書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西藍(lán)天航空職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenthecrowdsawtheprize-fighterstretchedoutonthecanvas,shoutsandcheers（）fromit.

問題1選項

A.brokeup

B.brokeforth

C.brokethrough

D.brokeupon

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A選項brokeup“分手；結(jié)束，打碎”；B選項breakforth“迸發(fā)；噴發(fā)；爆發(fā)”；C選項breakthrough“突破；突圍；沖破；取得突破性成就”；D選項breakupon“顯露；突然出現(xiàn)”。句意：當(dāng)人們看見那位職業(yè)拳擊手四肢攤開躺在拳臺上時，場上爆發(fā)出歡呼聲和吶喊聲。因此B選項正確。

2.單選題

Someeducatorstrytoputstudentsofsimilarabilitiesintothesameclassbecausetheybelievethiskindof（）groupingisadvisable.

問題1選項

A.homogeneous

B.instantaneous

C.spontaneous

D.anonymous

【答案】A

【解析】homogeneous同質(zhì)的；instantaneous瞬間的；spontaneous自發(fā)的；anonymous匿名的。句意：一些教育工作者試圖把能力相似的學(xué)生放在同一個班級，因為他們認(rèn)為這種同質(zhì)分組是可取的。選項A符合句意。

3.翻譯題

Arecentphenomenoninpresent-dayscienceandtechnologyistheincreasingtrendtoward“directed”or“programmed”research;i.e.researchwhosescopeandobjectivesarepredeterminedbyprivateorgovernmentorganizationsratherthanresearchersthemselves.Anyscientistworkingforsuchorganizationsandinvestigatinginagivenfieldthereforetendstodosoinaccordancewithaplanorprogramdesignedbeforehand.

Atthebeginningofthecentury,however,thesituationwasquitedifferent.Atthattimetherewerenoindustrialresearchorganizationsinthemodernsense;thelaboratoryunitconsistedofafewscientistsatthemost,assistedbyoneortwotechnicians.Nevertheless,thescientist,oftenworkingwithinadequateequipmentinunsuitablerooms,wasfreetochooseanysubjectforinvestigationheliked,sincetherewasnopredeterminedprogramtowhichhehadtoconform.

Asthecenturydeveloped,theincreasingmagnitudeandcomplexityoftheproblemstobesolvedmadeitimpossible,inmanycases,fortheindividualscientisttodealwiththehugemassofnewdata,techniquesandequipmentthatwererequiredforcarryingoutresearchaccuratelyandefficiently.Theincreasingscaleandscopeoftheexperimentsneededtotestnewhypothesesanddevelopnewtechniquesandindustrialprocessesledtothesettingupofresearchgroupsorteamsusinghighly-complicatedequipmentinelaborately-designedlaboratories.Owingtothelargesumofmoneyinvolved,itwasthenfeltessentialtodirectthesehumanandmaterialresourcesintospecificchannelswithclearly-definedobjectives.Inthiswayitwasconsideredthatthequickestandmostpracticalresultscouldbeobtained.This,then,wasprogrammed(programmatic)research.

Oneoftheeffectsofthisorganizedandstandardizedinvestigationistocausethescientisttobecomeincreasinglyinvolvedinappliedresearch(development),especiallyinthebranchesofsciencewhichseemmostlikelytohaveindustrialapplications.Privateindustryandevengovernmentdepartmentstendtoconcentrateonimmediateresultsandshowcomparativelylittleinterestinlong-rangeinvestigations.

Inconsequence,thereisasteadyshiftofscientistsfromthepuretotheappliedfield,wheretherearemorejobsavailable,frequentlymorehighly-paidandwithbettertechnicalfacilitiesthanjobsconnectedwithpureresearchinauniversity.

Owingtotheinterdependencebetweenpureandappliedscience,itiseasytoseethatthissystem,ifextendedtoofar,carriesconsiderabledangersforthefutureofscience—notonlypurescience,butappliedscienceaswell.

【答案】現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的一個最新現(xiàn)象是:科學(xué)研究越來越朝著“有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的”或“有計劃的”趨勢發(fā)展，也就是說，研究的范圍和目標(biāo)是由私營機構(gòu)或政府機構(gòu)，而不是由研究人員自己事先決定的。

隨著本世紀(jì)時間的推移，有待解決的問題的重要性與日俱增，其復(fù)雜性日趨深化。這就使單個的科學(xué)家在許多情況下無法處理進行精確而又高效研究所需要的大量新資料、新技術(shù)和新設(shè)備。

因此，科學(xué)家不斷從純科學(xué)領(lǐng)域轉(zhuǎn)移到應(yīng)用科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，因為這一領(lǐng)域有更多的工作機會。同大學(xué)里的純理論研究工作相比，這些工作的待遇往往更優(yōu)厚，技術(shù)設(shè)施也更好。

4.單選題

Thegovernment（）toapprovetheuseofwide-spreadsurveillancewhentheJusticeDepartmenttookobjections.

問題1選項

A.isgoing

B.hadbeen

C.wasabout

D.iscoming

【答案】C

【解析】句意:政府即將同意采取廣泛監(jiān)督的手段吋，卻遭到了司法部的反對。

語法題?？疾闀r態(tài)(一般過去將來時)。由關(guān)鍵詞“took”可知句子主調(diào)為過去時,因此使用現(xiàn)在吋態(tài)的A項和D項排除。句意為“政府即將同意”,因此應(yīng)用一般過去將來時。故選C。

5.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecast,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項

A.faint

B.dizzy

C.gloomy

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項faint“模糊的；頭暈的；虛弱的”；B選項dizzy“眩暈的；昏亂的；心不在焉的”；C選項gloomy“黑暗的；沮喪的”；D選項opaque“不透明的；不傳熱的；遲鈍的”。句意：盡管有……經(jīng)濟預(yù)測，但制造業(yè)產(chǎn)出略有上升。既然句中有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明前半部分的經(jīng)濟預(yù)測是負(fù)面的，四個選項中只有C選項符合語境，表示“令人沮喪的經(jīng)濟預(yù)測”。

6.單選題

“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers”,wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.Starwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersof

Hawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,dormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepikothatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindtowhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeituseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

1.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates,（

）.

2.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto（

）.

3.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday’sastronomy（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof（

）.

問題1選項

A.theconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

B.theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

C.theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

D.herappreciationofstarwatchers’featsinhertime.

問題2選項

A.itsgeographicalfeatures

B.itsprotectivesurroundings

C.itsreligiousimplications

D.itsexistinginfrastructure

問題3選項

A.itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife

B.itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

C.theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival

D.theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea

問題4選項

A.isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.

B.helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld

C.mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture

D.willeventuallysoftenHawaiian’shostility.

問題5選項

A.severecriticism

B.passiveacceptance

C.slighthesitancy

D.fullapproval

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段Starwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersof

Hawaiiansociety提到觀星人曾是夏威夷社會中最受人尊敬的群體，由此可以推測出當(dāng)時天文學(xué)在夏威夷的重要性，選項B符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到了莫納克亞山的優(yōu)越位置使得它成為理想的天文觀測點（RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity）。選項A符合題意。

3.文章第三段AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation提到少數(shù)夏威夷人和環(huán)保主義者把那些天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡看作是對那邊神圣土地的褻瀆，并且會讓他們想到這個曾經(jīng)的主權(quán)國家被占領(lǐng)的慘痛經(jīng)歷，所以選項B“讓人想起一段羞辱的歷史”符合題意。

4.文章第五段therealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing提到天文學(xué)和夏威夷文化都在試圖回答我們是誰，我們從何處來，去往何處這些重大的問題，由此可以推斷現(xiàn)在的天文學(xué)和夏威夷文化一樣都揭示了相關(guān)的起源問題。選項C符合題意。

5.文章最后一段TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact提到TMT的選址將最大程度縮小天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡在島上的可見度，來避免對考古及環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的影響，由此可推測作者對此是全力支持的，選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Criticsofearlyschoolingciteresearchthatquestionswhether4-year-oldchildrenarereadytotakeonformallearning.Educatorsfindthat21toddlersaremorelikelytosucceedduringtheirschoolcareers,22theiryoungercounterpartsaremorelikelyto__23_.Kindergartenchildrenwhoturnfiveduringthe24halfoftheyearseemtobeatadisadvantagewhenit25physical,emotional,social,andintellectualdevelopment.Additionally,childrenwhoarenearlysixwhentheyenterkindergarten26toreceivebettergradesandscorehigheronachievement27throughouttheirschoolingexperience28dothosewhobeginkindergartenhavingjustturnedfive.Beingbrightandverballyskillfulandbeingreadyforschooldonotseemtobethe29thing.Itiseasytoconfusethesuperficialpoiseandsophisticationofmanyoftoday’schildren30innermaturity.Indeed,evidencesuggeststhatearlyschoolingboomerangs:Youngsters31parentspushthemtoattainacademicsuccessinpreschoolaxelesscreative,have32anxietyabouttests,and,bytheendofkindergarten,failtomaintaintheirinitialacademicadvantage33theirless-pressuredpeers.

Manypsychologistsandeducatorsremainskepticalofapproachesthatplace4-year-oldsinaformaleducationalsetting.Theyquestion34environmentalenrichmentcansignificantlyalterthebuilt-indevelopmenttimetableofachildrearedinanondisadvantagedhome.Theydonotdeny,however,the35ofday-carecentersandnurseryschoolsthatprovideahomelikeenvironmentandallowchildren36freedomtoplay,developattheirown37__,andevolvetheirsocialskills.Buttheypointoutthatmanyofthethingschildrenoncedidinfirstgradearenow38oftheminkindergarten,andtheyworrylestmoreandmorewillnowbeaskedof4-year-olds,Therepsychologistsandeducatorsbelievewearedrivingyoungchildrentoo39andtherebydeprivingthemoftheir40__.

問題1選項

A.older

B.taller

C.stronger

D.smarter

問題2選項

A.since

B.nowthat

C.thereby

D.whereas

問題3選項

A.fall

B.fail

C.flee

D.fear

問題4選項

A.late

B.later

C.latest

D.latter

問題5選項

A.liesin

B.dealswith

C.comesto

D.callsfor

問題6選項

A.help

B.want

C.tend

D.prefer

問題7選項

A.tests

B.trials

C.performance

D.competition

問題8選項

A.that

B.which

C.then

D.than

問題9選項

A.easy

B.hard

C.same

D.similar

問題10選項

A.for

B.against

C.with

D.towards

問題11選項

A.and

B.with

C.those

D.whose

問題12選項

A.much

B.more

C.many

D.most

問題13選項

A.to

B.against

C.over

D.than

問題14選項

A.how

B.that

C.why

D.whether

問題15選項

A.value

B.power

C.consideration

D.responsibility

問題16選項

A.possible

B.reasonable

C.imaginable

D.considerable

問題17選項

A.way

B.case

C.pace

D.means

問題18選項

A.thought

B.reminded

C.expected

D.regarded

問題19選項

A.well

B.hard

C.badly

D.directly

問題20選項

A.memory

B.childhood

C.ambitions

D.simplicity

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:A

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:B

第20題:B

【解析】21.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查上下文。A項older“更年長的”，B項taller“更高的”，C項stronger“更強壯的”，D項smarter“更聰明的”。根據(jù)后文中的theiryoungercounterparts可以知道這里是一個對比，所以我們應(yīng)該填入一個和younger做對比的詞語，A項最符合。句意：教育家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡較大的學(xué)步兒童更有可能在他們的學(xué)校生涯中取得成功。故選擇A正確。

22.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查語義。A項since“自從”，B項nowthat“既然，由于”，C項thereby“從而，因此”，D項whereas“然而，鑒于”。根據(jù)句子Educatorsfindthatoldertoddlersaremorelikelytosucceedduringtheirschoolcareers,…theiryoungercounterpartsaremorelikelyto…（教育家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡較大的學(xué)步兒童更有可能在他們的學(xué)校生涯中取得成功，……他們的年輕同齡人則更有可能……）可知，此處需要一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，A、B、C選項都是表示因果的，故選擇D正確。

23.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查語義。A項fall“摔倒”，B項fail“失敗”，C項flee“逃走，消失”，D項fear“恐懼，害怕”。根據(jù)句子Educatorsfindthatoldertoddlersaremorelikelytosucceedduringtheirschoolcareers,whereastheiryoungercounterpartsaremorelikelyto…（教育家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡較大的學(xué)步兒童更有可能在他們的學(xué)校生涯中取得成功，然而他們的年輕同齡人則更有可能……）可知，年紀(jì)大一點的孩子更容易取得更好的成績，那也就是說年紀(jì)稍小的容易出錯或失敗，故選擇B正確。

24.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項late“遲，晚”，B項later“隨后”，C項latest“最近的，最新的”，D項latter“后者的，近來的”。根據(jù)句子Kindergartenchildrenwhoturnfiveduringthe…h(huán)alfoftheyearseemtobeatadisadvantage（在今年……半年滿5歲的幼兒園孩子似乎處于不利地位）可知根據(jù)句子的意思，我們知道這里要說的是下半年出生的孩子不占優(yōu)勢，在英文中下半年的表達(dá)是固定的，即thelaterhalfoftheyear，也可以用secondhalf來表示下半年。故選擇B正確。

25.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語義。A項liein“存在于”，B項dealwith“處理”，C項cometo“想起，共計，達(dá)到”，D項callfor“要求，需要”。根據(jù)句子Kindergartenchildrenwhoturnfiveduringthelaterhalfoftheyearseemtobeatadisadvantagewhenit…physical,emotional,social,andintellectualdevelopment.（在今年下半年滿5歲的幼兒園孩子……身體、情感、社交和智力發(fā)展方面似乎處于不利地位）可知空格應(yīng)該填入表達(dá)“在，到”的詞語，四個選項只有C項符合題意。故選擇C正確。

26.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查邏輯。A項help“幫助”，B項want“想要”，C項tend“趨向”，D項prefer“更喜歡”。根據(jù)句子Additionally,childrenwhoarenearlysixwhentheyenterkindergarten…toreceivebettergradesandscorehigher（此外，接近6歲時進入幼兒園的孩子……獲得更好的成績，取得更高的成績）可知快6歲才上幼兒園的孩子更容易取得好的成績；這是一個客觀趨勢，而非孩子的主觀意愿，所以不能選擇A項，B項和D項；tendto有“傾向于，易于做某事”的意思，符合上下文語義。故選擇C正確。

27.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項test“測試”，B項trial“試驗，磨練”，C項performance“表現(xiàn)”，D項competition“競賽，比賽”。根據(jù)句子Additionally,childrenwhoarenearlysixwhentheyenterkindergarten…toreceivebettergradesandscorehigher（此外，進入幼兒園時接近6歲的孩子往往成績更好，在成就……中也取得更高的分?jǐn)?shù)），achievementtest固定搭配，表示“成就測試”；故選擇A正確。

28.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查邏輯。這里由于修飾those的定語從句whobeginkindergartenhavingjustturnedfive太長，所以文章將動詞do提前，而將發(fā)出動作的those及從句置后，這是一個倒裝句式。所以根據(jù)前后文childrenwhoarenearlysixwhentheyenterkindergartentendtoreceivebettergradesandscorehigheronachievementteststhroughouttheirschoolingexperience…dothosewhobeginkindergartenhavingjustturnedfive（進入幼兒園時接近6歲的孩子和那些剛滿5歲就上幼兒園的孩子……，6歲的孩子往往成績更好，在成就測試中也取得更高的分?jǐn)?shù)）我們可知，剛滿5歲的孩子在各方面表現(xiàn)上可能相對年紀(jì)大一點的孩子要差一點，所以這里需要一個表示對比的介詞，只有D項符合；A項和B項用來引導(dǎo)從句；C項連詞；故選擇D正確。

29.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查上下文語義。A項easy“容易的”，B項hard“硬的，困難的”，C項same“同樣的”，D項similar“相似的”。根據(jù)句子Beingbrightandverballyskillfulandbeingreadyforschooldonotseemtobethe…thing.Itiseasytoconfusethesuperficialpoiseandsophisticationofmanyoftoday’schildren…（聰明、語言熟練和準(zhǔn)備好上學(xué)似乎不是……事；人們很容易混淆當(dāng)今許多孩子內(nèi)心的成熟老練）可知，這里應(yīng)該是說孩子外在表現(xiàn)地聰明，能說會道與內(nèi)在實際適合上學(xué)并不是同一件事；故選擇C正確。

30.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項for“對于”，B項against“反對，針對”，C項with“和”，D項towards“朝，向”。根據(jù)上下文我們知道，我們很容易將當(dāng)今孩子外表所表現(xiàn)出來的鎮(zhèn)靜和世故與孩子內(nèi)心的成熟度相混淆。此處考查的是confusesth.withsth.固定搭配，所以這里的介詞要選擇with；故選擇C正確。

31.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查定語從句。A項and“和”表并列，B項with“和”表伴隨，C項those“這些”，D項whose“誰的”。根據(jù)Youngsters…parentspushthemtoattainacademicsuccessinpreschoolaxelesscreative（那些被父母逼著在學(xué)前班就取得學(xué)業(yè)成就的孩子們，往往缺乏創(chuàng)造力）可知，Youngsters和parentspushthemtoattainacademicsuccess的關(guān)系是后面的作為定語修飾前面的youngster，所以要選擇whose來引導(dǎo)定語從句；故選擇D正確。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查上下文語義。A項much“大量”修飾不可數(shù)；B項more“更多”，用于比較級；C項many“許多”；D項most“最多”，用于最高級。根據(jù)Youngsterswhoseparentspushthemtoattainacademicsuccessinpreschoolaxelesscreative,have…anxietyabouttests（那些被父母逼著在學(xué)前班就取得學(xué)業(yè)成就的孩子們，往往缺乏創(chuàng)造力，對考試……焦慮）可知，根據(jù)前文的less（更少）可知，這里是一個比較級；根據(jù)句意，被父母逼著在學(xué)前班就取得學(xué)業(yè)成就的孩子們更缺少創(chuàng)新，更容易對考試焦慮；故選擇B正確。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查句意。A項to“朝，對于”；B項against“針對，敵對”；C項over“在……之上，越過”；D項than“比”。根據(jù)failtomaintaintheirinitialacademicadvantage…theirless-pressuredpeers（沒有保持他們最初的學(xué)術(shù)優(yōu)勢……他們壓力較小的同齡人）可知，根據(jù)前文的less（更少）可知，壓力大的孩子比壓力小的孩子更容易無法維持他們的學(xué)習(xí)成績，所以這里有一個比較的意思；A項沒有對比的含義，所以排除；B項表示針對，不適合；C項可引申為可引中為多于的意思；D項只是表達(dá)比較，沒有傾向性；故選擇C正確。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查上下文語義和語法。根據(jù)Manypsychologistsandeducatorsremainskepticalofapproachesthatplace4-year-oldsinaformaleducationalsetting.Theyquestion…environmentalenrichmentcansignificantlyalterthebuilt-indevelopmenttimetableofachildrearedinanondisadvantagedhome.（許多心理學(xué)家和教育家對將4歲的孩子置于正式教育環(huán)境中的方法持懷疑態(tài)度。他們質(zhì)疑……環(huán)境的豐富可以顯著改變一個在非弱勢家庭中長大的孩子的內(nèi)在發(fā)展時間表）可知，question這里是一個動詞，后面應(yīng)該接賓語從句，A項表示專家們懷疑的是外在富裕環(huán)境如何改變孩子；B項表示對整個觀點都懷疑，一般是否定傾向的；C項表示為什么外在富裕的環(huán)境能夠改變孩子，是追究原因；D項表示懷疑外在富裕的環(huán)境能否改變孩子。結(jié)合全文可知這里更多只是表示專家懷疑是否能改變，而不是追求背后的原因，改變的方式或否定這個觀點。故選擇D正確。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查句意。A項value“價值”；B項power“力量”；C項consideration“考慮”；D項responsibility“責(zé)任”。根據(jù)Theydonotdeny,however,the…ofday-carecentersandnurseryschoolsthatprovideahomelikeenvironment（然而，他們并不否認(rèn)日托中心和幼兒園所提供的像家一樣的環(huán)境的……）可知，此處應(yīng)該表示“價值”。故選擇A正確。

36.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查句意。A項possible“可能的”；B項reasonable“理性的”；C項imaginable“想象力的”；D項considerable“相當(dāng)大的，重要的”。根據(jù)allowchildren…freedomtoplay（允許孩子們……自由去玩耍）可知，此處應(yīng)該表示給孩子們盡可能的自由。故選擇A正確。

37.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項way“方法”；B項case“案件”；C項pace“步伐”；D項means“意味著，手段”。根據(jù)developattheirown…andevolvetheirsocialskills（發(fā)展他們自己的……，發(fā)展他們的社交技能）可知，此處應(yīng)該表示按照自己的方式來進行發(fā)展。atone’sway表示“根據(jù)某人自己的方式”；atone’scase表示“根據(jù)某人的狀況”；atone’space表示“根據(jù)自己的速度，步伐”；atone’smeans表示“根據(jù)某人的手段”。故選擇A正確。

38.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語義。A項think“思考”；B項remind“提醒”；C項expect“期望”；D項regard“看待”。根據(jù)Buttheypointoutthatmanyofthethingschildrenoncedidinfirstgradearenow…oftheminkindergarten（但是他們指出，孩子們曾經(jīng)在一年級做的很多事情現(xiàn)在都……在幼兒園做）可知，此處表達(dá)期望的意思；故選擇C正確。

39.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查語義。A項well“充分地”；B項hard“艱難地，嚴(yán)厲地”；C項badly“壞地”；D項directly“直接地”。根據(jù)Therepsychologistsandeducatorsbelievewearedrivingyoungchildrentoo…（心理學(xué)家和教育家認(rèn)為我們對孩子的要求……）可知，此處表達(dá)對孩子的要求越來越高，所以讓孩子們感到難度很大；C項表示過于要求孩子們，有傷害到了孩子的意思；B項相對中性，表達(dá)的是過多的要求孩子們。故選擇B正確。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查語義和上下文邏輯。A項memory“記憶”；B項childhood“童年”；C項ambition“野心”；D項simplicity“天真，愚蠢”。根據(jù)Therepsychologistsandeducatorsbelievewearedrivingyoungchildrentoohardandtherebydeprivingthemoftheir…（心理學(xué)家和教育家認(rèn)為，我們對孩子們的要求太高，從而剝奪了他們的……）可知，此處表達(dá)變相的剝奪了本該屬于孩子們的童年；故選擇B正確。

8.單選題

OntheafternoonofJuly2,1936,NaziSSleaderHeinrichHimmlerandacoterieofhisseniorofficersparadedonfootthroughthewindingcobblestonestreetsofQuedlinburg,oneofthemostperfectlypreservedmedievalcitiesinallEurope.Himmler’sstaffhadbeenplanningthetriptothesmallcityincentralGermanyforweeks.Theyorderedthestreetstobecleanedandtheoldhousesalongthemainthoroughfarestobepainted.TheydrapedNazibannersfromtherooftopsandgarlandsalongthewalls.TheyrehearsedtheSSband,drilledthelocalchapterofHitlerYouthandarrangedforanSSphotographertorecordtheproceedingsfrombeginningtoend.Nothingofimportancewasoverlooked.

Dressedinashinyblackhelmet,immaculateblackuniformandtallblackboots,Himmlermadehiswayupthecity’sCastleHill.Paleandanemic-looking,withaspindlyframeandaheadoneortwosizestoosmallforhisbody,helookedstrangelyoutofplaceamonghisentourageoftall,athletic-lookingSSmen.HestoppedtoadmireQuedlinburg’ssplendidstonecastle,thenproceededtoitslargemedievalcathedral—theultimateobjectofhispilgrimage.HimmlerdespisedChristianity,areligionthatpreachedcompassionfortheweakandthebrotherhoodofallmenandacceptedaJewasthesonofGod.ButtheQuedlinburgcathedralguardedsomethingofimmenseimportancetohim—thetombofanobscure10th-centuryGermanking,HeinrichI.

Himmlerwasenthralledbyancienthistory,andhewantedallSSmentosharehispassion.Indeed,heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich.HeviewedHeinrichIasagreatleaderwhocouldserveasamodelforAdolfHitlerandplannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine.HimmlerstoodatthefootofthecryptandgaveaspeechexhortinghisofficerstopaycarefulheedtoGermany’sproudancientpast,“Justasatreewithersifitsrootsareremoved,soapeoplefalliftheydonothonortheirancestors,”helaterwarned.

Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.EvensomeseniorNazispokedfunathisardorforhistory.AsAlbertSpeer,Hitler’sformerchiefarchitect,jeeredafterthewar,Himmler“washalfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.ButHimmlerwasdeadlyseriousaboutreturningtheThirdReichtothelostgoldenageofhisimagination.In1935hefoundedalargeSSresearchinstitute,employingmorethan100GermanscholarstostudythepastandhelptutorSSmeninthewaysoftheirancestors.Withsuchresearch,heintendedtotransformvaststretchesoftheReichintomedievalfiefdomsruledbySSlords,aplanhebeganactingonbeforethewar.Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplannerwhoworkeddiligentlytowardthissinisterfutureinmuchthesametirelesswaythathelaboredoncreatingtheconcentrationcampsystemandimplementinga“finalsolution”.Indeed,thesewerethetwinpolesofhisexistence,theyinandyangofhisworld:thesqualid,crowdedcampsandthesunnySSfarmvillages.

Himmlersetaboutconstructingthisfutureinthreeways.Herecruitedtall,blond-hairedmentotheSSinordertoscientificallyrebreedwhathebelievedwasaprimevalmasterrace.Withthehelpofhisresearchers,heinstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices.Andbeforethewarstarted,hebeganinstallingSSfamiliesin“feudal”villagesofnewlyfabricatedmedieval-stylehouses.HeplannedtocreatethousandsoftheseantiquecoloniesinconqueredlandsacrossEasternEurope.Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire.Thiswassocialengineeringinitsmostswaggering,arrogantform—utopianismgonehorriblywrong.ButHimmler,whorosetobecomethesecondmostpowerfulmanintheReichbyearly1945asHitler’shealthfailed,follyintendedtocarryoutthatplanifNaziGermanywonthewar.OnlycrushingdefeatbytheAlliesstoppedhim.

1.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsisclosestinmeaningto“coterie”？

2.WhichofthefollowingphrasesbestdescribeshowHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast?

3.Fromthispassage,itisclearthatHimmlerprimarilyintended（

）.

4.ForAlbertSpeerHimmlerwas“halfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.Inwhichofthefollowingisthemeaningofthisquoteclosest?

5.Fortheauthor,Himmlerwouldbestbedescribedas（

）.

問題1選項

A.Aselectedgroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotherfrequently.

B.Alargenumberofpersonswithwhomonemightmeetonsocialoccasions.

C.Anindiscriminategroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotheronrareoccasions.

D.Alargenumberofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanothertodiscusspoliticalmatters.

問題2選項

A.Esotericcultandpractices.

B.Eccentricapproach.

C.Catatonicstate.

D.Histrionicdisorder.

問題3選項

A.tobringancientagriculturalpracticesinto20thcenturyGermany

B.toreturntoaprosperouseraduringwhichtheGermanpeoplelivedinidealhappiness

C.toencouragethedevelopmentofmulticulturalisminameltingpotsociety

D.toeliminateallthosewhocouldhavethreatenedhisrisetopower

問題4選項

A.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastwasregardedasabsurd.

B.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedintenserivalryamongotherprominentNazileaders.

C.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedwidespreademulationamongstotherprominentNazileaders.

D.OthershadtheprivilegeofstudyingtheaweinspiringbreadthanddepthofHimmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpast.

問題5選項

A.autopianreformer

B.anincurableromanticlostintime

C.animprobablevisionary

D.alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。題干中關(guān)鍵詞coterie出現(xiàn)在文章首段首句，acoterieof用來修飾后面的hisseniorofficers，是量詞。前面主人公是納粹黨衛(wèi)軍領(lǐng)袖，他與軍官們自然是處于同一陣線的。A選項“經(jīng)?；ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”；B選項“一個人在社交場合可能會遇到的許多人”；C選項“無差別的一群人，只會在極少數(shù)情況下有往來”；D選項“許多人互相聯(lián)系討論政治問題”。軍隊領(lǐng)袖與他的軍官之間自然是屬于第一類“經(jīng)?；ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“howHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast（希姆萊打算如何讓所有黨衛(wèi)軍成員同化德國的封建歷史）”，相關(guān)信息出現(xiàn)在第三段第二句“heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich”，他認(rèn)為過去的封建制度是第三帝國輝煌的未來藍(lán)圖。緊跟著第三句說到“...plannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine”，計劃將大教堂布滿灰塵的墳?zāi)棺兂牲h衛(wèi)軍的圣地。在最后一段第三句中提到“…h(huán)einstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices”，他教導(dǎo)黨衛(wèi)軍士兵和他們的家人學(xué)習(xí)古德國的宗教、知識和耕作方法。對比選項可知，A選項“宗教信仰和實踐”符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“Himmlerprimarilyintended（希姆萊主要目的是）”，最后兩段說了希姆萊的一些做法及計劃，但是關(guān)鍵在于最后一段中第六句說到“Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire”，通過這種方式，希姆萊希望創(chuàng)造出一個新的黃金時代，從而扭轉(zhuǎn)西方文明的衰落，將人類從泥潭中拯救出來。因此，希姆萊的主要意圖是B選項“復(fù)興德國人曾幸福生活的繁榮時代”。

第4題:4.語義題。AlbertSpeer對于希姆萊的這句評價出現(xiàn)在文章第四段第三句，他人的評價可以認(rèn)為是“果”，而“因”則要往前面找。本段第一句說到“Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.”第三帝國的學(xué)者們一直嘲笑希姆萊對德國歷史的濃厚興趣，認(rèn)為像他訪問奎德林堡這樣的場合是一個醉心于權(quán)力的狂熱分子的愚蠢行為。換句話說希姆萊對德國中世紀(jì)歷史的熱愛被認(rèn)為是荒謬的，A選項符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。作者在第四段對于希姆萊做了這樣的評價“Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplanner”，說他并不是迷失在幻想中的夢想家，而是細(xì)心、有條理的策劃者。A選項autopianreformer“一個烏托邦式的改革者”；B選項anincurableromanticlostintime“迷失在時間里的無可救藥的浪漫主義者”；C選項animprobablevisionary“一個幾乎不可能的空想家”；D選項alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman“頭腦冷靜、目標(biāo)明確的人”。綜合選項與文意可知D選項正確。

9.單選題

Chicago'ssegregationofminoritiesisasoldasthecityitself.TheAfrican-Americanneighborhoodsoftoday'sSouthandWestsidesarelocatedinexactlythesamepartsofthecityastheAfrican-Americanneighborhoodsof1910.Andfrom1930totoday,theseAfricanAmericaneighborhoodshavebeenrepresentedinCongressandinthestatehousebyAfrican-Americanpoliticians,whohavedoneverylittle(otherthanpassFederalbenefitprograms)toliftAfrican-Americansoutofpoverty.Inthe2000Census,forexample,ofthetenpoorestcensustractsintheentireUnitedStates,ninewerelocatedintheSouthandWestSideAfrican-AmericanareasruledbyAfrican-Americancongressme