10

初中七年級(jí)上冊(cè)必備一般時(shí)態(tài)

§一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一、動(dòng)詞的第三人稱詞尾變化：

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需加-s或-es：

規(guī)則

動(dòng)詞原形

第三人稱單數(shù)形式

一般在詞尾加-S,（清輔音后讀/s

play

plays

/,在濁輔音后讀/Z/;在t后

leave

leaves

讀/ts/，在d后讀/dz/o)

swim

swims

以字母s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的詞加

pass

passes

-es,讀/iz/，如果動(dòng)詞原形詞尾

fix

fixes

已有e,則只加-S。

teach

teaches

wish

wishes

do

does

以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先變

study

studies

y為i,再加-es,讀/z/。

carry

carries

fly

flies

注意：動(dòng)詞have的第三人稱單數(shù)是has.

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1）表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的副詞連用。常用的頻度副詞有：always、often、usually、seldom、never。頻度副詞在句中通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前,系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后。

例如:Heoftengoesswimminginsummer.他夏天經(jīng)常游泳。

Iusuallyleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開(kāi)家。

2）表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。

例如：Myfatherisatwork.Heisverybusy.我父親在工作，他很忙。

Theboyistwelve.這男孩十二歲。

3）表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格、特征和能力等。

例如：Allmyfamilylovefootball.我全家人都喜歡足球。

Mysisterisalwaysreadytohelpothers.我妹妹總是樂(lè)于助人。

AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.安英語(yǔ)寫得不錯(cuò)，講的可不行。

4）表示客觀真理，客觀存在，自然現(xiàn)象。

例如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中國(guó)東部。

5）表示按計(jì)劃或安排好的，或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,takeplace等。

例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開(kāi)。

Hecomesbacktonight.他今晚回來(lái)。

6）在復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

例如：I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回來(lái)時(shí)，我將告訴他這個(gè)消息。

Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.

如果你接受這份工作，他們將和你談?wù)劶?xì)節(jié)。

一、單選

Jennyinanoffice.Herparentsinahospital.

AworkworksBworksworkCworkareworkingDisworkingwork

Oneoftheboysablackhat.

AhaveBthereisCthereareDhas

Wewillgoshoppingifittomorrow.

Adon'trainBdidn'trainCdoesn'trainDisn'train

Hesaidthesunintheeastandinthewest.

Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets

WangMeimusicandoftentomusic.

Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen

JennyEnglisheveryevening.

AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied

二、填空

1IcantakeLiMingtherewhenhe(come)tovisit.

2yoursister(know)English?

3Herhome(遠(yuǎn)離)herschool.

4Thepot(notlook)likeyoursverymuch.

5Whereyou(have)luncheveryday?

6Who(想要)togoswimming?

she(do)thehouseworkeveryday?

JennyandDannyusually(play)gamesintheafternoon.

(三)、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

Heoften(have)dinnerathome.

DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.

We(notwatch)TVonMonday.

Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

they(like)theWorldCup?

Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?

yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?

Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

There(be)somewaterinthebottle.

Mike(like)cooking.

They(have)thesamehobby.

Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.

Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.

I(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.

She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

LiuTao(do)notlikePE.

Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.

WangKaiandWangli(have)eightlessonsthisterm.

－Whatday(be)ittoday?－It'sSaturday.

Weoften(play)intheplaygound.

He(get)upatsixo'clock.

you(brush)yourteetheverymorning.

What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?

Danny(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.

Mikesometimes(go)totheparkwithhissister.

Ateightatnight,she(watch)TVwithhisparents.

Mike(read)Englisheveryday?

Howmanylessonsyourclassmate(have)onMonday?

Whattimehismother(do)thehousework?

§一般過(guò)去時(shí)

一、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化：

構(gòu)成規(guī)則

動(dòng)詞原形

動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式

一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed，

look

looked

（在清輔音后讀/t/;在濁輔

Play

played

音和兀音后讀/d/;在

work

worked

/t/,/d/后讀/id/。

結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞在末尾加-d

like

liked

live

lived

hope

hoped

末尾只有個(gè)輔音字母的

plan

planned

重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個(gè)輔

stop

stopped

音字母，再加-ed

drop

dropped

結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)

study

studies

詞，先變“y”為T”再加-ed

worry

worries

cry

cries

二.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法

1）表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,justnow,theotherday,in1982等連用。在一般過(guò)去式中，要表達(dá)“過(guò)多少時(shí)間之后”，一般用after。幾年后。

例如：Wheredidyougojustnow?剛才你上哪兒去了？

Afterafewyears,shestartedtoplaythepiano.幾年后，她開(kāi)始彈鋼琴。

2）表示在過(guò)去，經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與often,always等表示頻度的副詞連用。例如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.

我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，常在馬路上踢足球。

3）一般過(guò)去式也可與today,thisweek,thismonth,thisyear等表現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間壯語(yǔ)連用，但這些時(shí)間壯語(yǔ)須指過(guò)去的時(shí)間，決不包含“現(xiàn)在”“此時(shí)此刻”的意思。

例如：Didyouseehimtoday?今天你看見(jiàn)他了嗎？

、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

is\am

fly

plant

are

drink

play

go

make

does

dance

worry

ask

taste

eat

draw

put

throw

kick

pass

do

二、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

IanEnglishteachernow.

Shehappyyesterday.

Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.

HelenandNancygoodfriends.

Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.

Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.

ThereasignonthechaironMonday.

TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.It

Children'sDay.Allthestudentsveryexcited.

三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

I(watch)acartoononSaturday.

Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.

Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)

you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?

he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.

GaoShan(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.

I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.

Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?

She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.

It(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday

10.Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.

He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.

12.Helen(milk)acowonFriday.

Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)

Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)

Jim'smother(plant)treesjustnow.

they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they.

I(watch)acartoononMonday.

18We(go)toschoolonSunday.

It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite(go)tohisofficebycar.

GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.

Don'tthehouse.Mumityesterday.(clean)

Whatyoujustnow?Isomehousework.(do)

They(make)akiteaweekago.

Iwanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth.(pick)

hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)

§一般將來(lái)時(shí)

一、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形

在口語(yǔ)中，will在名詞或代詞后常縮為'll,willnot常簡(jiǎn)縮為won't。在疑問(wèn)句中，主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)（I和we）時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。

例如：She'llgotoplaybasketball.她要去打籃球。

Shallwegotothezoo?我們要去動(dòng)物園嗎？

二、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法

1、表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow,nextyear等連用。例如：I'llmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.

2、表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

例如：I'llcomeandseeyoueverySaturdaynextyear.明年我將每個(gè)星期六來(lái)看你。

3、表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)于將來(lái)的看法、假設(shè)和推測(cè)，通常用beafraid,be/feelsure,hope,know,think等后面的從句或與副詞perhaps,possibly,maybe等連用。

例如：Ithinkshe'llgobackhomeforsupper.我想她會(huì)回家吃飯。

Maybeshe'llgotothegym.也許她會(huì)去體育館。

三、begoingto+不定式，表示將來(lái)。

1、表示主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行某一行動(dòng)的打算意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思。即計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。

例如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？

Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。這出戲下月開(kāi)播。

2、表示說(shuō)話人確信如此或有某種跡象表明某事即將發(fā)生。

例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。

3、注意：begoingto和will之間的區(qū)別。

Q兩者都用于預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)，begoingto意指有跡象表明某件事將要發(fā)生，屬客觀的推測(cè)；will則意指說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為/相信某件事將要發(fā)生，屬主觀的推測(cè)。

Q2兩者在時(shí)間的發(fā)生上，begoingto通常表示馬上要發(fā)生或相當(dāng)快就要發(fā)生的事情；而will不指明任何具體時(shí)間，可以指遙遠(yuǎn)的未來(lái)。

例如：Heisgongintobebetter.他的病就要好起來(lái)了。

Hewillbebetter.他的病會(huì)好起來(lái)了。

Q兩者都表示意圖時(shí)，begoingto含有預(yù)先計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備的意思；will則指未經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)先思考或計(jì)劃，是臨時(shí)的一種決定。

Q在條件壯語(yǔ)從句中，begoingto表將來(lái),will表意愿。

例如：Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.如果你將要去旅行，最好盡快做好準(zhǔn)備。

MissGaowilltellyoutheanswerifyouaskher.如果你去問(wèn)高老師，她會(huì)告訴你答案。

四、be+不定式表將來(lái)，表示客觀安排或受人指示而將要做某事。

例如：WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。

五、beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

例如：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他馬上要去北京。

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

()1.Thereameetingtomorrowafternoon.

A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe

()2.Charlieherenextmonth.

A.isn'tworkingB.doesn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork

()3.Heverybusythisweek,hefreenextweek.

A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe

()4.Thereadolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.

A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe

()5.-youfreetomorrow?-No.Ifreethedayaftertomorrow.

A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will

C.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe

()6.Mothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.

D.give

A.willgivesB.willgiveC.gives

()7.-ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?-.(不，不要。)

A.No,youwon't.B.No,youaren't.C.No,pleasedon't.D.No,please.

()8.-Whereisthemorningpaper?-I訐foryouatonce.

A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget

()9.aconcertnextSaturday?

A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare

()10.Iftheycome,weameeting.

A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave

()11.Heherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.

A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving

()12.Hetousassoonashegetsthere.

A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote

()13.Heinthreedays.

A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback

()14.Ifittomorrow,we'llgoroller-skating.

A.isn'trainB.won'trainC.doesn'trainD.doesn'tfine

()15.-WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?

-No,(不去).

A.theywilln't.B.theywon't.C.theyaren't.D.theydon't.

()16.Whoweswimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?

A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go

()17.Wetheworkthiswaynexttime.

A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing

()18.Tomorrowheakiteintheopenairfirst,andthenboatinginthepark.

A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo

()19.Thedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.

A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch

()20.ThereabirthdaypartythisSunday.

A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe

()21.TheyanEnglisheveningnextSunday.

A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave

()22.youfreenextSunday?

A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be

()23.Hethereattentomorrowmorning.

A.willB.isC.willbeD.be

()24.yourbrotheramagazinefromthelibrary?

A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrow

C.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows

()25.-ShallIcomeagaintomorrowafternoon?-(好的).

A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwill.C.No,please.D.No,youwon't.

()26.Ittheyearofthehorsenextyear.

A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis

()27.openthewindow?

A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou

()28.-Let'sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?-OK.I.

A.willcomingB.begoingtocomeC.comeD.amcoming

()29.ItusalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.

A.takesB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend

()30.Thetrainat11.

A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving

二、動(dòng)詞填空

I(leave)inaminute.I(finish)allmyworkbeforeI(leave).

-Howlongyou(study)inourcountry?

-I(plan)tobehereforaboutonemoreyear.

-I(hope)tovisittheotherpartsofyourcountry.

-Whatyou(do)afteryou(leave)here?

-I(return)homeand(get)ajob.

I(be)tired.I(go)tobedearlytonight.

Mary'sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother(give)herapresent.

Itisverycoldthesedays.It(snow)soon.

-you(be)herethisSaturday?

-No.I(visit)myteacher.

-I(get)youacopyoftoday'snewspaper?

-Thankyou.

Iamafraidthere(be)ameetingthisafternoon.Ican'tjoinyou.

Mike(believe,not)thisuntilhe(see)itwithhisowneyes.

Mostofusdon'tthinktheirteam(win).

三、用所給動(dòng)詞的一般將來(lái)時(shí)填空

I(leave)inaminute.I(finish)allmyworkbeforeI(leave).

-Howlongyou(study)inourcountry?

-I(plan)tobehereforaboutonemoreyear.

-I(hope)tovisittheotherpartsofyourcountry.

-Whatyou(do)afteryou(leave)here?

-I(return)homeand(get)ajob.

I(be)tired.I(go)tobedearlytonight.

Mary'sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother(give)herapresent.

Itisverycoldthesedays.It(snow)soon.

-you(be)herethisSaturday?

-No.I(visit)myteacher.

-I(get)youacopyoftoday'snewspaper?

-Thankyou.

C.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback

14

A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give

13

Iamafraidthere(be)ameetingthisafternoon.Ican'tjoinyou.

Mike(believe,not)thisuntilhe(see)itwithhisowneyes.

Mostofusdon'tthinktheirteam(win).

四、單項(xiàng)選擇

Thereameetingtomorrowafternoon.

A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobe

C.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe

Charlieherenextmonth.

A.isn'tworkingB.doesn'tworking

C.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork

Heverybusythisweek,hefreenextweek.

A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe

Thereadolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.

A.wasB.isgoingtohave

C.willhaveD.isgoingtobe

-youfreetomorrow?

-No.Ifreethedayaftertomorrow.

A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will

C.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe

Mothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.

-ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?

-.（不，不要。）

A.No,youwon'tB.No,youaren't.

C.No,pleasedon'tD.No,please.

-Whereisthemorningpaper?

-Iifforyouatonce.

A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget

aconcertnextSaturday?

A.TherewillbeB.Willtherebe

C.TherecanbeD.Thereare

Iftheycome,weameeting.

A.haveB.willhave

C.hadD.wouldhave

Heherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.

A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving

Hetousassoonashegetsthere.

A.writesB.haswritten

C.willwriteD.wrote

Heinthreedays.

A.comingbackB.cameback

A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving

16

C.willhavingD.isgoingtohave

15

Ifittomorrow,we'llgoroller-skating.

A.isn'trainB.won'trainC.doesn'trainD.doesn'tfine

-WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?

-No,（不去）.

A.theywilln'tB.theywon't.C.theyaren'tD.theydon't.

Whoweswimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?

A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go

Wetheworkthiswaynexttime.

A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing

Tomorrowheakiteintheopenairfirst,andthenboatinginthe

park.

A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goes

C.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo

Thedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.

A.willwatchingB.watches

C.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch

ThereabirthdaypartythisSunday.

A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe

TheyanEnglisheveningnextSunday.

A.arehavingB.aregoingtohave

youfreenextSunday?

A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be

Hethereattentomorrowmorning.

A.willB.isC.willbeD.be

yourbrotheramagazinefromthelibrary?

A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrow

C.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows

-ShallIcomeagaintomorrowafternoon?

-（好的）.

A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwill.C.No,pleaseD.No,youwon't.

Ittheyearofthehorsenextyear.

A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis

openthewindow?

A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou

-Let'sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?

-OK.I.

A.willcomingB.begoingtocomeC.comeD.amcoming

ItusalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.

A.takesB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend

Thetrainat11.

10

五、把下列各句譯成英語(yǔ)

1?我叔叔今晚要來(lái)。

2?他沒(méi)有打算住那座小屋。

3?我們要讀這本書。

4.-你爸爸要去釣魚嗎？-不，他要去游泳。

附錄：初中常見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化表

A-A-A型變化

動(dòng)詞原形

過(guò)去式

過(guò)去分詞

基本含義

broadcast

broadcast

broadcast

廣播；播放

cost

cost

cost

價(jià)值為；花費(fèi)；使付出

hurt

hurt

hurt

切；害0；剪；砍；肖U

let

let

let

允許；讓

put

put

put

放；擺；裝入

read

read

read

閱讀；朗誦

shut

shut

shut

關(guān)上；封閉，禁閉；合攏

A-B-A型變化

動(dòng)詞原形

過(guò)去式

過(guò)去分詞

基本含義

overcome

overcame

overcome

克服；戰(zhàn)勝

become

became

become

變?yōu)?；成?/p>

come

came

come

到來(lái)；出現(xiàn)

run

ran

run

跑；奔跑；（顏色）褪色

三.A-B-B型變化

動(dòng)詞原形

過(guò)去式

過(guò)去分詞

基本含義

bend

bent

bent

使受屈

bring

brought

brought

帶來(lái)；引起；產(chǎn)生

buy

bought

bought

購(gòu)買；采購(gòu)

catch

caught

caught

接??；抓??；趕上；染上

deal

dealt

dealt

分配；分給

dig

dug

dug

挖（土）掘（地）

feel

felt

felt

觸摸（某物）；感覺(jué)到

fight

fought

fought

搏斗；奮斗；斗爭(zhēng)；爭(zhēng)論

find

found

found

發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；找到；感到

get

got

got/gotten

收到；接到；得到；成為

have

had

had

有；吃；喝；進(jìn)行；經(jīng)受

hear

heard

heard

聽(tīng)見(jiàn)；聽(tīng)說(shuō)；得知

hold

held

held

拿??；抓??；抱；舉行

keep

kept

kept

留下；保留；繼續(xù)

lay

laid

laid

放置；產(chǎn)（卵）

leave

left

left

離開(kāi)；把…留下；剩下

learn

learnt

learnt

學(xué)；學(xué)習(xí)；獲悉；得知

learned

learned

lend

lent

lent

借出；借給

lose

lost

lost

失去；喪失；損失

make

made

made

做；制作；制造；使得

meet

met

met

遇見(jiàn)；碰見(jiàn)（某人）；相遇

pay

paid

paid

付錢；給…報(bào)酬

say

said

said

說(shuō)；講

sell

sold

sold

賣，銷售

shine

shone

shone

發(fā)光；照耀；照射

shined

shined

sit

sat

sat

坐；就座

sleep

slept

slept

睡；睡覺(jué)；睡著

smell

smelt

smelt

聞出，嗅；散發(fā)氣味

spend

spent

spent

用（錢）花（時(shí)間）；度過(guò)

stand

stood