書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東南方職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Heusescolor,lightandformquitedifferentlyfromtheconventionalstyleofhis（

）

.

問題1選項

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.successors

D.ancestors

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項descendant“子孫，后裔”；B選項predecessor“前任，前輩”；C選項successor“后繼者，繼承人”；D選項ancestor“祖宗，祖先”，分析空格前后的句子成分，是一個所有格短語，充當介詞from的賓語，意思可以理解為“前輩的傳統(tǒng)表達方式”，句意為：他在色彩、光線和形式方面，做法完全不同于他前輩的傳統(tǒng)方式。故正確答案選B。

2.單選題

Thehotelwasafour-storeybuildingawayfromtheuniversitywheremostcompetitorswereaccommodated.

問題1選項

A.putup

B.putdown

C.putin

D.putover

【答案】A

【解析】accommodated在這里指容納，安置。putup提供，建造，舉起；putdown放下，鎮(zhèn)壓；putin提交，放入；putover推遲，駛過。選項A放在句中最為恰當，符合語境。

3.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

Onthewhole,booksarelesslimitedthanourselves.（1）Oftentheysitontheshelvesabsorbingdustlongafterthewriterhasturnedintoahandfulofdust—anditispreciselytheappetiteforthisposthumousdimensionthatsetsone'speninmotion.

Soaswetossandturntheserectangularobjectsinourhandswewon'tbeterriblyamissifwesurmisethatwefondle,asitwere,theurnswithourreturningashes.Afterall,whatgoesintowritingabookis,ultimately,aman'sonlylife.（2）Whoeversaidthattophilosophizeisanexerciseindyingwasrightinmorewaysthanone,forbywritingabooknobodygetsyounger.

Nordoesonebecomeanyyoungerbyreadingone.Sincethisisso,ournaturalpreferenceshouldbeforgoodbooks.Theparadox,however,liesinthefactthatinliterature“good”isdefinedbyitsdistinctionfrom“bad”.（3）What'smore,towriteagoodbook,awritermustreadagreatdealofpulp—otherwisehewon'tbeabletodevelopthenecessarycriteria.That'swhatmayconstitutebadliterature'sbestdefenseattheLastJudgment.

Sinceweareallmoribund,andsincereadingbooksistime-consuming,wemustdeviseasystemthatallowsusasemblanceofeconomy.Ofcourse,thereisnodenyingthepleasureofholdingupwithafat,slow-moving,mediocrenovel,butintheend,wereadnotforreading'ssakebuttolearn.（4）

Hencetheneedfortheworksthatbringsthehumanpredicamentintoitssharpestpossiblefocus.Hence,too,theneedforsomecompassintheoceanofavailableprintedmatter.

（5）Theroleofthatcompass,ofcourse,isplayedbyliterarycriticism,byreviewers.Alas,itsneedleoscillateswildly.Whatisnorthforsomeissouthforothers.Thetroublewitharevieweristhreefold:(a)hecanbeahack,andasignorantasourselves;(b)hecanhavestrongpredilectionsforacertainkindofwritingorsimplybeonthetakewiththepublishingindustry,and(c)ifheisawriteroftalent,hewillturnhisreviewwritingintoanindependentartfrom—JorgeLuisBorgesisacaseinpoint—andyoumayendupreadingreviewsratherthanthebooks.

【答案】1.常常是寫書的人已經(jīng)化為了一堆黃土而其著作卻依舊立在書架上積聚塵土，但恰恰是死后占有這方寸之地的欲望驅(qū)使人提起筆桿。

2.有人說過進行哲學思考就是一步步趨向死亡。不管是誰說的。這種說法從幾種意義上來說都是有道理的，因為一個人絕不會因為寫一本書而變年輕。

3.更重要的是，要寫一本好書，一個作家必須讀大量的低俗書籍，否則他將無法制定必要的標準。

4.因此，我們需要閱讀反映人類的困惑的作品。我們還需要一些指導，指導我們在所有印刷過的書籍中尋找好的作品。

5.當然，這個指導的角色該由文學批評或評論家來扮演的。可嘆的是它的指針搖擺不定。指向的方位對某些人來說是北邊，對另一些人來說卻是南邊。

4.單選題

Perhapsthemoststrikingqualityofsatiricliteratureisitsfreshness,itsoriginalityofperspective.Satirerarelyoffersoriginalideas.Instead,itpresentsthefamiliarinanewform.Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphiloso?phies.Whattheydoislookatfamiliarconditionsfromaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harm?ful,oraffected.Satirejarsusoutofcomplacenceintoapleasantlyshockedrealizationthatmanyofthevaluesthatweunquestionablyacceptarefalse.DonQuixotemakeschivalryseemabsurd；BraveNewWorldridiculesthepreten?sionsofscience;AModestProposaldramatizesstarvationbyadvocatingcannibalism.Noneoftheseideasisoriginal.ChivalrywassuspectbeforeCervantes,humanistsobjectedtotheclaimsofpuresciencebeforeAldousHuxley,andpeoplewereawareoffaminebeforeSwift.Itwasnottheoriginalityoftheideathatmadethesesatirespopular.Itwasthemannerofexpression,thesatiremethod,thatmadetheminterestingandentertaining.Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopin?ions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scramblesfamiliarobjectsintoincongruouscom?bination,andspeaksinapersonalidiominsteadofabstractplatitude.

Satireexistsbecausethereisneedforit.Ithaslivedbecausethereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheyliveinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.Sat?ireservestoprodpeopleintoanawarenessoftruth,thoughrarelytoanyactiononbehalfoftruth.Satiretendstore?mindpeoplethatmuchofwhattheysee,hear,andreadinpopularmediaishypocritical,sentimental,andonlypar?tiallytrue.Liferesemblesinonlyaslightdegreethepopularimageofit.Soldiersrarelyholdtheidealsthatmoviesattributetothem,nordoordinarycitizensdevotetheirlivestounselfishserviceofhumanity.Intelligentpeopleknowthesethingsbutlendloforgetthemwhentheydonothearthemexpressed.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.WhydoestheauthormentionDonQuixote,BraveNewWorldandAModestproposalinthefirstparagraph?

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinsatiricliterature?

4.Accordingtothepassage,thereisaneedforsatirebecausepeopleneedtobe（）

問題1選項

A.Difficultiesofwritingsatiricliterature.

B.Populartopicsofsatire.

C.Newphilosophiesemergingfromsatiricliterature.

D.Reasonsforthepopularityofsatire.

問題2選項

A.Theyarefamousexamplesofsatiricliterature.

B.Theypresentcommonsensesolutionstoproblems.

C.Theyareappropriateforreadersofallages.

D.Theyarebookswithsimilarstories.

問題3選項

A.Newlyemergingphilosophies.

B.Oddcombinationofobjectsandideas.

C.Abstractdiscussionofmoralsandethics.

D.Wholesomecharacterswhoareunselfish.

問題4選項

A.informedaboutnewscientificdevelopment

B.exposedtooriginalphilosophieswhentheyareformulated

C.remindedthatpopularideasareofteninaccurate

D.toldhowtheycanbeofservicetotheircommunities

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“presentsthefamiliarinanewform”，可知首先諷刺作品以新的形式呈現(xiàn)熟悉的事物。后面提到了“Itwasnottheoriginalityoftheideathatmadethesesatirespopular…madetheminterestingandentertaining.”表達方法和諷刺技巧讓諷刺文學流行，所以主要講到了諷刺文學的流行原因。選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，作者用《堂吉訶德》、《奇妙的新世界》和《溫和的建議》這三部小說舉例子，這三部小說都是著名的諷刺小說，以獨特的手法來呈現(xiàn)熟悉的事物，以此來論證自己的觀點。選項A符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句，“Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scramblesfamiliarobjectsintoincongruouscombination…”，可知諷刺文學中是將熟悉的事物不協(xié)調(diào)地組合在一起，并不是奇怪的事物的組合。選項B符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“remindpeoplethatmuchofwhattheysee,hear,andreadinpopularmediaishypocritical,sentimental,andonlypartiallytrue.”。提醒人們在媒體上看到的聽到的并不完全是真實的。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Investigatorsofmonkey’ssocialbehaviorhavealwaysbeenstruckbymonkey’saggressivepotentialandtheconsequentneedforsocialcontroloftheiraggressivebehavior.Studiesdirectedatdescribingaggressivebehaviorandthesituationsthatelicitit,aswellasthesocialmechanismsthatcontrolit,werethereforeamongthefirstinvestigationsofmonkey’ssocialbehavior.

Investigatorsinitiallybelievedthatmonkeyswouldcompeteforanyresourceintheenvironment:hungrymonkeyswouldfightoverfood,thirstymonkeyswouldfightoverwater,and,ingeneral,attimemorethanonemonkeyinagroupsoughtthesameincentivesimultaneously,adisputewouldresultandwouldberesolvedthroughsomeformofaggression.However,themotivatingforceofcompetitionforincentivesbegantobedoubtedwhenexperimentslikeSouthwick’sonthereductionofspaceorthewithholding,offoodfailedtoproducemorethantemporaryincreasesinintergroupaggression.Indeed,fooddeprivationnotonlyfailedtoincreaseaggressionbutinsomecasesactuallyresultedindecreasedfrequenciesofaggression.

Studiesofanimalsinthewildunderconditionsofextremefooddeprivationlikewiserevealedthatstarvingmonkeysdevotedalmostallavailableenergytoforaging,withlittleenergyremainingforaggressiveinteraction.Furthermore,accumulatingevidencefromlaterstudiesofavarietyofprimategroups,forexample,thestudyconductedbyBernstein,indicatesthatoneofthemostpotentstimuliforelicitingaggressionistheintroductionofanintruderintoanorganizedgroup.Suchintroductionsresultinfarmoreseriousaggressionthanthatproducedinanyothertypesofexperimentscontrivedtoproducecompetition.

Thesestudiesofintruderssuggestthatadultmembersofthesamespeciesintroducedtooneanotherforthefirsttimeshowconsiderablehostilitybecause,intheabsenceofasocialorder,onemustbeestablishedtocontrolinteranimalrelationships.Whenasinglenewanimalisintroducedintoanexistingsocialorganization,thenewcomermeetsevermoreseriousaggression.Whereasinthefirstcaseaggressionestablishesasocialorder,inthesecondcaseresidentanimalsmobtheintruder,therebyinitiallyexcludingthenewanimalfromtheexistingsocialunit.Thesimultaneousintroductionofseveralanimalslessenstheeffect,ifonlybecausethegroupdividesitsattentionamongthemultipletargets.If,however,theseveralanimalsintroducedtoagroupconstitutetheirownsocialunit,eachgroupmayfighttheopposinggroupasaunit;but,again,noindividualissubjectedtomassattack,andtheverycohesionofthegroupsprecludesprolongedindividualcombat.Thesubmissionofthedefeatedgroup,ratherthanunleashinguncheckedaggressiononthepartofthevictoriousgroup,reducesboththeintensityandfrequencyoffurtherattack.Monkeygroupsthereforeseemtobeorganizedprimarilytomaintaintheirestablishedsocialorderratherthantoengageinhostilitiesperse.

1.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith________.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthefindingsreportedinthepassageabouttheeffectsoffooddeprivationonmonkey’sbehavior?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhatinvestigatorsofmonkey’ssocialbehaviorhavebeenespeciallyinterestedinaggressivebehavioramongmonkeysbecause________.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheestablishmentandpreservationofsocialorderamongagroupofmonkeysisessentialinorderto________.

問題1選項

A.advancinganewmethodologyforchangingamonkey’ssocialbehavior

B.comparingthemethodsofseveralresearchstudiesonaggressionamongmonkeys

C.discussingthedevelopmentofinvestigators1theoriesaboutaggressionamongmonkeys

D.examiningtheeffectsofcompetitiononmonkey’ssocialbehavior

問題2選項

A.Fooddeprivationincreasesaggressionamongmonkeysbecauseoneofthemostpotentstimuliforelicitingaggressionisthecompetitionforincentives.

B.Fooddeprivationmayincreaselong-termaggressionamongmonkeysinalaboratorysetting,butitproducesonlytemporaryincreasesamongmonkeysinthewild.

C.Fooddeprivationmaytemporarilyincreaseaggressionamongmonkeys,butitalsoleadstoadecreaseinconflict.

D.Fooddeprivationdecreasestheintensitybutnotthefrequencyofaggressiveincidentsamongmonkeys.

問題3選項

A.aggressionisthemostcommonsocialbehavioramongmonkeys

B.successfulcompetitionforincentivesdeterminesthesocialorderinamonkeygroup

C.mostmonkeysarepotentiallyaggressive,yettheyliveinsocialunitsthatcouldnotfunctionwithoutcontroloftheiraggressiveimpulses

D.mostmonkeysaresocial,yettheyfrequentlyrespondtonewcomersenteringexistingsocialunitsbyattackingthem

問題4選項

A.keepthemonkeysfromstrayingandjoiningothergroups

B.controlaggressivebehavioramonggroupmembers

C.preventthedominationofthatgroupbyanother

D.preventaggressivecompetitionforincentivesbetweenthatgroupandanother

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:【選項釋義】

Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith________.本文作者主要關(guān)注的是________。

A.advancinganewmethodologyforchangingamonkey’ssocialbehaviorA.提出了改變猴子社會行為的新方法

B.comparingthemethodsofseveralresearchstudiesonaggressionamongmonkeysB.比較幾種研究猴子攻擊性的方法

C.discussingthedevelopmentofinvestigators1theoriesaboutaggressionamongmonkeysC.討論研究人員關(guān)于猴子間攻擊性的理論的發(fā)展

D.examiningtheeffectsofcompetitiononmonkey’ssocialbehaviorD.考查競爭對猴子社會行為的影響

【答案】C

【考查點】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】文章第一段講述研究人員對猴子間的攻擊性很感興趣（struckbymonkey’saggressivepotential），并且展開調(diào)查（firstinvestigations）；第二段講述研究人員最初的觀點（Investigatorsinitiallybelieved），這個觀點在實驗中（experimentslikeSouthwick’s）受到質(zhì)疑（doubted）；第三段講述對野生動物和靈長類群體攻擊性的研究（Studies）和得到的證據(jù)（evidence）；第四段解釋研究結(jié)果（Thesestudiesofintruderssuggest）。綜上所述，本文圍繞研究猴子間攻擊性的過程為中心展開討論，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“提出了改變猴子社會行為的新方法”：文中沒有提到此新方法，屬于無中生有；

B選項“比較幾種研究猴子攻擊性的方法”：文中沒有對這些方法進行比較，屬于無中生有；

D選項“考查競爭對猴子社會行為的影響”：競爭是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，屬于以偏概全。

第2題:【選項釋義】

Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthefindingsreportedinthepassageabouttheeffectsoffooddeprivationonmonkey’sbehavior?以下哪個選項最恰當?shù)乜偨Y(jié)了文章中缺乏食物對猴子行為影響的發(fā)現(xiàn)？

A.Fooddeprivationincreasesaggressionamongmonkeysbecauseoneofthemostpotentstimuliforelicitingaggressionisthecompetitionforincentives.A.缺乏食物會增強猴子的攻擊性，因為激發(fā)攻擊性的最有力刺激之一是對競爭的獎勵。

B.Fooddeprivationmayincreaselong-termaggressionamongmonkeysinalaboratorysetting,butitproducesonlytemporaryincreasesamongmonkeysinthewild.B.在實驗室環(huán)境中，缺乏食物可能會增強猴子的長期攻擊性，但在野生環(huán)境中只會導致暫時的增強。

C.Fooddeprivationmaytemporarilyincreaseaggressionamongmonkeys,butitalsoleadstoadecreaseinconflict.C.缺乏食物可能會暫時增強猴子之間的攻擊性，但也會導致沖突的減少。

D.Fooddeprivationdecreasestheintensitybutnotthefrequencyofaggressiveincidentsamongmonkeys.D.缺乏食物降低了猴子攻擊事件的強度，但沒有降低頻率。

【答案】C

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞fooddeprivation定位到第二段倒數(shù)一、二句，該處講到“減少空間或不給猴子喂食（withholding），只能暫時增強（temporaryincreases）猴子群體內(nèi)部的攻擊性。事實上（Indeed），缺乏食物不僅沒有增強攻擊性（failedtoincreaseaggression），而且在某些情況下實際上導致了攻擊頻率的降低（decreasedfrequenciesofaggression）?！?，結(jié)合第三段第一句“對極端缺乏食物條件下的野生動物的研究同樣表明（likewiserevealed），饑餓的猴子幾乎沒有剩余的能量用于攻擊性互動（littleenergyremainingforaggressiveinteraction）。”，可知缺乏食物可能會在短期增強攻擊性，但會導致沖突減少，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“缺乏食物會增強猴子的攻擊性，因為激發(fā)攻擊性的最有力刺激之一是對競爭的獎勵”：對應(yīng)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“獎勵對競爭的激勵作用開始受到懷疑（themotivatingforceofcompetitionforincentivesbegantobedoubted）”，可知這里的激勵作用受到質(zhì)疑，不是真實的，屬于反向干擾；

B選項“在實驗室環(huán)境中，缺乏食物可能會增強猴子的長期攻擊性，但在野生環(huán)境中只會導致暫時的增強”：缺乏食物在長期來看，會降低攻擊性，對于野生環(huán)境同樣適用，屬于反向干擾；

D選項“缺乏食物降低了猴子攻擊事件的強度，但沒有降低頻率”：對應(yīng)第二段最后一句“缺乏食物在某些情況下實際上導致了攻擊頻率的降低（decreasedfrequenciesofaggression）”，可知降低了攻擊頻率，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:【選項釋義】

Thepassagesuggeststhatinvestigatorsofmonkey’ssocialbehaviorhavebeenespeciallyinterestedinaggressivebehavioramongmonkeysbecause________.這篇文章表明，猴子社會行為的研究人員對猴子的攻擊性行為特別感興趣，因為________。

A.aggressionisthemostcommonsocialbehavioramongmonkeysA.攻擊性是猴子最常見的社會行為

B.successfulcompetitionforincentivesdeterminesthesocialorderinamonkeygroupB.為獎勵而競爭決定了猴群中的社會秩序

C.mostmonkeysarepotentiallyaggressive,yettheyliveinsocialunitsthatcouldnotfunctionwithoutcontroloftheiraggressiveimpulsesC.大多數(shù)猴子具有潛在的攻擊性，然而，它們生活在社會群體中，如果不控制它們的攻擊性沖動，社會群體就不能正常運轉(zhuǎn)

D.mostmonkeysaresocial,yettheyfrequentlyrespondtonewcomersenteringexistingsocialunitsbyattackingthemD.大多數(shù)猴子是群居的，但它們經(jīng)常對進入已存在的社會群體的新來者進行攻擊

【答案】C

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞interestedinaggressivebehavior定位到第一段第一句，該處講到“研究猴子社會行為的研究人員一直被猴子的潛在攻擊性（monkey’saggressivepotential）以及隨之而來的對其攻擊性行為進行社會控制的需要（needforsocialcontroloftheiraggressivebehavior）所吸引（struck）”，可知研究人員猴子的攻擊性行為感興趣的原因是，它們具有潛在的攻擊性，并且需要控制攻擊沖動，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“攻擊性是猴子最常見的社會行為”：文中沒有提到猴子最常見的社會行為是攻擊性行為，屬于無中生有；

B選項“為獎勵而競爭決定了猴群中的社會秩序”：文中沒有提到為了得到獎勵而競爭決定了猴群中的社會秩序，屬于無中生有；

D選項“大多數(shù)猴子是群居的，但它們經(jīng)常對進入現(xiàn)有的社會群體的新來者進行攻擊”：對應(yīng)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“引發(fā)攻擊的最有效刺激之一（mostpotentstimuliforelicitingaggression）是將入侵者引入一個有組織的群體”以及第四段第二句“當一只新動物進入一個已存在的社會組織時，新來者會遇到更嚴重的攻擊（thenewcomermeetsevermoreseriousaggression）?！?，可知這是在說猴子在什么時候最具有攻擊性，而不是研究人員對猴子的攻擊性感興趣的原因，屬于偷換概念。

第4題:【選項釋義】

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheestablishmentandpreservationofsocialorderamongagroupofmonkeysisessentialinorderto________.從文章中可以推斷出，為了________，在一群猴子中建立和維護社會秩序必不可少。

A.keepthemonkeysfromstrayingandjoiningothergroupsA.防止猴子走失并加入其他群體

B.controlaggressivebehavioramonggroupmembersB.控制群體成員的攻擊性行為

C.preventthedominationofthatgroupbyanotherC.防止一個群體被另一個群體控制

D.preventaggressivecompetitionforincentivesbetweenthatgroupandanotherD.防止不同群體之間為獎勵而激烈競爭

【答案】A

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞socialorder定位到第四段第一句，該處講到“必須建立社會秩序以控制動物之間的關(guān)系（controlinteranimalrelationships）”，結(jié)合該段第三句“在第二種有社會制度的情況下，群體中的動物則會圍攻新來者，從而在開始便將新來者驅(qū)逐出現(xiàn)有的社會群體（initiallyexcludingthenewanimal）。”，可知建立和維護社會秩序是為了不讓猴子加入外部族群，因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“控制群體成員的攻擊性行為”：屬于無中生有；

C選項“防止一個群體被另一個群體控制”：文中沒有提到群體之間的控制，屬于無中生有；

D選項“防止不同群體之間為獎勵而激烈競爭”：文中沒有提到群體之間因為獎勵而競爭，屬于無中生有。

6.單選題

Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid（）.

問題1選項

A.frombeingbeaten

B.beingbeaten

C.beating

D.tobebeaten

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞搭配辨析。句意：在國際比賽中，聲望是如此重要，唯一重要的就是避免被擊敗。avoid后面接動名詞，avoiddoing，避免做某事，排除A，D；被擊敗應(yīng)該是被動語態(tài)，beating是動名詞的主動式，排除C。因此B選項正確。

7.翻譯題

Noyoungmanbelievesheshalleverdie.ThereisafeelingofEternityinyouth,whichmakesusamendsforeverything.TobeyoungistobeoneoftheImmortalGods.Onehalfoftimeindeedisflown-theotherhalfremainsinstoreforuswithallitscountlesstreasures;forthereisonlinedrawn,andweseenolimittoourhopesandwishes.Wemakethecomingageourown.“Thevast,theunboundedprospectliesbeforeus.”Welookroundinanewworld,fulloflife,andmotion,andceaselessprogress;andfeelinourselvesallthevigorandspirittokeeppacewithit,anddonotforeseefromanypresentsymptomshowweshallbeleftbehindinthenaturalcourseofthings,declineintooldage,anddropintothegrave.

【答案】沒有年輕人相信自己會死去。青春有一種永恒的感覺，能彌補所有的一切。年輕就像不朽之神。誠然，生命的一半已經(jīng)消逝，但蘊藏著不盡財富的另一半還有所保留，因為我們始終抱著無限的希望和愿望。未來的時代完全屬于我們?！盁o限遼闊的遠景在我們面前展現(xiàn)。”我們看到四周一派新天地——生機盎然，無限變換，日新月異；我們覺得自己充滿活力，精神飽滿，與夢想并駕齊驅(qū)。而且，眼前也無任何跡象可以證明，在大自然的發(fā)展過程中，我們自己也會落后，變得變老，進入墳?zāi)埂?/p>

8.單選題

ItsuddenlyoccurredtoAnnethatmoneycouldn't（）allthatBobhadsufferedinthepastfiveyears.

問題1選項

A.liveupto

B.makeout

C.livethrough

D.makeupfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。liveupto“踐行”；makeout“理解，辨認出”；livethrough“度過，經(jīng)受過”；makeupfor“彌補”。句意：Anne突然明白金錢不能彌補Bob在過去五年里的遭遇。D項符合題意。

9.翻譯題

Hewastakentothehugemedievalfortressattheharbour’smouth.Hefoundprisonlifefairlyendurable.Hiscellwasdampanddark,andthefoodwasbadandinsufficient;buthissistersoonobtainedpermissiontosendhimallthenecessariesoflifefromhome.HewaskeptinsolitaryconfinementandfailedtoobtainanyexplanationofthecauseofhisarrestNeverthelessthetranquilframeofmindinwhichhehadenteredthefortressdidnotchange.Notbeingallowedbooks,hespenthistimeinprayeranddevoutmeditation,andwaitedwithoutimpatienceforthefurthercourseofevents.

【答案】他被帶進港口那個巨大的中世紀城堡里。他覺得監(jiān)獄生活相當難過。他的牢房既潮濕又黑暗，食物很難吃而且吃不飽；但是他姐姐很快就獲準從家里給他送來了所有的生活必需品。他被單獨關(guān)押，而且沒能查明逮捕他的原因。然而，他進入城堡時那種平靜的心境并沒有改變。由于不允許看書，他就通過祈禱和沉思度日，耐心等待事件的進一步發(fā)展。

10.單選題

IcelandliesfarnorthintheAtlantic,withitsnorthernmosttipactually

theArcticCircle.

問題1選項

A.touched

B.touching

C.beingtouched

D.touches

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)前半部分內(nèi)容可知句子已經(jīng)有謂語部分，因此空格處不可能再出現(xiàn)謂語形式，因此可知只能選擇非謂語動詞。再判斷出Iceland與ArcticCircle是主動關(guān)系，因此選項B符合題意。句意：冰島位于大西洋北部，最北端與北極圈相接。

11.單選題

Thisbook,______onlyappearedayearago,hasalreadygonethroughseveraleditions.

問題1選項

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限定性定語從句。根據(jù)這個句子可知主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格部分為定語從句；因為主語books后面有逗號，所以這是一個非限制性定語從句且先行詞為物，故排除A、D選項；C項when在非限制性定語從句中作時間狀語，不符合先行詞books；故只有B項正確。句意：這本書一年前才面市，就已經(jīng)修訂好幾次了。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

12.單選題

Weofferawidevarietyofservicestofityourrequest,（）webdesign,graphicdesign,webdevelopment,oranythingelse.

問題1選項

A.whethertheybe

B.whetheritbe

C.wouldtheybe

D.woulditbe

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們提供各種各樣的服務(wù)，以滿足您的要求，無論是網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計，圖形設(shè)計，網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)，或任何其他。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示的是“無論….”，可首先排除選項C和選項D；其次，原句中并列的幾個選擇性詞組都是單數(shù)形式，所以這里的代詞也應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)，選項B為正確答案。

13.單選題

ThemysteriousspokesinSaturn's（土星）ringsmaybecreatedbymassivethunderstormsintheplanet’satmosphere.Ifthetheoryisright,thesefaintfeaturesarethesignatureofawesomeevents:lightningstrokesaretenthousandtimesmoreenergeticthanthoseonEarthreleasingbeamsofelectronsthatsurgeupfromSaturnssurfacetowhack（重擊）intotheringsandblastoutjetsofelectricallychargeddust.

Theidea,proposedbyGeraintJonesoftheMaxPlanckInstituteforSolarSystemResearchinKatlenburg-Lindau,Germany,andhiscolleaguesinGeophysicalResearchLetters,remainsspeculative.Noonehaseverseenstorm-inducedelectronbeamsonSaturn.Buttheresearcherssaythatthetheorywouldexplainsomepuzzlingfeaturesofthespokes,andthatitfitswithwhatisknownabouttheeffectsofthunderstormsonEarth.

ThespokesofSaturn’sringswerefirstdiscoveredbytheVoyagerIandIIspacecraftwhentheypassedclosetothegasgiantplanetin1980and1981.Thespokesare“averycomplexphenomenon,andadifficultthingtountangle”,saysCarolynPorcooftheSpaceScienceInstituteinBoulder,Colorado,whowasthefirstpersontoworkonthesemysteriousfeaturesbackintheVoyagerdays.

Thespokesappearasbrightordarkstreaksabout100kmwideandupto20,000kmlongthatcrosstherings,makingthemlookasthoughtheyhavebeensmearedbyagiantfinger.Theyaretransient,buildingupoveraperiodofafewhoursandthendisappearingagainseveralhourslater.Andtheyaren’talwaysthereatall:between1998and2004,whenNASA’sCassinispacecraftreachedtheplanet,therewasnosignofany.SpokesreappearedinSeptember2005,whenCassinitooksnapshotsofthem.

Researchersagreethatthespokesaremadeofdustgrainsthathavebecomeelectricallychargedandarepushedupoutoftheringsinlongstreamersbyelectrostaticrepulsion（靜電排斥）.Buttheydon’tknowwhatcausesthecharging.

Onetheoryisthatthishappenswhenmeteoritesplowintotheringsandwhipupacloudofchargedplasma（等離子區(qū)），whichthenchargesuptherings’dustparticles.Butthis,saysJones,can’texplainwhythespokesbuildupgraduallyit’simplausible（難信的）thatseveralmeteoriteswouldstriketheringsinthesameplaceinclosesuccession.

AnalternativeexplanationisbasedonthewaythatthunderstormsonEarthcangenerateelectronbeamsintheupperatmosphere.Whileregularlightningboltstravelbetweencloudsandthegroundbelow,high-energyparticlesstreamingfromspacecalledcosmicrayscantriggerelectrondischargesabovetheclouds.TheseelectronsstreamoutwardsintospacealongthefieldlinesoftheEarth’magneticfield.Thiscanproduceflashesofgammaraysaswellasglowingatmosphericfeaturescalledsprites.

ThunderstormsarealsoknowntohappenwithinthethickatmosphereofSaturn,andJonesandcolleaguessaythatthesearelikelytohavethesameeffect—cosmicrayscomingintowardsSaturnshouldlikewiseformoutgoingelectronbeamsthatcouldhittherings,chargingupdustgrains.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaybetheauthor’sview?

2.ItwasCarolynPorcowhofirstworkedon（）.

3.Whydidn’tCassinigetthesignofspokeswhenitreachedSaturnbetween1998and2004?

4.Ifthefirsttheoryaboutchargingistrue,（）.

5.Itisbelievedthatthunderstorms（）.

問題1選項

A.Thunderstormshavegreatdestructiveforce.

B.Saturn’sspokesmaybemadebylightning.

C.Saturnexplorationwillbecontinued.

D.Spokesareacommonphenomenoningalaxy.

問題2選項

A.themysteriousphenomenaintheuniverse

B.thefeaturesofspacescience

C.voyagerspacecraft

D.thespokesofSaturn’srings

問題3選項

A.Becausethespokesaretransient.

B.Becausethespokescanhardlybeseen.

C.BecauseCassiniwasnotcloseenoughtoSaturn.

D.Becausethespokesweretoodarktobeseenatthattime.

問題4選項

A.theremustbechargeddustparticlesaroundtheringsofSaturn

B.theremustbeacloudofchargedplasmacreatedbyseveralmeteorites

C.theremustbemeteoritesplowingintotheringsofSaturn

D.theremustbeseveralmeteoritesstrikingtheringsinthesameplaceinclosesuccession

問題5選項

A.cancreateflashesofgammarays

B.mayhappenwithinthethickatmosphereofSaturn

C.mayinterferewiththemagneticfieldofSaturn

D.canblastoutjetsofelectricallychargeddust

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章第一二段對土星外的那層光環(huán)進行了一些猜測，但是這些也僅僅是猜測，并沒有任何證據(jù)能證實，因此選項C“對火星的探索還將繼續(xù)”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第一句話提到CarolynPorco是第一個在關(guān)于土星光環(huán)這個神秘特征上做工作的（thefirstpersontoworkonthesemysteriousfeaturesbackintheVoyagerdays）。選項A符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章第四段第二句提到這些光環(huán)是短暫的，一會出現(xiàn)，一會又不見了（theyaretransient,buildingupoveraperiodofafewhoursandthendisappearingagainseveralhourslater），因此選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。文章倒數(shù)第三段提到這些理論不能解釋這些光環(huán)為什么逐漸出現(xiàn)（Butthis,saysJones,can’texplainwaythespokesbuildupgradually–it’simplausiblethatseveralmeteoriteswouldstriketheringsinthesameplaceinclosesuccession），因此選項D符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到宇宙射線能夠引發(fā)電子在云層之上放電（high-energyparticlesstreamingfromspacecalledcosmicrayscantriggerelectrondischargesabovetheclouds），選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

ThemyththatUnitedStatesisnotopentoconcernsfromoutsidehasbeen______atastroke.

問題1選項

A.demolished

B.precluded

C.kindled

D.hampered

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項demolish“拆除，破壞，推翻，駁倒”，B項preclude“排除，妨礙，阻止”，C項kindle“點燃，著火，激起，照亮”，D項hamper“妨礙，束縛，使困累”。由myth“神話”和atastroke“一下子”可知，“推翻”符合語境。句意：美國不會對外開放的神話一下子就被推翻了。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

15.單選題

Hetoldmethatthenumberofstudentsattendingthemeeting（

）over100.

問題1選項

A.are

B.were

C.is

D.was

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他告訴我參加會議的學生人數(shù)超過了100人。

語法題?？疾橹髦^一致。此句為賓語從句。賓語從句的主語為thenumber,因此其謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。而且主句的時態(tài)為一般過去時,所以賓語從句時態(tài)與主句保持一致。故選D。

16.單選題

Whatistheproperbalancebetweenthecultureheritageandtheglobalizationthatthreatensto（

）theworldinonemodel?

問題1選項

A.classify

B.justify

C.purify

D.unify

【答案】D

【解析】classify分類，分等；justify證明合法，替……辯護；purify凈化，使純凈；unify統(tǒng)一，使一致。句意：文化遺產(chǎn)和威脅世界統(tǒng)一成一種模式的全球化之間的適當平衡是什么？選項D符合句意。

17.單選題

PresidentBarackObamahasbeenexcoriatedfordeclaringthat“wedon'thaveastrategyyet”foreffectivelyconfrontingtheIslamicStategroup.IncriticizingObamafortakingtoomuchtim