書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-七臺河職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Onecommon-sensereason（）childrenlearntospeakisthattheyimitatethosearoundthem.

問題1選項

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.ofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】reason做先行詞,后面一般接why引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句,選項中的ofwhich=why,表示孩子們學(xué)會說話的原因。所以選項D正確。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

人類文明的歷史與人類學(xué)習(xí)如何利用水資源的歷史密不可分。

這些建筑物通常都是傍依懸崖而建的，既為了建設(shè)便利，也為了抵御敵人的侵犯。

西南地區(qū)非常干旱，水源稀少。

他寫作不為名，不圖利，是因為他有一種燃燒的渴望，一種表達快樂的渴望。

Bramley大學(xué)為注冊的國際學(xué)生提供7類獎學(xué)金以幫助他們解決課程的費用問題。

【答案】Thehistoryofhumancivilizationiscloselyrelatedtothehistoryofhuman’slearningofhowtomakeuseofwaterresources.

Thesebuildingswereusuallybuiltagainstcliffs,bothforconvenientconstructionThesouthwesternregionisverydryandthewaterisscarce.

Hewritesneitherforfamenorforprofit,becausehehasastrongdesirewhichcanexpresshishappiness.

TheBramleyUniversityprovidessevenkindsofscholarshipforregisteredinternationalstudents,theaimistohelpthemsolvetheproblemofcoursecost.

3.單選題

Theimportanceofprotectingrainforestsfromhumaninvasionisincreasinglyrealizedbydevelopinganddevelopedcountries（

）.

問題1選項

A.both

B.either

C.alike

D.apart

【答案】C

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。空格所填詞語為副詞，修飾空格前的realized,排除選項B;其余三個選項做副詞的意思分別為A選項both“兩者皆，又”，但做副詞時一般不在句末；B選項either做副詞表示“也，而且”，C選項alike“同樣地，兩者都”；D選項apart“相距，分離”，本句句意應(yīng)是‘發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家同樣都越來越意識到保護熱帶雨林不受人類行為影響的重要性。’強調(diào)兩種類型的國家都…，C選項正確。

4.單選題

Thelanguageexpertsbelievethatthe（

）ageforlearningaforeignlanguageis6yearsold.

問題1選項

A.conceptual

B.considerate

C.optimal

D.component

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:語言專家相信學(xué)一門外語最佳的年齡是6歲。

conceptual概念上的。considerate體貼的；體諒的；考慮周到的optimal最佳的；最理想的。component組成的，構(gòu)成。

5.單選題

Thebeliefthatthemindplaysanimportantroleinphysicalillnessgoesbacktotheearliestdaysofmedicine.FromthetimeoftheancientGreekstothebeginningofthe20thcentury,itwasgenerallyacceptedbybothphysicianandpatientthatthemindcanaffectthecourseofillness,anditseemednaturaltoapplythisconceptinmedicaltreatmentsofdisease.Afterthediscoveryofantibiotics,anewassumptionarosethattreatmentofinfectiousorinflammatorydiseaserequiresonlytheeliminationoftheforeignorganismoragentthattriggerstheillness.Intherushtodiscoverantibioticsanddrugsthatcurespecificinfectionsanddiseases,thefactthatthebody’sownresponsescaninfluencesusceptibilitytodiseaseand-itscoursewaslargelyignoredbymedicalresearchers.

Itisironicthatresearchintoinfectiousandinflammatorydiseasefirstled20th-centurymedicinetorejecttheideathatthemindinfluencesphysicalillness,andnowresearchinthesamefield—includingtheworkofourlaboratoriesandofourcollaboratorsattheNationalInstitutesofHealth一isprovingthecontrary.Newmolecularandpharmacologicaltoolshavemadeitpossibleforustoidentifytheintricatenetworkthatexistsbetweentheimmunesystemandthebrain，anetworkthatallowsthetwosystemstosignaleachothercontinuouslyandrapidly.Chemicalsproducedbyimmunecellssignalthebrain,andthebraininturnsendschemicalsignalstorestraintheimmunesystem.Thesesamechemicalsignalsalsoaffectbehaviorandtheresponsetostress.Disruptionofthiscommunicationnetworkinanyway,whetherinheritedorthroughdrugs,toxicsubstancesorsurgery,exacerbatesthediseasesthatthesesystemsguardagainst:infectious,inflammatory,autoimmune,andassociatedmooddisorders.

Theclinicalsignificanceofthesefindingsislikelytoproveprofound.Theyholdthepromiseofextendingtherangeoftherapeutictreatmentsavailableforvariousdisorders,asdrugspreviouslyknowntoworkprimarilyfornervoussystemproblemsareshowntobeeffectiveagainstimmunemaladies,andviceversa.Theyalsohelptosubstantiatethepopularlyheldimpression(stilldiscountedinsomemedicalcircles)thatourstateofmindcaninfluencehowwellweresistorrecoverfrominfectiousorinflammatorydiseases.

Thebrain’sstressresponsesystemisactivatedinthreateningsituations.Theimmunesystemrespondsautomaticallytopathogensandforeignmolecules.Thesetworesponsesystemsarethebody’sprincipalmeansformaintaininganinternalsteadystatecalledhomeostasis.Asubstantialproportionofhumancellularmachineryisdedicatedtomaintainingit.

Whenhomeostasisisdisturbedorthreatened,arepertoireofmolecular,cellularandbehavioralresponsescomesintoplay.Theseresponsesattempttocounteractthedisturbingforcesinordertoreestablishasteadystate.Theycanbespecifictotheforeigninvaderoraparticularstress,ortheycanbegeneralizedandnonspecificwhenthethreattohomeostasisexceedsacertainthreshold.Theadaptiveresponsemaythemselvesturnintostressorscapableofproducingdisease.Wearejustbeginningtounderstandtheinterdependenceofthebrainandtheimmunesystem,howtheyhelptoregulateandcounter-regulateeachotherandhowtheythemselvescanmalfunctionandproducedisease.

1.Thepassagesuppliesinformationtosuggestthat（）

2.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemind-bodyinteractionindisease?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutclinicalsignificanceofthenewfindingscanbebest

supportedbythepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.Accordingtothepassage,inordertomaintainaninternalsteadystatecalledhomeostasis,（

）.

問題1選項

A.ithasalwaysbeenthebeliefofbothphysicianandpatientthatone’sstateofmindcanaffectphysicaldisease

B.thepopularbeliefthatstressexacerbatesinflammatoryillnesshasalwaysbeendiscreditedbythedoctors

C.thediscoveryofantibioticsshedslightonpeople’sunderstandingofthemind-bodyinteractionindisease

D.thereisanewunderstandingofthecommunicationbetweenthebrainandimmunesystem

問題2選項

A.Thebrainandimmunesystemssendsignalstoeachother.

B.Theimmuneandcentralnervoussystemsareorganizedinverydifferentwaystoaffectthecourseofillness.

C.Disruptionofthecommunicationofthebrainandimmunesystemcancurecertaindisease.

D.Theimmunesystemandthebrainsharealotofhormonestofacilitatetheircommunication.

問題3選項

A.Theresponsivenesstostressisgeneticallydetermined.

B.Thetreatmentofimmunemaladiescanbeconsciouslycontrolled.

C.Psychoactivedrugsmayinsomecasesbeusedtotreatinflammatorydiseases.

D.Socialinteractionscanlessenpsychologicalstressandalterimmuneresponses.

問題4選項

A.Takingthecureatamountainsanatoriumdoesn’tworkforthetreatmentformanychronicdiseases.

B.Therelaxingeffectsofhot-springsspacanhelprestorethecommunicationbetweenthebrainandimmunesystem.

C.Thedisruptionofthebrain’sstressresponsereducesthebody’sresponse.

D.Depressionisalsoassociatedwithinflammatorydisease.

問題5選項

A.sometimesthestressresponseneedstogototheextreme

B.thestressresponsehastobartheforeignpathogensfromthebody

C.boththestressandimmuneresponsesneedtoberegulated

D.theimmunesystempromotesphysiologicalandbehavioralchanges

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。題干：這篇文章提供的信息表明了_____。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句“Wearejustbeginningtounderstandtheinterdependenceofthebrainandtheimmunesystem,howtheyhelptoregulateandcounter-regulateeachotherandhowtheythemselvescanmalfunctionandproducedisease”可知，我們才剛剛開始了解大腦和免疫系統(tǒng)之間的相互依賴關(guān)系，它們是如何幫助彼此調(diào)節(jié)和反調(diào)節(jié)的，以及它們自身是如何失靈和產(chǎn)生疾病的。由此可知人們對大腦和免疫系統(tǒng)之間的關(guān)系有了新的認(rèn)識。因此D選項符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下列哪一項最能說明疾病中的身心互動？Themind-bodyinteraction對應(yīng)文章第二段的theimmunesystemandthebrain，文中提到“anetworkthatallowsthetwosystemstosignaleachothercontinuouslyandrapidly”，可知A選項符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：關(guān)于新發(fā)現(xiàn)的臨床意義，下列哪一項陳述能最好地得到這篇文章的支持？文章第三段第一句提到“signigicance”,后句中“…extendingtherangeoftherapeutictreatmentsavailableforvariousdisorders,asdrugspreviouslyknowntoworkprimarilyfornervoussystemproblemsareshowntobeeffectiveagainstimmunemaladies...”正好對應(yīng)C選項內(nèi)容。因此C選項符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：從文章中可以推斷出下列哪個陳述？A和B選項與本文無關(guān)。第二段提到“Thesesamechemicalsignalsalsoaffectbehaviorandtheresponsetostress”，說明有影響，但C選項中的reduce并不能體現(xiàn)。第二段最后一句“Disruptionofthiscommunicationnetwork…exacerbatesthediseasesthatthesesystemsguardagainst:infectious,inflammatory,autoimmune,andassociatedmooddisorders”正說明精神狀況對于疾病的影響，因此D選項符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，為了保持一種叫做內(nèi)穩(wěn)態(tài)的內(nèi)部穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)______。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第四段第三句，根據(jù)第五段中“Theseresponsesattempttocounteractthedisturbingforcesinordertoreestablishasteadystate”可知為了維持人體內(nèi)部的平衡，應(yīng)激反應(yīng)必須將外來病原體從體內(nèi)消除。因此B選項符合題意。

6.單選題

Thegovernmentclaimedthatitwasaccidental，butthehollowand(

)excusecouldnotconvincethepublic.

問題1選項

A.feeble

B.deliberate

C.fluent

D.delicate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。feeble“牽強的；不太可信的”；deliberate“深思熟慮的；故意的”；fluent“流暢的，流利的”；delicate“精美的；易碎的”。句意：政府聲稱那是意外，但是空洞而又牽強的借口無法說服公眾。選項A符合題意。

7.單選題

Noonewouldhavetimetoreadorlistentoanaccountofeverything_____goingonintheworld.

問題1選項

A.itis

B.thereis

C.asis

D.whatis

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知everything為定語從句的先行詞，everything后面所接部分是修飾everything的定語從句；thereis結(jié)構(gòu)作“目前有的”解時，可引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，置于被修飾的名詞后面，作該從句主語的關(guān)系代詞that常常省略。

8.單選題

Afterthefiercequarrel,theybegantohavea（

）loathingforeachother.

問題1選項

A.boring

B.reciprocal

C.friendly

D.standing

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。boring“無聊的；令人厭煩的”；reciprocal“互惠的；相互的”；friendly“友好的；親切的”；standing“長期存在的”。句意：在那次激烈的爭吵后，他們開始相互厭惡。選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

Tobe（）withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.

問題1選項

A.candid

B.pertinent

C.mild

D.vivid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項candid“坦白的”；B選項pertinent“相關(guān)的”；C選項mild“溫和的”；D選項vivid“生動的”。句意：坦率地說，我認(rèn)為你拒絕合作是犯了一個可怕的錯誤。本句表示坦白說。因此A選項正確。

10.單選題

Onceapictureisprovedtobeaforgery,itbecomesquite______.

問題1選項

A.invaluable

B.priceless

C.unworthy

D.worthless

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。invaluable“無價的”；priceless“無價的”；unworthy“不值得的”；worthless“不值錢的”。句意：一旦一幅畫被證明是偽造的，它就變得十分……。因此D選項符合題意。

11.單選題

Thesurveyfound80percentofviewerswere（）bytheviolentscenesinthefilm.

問題1選項

A.eliminated

B.alerted

C.offended

D.discouraged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項eliminated“被淘汰，消除”；B選項alerted“使警覺，警告”；C選項offended“冒犯，生氣”；D選項discouraged“使……灰心”。句意：調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的觀眾對影片中的暴力鏡頭感到（）。這里表達的含義是“對暴力鏡頭感到被冒犯（反感）”。因此C選項符合題意。

12.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversiononAnswerSheet.(10%)

Likethepopulationexplosion,thescientificandtechnologicalrevolutionbegantopickupspeedslowlyduringtheeighteenthcentury.Andthisongoingrevolutionhasalsosuddenlyacceleratedexponentially.Forexample,itisnowanaxiominmanyfieldsofsciencethatmorenewandimportantdiscoverieshavetakenplaceinthelasttenyearsthanintheentireprevioushistoryofscience.Whilenosinglediscoveryhashadthekindofeffectonourrelationshiptotheearththatnuclearweaponshavehadonourrelationshiptowarfare,itisneverthelesstruethattakentogether,theyhavecompletelytransformedourcumulativeabilitytoexploittheearthforsustenance—makingtheconsequencesofunrestrainedexploitationeverybitasunthinkableastheconsequencesofunrestrainednuclearwar.

【答案】和人口爆炸一樣，科技革命在十八世紀(jì)開始慢慢加速。之后這場正在進行的革命也突然呈指數(shù)地加速。例如，在過去十年中發(fā)生的重大新發(fā)現(xiàn)比以往整個科學(xué)史上的發(fā)現(xiàn)都要多，這已成為許多科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的一個公理。雖然沒有任何一項發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生了像核武器對我們與戰(zhàn)爭的關(guān)系所產(chǎn)生的影響一樣，對我們與地球的關(guān)系產(chǎn)生了如此大的影響，但總的來說，它們完全改變了我們?yōu)榫S持生存而不斷積累的開采地球的能力，這使得無節(jié)制開采的后果與無節(jié)制的核戰(zhàn)爭的后果一樣難以想象。

13.單選題

Frank（）allhisstrength,pushedpasttheplayersblockinghim,andranforatouchdown.

問題1選項

A.calledon

B.calleddown

C.calledup

D.calledfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。callon“拜訪；號召”；calldown“引起；責(zé)罵”；callup“給……打電話；調(diào)用”；callfor“去接（某人）；去?。澄铮?。句意：弗蘭克用盡全力推開阻礙者，越線得分。選項C符合題意。

14.問答題

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】試題答案：C；that

【解析】考查名詞性從句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表語從句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

15.單選題

JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit____inareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.

問題1選項

A.istobeanalyzed

B.hasbeenanalyzed

C.beanalyzed

D.shouldhavebeenanalyzed

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.istobeanalyzed分析B.hasbeenanalyzed分析

C.beanalyzed分析D.shouldhavebeenanalyzed分析

【答案】C

【考查點】虛擬語氣

【解題思路】本題考查的是should類虛擬語氣。當(dāng)should用于命令、請求、建議、決定等詞后面的賓語從句、表語從句或同位語從句中時，從句使用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。在本題中，hisinsistencethatit____inareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference，此處hisinsistence“他的堅持”屬于建議或決定類詞語，空格處所在部分為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)使用“should+動詞原形”的形式，should可以省略。根據(jù)句意這些詩歌是被分析的對象，所以應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)，因此，C選項beanalyzed符合題意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合原句語法要求。

【句意】JeanWagner對美國非裔詩人的詩歌做出的影響最大的貢獻是——他堅持在宗教以及世俗的框架中分析這些詩歌。

16.單選題

Experimentssuggestthatseasonofbirthdramaticallyaffectsthespeedthebodyclockticks.

問題1選項

A.atwhich

B.forwhich

C.onwhich

D.inwhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法知識。介詞+which引導(dǎo)定語從句時，介詞要與先行詞搭配。題干中先行詞是thespeed，只有at可以搭配。句意：實驗表明，出生的季節(jié)會極大地影響生物鐘的運轉(zhuǎn)速度。因此選項A符合題意。

17.單選題

Successfulpoliticiansaregoodatgiving______answerstoquestionsondifficultissues.

問題1選項

A.definitive

B.ubiquitous

C.ambiguous

D.ineffable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項definitive“最后的；最佳的；最權(quán)威的”；B選項ubiquitous“普遍存在的；無所不在的”；C選項ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；D選項ineffable“不可言喻的；不應(yīng)說出的；難以形容的”。句意：成功的政治家善于對棘手問題給出______答案。政治家的重要職能便是處理爭端和分配利益，所以他們的回答不能太過絕對化，此處填“模棱兩可的”更符合句意，所以C選項正確。

18.單選題

Webeganwithanexperiment.Themanaskedmetomakeadrawingonablankpieceofpaper.ImadeasketchofacreatureIhadinventedsometimeagotoamusemychildren.WhenIhadfinished,heaskedmetocoverthedrawingwithmyhand.ThenheaskedmetoconcentratehardandtotrytotransmitthethoughtofwhatIhadsketchedAminutewentbywithnoresult.Heshookhishead,"itseemsverycomplicated:isitakindofamoeba?"Slowlyandhesitantlyhebegantodrawthecreature’srightear-thespotwhereI’vealwaysbeginthedrawing.“you’vegotit.”Isaid."Goon!"Hecompletedthedrawingquickly.IhadcarefullyredrawnthepictureinmymindasItriedtotransmitit—whichprobablyaccountsfortheidenticalstartingpoint.

Themanthendemonstratedotherpower.Hemadethehandsofmywatchturnbacktwohoursandthedategoforwardtwodaysbystrokingacoinplacedoveritsface,explainingafterwardthathederivespowerfrommetal.Hehadalittletroubletryingtobreakmycarkey.However,heplaceditagainstametalradiator,andafterafewseconds,said,46Itisstartingtogo.Thekeysnappedintwo.

Thenhetriedtotransmitapicturetomebytelepathy.Iattemptedtomakemymindreceptive,butnoimagecameintoit.Feelingratherembarrassed,Ijustdrewthefirstthingthatcameintomyhead:checkmark.Themanshowedmethepieceofpaperhewasholding.ItcontainedamirrorimageofthesymbolIhaddrawn.Itcouldbesignificantinthisconnectionthatthemanisleft-handed.

AfterIlefttheroom,Ibegantosiftmyimpressions.Onlythedaybefore,anacquaintancehadwarnedmetowatchcarefullyforsleight-of-handtricks,especiallyasthemanhadearlierbeenastageconjuror.Ihadtoadmitthatmostofthethingshaddonecouldhavebeentricks.Forinstance,snappingthekeyswithhisfingersandalteringthehandsanddateonmywatchwiththewinderwouldhavebeenwellwithintheabilityofaskilledconjuror.ButhowcouldhehavefakedthedrawingofwhatIhaddrawn?Andifthatfeatwasduetogenuinetelepathicpower,theotherdemonstrationscouldalsobegenuine.

1.Inline11,“derives”mostnearlymeans（

）.

2.Itbeinferredfromline19-25thatthetelepathist’sdemonstrationswouldappearmostconvincingtoacriticalobserverifthetelepathistwereto

（

）.

3.The“acquaintance”mentionedinline19canbestbedescribedasa

（

）.

4.Whichphrasebestcharacterizestheauthor’sgeneralattitudeinthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Obtains

B.infers

C.connects

D.traces

問題2選項

A.providemoreinformationabouthisbackground

B.critiquetheperformancesofothertelepathist

C.performinarigorouslycontrolledenvironment

D.talkaboutwhatheisdoingasheperforms

問題3選項

A.skeptic

B.hypocrite

C.hoaxer

D.confidant

問題4選項

A.Completeindifferent

B.righteousindignation

C.Cynicalamusement

D.guardedacceptance

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在第二段第二句Hemadethehandsofmywatchturnbacktwohoursandthedategoforwardtwodaysbystrokingacoinplacedoveritsface,explainingafterwardthathederivespowerfrommetal（通過撫摸放在臉上的硬幣，他把我的手表指針調(diào)慢了兩個小時，日期也調(diào)回到了兩天前，他解釋說這是為了從金屬那里……力量）?？梢酝茰y“他解釋這種力量是從金屬那里得到的”，derive在這里是“獲得，得到”的意思。選項A符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到作者對于心靈感應(yīng)者其他一些手段他能夠識破，比如snappingthekeyswithhisfingersandalteringthehandsanddateonmywatchwiththewinderwouldhavebeenwellwithintheabilityofaskilledconjuror，但是作者對如何偽造畫這一過程不明白，因為這是他重構(gòu)的畫（buthowcouldhehavefakedthedrawingofwhatIhaddrawn?），這件事也是作者正在做的一件事。因此可以推測，如果當(dāng)表演的時候，談?wù)摰氖钦谧龅氖虑?，那么心靈感應(yīng)者的表演會更有說服力。選項D符合題意。

3.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段第二句話Onlythedaybefore,anacquaintancehadwarnedmetowatchcarefullyforsleight-of-handtricks,especiallyasthemanhadearlierbeenastageconjuror（就在前兩天，我的一個……還警告我要小心戲法，特別是當(dāng)那個人以前是個舞臺魔術(shù)師的時候。）警告者要作者當(dāng)心舞臺上的一些小把戲，證明他對魔術(shù)師的花招比較了解。選項A符合題意，這個警告者是一個懷疑者。

4.作者在最后一段提到他承認(rèn)很多舞臺上的表演其實是戲法，但是作者對如何偽造畫這一過程不明白，因為這是他重構(gòu)的畫（buthowcouldhehavefakedthedrawingofwhatIhaddrawn?）。證明作者對有些部分還是有疑問的。所以選項D“有保留的接受”符合題意。

19.單選題

Nervousaboutflyinginplanes,（）.

問題1選項

A.thirtyyearsagopeopleknewnothingofspacetravel

B.peopleknewnothingofspacetravelthirtyyearsago

C.spacetravelwasunknownbypeoplethirtyyearsago

D.becausepeopleknewnothingofspacethirtyyearsago

【答案】B

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。A選項時間狀語要放在句尾，跟前面句型保持一致；B選項正確，前面說的是nervous，也就是人們擔(dān)心，因此后面也必須先出現(xiàn)人們；C選項主謂不一致，可排除；D選項缺少成分。句意：坐飛機感到緊張……。因此答案為B選項。

20.翻譯題

Springdisplaysthenoisy,oftenshallowmoodsofadolescence.Autumnmoodsarethoseofmaturity,deeperandmoreintense.Agravemist-softenedmorningofreflectionisfollowedwithinhoursbyaValkyrieworldofscreamingtwilightwhenelementalwindstearwitheredleavesfrombranches,rockandstriptheshiveringforestandraiserollingmountainsondarkseas.Thewindpassesandthebillowingcloudscondenseintorain,whichfallswithquietpersistence,fillingthehardened,cart-rutsincountrylanes,floodingstreamsoversoddenmeadowsandemulsifyingthefallenleaves.Bluepatcheswidenbetweenthesun-lined,cloudsandsoontheglossybaretwigsarebrilliantinrain-washedsunshine.

【答案】【參考譯文】春天散布著嘈雜、淺淡的少年心情，秋天的心境是成熟、深沉而更為強烈的。一個靜穆的輕霧繚繞的早晨，幾小時之內(nèi)便會被疾風(fēng)驟雨的世界所取代，強勁的風(fēng)吹打著枯枝敗葉，震顫著瑟瑟的森林，并使綿亙的山巒在黑色的海面上顯露出來。風(fēng)平浪靜之后，驚濤駭浪般奔涌的云凝結(jié)成雨，安靜而耐心地落下，濕潤著鄉(xiāng)間小徑干硬的車轍，注滿了流經(jīng)草地的小溪，并促使地上的落葉化作泥土。鑲著金邊的云朵之間，藍(lán)天漸漸開闊，光禿禿的樹枝在雨后初晴的陽光中垂掛著晶瑩的水滴。

21.單選題

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

問題1選項

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

問題2選項

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

問題3選項

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

問題4選項

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamea