住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thefathercan’tevendisciplinehimself,______agoodexampletohischildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoset

B.muchlesssetting

C.muchlesstoset

D.stillmoresetting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)muchmore“更加；多得多”，后面接形容詞；B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”，后面可跟名詞、代詞和從句；C選項(xiàng)muchlesstodo非固定搭配；D選項(xiàng)stillmore“更加”。句意：這位父親甚至不能約束自己，______給他的孩子做個(gè)好榜樣了。根據(jù)語境，這里指不能約束自己，就更加不能做個(gè)好榜樣了，B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalled“footwearforyuppies”.

TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballandchildren’sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.Theexecutivesalsopointoutthatthroughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhikingboots,dressandcasualshoes,andhigh-performanceathleticfootweartotheirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroupsofcustomers.

Still,despiteisemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfewchangesintheupmarketretailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto$1billionannually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththecompany’sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhasimposedlimitsonthenumberofit:distributors(andthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok’sexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors.Atpresent.ReebokshoesareavailableinaboutfivethousandretailstoresintheUnitedStates.

Reebokhasalreadyanticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethenextfitness-relatedcrave,replacingaerobicsshoesthesamewayasbrightlycoloredsoftleatherexercisefootwearreplacedconventionalrunningshoes.Throughproductdiversificationandcarefulmarketresearch.ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecameacrossseveralyearsago,whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoecrazeandwasfreedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthroughdiscountstores.

1.OnereasonwhyReebok’smanagerialpersonneldon’tliketheirshoestobecalled“footwearforyuppies”isthat（

）.

2.Reebok’sviewthat“consumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution”(Line4,Para.2)impliesthat（

）.

3.Reebokoncehadtolimitthenumberofitsdistributorsbecause（

）.

4.AlthoughtheReebokCompanyhassolvedtheproblemoffulfillingitsorders,it（

）.

5.WhatlessonhasReeboklearnedfromNike’sdistributionproblems?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theybelievethattheirshoesarepopularwithpeopleofdifferentagegroups

B.newproductionlineshavebeenaddedtoproduceinexpensiveshoes

C.“yuppies”usuallyevokesanegativeimage

D.thetermmakespeoplethinkofprohibitiveprices

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thequalityofabrandismeasuredbytheservicequalityofthestoresellingit

B.thequalityofaproductdeterminesthequalityofitsdistributors

C.thepopularityofabrandisdeterminedbythestoresthatsellit

D.consumersbelievethatfirst-rateproductsareonlysoldbyhigh-qualitystores

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itssupplyofproductsfellshortofdemand

B.toomanydistributorswouldcutintoitsprofits

C.thereductionofdistributorscouldincreaseitsshareofthemarket

D.itwantedtoenhanceconsumerconfidenceinitsproducts

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.doesnotwanttofurtherexpanditsretailingnetwork

B.stilllimitsthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores

C.isstillparticularaboutwhosellsitsproducts

D.stillcarefullychoosesthemanufacturersofitsproducts

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanyshouldnotsellishighqualityshoesindiscountstores.

B.Acompanyshouldnotlimititsdistributionnetwork.

C.Acompanyshoulddofollow-upsurveysofitsproducts.

D.Acompanyshouldcorrectlyevaluatetheimpactofanewcraveonthemarket.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干中的“managerialpersonnel”即為第一段的executives，因此可知本題答案在第一段：Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalled“footwearforyuppies”.（Reebok的高管們不喜歡聽到他們的時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋被稱為“雅皮士鞋”），再由下文的TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballandchildren’sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.（他們認(rèn)為Reebok鞋吸引了不同的細(xì)分市場，尤其是現(xiàn)在該公司為18歲以下兒童提供籃球鞋和童鞋，為對(duì)有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)或跑步不感興趣的老年客戶提供步行鞋），更可知其目標(biāo)消費(fèi)是多高層次的，所以A項(xiàng)“他們相信他們的鞋子很受不同年齡段的人的歡迎”正確。B項(xiàng)“增加了新的生產(chǎn)線來生產(chǎn)廉價(jià)的鞋子”，C項(xiàng)“雅皮士”通常會(huì)引起負(fù)面印象，D項(xiàng)“這個(gè)詞使人們想到了令人望而卻步的價(jià)格”，均屬于無中生有。

2.判斷推理題。題干引號(hào)中是說消費(fèi)者通過品牌分銷的質(zhì)量來判斷品牌的質(zhì)量，定位到第二段Reebokshoes,whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththecompany’sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.（銳步鞋的售價(jià)從27美元到85美元不等，按照該公司的觀點(diǎn)，消費(fèi)者通過分銷的質(zhì)量來判斷品牌的質(zhì)量，銳步鞋將繼續(xù)只在更好的專賣店、體育用品店和百貨公司銷售），由此可以推斷只有D項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為，一流的產(chǎn)品只有高質(zhì)量的商店才能銷售”符合主旨大意。A項(xiàng)“一個(gè)品牌的質(zhì)量是由銷售它的商店的服務(wù)質(zhì)量來衡量的”，文中未提及服務(wù)質(zhì)量，B項(xiàng)“產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量決定了分銷商的質(zhì)量”，也是屬于無中生有選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)品牌的知名度是由銷售它的商店決定的”，文中未提及知名度。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中“l(fā)imitthenumberofdistributions”定位到第三段…limitsonthenumberofit:distributors(andthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok’sexceededsupply，（……對(duì)它的數(shù)量進(jìn)行了限制：分銷商（以及向商店供應(yīng)鞋子的數(shù)量），部分是出于必要。有時(shí)，銳步的意外需求超過了供應(yīng)），可知對(duì)批發(fā)商數(shù)量的限制主要是因?yàn)樾枨罅砍龊跻饬系爻^了供應(yīng)能力。所以A項(xiàng)“它的產(chǎn)品供不應(yīng)求”完全符合題意。B項(xiàng)“太多的分銷商會(huì)削減它的利潤”，C項(xiàng)“減少分銷商可以增加其市場份額”，D項(xiàng)“它希望增強(qiáng)消費(fèi)者對(duì)其產(chǎn)品的信心”，在文中均未提及。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors（這些履約問題現(xiàn)在似乎已經(jīng)得到控制，但該公司仍在選擇分銷商）。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)誰銷售其產(chǎn)品仍很挑剔”與文中第三段倒數(shù)第二句相呼應(yīng)，答案即為該句的復(fù)述。A項(xiàng)“不想進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大其零售網(wǎng)絡(luò)”和B項(xiàng)“仍然限制了向商店供應(yīng)鞋子的數(shù)量”，在文中均未體現(xiàn)，D項(xiàng)“仍然謹(jǐn)慎地選擇其產(chǎn)品的制造商”，應(yīng)該是謹(jǐn)慎選擇經(jīng)銷商，故錯(cuò)誤。

5.判斷推理題。依據(jù)題干定位到最后一段ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecameacrossseveralyearsago，whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoescrazeandwasforcedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthroughdiscountstores.（Reebok希望避免幾年前Nike遇到的分銷問題，當(dāng)時(shí)Nike錯(cuò)誤地判斷了健身鞋熱潮的強(qiáng)度，被迫通過折扣店卸載大量的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋庫存），由此可知Nike公司正是由于當(dāng)時(shí)錯(cuò)誤地判斷了健身鞋的流行強(qiáng)度而導(dǎo)致了runningshoes的積壓而不得不打折銷售，這是因市場預(yù)測不準(zhǔn)確所導(dǎo)致的，所以D項(xiàng)“公司應(yīng)該正確地評(píng)估新的需求對(duì)市場的影響”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“一家公司不應(yīng)該在折扣店賣高質(zhì)量的鞋子”，B項(xiàng)“公司不應(yīng)限制其分銷網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，C項(xiàng)“公司應(yīng)該對(duì)其產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行跟蹤調(diào)查”，都是對(duì)文意的曲解。

3.單選題

Ialwayslefthomeforschoolearlierinthemorning______trafficjam.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inlinewith

B.forthesakeof

C.incaseof

D.attheriskof

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)inlinewith“與……一致”；B選項(xiàng)forthesakeof“為了”；C選項(xiàng)incaseof“以防萬一”；D選項(xiàng)attheriskof“冒著……的危險(xiǎn)”。句意：我總是在早上較早離開家去上學(xué)______交通堵塞。根據(jù)語境，這里指早點(diǎn)出門是為了不想堵車，C選項(xiàng)incaseof“以防萬一”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Ataboutthesametime,doctorsbegantounderstand______together.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichwentdirtanddisease

B.whatwentdirtanddisease

C.thatdirtanddiseasewent

D.thatdiddirtanddiseasego

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：大約在同一時(shí)間，醫(yī)生們開始明白污垢和疾病相伴而生。本從句成分完整，不需要用先行詞作從句成分，故先行詞用that，從句時(shí)態(tài)和主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，故用過去式，所以C選項(xiàng)thatdirtanddiseasewent符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

一天中我最喜歡的是最后那段時(shí)刻——至少是醒著的最后那段時(shí)刻。我再三努力不讓眨動(dòng)的眼皮合上，不讓書本掉落在胸前，這時(shí)候我知道真的該入睡了。我深情地把書放在身邊的床上。我們一起入睡——我和我的書，我和書中的人物，我和交雜的夢(mèng)境，都一起入睡。

躺在床上看書似乎成了家傳。上一次母親幫我照看孩子時(shí)，我回到家里發(fā)現(xiàn)整幢房子一片漆黑，只有兩處微弱的燈光。一處在我兒子的房間，我看到八歲的兒子拿著一本書，打著電筒躲在被窩里看書。房子的那頭，母親拿著書已經(jīng)打起盹來。

【答案】Oneofmyfavoritemomentsofthedayisamongthelast—thelastconsciousone,anyway.Afterseveralattemptsatkeepingmyeyelidsfromflutteringclosedandthebookfromcollapsingontomychest,Iknowitreallyistimetogotosleep.Iaffectionatelyplacethebookonthebedbesideme.Wesleeptogether,meandmybook,meandthosecharacters,meandmymixed-updreams.Readinginbedseemstoruninfamilies.Thelasttimemymotherbabysatforme,gothometofindthehousedarkexceptfortwosmalllights.Onecamefrommyson’sroom,whereIdiscoveredtheeight-year-oldholedupunderthecoverswithGoosebumpsandaflashlight.Attheotherendofthehouse,mymotherhadalreadydozedoffwithherbook.

6.單選題

______naturemeansalllivingplantsandanimals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Scientific

B.Animate

C.Good

D.Large

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Scientific“科學(xué)的”；B選項(xiàng)Animate“有生命的”；C選項(xiàng)Good“良好的”；D選項(xiàng)Large“大量的；廣泛的”。句意：______的物種是指所有有生命的動(dòng)植物。根據(jù)語境，B選項(xiàng)Animate“有生命的”比較符合語境，這里是在解釋有生命的物種是什么，符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Shecannotfindherdictionarynow.Ithinkthatshe____itintheclassroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hastoleave

B.musthaveleft

C.left

D.willleave

【答案】C

【解析】考查過去時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：她現(xiàn)在找不到字典了。我想她把它Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE____

教室里了。應(yīng)用過去時(shí)，故只有C符合。

8.單選題

Whilefashionisthoughtofusuallyinrelationtoclothing,itisimportanttorealizethatitcoversamuchwiderdomain.Itistobefoundinmanners,thearts,literature,andphilosophy,andmayevenreachintocertainareasofscience.Infact,itmayoperateinanyfieldofgrouplife,apartfromthetechnologicalandutilitarianareaandtheareaofthesacred.Itsoperationrequiresaclasssociety,forinitsessentialcharacteritdoesnotoccureitherinahomogeneoussocietylikeaprimitivegroup,orinacaste(社會(huì)等級(jí))society.

Fashionbehavesasamovement,andonthisbasisitisdifferentfromcustomwhich,bycomparison,isstatic.Thisisduetothefactthatfashionisbasedfundamentallyondifferentiationandemulation.Inaclasssociety,theupperclassesorso-calledsocialelitearenotabletodifferentiatethemselvesbyfixedsymbolsorbadges.Hencethemoreexternalfeaturesoftheirlifeandbehaviorarelikelytobeimitatedbyclassesimmediatelybelowthem,who,inturn,areimitatedbygroupsimmediatelybelowtheminthesocialstructure.Thisprocessgivestofashionaverticaldescent.However,theeliteclassfindsthatitisnolongerdistinguishable,byreasonoftheimitationmadebyothers,andhenceisledtoadoptnewdifferentiatingcriteria,onlytodisplacetheseastheyinturnareimitated.Itisprimarilythisfeaturethatmakesfashionintoamovementandwhichhasledonewritertoremarkthatafashion,oncelaunched,movestoitsdoom.

Asamovement,fashionshowlittleresemblancetoanyoftheothermovementswhichwehaveconsidered.Whileitoccursspontaneouslyandmovesalonginacharacteristiccycle,itinvolveslittleinthewayofcrowdbehavioranditisnotdependentuponthediscussionprocessandtheresultingpublicopinion.Itdoesnotdependuponthemechanismsofwhichwehavespoken.Theparticipantsarenotrecruitedthroughagitation.Nomoraleisbuiltupamongthem.Nordoesthefashionmovementhave,orrequired,anideology.Further,sinceitdoesnothavealeadershipimpartingconsciousdirectiontothemovement,itdoesnotbuildupasetoftactics.Peopletakepartinthefashionmovementvoluntarilyandinresponsetotheinterestingandpowerfulkindofcontrolwhichfashionimposesonthem.

1.Itisknownfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingpeopleusuallyleadanewfashion?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,afashionmovement________.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatafashionmovement________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fashionoriginatesinaclasssociety

B.fashioncanbefoundonlyinafewfieldsofgrouplife

C.fashionoperatesineverysociety

D.peopleliketokeepupwithfashioninaprimitivesociety

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Philosophers.

B.Artists.

C.Thesocialelite.

D.Writers.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Fashion,asamovement,istrue.

B.Theupperclassesplayalittleroleinmakingfashionintoamovement.

C.Afashionwillnevervanishonceitislaunched.

D.Afashionisdestinedtodisappearonceitislaunched.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.haslittleincommonwithothermovements

B.willeventuallydevelopintoasocialorganization

C.hasapowerfulleadershipguidingit

D.hasasetofsymbolsandvalues

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.functionsinthesamewayasspecificsocialmovements

B.isaformofexpressivebehavior

C.canboostthemoraleofitsparticipants

D.contributesagreatdealtothewayofcrowdbehavior

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Itsoperationrequiresaclasssociety,forinitsessentialcharacteritdoesnotoccureitherinahomogeneoussocietylikeaprimitivegroup,orinacastesociety.（它的運(yùn)作需要一個(gè)階級(jí)社會(huì)，因?yàn)閺谋举|(zhì)上講，它既不發(fā)生在原始群體那樣的同質(zhì)社會(huì)，也不發(fā)生在種姓社會(huì)。），可知A選項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚起源于階級(jí)社會(huì)”正確，B選項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚只存在于群體生活的幾個(gè)領(lǐng)域”和C選項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚存在于每個(gè)社會(huì)”錯(cuò)誤，時(shí)尚也不會(huì)存在于原始社會(huì)，D選項(xiàng)“在原始社會(huì)，人們喜歡趕時(shí)髦”錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句Hencethemoreexternalfeaturesoftheirlifeandbehaviorarelikelytobeimitatedbyclassesimmediatelybelowthem,who,inturn,areimitatedbygroupsimmediatelybelowtheminthesocialstructure.（因此，他們生活和行為的更多外在特征很可能被直接低于他們的階級(jí)所模仿，反過來，這些階級(jí)又被社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)中直接低于他們的群體所模仿。），這里指的是社會(huì)精英，可知社會(huì)精英引領(lǐng)時(shí)尚，C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)精英”正確。A選項(xiàng)“哲學(xué)家”，B選項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)家”和D選項(xiàng)“作家”正確。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Itisprimarilythisfeaturethatmakesfashionintoamovementandwhichhasledonewritertoremarkthatafashion,oncelaunched,movestoitsdoom.（正是這一特點(diǎn)使時(shí)尚成為一種運(yùn)動(dòng)，也正是這一特點(diǎn)使得一位作家評(píng)論道，一種時(shí)尚一旦推出，就注定要滅亡。），可知時(shí)尚會(huì)消亡，也就不是真實(shí)的，D選項(xiàng)“一種時(shí)尚一旦推出就注定要消失”正確，A選項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚是一種真實(shí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)”和C選項(xiàng)“一種時(shí)尚一旦推出就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)消失”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“上層階級(jí)在使時(shí)尚成為運(yùn)動(dòng)中發(fā)揮了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)作用”：上層階級(jí)是推動(dòng)時(shí)尚的主要人群，不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Asamovement,fashionshowlittleresemblancetoanyoftheothermovementswhichwehaveconsidered.（作為一種運(yùn)動(dòng)，時(shí)尚與我們考慮過的其他運(yùn)動(dòng)幾乎沒有相似之處。），所以A選項(xiàng)“與其他運(yùn)動(dòng)沒有什么共同之處”正確。C選項(xiàng)“有一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)”：根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句itdoesnothavealeadershipimpartingconsciousdirectiontothemovement（沒有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)為運(yùn)動(dòng)提供有意識(shí)的方向），可知不符合文章內(nèi)容。B選項(xiàng)“最終會(huì)發(fā)展成一個(gè)社會(huì)組織”和D選項(xiàng)“有一系列符號(hào)和價(jià)值”文章沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Peopletakepartinthefashionmovementvoluntarilyandinresponsetotheinterestingandpowerfulkindofcontrolwhichfashionimposesonthem.（人們自愿參加時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)，是對(duì)時(shí)尚強(qiáng)加給他們有趣而有力控制的一種響應(yīng)。），可知時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)是一種對(duì)時(shí)尚的回應(yīng)，他們通過時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)這種行為表達(dá)了對(duì)時(shí)尚的態(tài)度，B選項(xiàng)“是一種表達(dá)行為”正確。A選項(xiàng)“其功能與特定的社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)相同”：根據(jù)第三段第一句Asamovement,fashionshowlittleresemblancetoanyoftheothermovementswhichwehaveconsidered.（作為一種運(yùn)動(dòng)，時(shí)尚與我們考慮過的其他運(yùn)動(dòng)幾乎沒有相似之處。），可知時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)和其他社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)沒有相同之處。C選項(xiàng)“可以提高參與者的士氣”：根據(jù)第三段第五句Nomoraleisbuiltupamongthem.（他們沒有樹立起士氣。），可知時(shí)尚運(yùn)動(dòng)不能提高士氣。D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)人群行為的方式有很大的貢獻(xiàn)”文章沒有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions

_____

theyaredifferentfromyourown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.evenif

C.unless

D.asthough

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)“直到”；B項(xiàng)“盡管”；C項(xiàng)“除非”；D項(xiàng)“似乎”；句意：允許孩子有發(fā)言的空間，盡管他們的意見和你自己的有所不同。因此選B。

10.翻譯題

要想在這個(gè)高速發(fā)展的社會(huì)立足，你必須學(xué)會(huì)如何處理壓力問題。首先，你要重新定位你的生活需求，你真的需要那些如時(shí)裝或者新車的奢侈品嗎？如果你學(xué)會(huì)了對(duì)現(xiàn)有的生活滿足，你也許就不會(huì)想要再找份工作或者不會(huì)在辦公室度過周末。其次，定期鍛煉身體有益于減壓。不管你多忙，都要找時(shí)間鍛煉，最好是和家人和孩子一起。第三，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)放松。如果你停下去聞聞路邊的玫瑰花香，世界不會(huì)因此而停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

【答案】Youhavetolearnhowtodealwithstressforpossessingafootholdinasocietywithrapiddevelopment.Firstly,youshouldreadjustdemandforlife.Doyoureallyneedluxurygoodssuchasfashionabledressandnewcar?Ifyoulearntobesatisfiedwithcurrentlife,maybeyoudonotwanttogetanotherjoborspendyourweekendsintheoffice.Next,regularexerciseisbeneficialtorelaxingthepressure.Nomatterhowbusyyouare,youshouldtaketimetoexercise,preferablywithyourfamilyandchildren.Thirdly,youshouldlearntorelax.Ifyoustopyoursteptoenjoythesmellofrosesbythesideoftheroad,theworldwon’tstopturning.

11.單選題

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。authored意思為“寫作；編寫”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles（寫了另外11本關(guān)于出售收藏品的書），這里authored搭配books，D選項(xiàng)“寫”比較符合語境，也和authored詞義相近。A選項(xiàng)“是某方面的權(quán)威”，B選項(xiàng)“批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán)”和C選項(xiàng)“放棄權(quán)利”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”（“《垃圾還是寶藏》可以讓你變得富有，”……“這比買彩票好——你不會(huì)因?yàn)閾碛羞@本書而失去什么。”），文章寫的是賣廢品為財(cái)富，運(yùn)用這本書的內(nèi)容會(huì)讓人增加財(cái)富，更不會(huì)因?yàn)檫@本書失去什么，所以B選項(xiàng)“你可能花了很多錢買彩票，卻什么也得不到，但是如果你買這本書，總會(huì)得到些什么”正確。A選項(xiàng)“你可能會(huì)失去一張彩票，但不會(huì)失去這本書”，C選項(xiàng)“可能買彩票你來晚了，但是買這本書不會(huì)晚”和D選項(xiàng)“如果你買彩票，可能不會(huì)像他人一樣優(yōu)秀，但是如果你買這本書，就會(huì)和其他人一樣優(yōu)秀”不符合文章內(nèi)容。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.（這就是為什么海曼博士的書是無價(jià)的：它直接把你帶到1200個(gè)專業(yè)買家面前，而他們正在積極地尋找你的灰塵收集器。），這些專家專門收購垃圾，所以D選項(xiàng)“收集垃圾的東西”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“積灰塵的東西”，B選項(xiàng)“受雇幫助清理垃圾的人”和C選項(xiàng)“被雇傭來清空垃圾箱的人”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.（因?yàn)樗粌H告訴你你擁有什么可能有價(jià)值的東西，還告訴你把它賣給誰，他們?cè)谀睦?，以及如何處理交易。），可知這本書的內(nèi)容有A選項(xiàng)“專業(yè)買家的所在地”，B選項(xiàng)“可能有價(jià)值的東西”和D選項(xiàng)“誰會(huì)買有價(jià)值的收藏品”，C選項(xiàng)“專業(yè)買家什么時(shí)候處理交易”不包含在內(nèi)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。這篇文章介紹了TrashorTreasure這本書，也介紹了這本書的作者和內(nèi)容，而沒有對(duì)這本書的評(píng)價(jià)，所以A選項(xiàng)“書的序言”正確。B選項(xiàng)“書評(píng)”、C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)給的意見”和D選項(xiàng)“廣告”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.翻譯題

Almostallourmajorproblemsinvolvehumanbehavior,andtheycannotbesolvedbyphysicalandbiologicaltechnologyalone.Whatisneededisatechnologyofbehavior,butwehavebeenslowtodevelopthesciencefromwhichsuchatechnologymightbedrawn.(1)Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,human,nature,andsoon.Physicsandbiologyoncefollowedsimilarpracticesandadvancedonlywhentheydiscardedthem.(2)Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.Theenvironmentisobviouslyimportant,butitsrolehasremainedobscure.Itdoesnotpushorpull,itselects,andthisfunctionisdifficulttodiscoverandanalyze.(3)Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.Astheinteractionbetweenorganismandenvironmenthascometobeunderstood,however,effectsonceassignedtostatesofmind,feelings,andtraitsarebeginningtobetracedtoaccessibleconditions,andatechnologyofbehaviormaythereforebecomeavailable.Itwillnotsolveourproblems,however,untilitreplacestraditionalpre-scientificviews,andthesearestronglyentrenched.Freedomanddignityillustratethedifficulty.(4)Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous(self-governing)manoftraditionaltheory,andthey’reessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.Ascientificanalysisshiftsboththeresponsibilityandtheachievementtotheenvironment.Italsoraisesquestionsconcerningvalues.Whowilluseatechnologyandtowhatends?(5)Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.

【答案】1．難題在于所謂的行為科學(xué)幾乎全都依然從心態(tài)、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去尋找行為的根源。

2．行為科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展緩慢，部分原因是用來解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的，部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到。

3．自然選擇在進(jìn)化中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環(huán)境在塑造和保持個(gè)體行為時(shí)的選擇作用則剛剛開始被認(rèn)識(shí)和研究。

4．自由和尊嚴(yán)（它們）是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主的人所擁有的，是要求一個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其業(yè)績而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。

5．（如果）這些問題得不到解決，研究行為的技術(shù)手段就會(huì)繼續(xù)受到排斥，解決問題的唯一方式可能也隨之繼續(xù)受到排斥。

13.單選題

FromherconversationI______thatshehadalargefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimated

B.suspected

C.predicted

D.deduced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)estimated“（對(duì)數(shù)量、成本等的）估計(jì)”；B選項(xiàng)suspected“懷疑；覺得（尤指壞事可能屬實(shí)或發(fā)生）”；C選項(xiàng)predicted“預(yù)言”；D選項(xiàng)deduced“推斷”。句意：從和她的談話中我______她有一個(gè)大家庭。根據(jù)語境，通過談話得出她有一個(gè)大家庭，談話中得出信息和事實(shí)，deduced“推斷”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Hehadbeenillformonths,andweweredisturbedbyhis______complexion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dark

B.sallow

C.fair

D.white

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dark“黑暗的；深色的”；B選項(xiàng)sallow“（人的皮膚或面色）蠟黃色的”；C選項(xiàng)fair“白皙的”；D選項(xiàng)white“白色的”。句意：他病了好幾個(gè)月了，我們?yōu)樗鸰_____而不安。根據(jù)語境，這里指生病許久，身體應(yīng)該是虛弱的，B選項(xiàng)sallow“（人的皮膚或面色）蠟黃色的”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Hisparents______,theorphanisnowtakencareofbythegovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havedied

B.dead

C.dying

D.havingdied

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：因?yàn)樗母改敢呀?jīng)去世，這個(gè)孤兒現(xiàn)在由政府照顧。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)句子中作狀語，非謂語動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動(dòng)用過去分詞。在這里Hisparents主動(dòng)die，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在之前且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，D選項(xiàng)havingdied正確，其余選項(xiàng)語法錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

____youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifrealized

B.HadIrealized

C.DidIhaverealizedthat

D.AsIrealized

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。虛擬條件句的從句部分含有were,should或had時(shí)，可省略if采用倒裝句型，將should(would或could)提前。因此正確答案為B。

17.單選題

Nobodyisabletoexplainthe______ofthiscommonly-usedexpression.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beginning

B.starting-point

C.foundation

D.origin

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)beginning“（事情或過程的）的開始”；B選項(xiàng)starting-point“（討論或過程的）起點(diǎn)；（旅行的)出發(fā)點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)foundation“基礎(chǔ)”；D選項(xiàng)origin“起源”。句意：沒有人能解釋這個(gè)常用表達(dá)的________。根據(jù)語境，這里指沒有人能解釋這個(gè)常用表達(dá)是哪里來的，所以origin“起源”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Thedoctorenjoyedbothhisworkandhislife.Hehadneverfeltany______betweenthesetwothings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conflict

B.constrict

C.construct

D.constraint

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conflict“矛盾心態(tài)；（信念、觀點(diǎn)、利益之間的）沖突”；B選項(xiàng)constrict“約束；收縮”；C選項(xiàng)construct“建造；構(gòu)造”；D選項(xiàng)constraint“限制；約束”。句意：這位醫(yī)生熱愛他的工作和生活。在這兩件事之間，他從未感覺到任何______。根據(jù)語境，同時(shí)熱愛工作和生活，表明這兩者沒有矛盾，conflict“矛盾心態(tài)；（信念、觀點(diǎn)、利益之間的）沖突”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Heisavery______performer:hecansing,dance,andplaythepiano.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.experienced

C.honest

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)good“優(yōu)秀的”；B選項(xiàng)experienced“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”；C選項(xiàng)honest“誠實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的”。句意：他是一個(gè)非常______的表演者：他會(huì)唱歌，跳舞和彈鋼琴。根據(jù)語境，他會(huì)各種才藝，D選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Foxesandfarmershavenevergotonwell.Thesesmalldog-likeanimalshavelongbeenaccusedofkillingfarmanimals.Theyareofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstrytokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.

Farmerscanalsocallontheservicesoftheirlocalhunttocontrolthefoxpopulation.Huntingconsistsofpursuingafoxacrossthecountryside,withagroupofspeciallytraineddogs,followedbymenandwomenridinghorses.Whenthedogseventuallycatchthefoxtheykillitorahuntershootsit.

Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasasport;theywearaspecialuniformofredcoatsandwhitetrousers,andfollowstrictcodesofbehavior.Butowningahorseandhuntingregularlyisexpensive,somosthuntersarewealthy.

Itisestimatedthatupto100,000peoplewatchortakepartinfoxhunting.Butoverthelastcoupleofdecadesthenumberofpeopleopposedtofoxhunting,becausetheythinkitisbrutal(殘酷的),hasrisensharply.Nowadaysitisrareforahunttopassoffwithoutsomekindofconfrontation(沖突)betweenhuntersandhuntsaboteurs(阻攔者).Sometimestheseincidentsleadtoviolence,butmostlysaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersanddisturbingthetrailofthefox’ssmell,whichthedogsfollow.

Noisyconfrontationsbetweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmuchapartofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.Butthisyearsupportersoffoxhuntingfaceamuchbiggerthreattotheirsport.ALabourPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlawwhichwillmakethehuntingofwildanimalswithdogsillegal.Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotectedunderthebaninBritain.

1.RichpeopleinBritainhavebeenhuntingfoxes____________.

2.WhatisspecialaboutfoxhuntinginBritain?

3.Foxhuntingopponentsofteninterfereinthegame____________.

4.AnewlawmaybepassedbytheBritishParliamentto____________.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forrecreationC.tolimitthefoxpopulation

B.C.tolimitthefoxpopulationB.

C.tolimitthefoxpopulationB.intheinterestsofthefarmers

D.toshowofftheirwealth

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itinvolvestheuseofadeadlypoison.

B.Itisacostlyeventwhichrarelyoccurs.

C.Thehuntershavese