考向47應(yīng)用文寫作之通知和演講或致辭通知題型解讀謀篇思路通知分為書面通知和口頭通知。英語書面通知比較正式而口頭通知所使用的語言有明顯的口語特征，通俗易懂。2018年高考全國卷Ⅱ考查通知第一步：明確是口頭通知還是書面通知，采用相應(yīng)的格式第二步：具體說明通知的內(nèi)容，主要包括時間、地點、人物、事由、注意事項等要點第三步：通知的結(jié)束語【背誦滿分靚句】1．MayIhaveyourattention,please?Ihaveanannouncementtomake.請大家注意，我要宣布一則通知。2．Attention,please!Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.請注意，我有重要的事要宣布。3．Thosewhoareinterestedinthecontestarewelcome.歡迎所有對競賽感興趣的人參加。4．Thosewhowanttotakepart/joinintheactivitypleasesignupattheStudentUnion.想?yún)⒓踊顒拥娜苏堅趯W(xué)生會報名。5．Therearevarietiesofout-of-classactivitiesinourschool,whichwecantakepartinafterclass.在我們學(xué)校有各種各樣的課外活動，我們課后可以參加。6．Youmustn't/Don'tmissthechance/opportunity.毋錯過機會。7．Makesurethatyoucomeontimeanddon'tbelate.務(wù)必準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)，不要遲到。8．Lookforwardtoyourparticipation.期待你的參與?！炯炎魇纠?2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Notice①AllthestudentsarewelcometowatchanEnglishshortfilm(歡迎所有學(xué)生觀看英文短片)GrowingTogether,whichisrelatedtothehistoryofourschool.②Ifyouarecuriousaboutthehistoryofourschoolorconcernedaboutitsfuture,don'tmisstheopportunity(如果你對我校的歷史好奇或關(guān)心我校的未來，不要錯過這個機會)!Asscheduled,thefilmwillbeshownintheschoolhallfrom2：00to3：00thisFridayafternoon.Weencourageanykindoffeedbackonthefilmfromourviewers.Hopefully,youcansendyouradviceoropinionstousbytheschoolQQorWeChat.③Lookforwardtoyourparticipation(期待你的參與)．StudentUnion演講/致辭題型解讀三段式謀篇思路演講稿、致辭等，是人們在生活和學(xué)習(xí)中常用的文體。發(fā)言稿常用于向聽眾說明一些道理，希望對方接受自己的見解。致辭是接待或歡送客人時，為表示歡迎、感謝或祝愿而進(jìn)行的發(fā)言文章首段：明確發(fā)言或致辭主題主體段落：(發(fā)言稿)分析問題展開論述；(致辭)說明活動安排或回顧以往活動文章尾段：(發(fā)言稿)提出解決問題的辦法或期待；(致辭)表示歡迎/感謝或祝愿【背誦滿分靚句】1．Mynameis...TodayIamverygladtohavetheopportunitytomakethispresentation.Ishallbespeakingabout...我是……今天很高興能有機會做這個演講。我演講的內(nèi)容是……2．Goodmorning,everyone!Itismygreathonourtosharewithyoumyopinionson...大家上午好！很榮幸能和你們分享一下關(guān)于……我的看法。3．Ladiesandgentlemen/Boysandgirls,I'm...I'mgreatlyhonouredtospeakhereonbehalfofmyschool.I'mgoingtotalkabout...女士們、先生們/同學(xué)們，我是……很榮幸代表我校在此演講。我要談?wù)摰氖恰?．Whatreallymatters/countsiswhetheryoucanconcentrateonyourlessons.真正要緊的是你是否能全神貫注于你的功課。5．Aboveall/Mostimportantofall,youshouldbelieveinyourself.最重要的是，你要相信自己。6．Itplayedanincreasinglyimportantrole/partinourlife.它在我們的生活中起著越來越重要的作用。7．That'sall.Thankyouforyourattention/listening.我的演講到此結(jié)束，謝謝大家。8．IhopeIhavemademyselfunderstood.我希望我已經(jīng)非常清楚地表達(dá)了我的意思?！炯炎魇纠縃ello,everyone.①It'sagreathonorformetogivemyspeechonRespectingtheElderly(我很榮幸做關(guān)于尊敬老人的演講)．WhatIwanttostressfirstlyisthattheelderlydeserveourrespectduetotheireffortsinbringingtheirchildrenupandtheircontributionstosociety.Ifwedon'trespectthem,howcanwecountonyoungerpeopletorespectuswhenwegrowold?Consequently,weshouldtryourbesttocareforthem,②helpingthemlivetheirlivestothefullest(幫助他們過得更充實)．RespectingtheelderlyisatraditionalChinesevirtue.Let'skeepanddevelopthatvirtuetogether.Thankyouforlistening.【檢測訓(xùn)練】1．假設(shè)你是學(xué)生會主席李華，你校擬組織美國交換生到孔子廟參觀，委托你通知相關(guān)事宜,請你寫一則書面通知，要點包括:1.集合時間和地點;2.活動內(nèi)容:參觀孔子廟、古建筑、觀看木偶戲；3.預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備:簡要了解孔子文化。注意:1.可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使短文連貫、通順；2.文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息；3.詞數(shù):100左右。參考詞匯:1.孔子廟theConfuciusTemple2.木偶戲puppetshow_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】NoticeTohelpyoufurtherunderstand.Chinese-culture,ourschoolwillorganizeatriptotheConfuciusTemple.I’dliketosharewithyousomedetailsaboutit.Asscheduled,wewillmeetat7:30a.m.onThursdayattheschoolgate,firstvisittheConfuciusTemple,whereyoucanlearnmuchaboutConfuciusandhaveadeeperunderstandingofthetraditionalChineseculture.Then,wewillvisitsomeancientarchitecture.Afterthat,wearegoingtoenjoysomepuppetshows.Youwillbegreatlyimpressedwithit.Finally,wecantastesomespecialsnacks,whicharetrulydelicious.Bytheway,knowingbrieflyabouttheConfuciuscultureinadvancewouldbequitehelpful.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasedon’thesitatetocontactme!Lookingforwardtoseeingyou.TheStudentUnion【寫作分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本篇要求考生寫一則書面通知，通知交換生參觀孔子廟的相關(guān)事宜?！緦懽鞑襟E】第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)：總分要求：1.通知的目的2.參觀孔子廟的相關(guān)事宜1）集合時間和地點2）活動內(nèi)容:參觀孔子廟、古建筑、觀看木偶戲3）預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備:簡要了解孔子文化第二步：列提綱（重點詞組）tellsb.sth./informsb.ofsth./plantodosth./learnabout/setoff/payavisitto/datebackto/setup/inorderto/haveabetterunderstandingof/beimpressedwith/inadvance第三步：連詞成句1.Inordertohelpyoufurtherunderstand.Chinese-culture,ourschoolwillorganizeatriptotheConfuciusTemple,whichdatesbacktothousandsofyearsago.2.Iwanttosharewithyousomedetailsaboutit.3.Asplanned,wewillmeetat7:30a.m.onThursdayattheschoolgate.4.Firstly,wewillpayavisittotheConfuciusTemple,whereyoucanlearnmuchaboutConfuciusandhaveadeeperunderstandingofthetraditionalChineseculture.5.Wewillvisitsomeancientarchitecture,whichwillleaveadeepimpressiononyou.6.Wearegoingtoenjoysomepuppetshows.7.Youwillbegreatlyimpressedwithit.8.Wecantastesomespecialsnacks,whicharetrulydelicious.9.Bytheway,knowingsomethingabouttheConfuciuscultureinadvancewouldbequitehelpful.10.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecontactme!第四步：連句成篇（加入銜接詞或從句）表示并列的連詞：and/but/or/so…狀語從句連詞：because/if/though/although…定語從句連詞：which/that/when/where…第五步：修改潤色（加入高級詞匯或短語）2．元旦即將來臨，學(xué)生會(TheStudents’Union)將舉辦一場英語晚會(anEnglishEveningparty)，現(xiàn)請你以學(xué)生會的名義發(fā)一份英語書面通知，歡迎全校師生參加，通知包含以下要點：晚會主題：迎新春，享受英語時間：12月31日星期五晚上8：00-10：00節(jié)目內(nèi)容：1.英語短劇(Englishshort-playperformances)演唱英語歌曲，講英語故事2.邀請外國學(xué)生為我們演唱中國歌曲其他：1.全體學(xué)生要求準(zhǔn)時出席；2.晚會上不要亂扔垃圾（扔垃圾：litter）；3.歡迎大家光臨晚會，玩得開心。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】NOTICEInordertocelebratethecomingnewyear,anEnglishEveningpartywithathemeof“WelcomenewyearandEnjoyyourEnglish”isgoingtobeheldbyourStudents’Unionfrom8pmto10pmonFriday,31st.Decemberonourschoolplayground.Therewillbemanyactivitiesfromthestudents,suchasEnglishshort-playperformances,EnglishstorytellingandEnglishsongs.What’smore,someforeignstudentswillbeinvitedtosingChinesesongsforusattheparty.Allstudentsareexpectedtoattenditontimeandrequirednottolitter.Atlast,youarewelcometoourEnglishpartyandwearesureyouwillenjoyyourself.TheStudents’Union【寫作步驟】第1步：根據(jù)提示可知，本篇為一則通知；元旦即將來臨，學(xué)生會(TheStudents’Union)將舉辦一場英語晚會(anEnglishEveningparty)，現(xiàn)請你以學(xué)生會的名義發(fā)一份英語書面通知，歡迎全校師生參加。人稱應(yīng)為第三人稱，時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般將來時。第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：theme（主題），WelcomenewyearandEnjoyyourEnglish（迎新春，享受英語），from8pmto10pmonFriday,31st.December（12月31日星期五晚上8：00-10：00），EnglishstorytellingandEnglishsongs（演唱英語歌曲，講英語故事），ontime（準(zhǔn)時）等。第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。【寫作亮點】范文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者使用了非常好的短語和句子為文章增色不少，比如inorderto，withathemeof，suchas，what’smore，atlast等等；本文中的被動語態(tài)運用地非常自然和流暢，如Inordertocelebratethecomingnewyear,anEnglishEveningpartyabout/withathemeof“WelcomenewyearandEnjoyyourEnglish”isgoingtobeheldbyourStudents’Unionfrom8pmto10pmonFriday,31st.Decemberonourschoolplayground.；What’smore,someforeignstudentswillbeinvitedtosingChinesesongsforusattheparty.；Allstudentsareexpectedtoattenditontimeandrequirednottolitter.全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。3．你受學(xué)生會委托為校宣傳欄“英語天地”寫一則通知，請大家參加即將舉行的書法講座，內(nèi)容包括:1.講座目的；2.講座內(nèi)容；3.講座時間、地點。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3.參考詞匯:書法calligraphy_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】InordertomakeusstudentslearnmoreaboutChinesecalligraohyandarouseourawarenessofprotectingthetraditionalChineseculture,alectureaboutChinesecalligraphyistobeheldinthelecturehalloftheArtBuildingonMay15ththisSunday.Itwilllasttwohoursfrom8amto10am.ThelecturewillbegivenbyShenYang,afamousChinesecalligrapher.Itmainlyconsistsofthreeparts:first,listentoalectureforoneandahalfhours,thenhaveadiscussionforhalfanhour;afterthatobservethecalligrapherimprovisingonthespot.Allthestudentsarerequiredtoarrivebefore7:30am.Dobepunctual!Students’Union

【寫作步驟】第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文通知時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)：分兩部分，第一部分發(fā)出通知和通知的具體內(nèi)容，第二部分希望按時參加。要點：1.通知全校學(xué)生參加書法講座，對書法講座作介紹①書法講座主講人②書法講座的具體安排：地點、時間、內(nèi)容2.希望準(zhǔn)時參加。第二步：列提綱（重點詞匯、短語）inorderto;Chinesetraditionalculture;Chinesecalligraphy;arouseone’sawarenessof;Chinesecharacters;lasttwohours;consistof;onthespot;berequired;bepuncutal第三步：連詞成句1.In

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inthelecturehalloftheArtBuildingonMay15ththisSunday.3.Itmainlyconsistsofthreeparts4.Youwillobservethecalligrapherimprovisingonthespot.5.Allthestudentsarerequiredto

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7:30am.8.Dobepunctual/ontime!根據(jù)提示和關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行遣詞造句,適當(dāng)?shù)剡\用句型，注意時態(tài)和主謂一致問題。第四步：連句成篇(銜接詞)表示時間順序：Firstofall;tobegin/startwith,InthebeginningFirstly....Secondly....Lastly/Finally/Intheend表示并列或補充關(guān)系：whatismore;besides,moreover,inaddition,aswellas；notonly…but(also),meanwhile,inthemeantime,some...some…others表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系：but,however,although,though,yet,whileononehand…ontheotherhand...,表示因果關(guān)系：because,as,therefore,Asaresult,asaconsequence,consequently,thus連句成文，運用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯釉~進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，使句與句之間邏輯性更強、段與段之間結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。4．假如你是英華國際學(xué)校學(xué)生會主席李華，你在食堂發(fā)現(xiàn)有浪費糧食現(xiàn)象，打算向全校師生作"FOODFORLIFE"的演講，請你用英文寫一篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.演講的主題；2.演講的原因；3.你的倡議。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Goodmorning,respectedteachersanddearfellowstudents!__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforyourlistening!【參考范文】Goodmorning.respectedteachersanddearfellowstudents!Ifeelsohonored/privilegedtodeliveraspeechthemedatfoodforlife.Thepastyearshavewitnessedtheseverenessoffoodcrisisworldwide.However,someofushaven'tattachedgreatimportancetotheissue.Foodwasteisstillacommonsight,especiallyinthecanteen.Facingthesternreality,Ithinkit'shightimethatwestoppedit.Notonlyareweexpectedtoraisetheawarenessofsavingfood,butalsogointoactionimmediately.Doremember,everybitofeffortcountsintheprocessofsavingfoodforabetterlife.Thankyouforyourlistening!【寫作分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一篇題為“"FOODFORLIFE"”的演講稿，號召同學(xué)們珍惜糧食。【寫作步驟】1.詞匯積累發(fā)表演講：makeraspeech=deliveraspeech重視：payattentionto=attachedgreatimportanceto嚴(yán)峻的：serious→severe行動：takeaction=gointoaction2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Foodwasteisstillacommonsight,especiallyinthecanteen.拓展句：ItisespeciallyincanteenthatFoodwasteisstillacommonsight.【寫作亮點】[高分句型1]：Notonlyareweexpectedtoraisetheawarenessofsavingfood,butalsogointoactionimmediately.這句話運用了倒裝句。[高分句型2]：Doremember,everybitofeffortcountsintheprocessofsavingfoodforabetterlife.這句話運用了強調(diào)句。5．你校正在舉辦英語周活動，你準(zhǔn)備參加以Sharing為主題的英語演講比賽。請你結(jié)一個事例，寫一篇演講稿，談?wù)凷haring的作用。演講稿應(yīng)包含下列要點：1.有關(guān)Sharing的一個事例：時間，人物，內(nèi)容，過程，影響等；2.你的感悟。注意：1.詞數(shù)120左右.2.演講稿的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Goodmorning,everyone!It’sagreathonortobehereandsharesomethingwithyou._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Goodmorning,everybody!It'sagreathonourtobehereandsharesomethingwithyou.IstillrememberhowdepressedIwasafterthemidtermexaminationinSeniorOne,whenIhadhopedtobestillamongthebestasinjuniorhighschool.Atthattime,mybestfriendcameupandaskedmetogototheplayground.“You'realwaysthebestinmyheart，”shecomfortedme.“Thereisalwaysaroadahead.”Strangely,myheartwasfilledwithwarmthIhadneversensedbefore.Ifeltmuchbetter.Sharingispartofbeauty.JustasaSwedishproverbgoes,“Sharedjoyisadoublejoy;sharedsorrowishalfasorrow.”Sharingcanbroadenourhorizons.Asforme,bydoingthis,Iliveahappierandmoreconfidentlife.Thanksforyourattention!【寫作分析】這是一篇以Sharing為主題的英語演講比賽，首先要用正確的格式去寫，會用一些短語，了解英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與漢語的不同，需要平時對課本上的課文要正確地理解，會仿照課文的句子寫出正確的英語句子，這里是有關(guān)Sharing的一個事例：時間，人物，內(nèi)容，過程，影響等以及自己的感悟。所以注意用一般現(xiàn)在時，用第一人稱來敘述。【亮點說明】短文用了一些短語和固定句式，為文章增色不少，如：It'sagreathonourtodosth.、sharesomethingwith、comeup、liveahappierandmoreconfidentlife等，為了上下文的銜接還用了一些過渡詞如：atthattime、strangely等，使文章更加連貫完整。全文主要用的是一般現(xiàn)在時，時態(tài)做到使用準(zhǔn)確。6．假定你是李華，是新華中學(xué)的一名中學(xué)生。你班的外教Mr.Johnson即將回國，請你代表同學(xué)們在歡送會上致辭，內(nèi)容包括:1、對Mr.Johnson致謝；2、準(zhǔn)備了禮物，以留作紀(jì)念；3、希望Mr.Johnson以后?；貋砜纯?。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________