書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Passage2Notalllanguageisverbal.Someofourcommunicationoccurswithoutwords.Weoftenuseourentirebodiesforcommunication.Wemayraiseoureyebrowstoindicatesurprise.Perhapswenodourheadstoshowthatweagreewithsomething.Therearehundredsofnonverbalsignalsthatcanbeusedtocommunicate.Thesesignalsarepartoflanguage,andtheyaregovernedbyrulesinthesamewaythatourspokenlanguageis.Forthisreason,peoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesoftenusedifferentnonverbalsignalsaswell.

Inadditiontoverbalcommunicationandthetypeofnonverbalcommunicationdiscussedabove,thereareothermessagesystemsthatweusetocommunicate.Whenwespeaktosomepeople,wemaystandveryclosetothemwhilewemaystandfarawayfromotherpeople.Useofspace,then,isawaywecancommunicatetherelationshipwefeelwithanotherperson.Thewaywedresscanalsocommunicateforus.ThepersonwhowearsdirtyjeansandaT-shirtcommunicatesadifferentattitudefromapersonwhowearsneattrousersandanattractiveshirt.

Wecanevenusetimetocommunicate.Thepersonwhoisontimeforanappointmentshowsadifferentattitudefromthepersonwhoisanhourlate.Canyouthinkofothermessagesystemsthatweuse?

26.Language,accordingtothepassage,isactually______.

27.Nonverbalsignals______.

28.WhatdoestheauthortellusabouttheT-shirt?

29.Peoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage______.

30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofnonverbalcommunication?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.verbalonly

B.verbalandnonverbalaswell

C.totallynonverbal

D.verbalcommunicationratherthannonverbalsignals

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.havefewrules

B.arelessusefulthanspeech

C.areoftenusedincommunication

D.areentirelyseparatefromlanguage

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisakindofinformalclothing.

B.Itisacceptedonformaloccasions.

C.Itispopularoncampusonly.

D.Itisadmiredbyeducatedpeople.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havenononverbalsignalsincommon

B.cannotunderstandanynonverbalsignals

C.havedifferentnonverbalsignals

D.usethesamenonverbalsignalsinanycase

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thoughts.

B.Time.

C.Appearance.

D.Space.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.Language,accordingtothepassage,isactually______.26.根據(jù)這篇文章，語(yǔ)言實(shí)際上______。

A.verbalonlyA.只是言語(yǔ)的

B.verbalandnonverbalaswellB.是言語(yǔ)的和非言語(yǔ)的

C.totallynonverbalC.是完全非言語(yǔ)的

D.verbalcommunicationratherthannonverbalsignalsD.是口頭交流而不是非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段前三句內(nèi)容“并不是所有的語(yǔ)言都是口頭的。我們的有些交流是不需要言語(yǔ)的。我們經(jīng)常用整個(gè)身體來(lái)交流?！笨芍?，語(yǔ)言包括口頭語(yǔ)言和肢體上的語(yǔ)言，所以語(yǔ)言實(shí)際上是言語(yǔ)的和非言語(yǔ)的，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)“是言語(yǔ)的和非言語(yǔ)的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“只是言語(yǔ)的”，并不是所有的語(yǔ)言都是口頭的，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“是完全非言語(yǔ)的”，語(yǔ)言包括言語(yǔ)和非言語(yǔ)，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“是口頭交流而不是非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)”，根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“這些信號(hào)是語(yǔ)言的一部分，它們和我們的口語(yǔ)一樣受到了規(guī)則的支配”可知，非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)也是語(yǔ)言，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.Nonverbalsignals______.27.非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)______。

A.havefewrulesA.沒(méi)有什么規(guī)則

B.arelessusefulthanspeechB.不如言語(yǔ)有用

C.areoftenusedincommunicationC.經(jīng)常用于交流

D.areentirelyseparatefromlanguageD.完全獨(dú)立于語(yǔ)言

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第三句“我們經(jīng)常用整個(gè)身體來(lái)交流”可知，身體交流屬于非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)，也就是說(shuō)非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)經(jīng)常用于交流，該題選擇C項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常用于交流”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有什么規(guī)則”根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“這些信號(hào)是語(yǔ)言的一部分，它們和我們的口語(yǔ)一樣受到了規(guī)則的支配”可知，非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)也受到了規(guī)則的支配，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“不如言語(yǔ)有用”，文中沒(méi)有提到非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)不如言語(yǔ)有用，并且第一段第二句指出“我們的一些交流是不需要言語(yǔ)的”，所以該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“完全獨(dú)立于語(yǔ)言”文中沒(méi)有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.WhatdoestheauthortellusabouttheT-shirt?28.關(guān)于T恤，作者告訴了我們什么？

A.Itisakindofinformalclothing.A.這是一種非正式的服裝。

B.Itisacceptedonformaloccasions.B.在正式場(chǎng)合是可以接受的。

C.Itispopularoncampusonly.C.它只在校園里流行。

D.Itisadmiredbyeducatedpeople.D.它受到受過(guò)教育的人的贊賞。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段最后一句“穿臟的牛仔褲和T恤的人與穿整潔的褲子和漂亮的襯衫的人傳達(dá)的是不同的態(tài)度”可知，穿臟牛仔褲和T恤與穿整潔的褲子和漂亮的襯衫的人傳達(dá)了不同的態(tài)度，那么可推斷，穿T恤是一種非正式的服裝，而穿整潔的褲子和漂亮的襯衫則是正式服裝，該題選擇A項(xiàng)“這是一種非正式的服裝”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“在正式場(chǎng)合是可以接受的”與原文相反，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“它只在校園里流行”和D項(xiàng)“它受到受過(guò)教育的人的贊賞”文中沒(méi)有提到，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Peoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage______.29.說(shuō)不同語(yǔ)言的人______。

A.havenononverbalsignalsincommonA.沒(méi)有共同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)

B.cannotunderstandanynonverbalsignalsB.不能理解任何非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)

C.havedifferentnonverbalsignalsC.有不同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)

D.usethesamenonverbalsignalsinanycaseD.在任何情況下都要使用相同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段最后一句“說(shuō)不同語(yǔ)言的人也經(jīng)常使用不同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)”可知，說(shuō)不同語(yǔ)言的人有不同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)，該題選擇C項(xiàng)“有不同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有共同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)”、B項(xiàng)“不能理解任何非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)”和D項(xiàng)“在任何情況下都要使用相同的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)”文中沒(méi)有提及，這三項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofnonverbalcommunication?30.下列哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有被提到作為一種非言語(yǔ)交際的形式？

A.Thoughts.A.思想。

B.Time.B.時(shí)間。

C.Appearance.C.外表。

D.Space.D.空間。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二三句“因此，利用空間是我們與他人溝通感情的一種方式。我們的穿著方式也可以為我們傳達(dá)信息。”，以及第三段第一句“我們甚至可以用時(shí)間來(lái)交流”可知，空間、穿著和時(shí)間都是非言語(yǔ)交際的形式，只有思想沒(méi)有提到，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)“思想”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“時(shí)間”、C項(xiàng)“外表”和D項(xiàng)“外表”都是非言語(yǔ)交際的形式，這三項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

2.單選題

Thereasonhewantstotakealeaveofabsenceis______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterest

B.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterest

D.becauseacompleterestisneededbyhim

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterestB.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterestD.becauseacompleterestisneededbyhim

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】表語(yǔ)從句。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，句子缺少表語(yǔ)，而結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，該句的句意是“他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息”，所以空格處是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，because和that都可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，而“需要休息”的主體是he，所以從句中的主語(yǔ)用he，又根據(jù)前面的wants可知，need應(yīng)該同樣用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)need一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；

B項(xiàng)need時(shí)態(tài)使用錯(cuò)誤；

D項(xiàng)主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是he，故排除。

【句意】他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息。

3.單選題

Generally,promptcoolingandproperrefrigerationoffoodscanhold（

）bacteriainfoodstoasafelevel.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anumberof

B.thenumberof

C.anamountof

D.aquantityof

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一般來(lái)說(shuō)，迅速冷卻并經(jīng)過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)睦洳?，食物中的?xì)菌量會(huì)被控制在安全范圍內(nèi)。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。anumberof若干，許多;thenumberof…的數(shù)量;anamountof總量”通常與不可數(shù)、無(wú)生命的名詞連用；aquantityof一些。故B符合句意。

4.單選題

Iregret（）youthatIcan'tgotoHangzhouforavisitnextSundaywithyou,becauseI'vecaughtabadcold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.totell

B.telling

C.tell

D.havingtold

【答案】A

【解析】regrettodosth.指很遺憾要做某事；regretdoingsth.指很遺憾做過(guò)某事。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指很遺憾的告訴你...nextSunday,事情還沒(méi)有發(fā)生,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.單選題

Allthe

peopleinthestadiumcheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（）

slowly

intothesky.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascending

B.elevating

C.floating

D.lingering

【答案】A

【解析】ascend可做不及物動(dòng)詞,指上升；elevate意思相近,但是是及物動(dòng)詞。float指漂浮；linger

指逗留。句意：當(dāng)看到幾百只彩球緩緩升上天空時(shí),運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)里所有的人都?xì)g呼起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.單選題

Thisyearwilldifficultforthisorganizationbecause（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavelessmoneyandvolunteersthantheyhadlastyear

B.ithaslessmoneyandfewervolunteersthanithadlastyear

C.thelastyearitdidnothaveasfewvolunteersandmoney

D.therearefewermoneyandvolunteersthaninthelastyeartherewere

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。因?yàn)閘ittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，few修飾可數(shù)名詞，money為不可數(shù)名詞，volunteer為可數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)A、C和D可排除，又因?yàn)榫渥颖硎颈容^所以用比較級(jí)less和fewer表示更少的。句意：今年對(duì)于組織來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)是困難的一年，因?yàn)橘Y金和志愿者都比去年更少了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

Theboyfellofftheladderandbadly（

）himself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wounded

B.damaged

C.harmed

D.injured

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。wound“使受傷”；damage“損害，毀壞，對(duì)有用或有價(jià)值的人或財(cái)產(chǎn)的破壞”；harm“傷害，危害，身體或心理上的損害或傷害”；injure“損害，傷害，通常指肉體上的傷害”。句意：這個(gè)男孩從樓梯上摔了下來(lái)，傷得很嚴(yán)重。只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.翻譯題

ArecentadvertisementforGoogleChromeshowedaseriesofimportanteventsinachild’slife,eachonebelongingtoadifferentparttheInternet—thefirststepsonYouTube;birthdaye-mails;Facebookphotosofteenageparties.Themessagewasclear:alifecannowbefullyexpressedthroughtheInternet.

This,ofcourse,hasasignificanteffectonhowwerememberthings.Online,majoreventsandexperiencescanbereadabout—andwithvideo,watched—againandagain.ComputersandtheInternet,ratherthanofferingsomethingnew,combineallourtechnologicalmeansofartificialmemory—text,soundandimage—tocreateasynthesisthatcanrecallmemoriesmoreintenselythananythingbefore.

【答案】谷歌瀏覽器的最新廣告展示了一個(gè)孩子生活中的一系列重大事件，每件事都關(guān)乎互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的方方面面——YouTube上，孩子學(xué)會(huì)走路后邁出第一步的視頻；郵件中的電子生日賀卡，F(xiàn)acebook上年輕人聚會(huì)的照片。這一切所傳達(dá)出的信息顯而易見(jiàn)：生活完全可以在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上全部展現(xiàn)。

毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，這對(duì)我們的記憶方式產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。重要的事件與經(jīng)歷都能在網(wǎng)上以圖文或視頻的形式反復(fù)看到。電腦與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并非提供給我們新鮮的事物，而是融合了文字、聲音、圖像等人工記憶的所有技術(shù)手段，共同創(chuàng)造出一種前所未有的，更加強(qiáng)烈地喚起我們記憶的綜合體。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandneararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andevertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.IntimeMelio(notwithoutsometerriblemistakes)learnthowtoliveinspiteofthedifficultiesuponthatmountainshelf.

HisonlyneighborswereafamilygroupofParakanasIndianswho,forreasonsknownonlytothemselves,tookalikingtoMelio.TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.TheParakanastaughtMeliotocatchfishwiththehelpofawildplantwhichmadethemsenselessinthestream.Itgaveoffapowerfuldrugwhenshakenviolentlythroughthewater.Theyshowedhimhowtohuntbylayingtrapsanddigging.IntimeMelio’spieceoflandbecamearegularfarm.Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.

TheParakanaswerealwaysaroundhim.He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.ItwasasifhewastherebycourtesyoftheChief.Whentheycametohim,theIndiansneverenteredhishousewithitssteeplyslopingroofofdriedgrassandleaves.Theyhadadelicatewayofbehaving.Theyshowedthemselvesbystandingintheshadeofthetreesattheclearing’sedge.Hewasexpectedtocrossthechickenstriptowardsthem.Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.Melionevercouldpersuadethemtocomeanycloser.

ThegroupguessedatMelio’shatredforhiscivilizedbrothersinthetownsfaraway.TheyknewMeliowouldneverinviteanymorewhitemenuphere.ThispleasedtheParakanas.Itmeantthattraderslookingforrubberandjewelswouldneverreachthem.TheirMeliowouldseetothat.Theyweresafewiththismanandhishatred.

16.ItisknownfromthepassagethatMeliowantedtheforestaroundhimtobecomethickbecausethedenseleaves（）.

17.TheChief’scomparisonofMeliotoasnakeisintendedtoshowthat（）.

18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

19.ToMelio,theParakanaIndiansseemed（）.

20.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheplacedescribedbytheauthorwas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.remindedhimofhishouseinthetownfaraway

B.preventedtheParakanasfromwatchinghim

C.helpedhimtoforgettheworldhehated

D.protectedhimfrombeingintrudedbythewhitemeninthetown

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hedidnottrustMelio

B.itwasunwisetogotooclosetoMelio

C.hebelievedMeliohatedtheParakanas

D.hethoughtMeliowasoutofhismind

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Meliostayedonhisfarmforanumberofyears.

B.Meliofeltlikeaprisonerbecausehecouldn’tescapebeingwatched.

C.Meliokepthimselfalive,duringtherainyseasonbyeatingwhathehadinstore.

D.TheParakanasthoughtMeliolivedthattherebecausehewaslookingforrubberandjewels.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.oldbuthateful

B.strangebutattractive

C.unhealthybutfriendly

D.cowardlybutsociable

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.farremovedfromcivilization

B.impossibletocultivate

C.thehomeofMelio’sIndianrelatives

D.wetalltheyearround

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】16.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第三句Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.（森林越茂密，就越容易忘記外面的環(huán)境），C選項(xiàng)“幫助他忘記了他所憎恨的世界”為正確選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“這使他想起了他在遠(yuǎn)處鎮(zhèn)上的家”正好與Melio的意圖相反。B選項(xiàng)“阻止了Parakanas監(jiān)視他”不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“保護(hù)他不受鎮(zhèn)上白人的侵?jǐn)_”文章并未提及，只在結(jié)尾處提到Melio從不邀請(qǐng)白人去那兒，因此可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第二句TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.（酋長(zhǎng)從未仔細(xì)看過(guò)梅里奧，他自言自語(yǔ)地說(shuō)，這個(gè)白人就像咬斷自己尾巴的蛇一樣瘋狂），由此可知，選項(xiàng)B“和梅里奧走得太近是不明智的”為正確答案。選項(xiàng)A“他不信任梅里奧”，文章并未提及，可排除。選項(xiàng)C“他相信梅里奧憎恨Parakanas”，文章并未提及，可排除。選項(xiàng)D“他覺(jué)得梅里奧瘋了”，文章并未提及，可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。選項(xiàng)A“梅里奧在他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)待了幾年”，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.（他養(yǎng)的是野鳥(niǎo)，有長(zhǎng)腿的肥鳥(niǎo)，也有幾乎沒(méi)有羽毛的瘦雞。他養(yǎng)的玉米和咸魚(yú)足夠他在雨季儲(chǔ)存食物）可推測(cè)梅里奧在農(nóng)場(chǎng)待過(guò)幾年，排除A選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)B“梅里奧覺(jué)得自己像個(gè)囚犯，因?yàn)樗麩o(wú)法逃避被監(jiān)視”可定位到文中第三段第二句He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.（他從不承認(rèn)，但他能感覺(jué)到那些樹(shù)就像監(jiān)獄的鐵欄：它們?cè)诒O(jiān)視著他），因此可排除B選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)C“在雨季，梅里奧靠吃他儲(chǔ)存的食物來(lái)維持生命”可定位到文中第二段倒數(shù)第一句andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.（他的玉米和咸魚(yú)足夠他在雨季儲(chǔ)存糧食），因此可排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)“Parakanas認(rèn)為Melio住在那里是因?yàn)樗趯ふ蚁鹉z和珠寶”，在文中沒(méi)有提及，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段倒數(shù)第二句Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.（然后，他們有一個(gè)奇怪而又迷人的習(xí)慣，總是退后一步，向綠色的走廊退一步）。B選項(xiàng)“奇怪，但有吸引力”與題干相符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)離文明”，通讀全文可知，A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。B選項(xiàng)“不可能培養(yǎng)”，文章第二段最后，提到Melio的土地成了一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，可排除B選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“梅里奧印第安親戚的家”，文章中并沒(méi)有提到Melio印度親戚，那些人只是他的鄰居，可排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)“終年潮濕”，文章第二段結(jié)尾提到“他的玉米和咸魚(yú)足夠他在雨季儲(chǔ)存糧食”，可看出這個(gè)地方不是終年潮濕，可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Togovernistochoosehowtherevenueraisedfromtaxesisspent.Sofarsogood,orbad.Butsomepeopleearnmoremoneythanothers.Shouldtheypayproportionatelymoremoneytothegovernmentthanthosewhoearnless?Andiftheydopaymoremoneyaretheyentitledtomoreservicesthanthosewhopaylessorthosewhopaynothingatall?Andshouldthosewhopaynothingatallbecausetheyhavenothinggetanything?Thesemattersareofirritableconcerntoourrulers,andofsomepoignancytotherest.

AlthoughtheequalityofeachcitizenbeforethelawistherockuponwhichtheAmeri-canConstitutionrests,economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.ThefuriousandenduringterrorofCommunisminAmericaisnotentirelytheworkofthoseearlycoldwarriorsTrumanandAcheson.Adislikeofeconomicequalityissomethingdeep-grainedintheAmericanProtestantcharacter.Afterall,givenarichemptycontinentforvigorousEuropeanstoexploit,anymanofgumptioncouldmakehimselfagoodliving.Withextrahardwork,anymancouldmakehimselfafortune,provingthathewasabettermanthantherest.LongbeforeDarwintheAmericanethoswasDarwinian.

ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries;andthislingeringbeliefthatintheheavenanymancanmakeforhimselfthroughhardworkandcleanlivingisakeytothemajority’sprevailingandapparentlyunalterablehatredofthepoor,keptoutofsightathome,outofmindabroad.

Yettherehasbeen,fromthebeginning,asignificantdivisioninourrulingclass.TheearlyThomasJeffersonhadadream:asocietyofhonestveomen,engagedinagriculturalpursuits,withoutlargecities,heavyindustry,banks,militarypretensions.Theearly(andthelate)AlexanderHamiltonwantedindustry,bankscitiesandamilitaryforcecapableofmakingitselffeltinworldpolitics.Itisaniceironythatsomanyoftoday’slaissez-faireconservativesthinkthattheydescendfromHamilton,theproponentofastrongfederalgovernment,andthatsomanyliberalsbelievethemselvestobetheheirsoftheearlyJefferson,whowantedlittlemorethanapoliceforceandajudiciary.Alwayspractical,Jeffersonknewthatcertainmenwouldrisethroughtheirowngoodeffortswhile,sadly,otherswouldfall.GovernmentwoulddonomorethanobservethisDarwinianspectaclebenignly,andprovidenosuccor.

In1800theHamitonianviewwasrejectedbythepeopleandtheirnewPresidentThomasJefferson.Fouryearslater,theHamiltonianviewhadprevailedandwasendorsedbythereelectedJefferson.Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse.ThedifferencebetweenJeffersonIandJeffersonIIisreflectedinthetwoinauguraladdresses.

ItissignificantthatnothingmoreelevatedthangreedchangedtheDr.JekyllofJeffersonIintotheMr.HydeofJeffersonII.Likehislessthoughtfulcountrymen,Jeffersoncouldnotresistadeal.SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.

Inthecourseofland-grabbing,JeffersonIImanagedtogethimselfintohotwaterwithFrance,England,andSpainsimultaneously，afairlyastonishingthingtodoconsideringthestateofpoliticsinNapoleonicEurope.

1.TheauthorbelievesthatAmericans

（

）.

2.Fromthepassage,wemayassumethatthesenatorfromSouthDakota

（

）.

3.Jeffersonmadeitpossiblefor

（

）.

4.Jefferson’searlypoliticalwritingsespousedwhatwouldtodaybecalled

（

）.

5.TheauthorholdsthatJefferson’spurchaseoftheLouisianaterritories（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stillbelieveAmericatobelargelyunpopulated

B.largelybelieveinlowertaxation

C.areinfavoroftaxationwithoutrepresentation

D.shouldreconsidertheLouisianapurchase

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.opposedtaxreform

B.wasThomasJefferson

C.failedinhisattempttoreformtaxlaw

D.wasAlexanderHamilton

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.apotentialempiretobecomearealone

B.taxlawstoreflectthewillofthepeople

C.France,England,andSpaintosimultaneouslyvacillateupontheirmutualfeelingstowardstheUnitedStates.

D.Darwiniansocialtheoriestobeacceptedwithoutquestion

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectivism

B.libertarianism

C.socialism

D.liberalism

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.maybeseenasahypocriticalact

B.rigorouslyheldwithhispreviousviewsofinalienablerights

C.cannotbeseenasanactofempire-expansion

D.wasanactmeanttolowertaxesandimprovethewealthofthenation

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第三段中提到“ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries”，說(shuō)明在美國(guó)人無(wú)意識(shí)的想象中，他們所處的大陸依然是富饒而空無(wú)的。因此A選項(xiàng)“仍然相信美國(guó)大部分地區(qū)無(wú)人居住”符合題意。

第2題:2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段，文中提到“…economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.”由此可知，美國(guó)人的理想中從未包括經(jīng)濟(jì)平等，這是政治上一個(gè)難以啟齒的話題，而這些是這個(gè)參議員在他提出幾項(xiàng)類似平等的稅收改革時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的。由此可以推斷，參議員的稅收改革失敗了，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第五段，文中提到“Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse”，杰斐遜注意到，一個(gè)潛在的帝國(guó)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)真正的帝國(guó)。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。文章第六段中提到“TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.”《獨(dú)立宣言》的作者杰斐遜完全忘記了公民的不可剝奪的權(quán)利，在著作《獨(dú)立宣言》時(shí)卻把這一點(diǎn)放在最重要的地位，那就是liberalism“自由主義”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干定位到文章第六段，“SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence”，杰斐遜推翻了他幫助制定的憲法，從拿破侖那買下了路易斯安那州，忘記了公民不可剝奪的權(quán)利······。作者認(rèn)為這“被看作一種偽善的行為”，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

他曾在許多著名的美術(shù)家門下學(xué)習(xí)。這些美術(shù)家中的一些渴望描述社會(huì)下層居民的生活。

只有通過(guò)這些科目考試的人才能擔(dān)任政府官員。

有證據(jù)證明黑猩猩(chimpanzee)過(guò)著一種復(fù)雜的社會(huì)生活，但具體的細(xì)節(jié)尚不清楚。

人們抱著一夜暴富的心理借錢賭牌。

肥沃的土地和豐富的植物提供了豐富的糧食，維護(hù)了社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定。

【答案】Hewasoncelearnedfrommanyfamousartists,someofwhomdesiredtodescribelivesofpeoplefromthelowerclass.

Onlypeoplewhopasstheseexamscanbecomegovernmentofficials.

Evidenceshowsthatchimpanzeesliveacomplexsociallife,butsomespecificdetailsarestillnotclear.

Peopleborrowmoneytogamblewiththethoughtofbecomingrichovernight.

Fertilesoilandabundantplantsprovideusenoughfoodandsustainthesociety'sstability.

12.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclassesfiction,biography,poetry―weshouldseparatethemandlakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionwhenweread,whatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor,trytobecomehim.Behisfellowworkerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserveandcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefinesse,fromthetwistandturnofthefirstsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,and,quaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.

【答案】既然書(shū)有小說(shuō)、傳記、詩(shī)歌之分，我們就應(yīng)該把它們分類，從中吸收它們應(yīng)該給予的知識(shí)。這說(shuō)起來(lái)很容易。然而很少有人要求書(shū)本應(yīng)該給予的知識(shí)。我們總是囫圇吞棗般去看書(shū)，要求小說(shuō)必須真實(shí)，要求詩(shī)歌必須虛構(gòu)，要求傳記諂媚，要求歷史書(shū)能加強(qiáng)自己的偏見(jiàn)。如果我們讀書(shū)之前能拋開(kāi)這些偏見(jiàn)，將會(huì)是一個(gè)好的開(kāi)始。不要去強(qiáng)加你的想法給作者，而是要去理解他，成為他的伙伴。如果你將自己置身事外，并且從一開(kāi)始就批判他，你就無(wú)法從書(shū)中獲得最大的價(jià)值。但是如果你敞開(kāi)心扉，那么書(shū)中精細(xì)入微的寓言和暗示便會(huì)讓你從開(kāi)頭那些晦澀的句子中繞出來(lái)，把你帶到一個(gè)獨(dú)特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去鉆研，你很快會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者正向你闡述的或者是試圖向你闡述的東西是一些比原來(lái)要明確得多的東西。

13.單選題

“Youth”and“culture”havebeenarathermorefamiliarpairingwithinsociologythan“oldage”and“culture”.Youngpeople'sspendingonclothes,stereoequipmentandcosmeticsmeantthatthe"teenager"becameavitallyimportantconsumerofleisuregoodsandservices.Thesefeaturesofyoungpeoplesexperiences,alongwiththeirincreasingproportionwithinthetotalpopulation,inevitablycaughttheattentionofseveralinfluentialsociologistswhowentontodescribeandanalyzethephenomenonof“youthculture”.Inrecentdecades,thesituationhaschangedsomewhat.Withtheagingofthepopulation,itisolderpeoplewhorepresentanincasingproportionwithinthetotalpopulation,someofwhomenjoyrelativeaffluencewithhighlevelsofdisposableincome.Consequently,itisolderpeople,ratherthanyoungpeople,whoareincreasinglyregardedasimportantconsumersofleisuregoodsandservices.Severalsociologistshavebeguntoanalyzetheculturalimplicationsofpopulationaging.AndrewBlaikieinhisbookfirstaddressedthephenomenonof“grayculture”atlength.

BlaikiefocusesinparticularonthechangeinstylesofgrowingoldembodiedinnotionofthethirdAge.Thisisthestageofthelifecourseafterretirementfrompaidwork,whereactivity,leisureandpleasureareenjoyedbeforetheonsetofoldageproperbringssocialdependency,physicalinfirmitiesanddeath.Blailie'sbookisnotabouthowindividualswithanaccumulationofchronologicalyearsactuallyexperiencelaterlife,butisinsteadanexaminationofthechangingdiscoursesofgrowingoldastheseareexpressedinpopularculture.

Blailie'sanalysisissensitivetoissuesraisedbythereconstructionofoldageasa"leisureandpleasure"filledlifecoursestage,includingitsmeaningfulnesstothosewithoutthefinancialorotherresourcesnecessarytoenjoyit.Importantly,healsodiscusseswhattheculturalreconstructionofthepost-retirementphaseoflifecoursemeansforourunderstandingsandrepresentationsof"deepoldage"andbiologicalinevitabilityofdeath.

Forabooksoconcernedwiththeanalysesofvisualrepresentationsoflaterlife,therearefewactualillustrations.Thismustberegardedasaweakness.Moreoftenthannot,thereaderiswhollyreliantonBlaikie'sowndescriptionofvisualsourcesandhisinterpretationofhowtheserepresentlaterlife.Thereproductionofagreaternumberofcartoonsorphotographswouldhavegreatlyimprovedthepersuasivenessofhisanalysis.Nevertheless,thisisatimelybookwhichmakesanimportantcontributiontotheliteratureontheculturalreconstructionoflaterlife.

1.Accordingtothefirstsentenceofthearticle,youcanconcludethat（）.

2.WhatarethemaincontentsofBlaikie'sbook?

3.Whatcausedtheappearanceofthe"grayculture"phenomenon?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheThirdAgeinparagraph2istrue?

5.Thesignificanceoftheculturalreconstructionofoldagemainlyliesin（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.youtharemorefamiliarwithsociologythanelderly

B.theelderlyaremorefamiliarwithsociologythanyouth

C.therearemoreresearchesonbehaviorsandlifestylesofyouththanthoseoftheelderlywithinsociology

D.therearemoreresearchesonbehaviorsandlifestylesoftheelderlythanyouthwithinsociology

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theproblemsraisedbytheagingofpopulation.

B.Thechangeinstylesofgrowingold.

C.Theconsumingtendencyoftheolderpeople.

D.Theanalysisofvisualdescriptionoflaterlife.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anincreasingproportionofolderpeoplewithinthetotalpopulation.

B.Olderpeopleareregardedasimportantconsumersofleisuregoodsandservices.

C.Somesociologistshavebeguntostudytheculturalimplicationsofanagingpopulation.

D.Alloftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theelderlycan'tworkinthisstage.

B.Theelderly'slivesarefullofpleasureduringthewholestage.

C.Fortheelderly,dependingonsocietyanddeathareinevitablyfinally.

D.Theelderlyareafraidofdeathverymuch.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.helpingoldpeopleinfinancialdifficultiestoenjoytheirlives

B.helpingtheelderlytocommunicatewithyoutheasily

C.helpingtheelderlytoimprovetheirlifestandards

D.helpingustounderstandtheeldersanddeath

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.第一段第一句的原意是：在社會(huì)學(xué)中,“青年”和“文化”是比“老年”和“文化”更為熟悉的一對(duì)。下文給出了原因,由于年輕人的特性和所占人口比重大,吸引了社會(huì)學(xué)家對(duì)“青年文化”現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了描述和分析。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Blaikie'sbook”定位到第一段的最后一句“AndrewBlaikieinhisbookfirstaddressedthephenomenonof“grayculture”atlength.”而這種“灰色文化”現(xiàn)象即下文提到的“BlaikiefocusesinparticularonthechangeinstylesofgrowingoldembodiedinnotionofthethirdAge.”所以,選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第一段后半