書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-延邊大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Onthestagemanypiecesofbluesilkwerefluctuatedto（

）theseawaves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.simulate

C.help

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。simplify“簡(jiǎn)化”；simulate“模仿；假裝”；help“幫助”；like“喜歡”。句意：舞臺(tái)上用了很多上下飄動(dòng)的藍(lán)色絲綢來(lái)模仿海浪。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（

）themselves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張，使膨脹”；B選項(xiàng)stretch“伸展，張開”；C選項(xiàng)prolong“延長(zhǎng)，拖延（延長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）”；D選項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大，推廣，伸出”。stretchoneself固定搭配的意思是“伸懶腰，伸展身體”，句意為：做完早上的工作后，職員們從桌子后面站起來(lái)，伸展伸展身體。故正確答案選B。

3.單選題

Thespokesmantalkedaboutthecauseoftheaccident,butthemediadidn’tseemtobuyit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirm

B.exaggerate

C.accept

D.purchase

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.confirm證實(shí)B.exaggerate夸大

C.accept接受；相信D.purchase購(gòu)買

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析與熟詞僻義

【解題思路】buy最常見(jiàn)的意義是“購(gòu)買”，但原句的主語(yǔ)是媒體，賓語(yǔ)是發(fā)言人對(duì)事故原因的解釋，“購(gòu)買”不符合該語(yǔ)境。Buy還有一個(gè)意義是“相信”，這個(gè)意義更符合語(yǔ)境，C選項(xiàng)accept“接受”，在表達(dá)接受某個(gè)觀念時(shí)，譯為“相信”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)confirm“證實(shí)”，沒(méi)有依據(jù)；

B選項(xiàng)exaggerate“夸大”，沒(méi)有依據(jù)；

D選項(xiàng)purchase“購(gòu)買”，雖符合基本義，但不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】發(fā)言人談到了事故的原因，但媒體似乎并不買賬。

4.單選題

Toreducethefinancialpressurefacingthecompany,itsmanagementhasdecidedon（）expenditurecuts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.modest

B.sweeping

C.tangible

D.considerate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。modest謙虛的；sweeping大規(guī)模的；tangible有形的，切實(shí)的；considerate體貼的，大量的。由前半句的financialpressure可知公司會(huì)削減開支。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。句意：為了減小公司面臨的財(cái)務(wù)壓力,其管理層決定大規(guī)模地削減開支。

5.單選題

Thepolicedetectiveputtogetherthepiecesofevidencetoformone（

）account.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitive

B.genuine

C.expressive

D.coherent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的；感覺(jué)的”；genuine“真實(shí)的；真正的”；expressive“表現(xiàn)的；有表現(xiàn)力的”；coherent“連貫的；清晰的；一致的”。句意：這位警探將這些證據(jù)拼湊在一起形成一份連貫的報(bào)告。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Thehistoryofmodernpollutionproblemsshowsthatmosthaveresultedfromnegligenceandignorance.Wehaveashockingtendencytointerferewithnaturebeforeallofthepossibleconsequencesofouractionshavebeenstudiedindepth.Weproduceanddistributeradioactivesubstances,syntheticchemicals,andmanyofotherpowerfulcompoundsbeforefullycomprehendingtheireffectsonlivingorganisms.Oureducationisdangerouslyincomplete.

Itwillbearguedthatthepurposeofscienceistomoveintounknownterritory,toexplore,andtodiscover.Itcanbesaidthatsimilarriskshavebeentakenbefore,andthoserisksarenecessarytotechnologicalprogress.

Theseargumentsoverlookanimportantelement.Inthepast,riskstakeninthenameofscientificprogresswererestrictedtoasmallplaceandabriefperiodoftime.TheeffectsoftheprocesseswenowstrivetomasterareneitherIdealizednorbrief.Airpollutioncoversvasturbanareas.Oceanpollutantshavebeendiscoveredinnearlyeverypartoftheworld.Syntheticchemicalsspreadoverhugestretchesofforestandfarmlandmayremaininthesoilfordecades.Radioactivepollutantswillbefoundinthebiosphereforgenerations.Thesizeandpersistenceoftheseproblemshavegrownwiththeexpandingpowerofmodernscience.

Onemightalsoarguethatthehazardsofmodernpollutantsaresmallcomparedwiththedangersassociatedwithotherhumanactivity.Noestimateoftheactualharmdonebysmog,fallout,orchemicalresiduescanobscuretherealitythattherisksarebeingtakenbeforebeingfullyunderstood.

Theimportanceoftheseissuesliesinthefailureofsciencetopredictandcontrolhumaninterventionintonaturalprocesses.Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,themajorcauseofpollutionistheresultof（

）

.

2.Accordingtothepassage,therisksbroughtaboutbymodernsciencearegreaterthanthosebyearlierscientificeffortsbecause（

）.

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,thekeytothesettlementofthemodernpollutionliesin（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredthattheattitudeofscientiststowardspollutionhasbeen（

）

.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.astrongdesiretomoveintounknownterritory

B.alackofunderstandingthehistoryoftechnology

C.designingsyntheticchemicalstokilllivingorganisms

D.changingourenvironmentwithoutfullyconsideringrisks

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theeffectsmaybefeltbymorepeopleforalongertime

B.technologyhasproducedmoredangerouschemicals

C.scienceisprogressingfasterthaneverbefore

D.themodernpollutantshavebeenlocalized

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theexpansionofmodernscience

B.thedisposalofpotentialpollutants

C.theawarenessofourresponsibility

D.thehumaninterferencewithnature

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.naive

B.concerned

C.worried

D.nonchalant

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的一二句可知,現(xiàn)代污染問(wèn)題的歷史表明,大多數(shù)是由于疏忽和無(wú)知造成的。我們有一種令人震驚的傾向,即在深入研究我們的行為可能產(chǎn)生的后果之前就干預(yù)自然。也就是說(shuō),在沒(méi)有充分考慮風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的情況下就改變環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三的內(nèi)容可知,在過(guò)去,以科學(xué)進(jìn)步的名義所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)被限制在一個(gè)小地方和處于短期時(shí)間內(nèi)。我們現(xiàn)在努力掌握的工序的效果既不理想,也不會(huì)是短暫的。隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)力量的不斷擴(kuò)大,這些（污染）問(wèn)題的規(guī)模和持久性也在不斷擴(kuò)大。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.”如果我們進(jìn)入技術(shù)的新時(shí)代而不首先評(píng)估我們對(duì)環(huán)境的責(zé)任,我們將遇到真正的危險(xiǎn)。所以說(shuō),解決現(xiàn)代污染的關(guān)鍵在于我們的責(zé)任感。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.雖然文中并沒(méi)有提及科學(xué)家們,但文章在第三段和第五段提及,現(xiàn)代科學(xué)進(jìn)步,污染問(wèn)題卻越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,說(shuō)明科學(xué)家們沒(méi)有引起足夠的重視,所以他們的態(tài)度是冷漠的,漠不關(guān)心的。選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.問(wèn)答題

Manyoftoday'syoungpeoplehaveadifficulttimeseeinganymoraldimensiontotheiractions.Thereareanumberofreasonswhythat'strue,butnonemoreprominentthanafailedsystemofeducationthateschewsteachingchildrenthetraditionalmoralvaluesthatbindAmericanstogetherasasocietyandaculture.Thatfailedapproach,called"decision-making",wasintroducedinschools25yearsago.Ittellschildrentodecideforthemselveswhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Itreplaced"charactereducation".Charactereducationdidn'taskchildrentoreinventthemoralwheel;instead,itencouragedthemtopracticehabitsofcourage,justiceandself-control.

Inthe1940s,whenacharactereducationapproachprevailed,teachersworriedaboutstudentschewinggum;todaytheyworryaboutrobberyandrape.Decision-makingcurriculumsposethornyethicaldilemmastostudents,leavingthemwiththeimpressionthatallmoralityisproblematicandthatallquestionsofrightandwrongareindispute.Youngstersareforcedtoquestionvaluesandvirtuesthey'veneveracquiredinthefirstplaceoruponwhichtheyhaveonlyatenuoushold.Theassumptionbehindthismethodisthatstudentswillarriveatgoodmoralconclusionsifonlytheyaregiventhechance.Buttheactualresultismoralconfusion.

Forexample,arecentnationalstudyof1,700sixth-toninth-gradersrevealedthatamajorityofboysconsideredrapetobeacceptableundercertainconditions.Astoundingly,manyofthegirlsagreed.

Thiskindofmoralilliteracyisfurtherencouragedbyvalues-educationprogramsthatarelittlemorethancoursesinself-esteem.Theseprogramsarebasedonthequestionableassumptionthatachildwhofeelsgoodabouthimselforherselfwon'twanttodoanythingwrong.Butitisjustasreasonabletomakeanoppositeassumption:namely,thatachildwhohasuncriticalself-regardwillconcludethatheorshecan'tdoanythingbad.

Suchnaiveself-acceptanceresultsinlargepartfromthenon-directive,non-judgmentalas-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choicesmentalitythathaspervadedpubliceducationforthelasttwoandone-halfdecades.Manyoftoday'sdrugeducation,sexeducationandvalues-educationcoursesarebasedonthesame1960sphilosophythathelpedfueltheexplosioninteendruguseandsexualactivityinthefirstplace.

Meanwhile,whileeducatorsarestillfiddlingwithoutdated"feel-good"approaches,NewYork,Washington,andLosAngelesareburning.Youngstersareleavingschoolbelievingthatmattersofrightandwrongarealwaysmerelysubjective.Ifyoupassastrangeronthestreetanddecidetomurderhimbecauseyouneedmoney一ifitfeelsright一yougowiththatfeeling.Clearly,murderisnottaughtinourschools,butsuchaconclusion―justaboutanyconclusion—canbereachedandjustifiedusingthedecision-makingmethod.

Itistimetoconsignthefadsof"decision-making"and"non-judgmentalism"totheashheapoffailedpolicies,andreturntoaprovedmethod.Charactereducationprovidesamuchmorerealisticapproachtomoralformation.Itisbuiltonanunderstandingthatwelearnmoralitynotbydebatingitbutbypracticingit.

【答案】InhisessayChildrenMustBeTaughttoTellRightfromWrong",WilliamKilpatrickarguesthatthe"decision-making"approachtothemoraleducationofAmericanyouth,whichreplaced"charactereducation"25yearsago,haspreventedjuvenilesfrombehavingandthinkinginaccordancewiththetraditionalmoralprinciplesthatarefundamentaltoAmericansociety.

AccordingtoKilpatrick,decision-makingmethodsinstillinstudentsawrongbeliefthatallnormsofmoralityaresubjectiveconstructswithonlyrelativetruthinthemandthereforecanbeinterpretedflexiblyandevenquestioned.Thisbeliefdeprivesthemofthechancetosecuresolidmoralstandardsandcausesmisconceptionsaboutwhatshouldbeclearlyrightorwrong.

Inparallelwiththisinadequacyofthe"decision-making"approacharetheunexpectedoutcomesofthosevalues-educationprogramsfocusingonstudents,self-esteemthatsupportsthe"non-judgmental"mindsetdominating"decision-making"curriculums.Theirmistakenassumptionthatfeelinggoodwarrantsmoralityexcusesstudentsfromcriticizinganddiscipliningtheirownbehaviors.

Basinghisconclusiononhisanalysisofthefundamentalflawsofthedecision-makingapproach,Kilpatrickfinallyproposesanimmediateshiftbacktocharactereducationwhichhebelievesteachesmoralitymoreeffectivelybyemphasizingpracticeinsteadofdiscussion.

8.單選題

“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion.amuses'shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples—notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)-hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters.WhilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant"Muses'shrine".

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold—enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,midlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation;andsocouldbeconsideredMuses’shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly“inspirational”collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary??modem”workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtooloff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-1nselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKtmsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Theideathatmuseumcouldmeanamountainoranobjectoriginatesfrom

（

）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat

（

）.

4.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

5.Modernmuseumscomeintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

6.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improveexistingcollections

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Collectionandcollectors

B.Theevolutionofmuseums

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的。再根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可以推測(cè)，這里是指它的意思多年來(lái)已經(jīng)改變了。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語(yǔ)中)獻(xiàn)給繆斯女神的任何東西：一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個(gè)節(jié)日，甚至是一本教科書?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴(kuò)大，作為補(bǔ)充，造假者的技藝變得越來(lái)越精湛。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”，而是“特定場(chǎng)地的”，被認(rèn)為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段中“thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries...”對(duì)皇室和教堂遺跡的憤怒促使古物學(xué)家把它們（文物）藏在避難所的陳列室里。由此可知，是為了保護(hù)皇家和教堂的財(cái)富，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

6.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是“museum”一詞的變化過(guò)程，所以選項(xiàng)B最能概括全文。

9.單選題

Broadlyspeaking,I（1）theexperienceofwould-bepublicintellectualsintotwoforms.Intheperiodofthe1960sand1970s,thoseworkingforsocialjustice（2）intellectualworkagainstthebackgroundofa‘worldunderconstruction’-thoughtandactionremainedalliedandthelinktopolicyremained（3）forintellectualstomovebeyondmerewordgames.

Inthel980sandearly1990s,thoseintellectualsworkingforsocialjusticeineducationfaceda‘worldunderdeconstruction’-manyof（4）projectsweredismantledorcameundersustainedattack.Inthislaterperiod,detachedfromactionanddivorcedfrompolicy,thepublicintellectualwasforcedintoanincreasinglyabstractpositionofarguingthroughwordsforpoliciesandactivitiesthat（5）discoursesofdisavowal,displacementandderision.Thisisharshterraintooccupyandyettherearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhocontinuedto（6）socialjusticesinrace,genderandclassterms.

IamremindedofafilmIwatchedontheAmericanCivilWar.AstheSouthwasprogressivelydefeated,（7）landwasoccupied-justafewtownsandstripsofland.Intheend,thecommentatorsaidallthatwasleftwasa‘confederacyofthemind’-acollectivememoryofanaspiration.

（8）,thathasbeenthefateofmovementsforsocialjusticeandofassociatedintellectualwork（9）thepasttwodecades.Butweshouldnotunderestimatethe‘confederacyofthemind’.Forone（10）Iwillmakewithgreatforceisthatthelargestproblemtheattemptedreconstructionofthepasttwodecades（11）-theattempttodemolishthewelfarestate-ispeople’scollectivememoryofgoodpublicservices,ofcommitmentstoprovisionforall,（12）itbeschoolsorhospitals.Thevitaltasknowisto（13）,reenergizeandreinventnewprojectsandprogramsforsocialjustice,formemoriesandpredispositioninBritainremain（14）resilient.Weshouldnowbe（15）defineanewrolefortheeducationalresearcherin（16）Britain,anddosoinwaysinformedbycollectivememoriesofsocialjusticeinitiatives.Thisshould,hopefully,presageanewinvestigationoftheroleofeducationalresearcheraspublicintellectual,movingus（17）anewphaseafterthehopefulyearsofthe1960sandearly1970sandthereversalinthetwodecadesthatfollowed.Nowwecanhopeagaintherearepostmodernprospects（18）IshouldnotethatIamnot（19）re-establishingsomeoldmasternarrativeofsocialjustice-more（20）voicesandvisions,amovingmosaicofintentionsandplans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.haddivided

B.divided

C.hadbeendividing

D.havebeendividing

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.undertook

B.undertake

C.accepted

D.accept

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.farenough

B.enoughfar

C.closeenough

D.enoughclose

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedearly

B.themostdearly

C.dearly

D.themoredearly

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.weresubjectto

B.weresubjectedto

C.aresubjectto

D.aresubjectedto

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.argueagainst

B.arguefor

C.arguewith

D.argueto

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.moreandmore

B.more

C.less

D.lessandless

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.Insomeway

B.Insomeways

C.Inaway

D.[nways

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.for

C.in

D.by

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.assertion

B.announcement

C.allege

D.assessment

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.willface

B.face

C.faced

D.hasfaced

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.rather

B.whether

C.either

D.even

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.reentrant

B.reinvigorate

C.reinforce

D.reeducated

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.remarkably

B.remarking

C.remarked

D.remarkable

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.lookinginto

B.lookingonto

C.lookingto

D.lookingforwardto

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.millenarian

B.millennium

C.millennial

D.millenary

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.forwardto

B.awayto

C.into

D.onto

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.forexploring

B.toexplore

C.withexploration

D.forexploration

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.talkingwith

B.talkingabout

C.talkingover

D.talkingto

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.alotof

B.abitof

C.anumberof

D.asetof

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:C

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】（1）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)文章第二句“Intheperiodofthe1960sand1970s”可知，句子的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的回憶。又根據(jù)broadlyspeaking“一般說(shuō)來(lái)”，可知，空格中的動(dòng)作是從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且會(huì)一直持續(xù)下去。所以選用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（2）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析和語(yǔ)法。undertake“從事，承擔(dān)”；accept“接受”，根據(jù)文意：那些為社會(huì)正義而工作的人承擔(dān)著智力工作。所以選用動(dòng)詞undertake，又根據(jù)整個(gè)文段的時(shí)態(tài)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（3）固定搭配和語(yǔ)法。enough修飾形容詞需要后置，選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。又根據(jù)上文remainedallied“保持同盟關(guān)系”，可知下文應(yīng)該表示與政策相聯(lián)系，使其保持足夠緊密。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（4）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)文意manyof表示“在……中許多”，可知空格中應(yīng)該填入最高級(jí)，副詞dearly的最高級(jí)為themostdearly，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（5）固定搭配和語(yǔ)法。besubjectedto“經(jīng)受……”，besubjectto“從屬于……，有……傾向”。句意：從屬于否認(rèn)、替換和嘲笑的談話。又因?yàn)檎麄€(gè)文段為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（6）固定搭配。argueagainst“反對(duì)”；arguefor“支持”；arguewith“和……爭(zhēng)論”；沒(méi)有搭配argueto，選項(xiàng)D可排除。根據(jù)句意：在種族、性別、階級(jí)方面繼續(xù)支持正義。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（7）推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“AstheSouthwasprogressivelydefeated…”，可知隨著南方逐漸被打敗，越來(lái)越少的土地被占領(lǐng)-只有一些城鎮(zhèn)和狹長(zhǎng)地帶。lessandless“越來(lái)越少”，moreandmore“越來(lái)越多”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（8）固定搭配。insomeways“在某些方面，在某種程度上”；inaway“在某些程度上，有點(diǎn)兒”；沒(méi)有搭配insomeway和inways，選項(xiàng)A和D可排除。句意：在某種程度上，這就是爭(zhēng)取社會(huì)正義運(yùn)功的命運(yùn)。Insomeways起承上啟下的作用，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（9）固定搭配。固定搭配“inthepasttwodecades”意思為“在過(guò)去的二十年”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（10）名詞詞義辨析。assertion“斷言，聲明”；announcement“公告”；allege“斷言，宣稱”；assessment“評(píng)定，估價(jià)”。句意：我們不應(yīng)該低估“思想聯(lián)盟”，我用我最大的力量去聲明的一點(diǎn)是……，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（11）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞thepasttwodecades“在過(guò)去的二十年”，可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（12）邏輯關(guān)系。rather“寧可，寧愿”；whether…or“無(wú)論……還是……”；either…or“或者……或者（兩者之一）”；even“甚至”。句意：承諾給所有人提供糧食，無(wú)論是學(xué)校還是醫(yī)院。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（13）詞匯題。reentrant“可再入的”；reinvigorate“使再振作”；reinforce“加強(qiáng)”；reeducated“接受再教育的”。句意：現(xiàn)在最重要的任務(wù)是重振、再激勵(lì)和改造社會(huì)正義的新項(xiàng)目和計(jì)劃。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（14）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)空格后的resilient形容詞，詞意為“有彈力的，能迅速恢復(fù)的”，可知空格中應(yīng)該填入副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（15）固定搭配。lookinto“調(diào)查，窺視”；lookto“注意，指望”；lookonto“朝……看”；lookforwardto“期望，期待”。句意：我們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該注意為研究教育者定位一個(gè)新的角色。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（16）形近詞辨析和語(yǔ)法。millenarian“一千的”；millennium“一千年”；millennial“—千年的”；millenary“千年，一千”。根據(jù)上文提到的新計(jì)劃的完成，可知項(xiàng)目和計(jì)劃的完成需要上千年，名詞Britain前應(yīng)該用形容詞，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（17）固定搭配。根據(jù)搭配move…into…“將……移入……”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（18）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now，可知文章提到的是現(xiàn)在對(duì)未來(lái)的希望，所以用不定式表將來(lái)，在句子中作目的狀語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（19）固定搭配。talkwith“和……交談”；talkabout“談?wù)撽P(guān)于……”，talkover“談?wù)摚f(shuō)服”；talkto“和……說(shuō)話”。句意：我們不是在談?wù)撽P(guān)于重新建構(gòu)一些關(guān)于社會(huì)正義的舊事講述。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（20）固定搭配和語(yǔ)法。alotof“許多，大量”；abitof“一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”；anumberof“大量的”；asetof“一組，一套”。根據(jù)文意moreasetofvoicesandvisions“更多的是一些聲音和愿景”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.翻譯題

WhyistheNativeLanguageLearntSoWell?Howdoesithappenthatchildrenlearntheirmothertonguesowell?Whenwecomparethemwithadultslearningaforeignlanguage,weoftenfindthisinterestingfactalittlechildwithoutknowledgeorexperienceoftensucceedsinacompletemasteryofthelanguage.Agrown-uppersonwithfullydevelopedmentalpowers,inmostcases,mayendupwithafaultyandinexactcommand.Whataccountsforthisdifference?

Despiteotherexplanations,therealanswerinmyopinionliespartlyinthechildhimself,partlyinthebehaviorofthepeoplearoundhim.Inthefirstplace,thetimeoflearningthemothertongueisthemostfavorableofall,namely,thefirstyearsoflife.Achildhearsitspokenfrommorningtillnightand,whatismoreimportant,alwaysinitsgenuineform,withtherightpronunciation,rightintonation,rightuseofwordsandrightstructure.Hedrinksinallthewordsandexpressionswhichcometohiminafresh,ever-bubblingspring.Thereisnoresistance:thereisperfectassimilation.

Thenthechildhas,asitwere,privatelessonsalltheyearround,whileanadultlanguage-studenthaseachweekalimitednumberofhourswhichhegenerallyshareswithothers.Thechildhasanotheradvantage:hehearsthelanguageinallpossiblesituations,alwaysaccompaniedbytherightkindofgesturesandfacialexpressions.Herethereisnothingunnatural,suchasisoftenfoundinlanguagelessonsinschools,whenonetalksabouticeandsnowinJuneorscorchingheatinJanuary.Andwhatachildhearsisge