwisschapwascalled)inhisgravethannewscameofthedeathofSylvanN.Goodmanattheageof86.Sylvanalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolleyor,astheLosAngelesTimesreportcallsit,theshoppingcart.

Bethatasitmay,HerrEdelweissorSylvanGoodman,orboth,didagrandjobandmadesupermarketshoppingfarlesshellishthanitwouldotherwisebe.Thenextstepwillbetogetthetrolleysoutoftheshopsandintothestreets.Youcouldputanengineinthefrontandcallitacar.Orgiveitbigwheelsandacanopyandcallitapram.Thepossibilitiesareendless.

1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHerrEdelweiss_______.

2.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinordertoillustratethat_______.

3.Whoprobablyinventedspoons?

4.BystatingthatLeonardodaVinciinventedhelicopters,theauthormeans_______.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAldousHuxley?

問題1選項

A.wasrememberedbythepeoplealloverworld

B.madealotofmoneyfromhisinvention

C.wasnotveryfamous

D.wasabusinesspartnerofSylvanGoodman

問題2選項

A.thenamesofthepeoplewhoinventedthemostusefulthingsareusuallyforgotten

B.everydayobjectsareinventedandevolvethroughnaturalselection

C.manyeverydayobjectsareinventedmorethanonce

D.manyfamouspeoplehavepassedawaywithoutbeingnoticed

問題3選項

A.LeonardodaVinci.

B.BenjaminFranklin.

C.VictorFarris.

D.apersonunknown.

問題4選項

A.hereallydidit

B.heisamilitaryscientist

C.hepaintedinoneofhismasterpiecesahelicopters

D.peopleturntoascribeinventionstohimbuttheyarewrong

問題5選項

A.Hisdeathwasnotreportedbythepress.

B.Hewasafamousinventor.

C.Hemadeaverybigmistakeinhislateyears.

D.HediedonthesamedayasJohnF.Kennedy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“HerrEdelweiss”定位到最后兩段，這兩段提到HerrEdelweiss和SylvanGoodman都曾發(fā)明了手推車；再根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.”作者懷疑他的名字是否會在這個小國之外被人記住。也就是說，HerrEdelweiss并不出名，選項C符合原文。

2.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講很多發(fā)明了日常用品的發(fā)明家們的名字卻沒有被人們記住。選項A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第三句“It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.”這就像發(fā)現(xiàn)在某個特定的歷史時刻某個特定的人發(fā)明了勺子，椅子，或者襪子。雖然第五段第三句提到LeonardodaVinci發(fā)明了剪子、自行車、直升飛機、勺子、襪子和骰子等，但事實上作者想表達的意思是：人們只記得一些有名的人物,卻根本不知道是誰發(fā)明了這些重要的日常用品。所以本題選D。

4.和上一題一樣，作者意在說明：人們只記得一些有名的人物，喜歡把他想象成發(fā)明了很多東西的人。

5.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.”他犯的最大錯誤就是在約翰?肯尼迪遇刺的同一天死去?？芍x項D符合原文。第一段最后一句提到Huxley的死訊只出現(xiàn)在報紙第27版的末尾部分，并不是沒有報道，只是篇幅很小，所以選項A錯誤；根據(jù)“hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.”可知他并不出名；選項C理解有誤，所以本題選項D。

18.單選題

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（）.

問題1選項

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】identified識別,辨認;guaranteed保證;notified通知,告知;conveyed傳達。句意：盡管一些可能會導致癌癥的條件已經(jīng)得到確認,但最根本的原因還不知道。

19.單選題

Accordingtothelawwhichhelaterproduced,everythingintheuniverseattractseverythingelsetowards（）.

問題1選項

A.it

B.everything

C.itself

D.each

【答案】C

【解析】考查反身代詞的用法。反身代詞itself與主語everything形成互指關(guān)系，表示向它自身的方向吸引另一物體。選項C符合句意。句意：根據(jù)他后來提出的定律，宇宙中的一切事物相互間都彼此吸引。

20.單選題

Inordertoshowhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetook（）troubleoverthefigures.

問題1選項

A.extensive

B.spare

C.extra

D.supreme

【答案】C

【解析】extensive廣泛的,大量的；spare多余的,少量的；extra額外的；supreme最高的,最重要的。句意：為了讓老板知道他是一個多么細心的工人,他在數(shù)據(jù)上花了額外的功夫。

21.單選題

Duringthesummervacation,kidsareoftenseenhanging_____inthestreets.

問題1選項

A.about

B.on

C.over

D.out

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。hangabout徘徊，閑蕩；hangon堅持下去，不掛斷；hangover掛在...之上；hangout閑逛，鬼混。hangout側(cè)重于跟朋友出去玩；hangabout一般指無所事事，游手好閑。句意：暑假期間，經(jīng)常看到孩子們在街上閑逛。選項D更符合語境。

22.單選題

WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguage,heshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange—attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.Ourlanguagehasalwaysbeenalivinggrowingorganism,ithasneverbeenstatic.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuchastudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.Atoneextremeithasbeenthepropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirliving,muchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthosewhohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitsomepermanence,order,dignity,andifpossible,alittlebeauty.

Asweconsiderourchanginglanguage,weshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportancetous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-Saxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevicesforshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentence.Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)wasalanguageofmanyinflections.ModernEnglishhasfewinfections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthattheolderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,arewordssuchasprepositions,conjunctions,andafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords,afewinflections,however,havesurvived.Andwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordorder,theremaybetroublefortheusersofthelanguage,asweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmattersasWHoorWHOmandMeorI.Thesecondfactwemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchanges,ourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.

1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguists,modernlinguiststendto_____.

2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword“inflection”usedinparagraph2.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablya(an)_____.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.attempttocontinuethestandardizationofthelanguage

B.evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatterns

C.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguagethanitsanalysisorhistory

D.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguageusage

問題2選項

A.changesintheformsofwords.

B.changesinsentencestructures.

C.changesinspellingrules.

D.wordsthathavesimilarmeanings.

問題3選項

A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningofthemodernEnglishlanguage.

B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageatsomestagesofitsdevelopment.

C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchange.

D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.

問題4選項

A.historian

B.philosopher

C.anthropologist

D.linguist

問題5選項

A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.

B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguage.

C.Ourchanginglanguage.

D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“...,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.”直到現(xiàn)在，人們才有一種強烈的趨勢，那就是重新研究和評價語言實踐中人們說話和寫作的方式。由此可知，現(xiàn)代語言學家根據(jù)人們說話和寫作的方式而不是標準或者模式來評估語言實踐。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“Andwhensomewordinflections...suchmattersasWHoorWHOmandMeorI.”可知“inflection”其意為“單詞變形”，選項A正確。

3.根據(jù)第一段的一二三四句“Wroupbutofmany.”可知選項A，C，D正確。選項B其他語言對英語的重大影響在本文中并未提及。

4.本文主要是講英語語言的變化與發(fā)展,由此推斷作者應該為語言學家。

5.本文主要是講英語語言的變化與發(fā)展,并不是講述英語歷史，所以A項錯誤；選項B和D只是文章的片段，不夠全面，所以本題選項C正確。

23.單選題

（）moreimportant,notonlythelostcitieswererecovered,butthenewcitieswerebuilt.

問題1選項

A.Thatis

B.Itis

C.Because

D.Whatis

【答案】D

【解析】句意：更重要的是,不僅找回了丟失的城市,而且建造了新的城市。

24.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Thecruxoftheproblemis:youngpeople,beingatthestartoftheirowncareerandhavingtoexertthemselvestotheutmostallthetime,arealwaysunderthegreateststressandsevereststrain.Themiddle-agedpeople,ontheotherhand,havingaccomplishedwhatevertheyhave,mayrelievethemselvesoftheirload,andstarttoenjoyaquietandleisurelylifeunburdenedwithanyambitionsandawayfromthestormsoflife.Consequently,middle-agedpersonsquicklylapseintoindolence.Mostfamousworksthatappearedinthepastcenturies,includingthepresent,werewrittenbyauthorsaround30.WorkswithanycreativenessseldomcamefromthepenofChineseauthorsover40,exceptautobiographiesandnotesbywayofannotation.Butforwritersabroad,agedoesnotseemtoaffecttheirenergyorimaginationatall.Someliterarycelebritiesdidnotstarttheircareeruntilafter40.Becauseofvariousreasons,thelifespanofusChineseusedtobeveryshort.Hencetheoldsaying“man’slifefromoldhasrarelyreachedseventy.”Thereforethemiddle-ageperiodwasmuchearlier,andmenoflettersveryearlyintheirlivesbecame“old”andconservativepsychologically.

【答案】問題的核心是：年輕人正處于事業(yè)初創(chuàng)階段,必須時刻盡力發(fā)揮自己,由此其總是面臨莫大的壓力,受到的傷痛也極為嚴重。而中年人已經(jīng)取得他們所要的一切,可以卸下重負,開始享受安靜、愜意的生活,這生活沒有任何雄心壯志,也遠離生活的狂風暴雨。結(jié)果,中年人很快就懶惰起來。自上世紀到目前的許多著名作品,其作者都在30歲左右。40歲以上的中國作家極少能寫出創(chuàng)意作品來,當然有注解的自傳和說明除外。但對國外作家而言,年齡問題似乎絲毫不會影響其想象力。一些文學大家常常是到40歲之后才開始文學創(chuàng)作。

由于種種原因,過去中國人的壽命往往很短。由此產(chǎn)生了一句古話：“人生七十古來稀”。因此中年這一階段就大大提前了,而名人則很早就“變老”了,心理上也開始保守起來。

25.單選題

Paintingsarestatic.Theuniquenessoftheexperienceoflookingatapaintingrepeatedly—overaperiodofdaysoryears—isthat,inthemidstofflux,theimageremainschangeless.Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchangingthesamemilkflowingfromthesamejug,thewavesontheseawithexactlythesameformationunbroken,thesmileandthefacewhichhavenotaltered.

Onemightbetemptedtosaythatpaintingspreserveamoment.Yetonreflectionthisisobviouslyuntrue.Forthemomentofapainting,unlikeamomentphotographed,neverexistedassuch.Andsoapaintingcannotbesaidtopreserveit.

Ifapainting"stops",time,itisnot,likeaphotograph,preservingamomentofthepastfromthesupersessionofsucceedingmoments.Iamthinkingoftheimagewithintheframe,thescenewhichisdepicted.Clearlyifoneconsidersanartist'slife-workorthehistoryofart,oneistreatingpaintingsasbeing,partly,recordsofthepast,evidenceofwhathasbeen.Yetthishistoricalview,whetherusedwithinaMarxistoridealisttradition,haspreventedmostartexpertsfromconsidering—orevennoticing―theproblemofhowtimeexists(ordoesnot)withinpainting.

InearlyRenaissanceart,inpaintingsfromnon-Europeancultures,incertainmodemworks,theimageimpliesapassageoftime.Lookingatit,thespectatorseesbefore,duringandafter.TheChinesesagetakesawalkfromonetreetoanother,thecarriagerunsoverthechild,thenudedescendsthestaircase.Andthisofcoursehasbeenanalyzedandcommentedupon.Yettheensuingimageisstillstaticwhilstreferringtothedynamicworldbeyonditsedges,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.Strangebecauseitisbothsoflagrantandsotakenforgranted.

Paintersthemselvespractiseapartialanswer,evenifitremainsunformulatedinwords.Whenisapaintingfinished?Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—likethesecondshoeofapair—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.ThelongorshortprocessofpaintingapictureistheprocessofconstructingthefuturemomentswhenitwillbelookedatInreality,despitethepainter'sideal,thesemomentscannotbeentirelydetermined.Theycanneverbeentirelyfilledbythepainting.Neverthelessthepaintingisentirelyaddressedtothesemoments.

Whetherthepainterisahackoramastermakesnodifferencetothe"address"ofthepainting.Thedifferenceisinwhatapaintingdelivers;inhowcloselythemomentofitsbeinglookedat,asforeseenbythepainter,correspondstotheinterestsoftheactualmomentsofitsbeinglookedatlaterbyotherpeople,whenthecircumstancessurroundingitsproduction(patronage,fashion,ideology)havechanged.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

2.Whatdoesthepronoun“it”inthelastlineofthe4thparagraphreferto?

3.Whenisapaintingfinishedaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat().

5.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe().

問題1選項

A.Aspecificmomentispreservedthetimeapaintingiscreated.

B.Thecontentofapaintingremainsstaticthoughitsimplicationmaykeepchanging.

C.Apaintingstopstimeinthatitdepictsamomentofthepastandfixesitwithintheframe.

D.AMarxistviewtendstoseeapaintingaschangingallthetime.

問題2選項

A.Theensuingimage.

B.Theproblem.

C.Themeaningofthecontrast

D.Thecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.

問題3選項

A.Whenitrealisticallydepictssomethingintherealworld.

B.Whentheartistforeseeshowhispaintingwillbereceivedbythepublic.

C.Whenthemomentofitsbeinglookedatcorrespondstotheartist’sexpectationofhowit'sgoingtobelookedat.

D.Whentheartistcandeterminethemomentwhenitwillbelookedat.

問題4選項

A.imagesinsomeRenaissancepaintingsmayhotnecessarilybestatic

B.paintingsbyahackorbyamasterarethesameinthattheyaddressthesamepeople

C.whetherapaintingisstaticordynamicisdeterminednotbythepainterbutbythosewholookatit

D.unlikeapainting,aphotographcanpreserveamoment

問題5選項

A.PaintingandTime

B.PaintersandTheirWorks

C.TheStaticandtheDynamic

D.TheHistoryofPaintingasaFormofArt

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第三句“Ofcoursethesignificanceoftheimagemaychange,asaresultofeitherhistoricalorpersonaldevelopments,butdepictedisunchanging.”選項B一幅畫的內(nèi)容保持不變,盡管它的含義可能不斷變化,正確。

2.根據(jù)上一句“...,andthisposestheproblemofwhatisthemeaningofthatstrangecontrastbetweenstaticanddynamic.”這就產(chǎn)生了一個問題：靜態(tài)和動態(tài)之間的這種奇怪對比究竟是什么意思。所以正確答案為D。

3.根據(jù)第五段的第三句“Notwhenitfinallycorrespondstosomethingalreadyexisting—...—butwhentheforeseenidealmomentofitbeinglookedatisfilledasthepainterfeelsorcalculatesitshouldbefilled.”選項C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)原文可推斷出選項C正確,一幅畫是靜態(tài)的還是動態(tài)的不是由畫家決定的,而是由觀看者決定的。

5.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知選項D更符合原文。選項A,B,C都只是其中的一部分。

26.單選題

Thefarmeroutupironfencesaroundtheflower（）gardenneighbor’ssheepshouldbreakin.

問題1選項

A.onconditionthat

B.nowthat

C.lest

D.but

【答案】C

【解析】onconditionthat如果；nowthat既然,由于；lest唯恐,以免。句意：為了防止鄰居家的羊搞破壞,農(nóng)民在花園周圍搭起了鐵柵欄。選項C符合句意。

27.單選題

ThelongitudinalstudydemonstratesthatstudentswhoreceiveESL(Englishasasecondlanguage)instructionarefarbetterthanthosetaughtprimarilyintheirnativelanguage.Acomparisonofthethree-yearexitratesforstudentsinESLandbilingualprogramsshowsthatthosewhoreceiveESLinstructiontestoutfasterandinhigherpercentagesthanthosewhoreceiveinstructionintheirnative