書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京航空航天大學(xué)金城學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Restrainthemselvesfromhigh-riskinvestments.

B.Saveone-fifthoftheirnetmonthlyincome.

C.Investshrewdlyinlucrativebusinesses.

D.Trytoearnasmuchmoneyaspossible.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Startbydoingsomethingsmall.

B.Askaclosefriendforadvice.

C.Trytosticktotheirinitialplan.

D.Cut20%oftheirdailyspending.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anoptimisticattitude.

B.Anambitiousplan.

C.Apropermindset.

D.Akeeninterest.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

【解析】PassageOne

Toachievefinancialsecurity,howmuchyousaveisalwaysmoreimportantthantheamountyouearnorhowshrewdlyyouinvest.[9]Ifyou’reunder30yearsold,yourgoalshouldbetosave20%ofyourmonthlyincomeaftertaxdeductions.Thisisirrespectiveofhowmuchyouearn.Approximately50%shouldbereservedforessentialslikefoodandaccommodation.Theremaining30%isforrecreationandentertainment.Butformanyyoungpeople,it’llbedifficulttodesignatesuchalargeproportionoftheirincomeforsavings.[10]Ifyoufindithardtosaveanymoneyatall,startbycuttingallunnecessaryspending.Allocateatinyamountofoneortwopercentforsavingsandgraduallyincreasethatamount.Alwayskeepthat20%goalinmindtopreventyourselffrombecomingcomplacent.Itcanbechallengingtosticktosuchastrictplan.[11]Butifyouadopttherightmindset,youshouldbeabletomakeitworkforyou.Sowhatshouldyoubedoingwiththemoneythatyou’resaving?Somemustbekepteasilyaccessibleincaseyouneedsomecashinanemergency.Thelargestproportionshouldbeinvestedinretirementplanseitherthroughyouremployerorprivately.Andyoucankeepsomemoneyforhighriskbutpotentiallylucrativeinvestments.Dividendscanbereinvestedorusedtopurchasesomethingyoulike.Byfollowingthisplan,youshouldhopefullybeabletoenjoyyourlifenowandstillbefinanciallysecureinthefuture.

9.Whatarepeopleunderthirtyadvisedtodotoachievefinancialsecurity?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)30歲以下的人要做些什么來(lái)獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障？錄音開(kāi)頭提到，如果你不到30歲，你的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該是在扣除每月收入的稅款后，將其中的20%存起來(lái)，B選項(xiàng)“把每月凈收入的五分之一存起來(lái)”，其中one-fifth是對(duì)錄音中20%的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“避免高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資”，錄音中說(shuō)的是，你可以存一些錢(qián)用于高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)但可能有高回報(bào)的投資，選項(xiàng)與原文表述不符，因此不正確；C選項(xiàng)“精明地投資利潤(rùn)豐厚的企業(yè)”和D選項(xiàng)“努力賺盡可能多的錢(qián)”，錄音開(kāi)頭就提到，為獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障，存錢(qián)比賺錢(qián)和投資更加重要，因此均可排除。

10.Whatshouldpeopledoiftheyfinditdifficulttofollowthespeaker’sadviceontheirfinancialplan?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于說(shuō)話者提供的財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃建議，如果人們很難去執(zhí)行，那么他們應(yīng)該做什么？錄音中提到，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)存錢(qián)很難，那就從削減所有不必要的開(kāi)支開(kāi)始，A選項(xiàng)“從小事做起”與原文表述最為相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“向親密的朋友尋求建議”和C選項(xiàng)“盡力堅(jiān)持他們最初的計(jì)劃”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除；D項(xiàng)“削減20%的日常開(kāi)支”，錄音中說(shuō)的是削減不必要的開(kāi)支，選項(xiàng)意思與錄音表述不符，因此不正確。

11.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkisimportantforachievingfinancialsecurity?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為什么對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障很重要？錄音中提到，如果你采取了正確的心態(tài)（adopttherightmindset），那么如此嚴(yán)格的財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃就能發(fā)揮作用，也就是能夠幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障，因此C選項(xiàng)“恰當(dāng)?shù)男膽B(tài)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一種樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度”；B選項(xiàng)“一份雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃”和D選項(xiàng)“一種濃厚的興趣”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

2.單選題

Wecan（

）broadlybetweentheintentionofknowing,andtheintentionofdoing,whichcorrespondroughlytotheconventionaldistinctionbetweenpureandappliedmathematics.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.separate

B.extinguish

C.distinguish

D.disguise

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞辨析。separate“隔離”；extinguish“壓制”；distinguish“區(qū)分”；disguise“偽裝”。句意：我們可以大致區(qū)分為求知意圖和行為意圖，大約對(duì)應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)對(duì)純理論數(shù)學(xué)和應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)的區(qū)分。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

Lungcancerhasnowexceededbreastcancerasa____killerofAmericanwomen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preliminary

B.primary

C.potential

D.physical

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.preliminary初步的B.primary主要的

C.potential潛在的D.physical身體的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】修飾語(yǔ)與被修飾語(yǔ)的搭配

【解題思路】空格前后語(yǔ)義為“肺癌已經(jīng)超過(guò)乳腺癌成為美國(guó)女性的____殺手”?？崭裉幩钤~修飾的對(duì)象為“殺手”，根據(jù)句意，原文指的是，肺癌是美國(guó)女性去世的可能原因，C選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的”符合原文前后搭配。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的”，與“殺手（killer）”搭配不當(dāng)；

B選項(xiàng)primary“主要的”，原文沒(méi)有足夠的語(yǔ)義說(shuō)明，肺癌是美國(guó)女性死亡的主要原因，而只要她們可能因肺癌去世就可以說(shuō)“潛在原因”，因此，C選項(xiàng)更合適；

D選項(xiàng)physical“身體的”，與“殺手（killer）”搭配不當(dāng)。

【句意】肺癌已經(jīng)超過(guò)乳腺癌成為美國(guó)女性的潛在殺手。

4.單選題

（

）downthanthetelephonerang.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.NotuntilIlay

B.NosoonerhadIlain

C.HardlyhadIlain

D.ScarcelydidIlie

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。lie“躺；位于”，其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞分別是：lay,lain,lying；lay“放，擱，下蛋”，其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞分別是：laid,laid,laying。句意：我剛躺下，電話就響了。Nosonner…than…為固定句式，且前半句需要部分倒裝，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Onceyouhavefinishedreadingthesedocumentsfromourconsultant,wewouldliketohaveyouropinionregardingthevalueoftheadvicesreceivedsofar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Onceyouhave

B.regarding

C.valueoftheadvices

D.sofar

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】E

6.單選題

Onedifficulty___thecomponentsofeconomicmovementsliesinthefactthatthosecomponentsarenotcompletelyindependentofoneanother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofisolation

B.inisolating

C.willisolate

D.toisolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Onedifficulty為主語(yǔ)，liesin謂語(yǔ)，thefact賓語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，___thecomponentsofeconomicmovements為定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)。本句已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，則C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)代入句子中會(huì)在一個(gè)句子內(nèi)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，導(dǎo)致句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤；difficulty后常接“in+v-ing”作定語(yǔ)，in有時(shí)可省去，不用動(dòng)詞不定式，則排除A，D選項(xiàng)。句意：孤立經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的各個(gè)組成部分的一個(gè)困難在于，這些組成部分并不是完全相互獨(dú)立的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrewolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,threw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLillianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof.”

Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings.Thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillinggolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.Whensexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstep-itmovesin,accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.

Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.

Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.

1.Aftertheageof40,（

）.

2.FromHellman'sremark,wecanseethat（

）.

3.TishSommersarguesthat

（

）.

4.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans

（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs

B.manyworkerstendtosticktotheirpresentjobs

C.peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbefore

D.peoplestillwishtohuntfoxmoresuitablejobs

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeople

B.thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansociety

C.olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeople

D.thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.olderwomenusuallyhardtoescapepoverty

B.olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobs

C.themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexism

D.morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeople

B.livebelowthepovertyline

C.havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsociety

D.nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericans

B.believesthatthevalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognition

C.attemptstojustifytheyouth—oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStates

D.arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or70

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的二三句“Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.”40歲以后，找工作變得更加困難。許多人寧愿待在因?yàn)樽约耗昙o(jì)太大而無(wú)法勝任的工作崗位上，也不愿面對(duì)可能的拒絕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Hellman”定位到第一段最后一句，用作家LillianHellman的話來(lái)說(shuō)，他們擁有“我們無(wú)法利用的隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)而來(lái)的智慧”。再根據(jù)選項(xiàng)來(lái)推斷，選項(xiàng)A中的“fulluse”明顯錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B“年長(zhǎng)者的智慧沒(méi)有被美國(guó)社會(huì)所重視”，符合原文；選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒(méi)有提及。所以本題選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段，然而，許多老年婦女收入微薄，在退休后面臨貧困的未來(lái)。據(jù)英國(guó)國(guó)家婦女組織一項(xiàng)針對(duì)老年婦女的特別研究的負(fù)責(zé)人TishSommers說(shuō)，當(dāng)性別歧視與年齡歧視發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，貧困就不再近在咫尺——它正在向貧困逼近。也就是說(shuō)，年長(zhǎng)的女性通常很難擺脫貧困，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.”盡管進(jìn)入大公司并晉升的機(jī)會(huì)可能會(huì)減少，但許多老年人開(kāi)始成功的小生意，自愿參加令人滿(mǎn)意的活動(dòng)，并在多年來(lái)都保持著活躍。由此可知，老年人有新的機(jī)會(huì)在社會(huì)上保持活躍，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者主要表達(dá)的思想是美國(guó)社會(huì)忽略了年長(zhǎng)者的智慧，再根據(jù)最后一段末句“Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.”一個(gè)人在65歲或70歲生日前夕不會(huì)喪失能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，正如一個(gè)人在21歲時(shí)不會(huì)立即長(zhǎng)大一樣。也就是說(shuō)，作者相信老年人的價(jià)值正在獲得越來(lái)越多的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

8.單選題

Atmosphericpressurecansupportacolumnofwaterupto10metershigh.Butplantscanmovewatermuchhigher,thesequoiatreecanpumpwatertoitsverytop,morethan100metersabovetheground.Untiltheendofthenineteenthcentury,themovementofwaterintreesandothertallplantswasamystery.Somebotanistshypothesizedthatthelivingcellsofplantsactedaspump.Butmanyexperimentsdemonstratedthatthestemsofplantsinwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstillmovewatertoappreciableheights.Otherexplanationsforthemovementofwaterinplantshavebeenbasedonrootpressure,apushonthewaterfromtherootsatthebottomoftheplant.Butrootpressureisnotnearlygreatenoughtopushwatertothetopsoftalltrees.Furthermore,theconifers,whichareamongthetallesttrees,haveunusuallylowrootpressures.

IfWaterisnotpumpedtothetopofatalltree,andifitisnotpushedtothetopofatalltree,thenwemayask:Howdoesitgetthere?Accordingtothecurrentlyacceptedcohesion-tensiontheory,waterispulledthere.Thepullonarisingcolumnofwaterinaplantresultsfromtheevaporationofwateratthetopoftheplant.Aswaterislostfromthesurfaceoftheleaves,anegativepressure,ortension,iscreated.Theevaporatedwaterisreplacedbywatermovingfrominsidetheplantinunbrokencolumnsthatextendfromthetopofaplanttoitsroots.Thesameforcesthatcreatesurfacetensioninanysampleofwaterareresponsibleforthemaintenanceoftheseunbrokencolumnsofwater.Whenwaterisconfinedintubesofverysmallbore,theforcesofcohesion(theattractionbetweenwatermolecules)aresogreatthatthestrengthofacolumnofwatercompareswiththestrengthofasteelwireofthesamediameter.Thiscohesivestrengthpermitscolumnsofwatertobepulledtogreatheightswithoutbeingbroken.

1.Thepassageanswerswhichofthefollowingquestions?

2.Whatdothefirstexperimentsmentionedinparagraphoneprove?

3.Howdobotanistsknowthatrootpressureisnottheonlyforcethatmoveswaterinplants'?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatistheeffectofatmospherepressureonfoliage?

B.Whendodeadcellsharmplantgrowth?

C.Howdoeswatergettothetopsoftrees?

D.Whyisrootpressureweak?

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Plantstemsdiewhendeprivedofwater

B.Cellsinplantstemsdonotpumpwater

C.Plantscannotmovewatertohighaltitudes

D.Plantcellsregulatepressurewithinstems

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someverytalltreeshaveweakrootpressure

B.Rootpressuresdecreaseinwinter.

C.Plantscanliveaftertheirrootsdie.

D.Waterinplant’srootsisnotconnectedtowaterinitsstem.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Waterispushedtothetopsoftrees

B.Botanistshaveproventhatlivingcellsactaspumps

C.Atmosphericpressuredrawswatertothetopsoftalltrees

D.Botanistshavechangedtheirtheoriesofhowwatermovesinplants

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘這篇文章回答了下列哪個(gè)問(wèn)題?’根據(jù)第二段第一句中“IfWaterisnotpumpedtothetopofatalltree,andifitisnotpushedtothetopofatalltree,thenwemayask:Howdoesitgetthere?如果水不是被泵到高樹(shù)的樹(shù)頂，也不是被推到樹(shù)頂，那么我們會(huì)問(wèn)：它是怎樣到達(dá)樹(shù)頂?shù)哪?？”以及第二段第二句‘Accordingtothecurrentlyacceptedcohesion-tensiontheory,waterispulledthere.’最近公認(rèn)的內(nèi)聚壓力理論解答了“水移動(dòng)到樹(shù)頂端的原因。”確定C選項(xiàng)“水如何到達(dá)樹(shù)的頂端”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘第一段中提到的第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了什么?’根據(jù)第一段中“Butmanyexperimentsdemonstratedthatthestemsofplants,inwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstillmovewatertoappreciableheights.但許多實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，在殺死所有細(xì)胞的植物莖干中，水仍然可以移動(dòng)到相當(dāng)高的高度。”確定B選項(xiàng)“植物的莖的細(xì)胞不能抽水”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘植物學(xué)家是如何知道根壓并不是推動(dòng)植物水分流動(dòng)的唯一力量的?’根據(jù)第一段中“Butrootpressureisnotnearlygreatenoughtopushwatertothetopsoftalltrees.Furthermore,theconifers,whichareamongthetallesttrees,haveunusuallylowrootpressures.但根壓完全不足以將水推到樹(shù)頂。此外，作為最高樹(shù)木之一的針葉樹(shù)，其根壓也低得異乎尋常?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“一些非常高的樹(shù)木有微弱的壓力”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘這篇文章支持下列哪個(gè)陳述?’根據(jù)第二段中“Accordingtothecurrentlyacceptedcohesion-tensiontheory,waterispulledthere.根據(jù)目前為人們所接受的內(nèi)聚壓力的理論，水是被拉到上面去的?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)“植物學(xué)家已經(jīng)改變他們有關(guān)水在植物中移動(dòng)的理論”正確；也由此知A選項(xiàng)“水是被推到樹(shù)的頂端的”和C選項(xiàng)“大氣壓力把水吸到高大樹(shù)木的頂端”不正確，排除；根據(jù)第一段中“Butmanyexperimentsdemonstratedthatthestemsofplants,inwhichallthecellsarekilledcanstillmovewatertoappreciableheights.但許多實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，在殺死所有細(xì)胞的植物莖干中，水仍然可以移動(dòng)到相當(dāng)高的高度?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“植物學(xué)家己經(jīng)證明活細(xì)胞能充當(dāng)泵”不正確。

9.單選題

Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto（

）betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.raise

B.promote

C.heighten

D.increase

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。raise“提高，籌集，養(yǎng)育”；promote“促進(jìn)，推動(dòng)”；heighten“提高，增高，使更顯著”；increase“增加，增大”。句意：政府正在努力促進(jìn)兩國(guó)之間更好的理解。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

I’mverygladtoknowthatmybosshasgenerouslyagreedto（

）mydebtinreturnforcertainservices.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeaway

B.cutout

C.writeoff

D.clearup

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我很高興得知老板慷慨地將我的債務(wù)（

），作為我為企業(yè)服務(wù)多年的一種回報(bào)。

takeaway:帶走，拿走，取走。cutout:切斷，刪去，關(guān)掉。writeoff勾銷(xiāo)，注銷(xiāo)，取消。clearup:清理，放晴，整理，打掃。因此C項(xiàng)符合句意,在這里表示“將我的債務(wù)一筆勾銷(xiāo)”。

11.單選題

ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe（）fromfalltowinter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transition

B.transmission

C.transformation

D.transfer

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。transition轉(zhuǎn)變，過(guò)渡，變遷；transmission傳播；transformation變化，轉(zhuǎn)換；transfer轉(zhuǎn)移。句意是：我很喜歡四季的交替，但我最喜歡秋到冬的（）。因此，A選項(xiàng)transition符合句意。

12.單選題

Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainlyon（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.response

B.impulse

C.instinct

D.consciousness

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)response“反應(yīng)，回答”；B選項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)instinct“本能，直覺(jué)”；D選項(xiàng)consciousness“意識(shí)，知覺(jué)”。句意：人類(lèi)的行為主要是學(xué)習(xí)的產(chǎn)物，而動(dòng)物的行為主要依靠本能。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

TheTVprogramisso（）thatIcan’tmovemyeyesawayfromthescreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.freestanding

B.devastating

C.compelling

D.fascinating

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這個(gè)電視節(jié)目如此吸引人,以至于我眼睛不能從屏幕上移開(kāi)。

考查形容詞辨析。freestanding獨(dú)立式的;devastating毀滅性的;compelling引人注目的,強(qiáng)制的,激發(fā)興趣的;fascinating迷人的,吸引人的,使人祌魂顛倒的。由后半句句意可知D正確。

14.翻譯題

世界上一些國(guó)家發(fā)生問(wèn)題，從根本上來(lái)說(shuō)，都是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)上不去，沒(méi)有飯吃，沒(méi)有衣穿，沒(méi)有房住，工資增長(zhǎng)被通貨膨脹抵消。

【答案】

Basically,problemsinsomecountriesarecausedbypooreconomy,nofoodandnoclothingandnoshelter.Meanwhile,wagegrowthisoffsetbyinflation,whichalsoresultsintheseproblems.

15.填空題

Peopleareoften（1）whentheyseethatIhavefiveumbrellasintheroom.Thetruthisthattheyaren’tallmine.Severalvisitorshave（2）umbrellasintheoffice.Idon'tknowwhythis（3）

happening.MaybeIshouldputupa（4）bythedoorremindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo.

大意:當(dāng)他們看見(jiàn)房間里有5把傘的時(shí)候，通常會(huì)感到困惑。真相是，不是所有的雨傘都是我的。很多來(lái)訪者遺留到辦公室的。我不知道為什么一直會(huì)這樣。也許，我應(yīng)該在門(mén)口貼張便利貼，以提醒他們走的時(shí)候帶上雨傘。

【答案】1.puzzled

2.left

3.keeps

4.note

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)句中“當(dāng)他們看見(jiàn)房間里有5把傘的時(shí)候”推測(cè),主句部分為:人們通常感到困惑。

2.詞匯題。句意:很多來(lái)訪者遺留到辦公室的。而且此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,即left。

3.詞匯題。句意:為什么這件事總在發(fā)生。空后為happening，因此填keep語(yǔ)義跟語(yǔ)法上都符合。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的remindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo以及前面的putup推測(cè)此處應(yīng)填note(便利貼)。

16.單選題

Johnwill（）ifthefirmneedsanITengineerbecausehecanencodeprogramsforthefirm.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeintohisown

B.comeintobeing

C.keeptohimself

D.holdthestage

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeintoone’sown“得到重視；得到自己該得的東西；受到尊敬；被承認(rèn)”；B選項(xiàng)comeintobeing“形成；產(chǎn)生”；C選項(xiàng)keeptooneself“保守秘密；不交際”；D選項(xiàng)holdthestage“繼續(xù)上演，引人注目；沒(méi)完沒(méi)了地講話；賣(mài)座不衰”。根據(jù)句意可推測(cè)，約翰會(huì)編程，因此當(dāng)公司需要信息技術(shù)工程師的時(shí)候，他就會(huì)被公司賞識(shí)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。句意：如果公司需要一名信息技術(shù)工程師，約翰會(huì)得到重視，因?yàn)樗梢詾楣揪帉?xiě)程序。

17.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines;theBug-EyedMonsterembodyingeveryfeaturethatmostpeoplefindrepulsive.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.Thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesintherelationbetweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,theaspectsofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudying—fornootherliteraryformdoesquitethesamethings.

Thequestionis:whatissciencefiction?Andtheanswermustbe,unfortunately,thattherehavebeenfewattemptstoconsiderthisquestionatanylengthorwithmuchseriousness;itmaywellbethatsciencefictionwillresistanycomprehensivedefinitionofitscharacteristics.Tosaythis,however,doesnotmeanthattherearenowaysofdefiningitnorthatvariousfacetsofitstotalitycannotbeclarified.Tobeginwith,thefollowingdefinitionshouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowtheimplicationsofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwithnecessarilybemodifiedandexpanded,andprobablychanged,inthecourseofthisexploration,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesapointsofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedorignoredinmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniseitherashortstoryoranovel.Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown;thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarge.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionthatistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral—thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcanbesaidaboutprosefictioningeneralappliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,whethershortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asettingcharacters,language,andtheme.Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticularcombinationofnarratorstory,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.

1.Sciencefictioniscalledaliterarysubgenrebecause______.

2.Theviewofsciencefictionencouragedbypulpmagazines,whilewrong,isnevertheless______.

3.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe______.

4.Theauthor’sdefinitionsuggeststhatallsciencefictiondealswith______.

5.Oneimplicationofthefinalsentenceinthepassageisthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotimportantenoughtobealiterarygenre

B.itcannotbemadeintoadramaticpresentation

C.tocallita“genre”wouldsubjectittoliteraryjargon

D.itsharescharacteristicswithothertypesofprosefiction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.popular

B.deranged

C.elegant

D.accurate

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.OntheInaccuraciesofPulpMagazines

B.ManandtheUniverse

C.TowardaDefinitionofScienceFiction

D.ATypeofProseFiction

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thesametopicsaddressedbynovelsandshortstories

B.theunfamiliarorunusual

C.KarelCapek’swell-knownpostulate

D.theconflictbetweenscienceandfiction

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.therearereasonsforenjoyingsciencefiction

B.thereadershouldturnnexttocommentariesongeneralfiction

C.thereisnoreasonforanyreadernottolikesciencefiction

D.thosewhocanreadandanalyzefictioncanalsodosowithsciencefiction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“科幻小說(shuō)之所以被稱(chēng)為文學(xué)流派分支是因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)第三段最后一句Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionthatistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral—thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.（科幻小說(shuō)是散文小說(shuō)的一個(gè)分支，也就是說(shuō)，它具有一般散文小說(shuō)的所有基本特征和基本功能，即它與其他所有的小說(shuō)和短篇故事有很多共同之處）可知，D項(xiàng)“它與其他類(lèi)型的散文小說(shuō)有共同的特點(diǎn)”正確；根據(jù)第一段Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines…Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.（許多人似乎認(rèn)為科幻小說(shuō)以一些老式低俗雜志的封面為代表……這是不幸的，因?yàn)樗H低了一個(gè)值得的，甚至是重要的文學(xué)努力）可知，科幻小說(shuō)是重要的文學(xué)努力，A項(xiàng)“它還不夠重要去成為一種文學(xué)體裁”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中的Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction（只有少數(shù)戲劇可以被稱(chēng)為科幻小說(shuō)）可知，科幻小說(shuō)可以以戲劇形式出現(xiàn)，B項(xiàng)“不能以戲劇的形式表演”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段第一句Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone（科幻小說(shuō)是文學(xué)的一個(gè)分支，這一點(diǎn)非常重要）可知，科幻小說(shuō)就是屬于文學(xué)流派分支，C項(xiàng)“稱(chēng)其為體裁會(huì)使它從屬于文學(xué)流派”也不符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“被低俗雜志推崇的科幻小說(shuō)這一的觀點(diǎn)盡管是錯(cuò)誤的，然而它卻是……”。根據(jù)第一段Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines.（許多人似乎認(rèn)為科幻小說(shuō)以一些老式低俗雜志的封面為代表）可知，這種觀點(diǎn)是非常普遍的，A項(xiàng)“流行的，普遍的”正確；B項(xiàng)“瘋狂的”、C項(xiàng)“優(yōu)雅的”和D項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)確的”表述都不夠準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題應(yīng)該是……”。通讀全文可知，文章主要是闡述科幻小說(shuō)的定義，即它和散文小說(shuō)有共同的特點(diǎn)，屬于文學(xué)流派的分支，故C項(xiàng)“科幻小說(shuō)的定義”最能概括全文；A項(xiàng)“關(guān)于低俗雜志的不準(zhǔn)確性”和D項(xiàng)“散文小說(shuō)的一種類(lèi)型”都只是部分提及；B項(xiàng)“人與宇宙”沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者的定義表明，所有科幻小說(shuō)都涉及……”。根據(jù)第三段最后一句ithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral—thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.（它具有一般散文小說(shuō)的所有基本特征和基本功能，即它與其他所有的小說(shuō)和短篇故事有很多共同之處）以及最后一段中的Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.（科幻小說(shuō)中的主題的構(gòu)建和呈現(xiàn)方式與其他任何類(lèi)型的小說(shuō)的主題處理方式完全相同）可以推斷，A項(xiàng)“與小說(shuō)和短篇故事一樣的主題”是正確的；B項(xiàng)“不常見(jiàn)的或者是不尋常的事物”和D項(xiàng)“科學(xué)和小說(shuō)間的沖突”在文中沒(méi)有根據(jù)；C項(xiàng)“KarelCapek著名的假設(shè)”，文中第三段只提到了Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown（只有少數(shù)戲劇可以被稱(chēng)為科幻小說(shuō)，其中KarelCapek的《Rossum’sUniversalRobots》是唯一著名的），可知C項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章最后一個(gè)句子的含義是……”。文章最后一句話是Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.（簡(jiǎn)而言之，閱讀和欣賞科幻小說(shuō)的原因，以及研究和分析科幻小說(shuō)的方式，基本上與閱讀其他故事或小說(shuō)的方式相同）可知，閱讀和欣賞科幻小說(shuō)的原因以及分析它的方式基本和其他故事或小說(shuō)的方式基本相同，因此可以反推，能夠閱讀和分析小說(shuō)的人也能讀科幻小說(shuō)，故D項(xiàng)“那些能讀和分析小說(shuō)的人也能讀科幻小說(shuō)”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“喜歡科幻小說(shuō)是有原因的”只是句子的一段信息，并不是該句的含義；B項(xiàng)“讀者應(yīng)該求助于一般小說(shuō)的評(píng)論”和C項(xiàng)“讀者沒(méi)有理由不喜歡科幻小說(shuō)”在本句沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Whenthedoctordoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeople（）andasksthemalotofquestions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atrandom

B.atlength

C.inessence

D.inbulk

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)atrandom“胡亂地；隨便地；隨意地”；B選項(xiàng)atlength“最后，終于；詳細(xì)地”；C選項(xiàng)inessence“本質(zhì)上；其實(shí)；大體上”；D選項(xiàng)inbulk“散裝；大量”。句意：當(dāng)醫(yī)生對(duì)人類(lèi)的大腦做一個(gè)綜合性實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，他隨意挑選人且問(wèn)他們很多問(wèn)題。結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidingintodeeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkitmarveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacingtheprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.

Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasaticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-consciousemployerswhoseek“can-dos”ratherthan“might-dos”,andwhofeelthatacademiahasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryoroftheemployers’possiblecontribution.

Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthereshouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegreeshouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomethingwrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsforthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertisecamefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.

Perhapscompaniesthatmadelargeinvestmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perchedanxiouslyontheirowninternalladders.TheInstituteofManagement’s1992survey,whichrevealedthateighty-onepercentofmanagersthoughttheypersonallywouldbemoreeffectiveiftheyreceivedmoretraining,suggeststhatthismightbethecase.Thereis,too,thefactthattrainingalonedoesnotmakesuccessfulmanagers.Theyneedtheinherentqualificationsofcharacter;adegreeofself-subjugation;and,aboveall,theabilitytocommunicateandlead;moresonow,whenempowermentisabuzzwordthatisatleastgeneratinggenuflexions,ifnottotalconviction.

Onecaneasilythinkofpeople,somecomparativelyunlettered,whoarenowlaudedcaptainsofindustry.Wemay,therefore,notneedtobetooconcernedaboutthefallinapplicationsforbusinessschoolplaces,oreventhedoubtaboutMBAs.Theproliferationandsubsequentquestioningmayhavebeenaninevitableevolution.IftheManagementCharterInitiative,nowexploringtheintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification,issuccessful,therewillbeapowerfulcorrective.

Webelievenowthatmanagementisallaboutchange.Onehopestherewillbesomeofthatinrelationshipbetweenmanag