書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-烏魯木齊職業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

WiththeadoptionoftheMulticulturalism,aseriesofnon-discriminatoryprogrammeswasintroducedtoenableAustraliansfromnon-Englishspeakingbackgroundstohavegreaterequalityofaccesstoeducation,healthandsocialservicesandpensions.Inaddition,“ethnicgroups”werepositionedtohavegreateraccesstogovernmentchannelsandtobeaccordedtherightstospeakfortheir“minoritygroups”.

【答案】隨著多元文化主義的采用，以及一系列非歧視性方案的引入，非英語背景的澳大利亞人能夠更平等地獲得教育、保健和社會(huì)服務(wù)以及養(yǎng)老金。此外，“族裔群體”有更多的機(jī)會(huì)接觸政府渠道，并被賦予為其“少數(shù)民族”發(fā)言的權(quán)利。

2.單選題

Themanufacturerwasforcedtoreturnthemoneytotheconsumersunder（）oflaw.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.guideline

B.definition

C.constraint

D.identity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。guideline“指導(dǎo)方針”;definition“定義,解說”;constraint“約束,強(qiáng)制”;identity“身份,特性,一致”。句意:生產(chǎn)商迫于法律的約束不得不把錢退還給客戶。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.

Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect,”acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffectsagoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseenispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.

Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients’pain,eventhoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.

NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmediationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath.”

GeorgeAnnas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity,maintainsthat,aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath,“It’slikesurgery，’’hesays,“Wedon’tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn’tintendtokilltheirpatients,althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou’reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient’ssuicideaslongasyoudon’tintendtheirsuicide.”

Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairofpatientsforwhommodemmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.

JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt’srulingonphysician-assistedsuicide,theNationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volumereport,ApproachingDeath:ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.

Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospices,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassertingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.

Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningmedicalinitiativestranslateintobettercare.“Largenumbersofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering,”totheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse.”Hesaysmedicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclear...thatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompletelymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension.”

1.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,wecanlearnthat（）_.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

3.AccordingtotheNAS’sreport,oneoftheproblemsinend-of-lifecareis（）.

4.GeorgeAnnaswouldprobablyagreethatdoctorsshouldbepunishedifthey（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.doctorsusedtoincreasedrugdosagestocontroltheirpatients’pain

B.itisstillillegalfordoctorstohelpthedyingendtheirlives

C.theSupremeCourtstronglyopposesphysician-assistedsuicide

D.patientshavenoconstitutionalrighttocommitsuicide

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Doctorswillbeheldguiltyiftheyrisktheirpatients’death.

B.Modemmedicinehasassistedterminallyillpatientsinpainlessrecovery.

C.TheCourtruledthathigh-dosagepain-relievingmedicationcanbeprescribed.

D.Adoctor’smedicationisnolongerjustifiedbyhisintentions.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.prolongedmedicalprocedures

B.inadequatetreatmentofpain

C.systematicdrugabuse

D.insufficienthospitalcare

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.managetheirpatientsincompetently

B.givepatientsmoremedicinethanneeded

C.reducedrugdosagesfortheirpatients

D.prolongtheneedlesssufferingofthepatients.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients’pain”，可知近年來，醫(yī)生們使用大劑量嗎啡來緩解晚期病人的疼痛。A選項(xiàng)中usedto表示過去，時(shí)間上與原文不符，選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，“theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleofdoubleeffect,acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects”，可知最高法院實(shí)際上支持“雙重效果”的醫(yī)學(xué)原則，這是一個(gè)有著幾百年歷史的道德原則，它認(rèn)為一個(gè)行為有兩種效果，可判斷出“最高法院強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺”是不正確的，選項(xiàng)C可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，文章提及憲法沒有賦予醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人自殺的權(quán)利，并未提及病人沒有憲法賦予的自殺權(quán)利。選項(xiàng)D可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide”，可知沒有憲法賦予醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人自殺的權(quán)利，可判斷出醫(yī)生協(xié)助垂死的人自殺仍然是非法的，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide”，可知沒有憲法賦予醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人自殺的權(quán)利，并沒有提及他們使病人受到了死亡的威脅將被判有罪。選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第六段，“modemmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.”，可知現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)延長(zhǎng)了死亡的身體痛苦，可推斷出現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)并不能幫助絕癥患者無痛康復(fù)。選項(xiàng)B可排除。根據(jù)文章第五段，“aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath”，可知只要醫(yī)生開藥方是出于合法的醫(yī)療目的，即使是為了加速病人的死亡，醫(yī)生也沒有做任何違法的事情。可推斷出醫(yī)生的用藥以他的意圖為依據(jù)。選項(xiàng)D可排除。根據(jù)排除法，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第七段，“Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.”，可知對(duì)疼痛治療不足和無效強(qiáng)制性醫(yī)療程序是臨終護(hù)理的兩個(gè)問題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Largenumbersofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering…thatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompletelymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension.”，可知許多醫(yī)生似乎并不關(guān)心他們的病人所遭受的不必要的、可預(yù)見的痛苦，這些痛苦都是由于管理不善造成的，應(yīng)該要吊銷執(zhí)照。可判斷出GeorgeAnnas認(rèn)為延長(zhǎng)病人不必要的痛苦的醫(yī)生應(yīng)受到懲罰。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Whentherearenotenoughvolunteersforthearmedforces,thegovernment（）additionalmen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.revises

B.suspends

C.conscripts

D.encourages

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。revise“修訂,校訂”;suspend“延緩,推遲”;conscript“征召,招兵”;encourage“鼓勵(lì),激勵(lì)”。句意:當(dāng)沒有足夠的志愿者入伍時(shí),政府就會(huì)征兵。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

成都是一座來了就不想走的城市。

莫貪意外之財(cái)，莫飲過量之酒。

老弱病殘?jiān)袑Ｗ?/p>

作為求職者，過于隨性的穿著會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響你被錄用的幾率。

調(diào)查表明，很少有人能夠完全獻(xiàn)身于自己的事業(yè)。

【答案】Chengduisacitythatyouneversaygood-bye.

Chengduisthekindofcitythatyouwillbegreatlyfascinatedonceyouvisit.

Notakingfreemoney；Nodrinkingexcessivewine.

Donotbegreedyforwindfallsandoverdrinkyourselfeither.

Seatsarereservedforseniors,theweak,thesick，thedisabledandthepregnant.

Asajobseeker,dressingmorecasually/informallywillseriouslyaffectyouremployment.

Surveyshows/indicatesthatfewpeoplecanfullybededicatedto/bedevotedtotheirowncareer.

6.單選題

Whengivinganygeneraloverviewofthedevelopmentanduseofmachinetranslation(MT)systemsandtranslationtools,itisimportanttodistinguishfourbasictypesoftranslationdemand.

Thefirst,andtraditionaltypeofdemandisfortranslationsofaqualitynormallyexpectedfromhumans,i.e.translationsofpublishablequality.ThisillustratestheuseofMTfordissemination.Ithasbeensatisfied,tosomeextent,bymachinetranslationsystemseversincetheywerefirstdevelopedinthe1960s.However,MTsystemproduceoutputwhichmustinvariablyberevisedor“post-edited”byhumantranslatorsifitistoreachthequalityrequired.Sometimessuchrevisionmaybesubstantial,sothatineffecttheMTsystemisproducinga“draft”translation.Asanalternative,theinputtextmayberegularized(or“controlled”invocabularyandsentencestructure)sothattheMTsystemproducesfewerrorswhichhavetobecorrected.SomeMTsystemshave,however,beendevelopedtodealwithaverynarrowrangeoftextcontentandlanguagestyle,andthesemayrequirelittleornopreparationorrevisionoftexts.

Thesecondbasicdemandisfortranslationsatasomewhatlowerlevelofquality,whichareintendedforuserswhowanttofindouttheessentialcontentofaparticulardocument—andgenerally,asquicklyaspossible.Thisdemand—theuseofMTforassimilation—hasbeenmetinthepastas,ineffect,aby-productofsystemsdesignedoriginallyforthedisseminationapplication.SinceMTsystemsdidnot(andstillcannot)producehighqualitytranslations,someusershavefoundthattheycanextractwhattheyneedtoknowfromtheuneditedoutput.Theywouldratherhavesometranslation,howeverpoor,thannotranslationatall.WiththecomingofcheaperPC-basedsystemsonthemarket,thistypeofusehasgrownrapidlyandsubstantially.

Thethirdtypeofdemand—MTforinterchange—comesfromtheneedforimmediatetranslationinordertoconveythebasiccontentofmessages.MTsystemsarefindinga“natural”role,sincetheycanoperatevirtuallyorinfactinreal-timeandon-lineandtherehasbeenlittleobjectiontotheinevitablepoorquality,andareusefulinproducingspokenlanguagetranslations,e.g.fortelephoneconversationsandbusinessnegotiations.Theproblemsofintegratingspeechrecognitionandautomatictranslationareobviouslyhardtotackle,butprogressisneverthelessbeingmade.Inthefuture—stilldistant,perhaps—wemayexpecton-lineMTsystemsforthetranslationofspeechinhighlyrestricteddomains.

Thefourthareaofapplicationisfortranslationwithinmultilingualsystemsofinformationretrieval,informationextraction,databaseaccess,etc.ThisfieldisthefocusofanumberofprojectsinEuropeatthepresenttime,whichhavetheaimofwideningaccessforallmembersoftheEuropeanUniontosourcesofdataandinformationwhateverthesourcelanguage.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthatinrenderingpublishabletranslationsofliteraryworks,（

）.

2.MTsystemswillmakefewerrorsif

（

）.

3.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,usersofMTforassimilation

（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthatwiththeprogressivesophisticationofMTsystems,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.MTsystems’performanceissatisfactorytoasubstantialdegree

B.littlecouldbedonebyMTsystemsdevelopedsofar

C.MTsystemscandomuchbetterthanhumantranslators

D.considerablerevisiononMTproducedtextsisneeded

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thelanguageoftheoriginaltextisstandard

B.thelanguageoftheoriginaltextissimplified

C.thelanguageoftheoriginaltextiscontrolled

D.theoriginaltextdealswithaspecializedsubject

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aregrowingfastinnumber

B.complainalotaboutitspoorquality

C.cangetlittlefromtheuneditedoutput

D.wouldratherhavenotranslationatall

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onecancommunicateonthephonewithanotherwhospeaksadifferentlanguage

B.interpreterswillnolongerbeusefulininternationalnegotiationsorconferences

C.itwillbeonlynaturalthatpeoplewillfindlittleneedtolearnaforeignlanguage

D.peoplewillfindnocausetocomplainaboutthequalityoftextsturnedoutbythem

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第二段說到MT系統(tǒng)的問題出現(xiàn)在“However,MTsystemproduceoutputwhichmustinvariablyberevisedor“post-edited”byhumantranslatorsifitistoreachthequalityrequired.Sometimessuchrevisionmaybesubstantial,sothatineffecttheMTsystemisproducinga“draft”translation.然而，如果要達(dá)到要求的質(zhì)量，MTsystem所產(chǎn)生翻譯必須由人工譯者進(jìn)行修改或“后期編輯”。有時(shí)這樣的修改可能是實(shí)質(zhì)性的，因此MT系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上是在生成一個(gè)“草稿”翻譯?！闭f明MT系統(tǒng)翻譯出來的成品需要人工修改，D選項(xiàng)“需要對(duì)MT產(chǎn)生的文本進(jìn)行大量修訂”符合題意。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞fewerrors定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Asanalternative,theinputtextmayberegularized(or‘controlled’invocabularyandsentencestructure)sothattheMTsystemproducesfewerrorswhichhavetobecorrected.作為一種替代方法，輸入文本可以被正規(guī)化(或在詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)上“受控”)，這樣機(jī)器翻譯系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的需要糾正的錯(cuò)誤就很少?！币虼藯l件就是“控制”輸入文本的語言。C選項(xiàng)“原文的語言被控制”符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞assimilation定位到文章第三段第二句“Thisdemand—theuseofMTforassimilation—hasbeenmetinthepastas,ineffect,aby-productofsystemsdesignedoriginallyforthedisseminationapplication.這一需求——使用MT進(jìn)行同化——在過去已經(jīng)得到滿足，實(shí)際上，它是最初為傳播應(yīng)用而設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)的副產(chǎn)品。”最后一句補(bǔ)充說到“WiththecomingofcheaperPC-basedsystemsonthemarket,thistypeofusehasgrownrapidlyandsubstantially.隨著市場(chǎng)上更便宜的基于pc的系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)，這種類型的使用（使用MT進(jìn)行同化）已經(jīng)迅速而顯著地增長(zhǎng)?！庇纱丝芍狝選項(xiàng)“數(shù)量正迅速增長(zhǎng)”正確。

4.判斷推理題。題干中的theprogressivesophisticationofMTsystems“MT系統(tǒng)的逐步成熟”，說明問的是MT系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭，第四段最后一句說到“Theproblemsofintegratingspeechrecognitionandautomatictranslationareobviouslyhardtotackle,butprogressisneverthelessbeingmade.Inthefuture—stilldistant,perhaps—wemayexpecton-lineMTsystemsforthetranslationofspeechinhighlyrestricteddomains.語音識(shí)別與自動(dòng)翻譯的融合問題顯然難以解決，但仍在不斷取得進(jìn)展。在未來——也許還是遙遠(yuǎn)的未來——我們可以期待在高度受限的領(lǐng)域中實(shí)現(xiàn)語音翻譯的在線機(jī)器翻譯系統(tǒng)?！庇纱丝芍磥淼倪M(jìn)展可能出現(xiàn)在“在線機(jī)器語音翻譯”這方面，對(duì)比選項(xiàng)可得A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人可以通過電話與另一個(gè)說不同語言的人交流”符合文意。

7.翻譯題

ThegovernmentisdesperatetosellthemosttroubledofSouthKorea’sbigcompaniestoforeigners.This,ministersbelieve,isthebestwaytoacceleratethecorporaterestructuringbeguninthewakeoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1997,andtoclearthewayformoresustainableeconomicgrowth.Thisweek,aftermonthsofon-offtalkswithforeignsuitors,thegovernment’splansmovedabigstepforward,andthenanequallybigstepback.

【答案】政府急切地想把韓國(guó)處境最艱難的公司賣給外國(guó)人。官員們相信，這是加快自1997年金融危機(jī)開始的企業(yè)重組的最佳途徑，也是為可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)開辟道路的最佳途徑。在與外國(guó)收購(gòu)者進(jìn)行了數(shù)月斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的談判后，本周，政府的計(jì)劃向前邁出了一大步，然后又后退了一大步。

8.單選題

Myworkwithleadersfromallwalksoflifehas（

）methattheywerenotbornleaders—theyaremade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advocated

B.implied

C.convinced

D.illustrated

【答案】C

【解析】convincesb.that“使某人相信...”。句意:我與各行各業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的共事讓我相信,他們不是天生的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,而是后天形成的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.單選題

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister（）thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectified

B.recited

C.rekindled

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。rectify“調(diào)整，矯正”；recite“背誦，敘述”；rekindle“復(fù)燃”；reiterate“重申，重復(fù)”。句意：在記者招待會(huì)上，首相重申了政府拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)這一申明。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

ThereisnoeasysolutiontoJapan’slabour（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.rarity

C.vacancy

D.shortage

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。decline“下降”；rarity“罕見”；vacancy“空缺，空白”；shortage“短缺”。句意：日本勞動(dòng)力短缺的問題不容易解決。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Thisnewroundoflayoffoccurringinmajorindustrialcitieswillonlyreduceprofitsand（

）aneconomiccrisis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectify

B.precipitate

C.offend

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rectify“改正，校正”；B選項(xiàng)precipitate“使……突然降臨；加速（壞事的發(fā)生），使突然陷入（某種狀態(tài)）”；C選項(xiàng)offend“得罪，冒犯，犯罪”；D選項(xiàng)alternate“交替，輪流”。由reduceprofitsand_____aneconomiccrisis（減少利潤(rùn)和_____經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)）可知B選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：主要工業(yè)城市新一輪的停產(chǎn)只會(huì)降低利潤(rùn)并陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。

12.單選題

Withoutclearguidelines（）,executivesofhospitalsaresometimesatalosswhattodo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inorder

B.inplace

C.inneed

D.introuble

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)inorder“有序的，整齊的”；B選項(xiàng)inplace“合適的，在合適的位置，執(zhí)行的，設(shè)立的”；C選項(xiàng)inneed“需要……的，需要幫忙的”；D選項(xiàng)introuble“有麻煩”。句意：在沒有（）明確的指導(dǎo)方針的情況下，醫(yī)院的管理人員有時(shí)不知所措。A、C和D選項(xiàng)明顯不符合題意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confession

B.identification

C.acknowledgement

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。confession“坦白，供認(rèn)”；identification“鑒定；身份證”；acknowledgement“承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)”；compliment“贊美”。句意：盡管女性文化的重要性成為統(tǒng)一承認(rèn)的事情，但是在世界的許多國(guó)家，教育仍然是許多女性的夢(mèng)想。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Mostpeopleleftandthe（）satdowntowait.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.remnants

B.remedy

C.remains

D.remainder

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)remnants“殘余；殘留物”；B選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救；解決辦法”；C選項(xiàng)remains“殘余物；剩飯菜”；D選項(xiàng)remainder“殘余；剩余物”。句意：大部分人都離開了，……坐著等。remnants一般是指殘余部分、殘跡。remains一般是指古跡，遺跡；遺骸等。句中的主語是人，大部分都走了，還有一部分剩下的人坐著等。remainder做名詞時(shí)側(cè)重于人和錢的剩余。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Hehasneverworriedabouthispropertiesbecausehehas（）themagainstdisastersandtheft.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assured

B.ensured

C.insured

D.secured

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指投保。只有選項(xiàng)C表示投保，所以正確。

16.單選題

HefirstreadthisbookbyborrowingitfromhisChineseclassmateatOxford.Andhewassoenchanted.Inordertotranslateit,heevenresignedfromhischairatOxford.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contented

B.fascinated

C.frustrated

D.astonished

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.contented（尤指因生活好而）滿意的，愜意的B.fascinated入迷的，極感興趣的

C.frustrated無效的，沒有得到滿足的D.astonished吃驚的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】enchanted的意思為“著了魔的；極樂的”，在這里指的是看到這本書被深深地吸引，非常高興和激動(dòng)，fascinated與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】他第一次讀這本書是從他在牛津大學(xué)的中國(guó)同學(xué)那里借來讀的，然后就被迷住了。為了翻譯這本書，他甚至辭去了牛津大學(xué)的教職。

17.單選題

Itisaninescapablefactthattomostpeople______whenfailingpowersofmindorbodymakeitimpossibleforthemtomanagetheirdailyliveswithoutsomesortofhelp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whosetimecomes

B.forwhomtimecomes

C.itcomestime

D.therecomesatime

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.whosetimecomes……的時(shí)候到了B.forwhomtimecomes對(duì)于某人來說時(shí)候到了

C.itcomestime時(shí)候到了D.therecomesatime有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候

【考查點(diǎn)】固定句式。

【解題思路】由空格后面的when可知，therecomesatimewhen…為常用的固定句式，表示“……時(shí)候到了，有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候……”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

Fact后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，不能用whose或者whom來充當(dāng)從句中的主語，A、B選項(xiàng)不符合從句語法；

C選項(xiàng)沒有這個(gè)用法，排除。

【句意】對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，有這么一個(gè)時(shí)候，當(dāng)心智或身體力量的衰退使他們?cè)跊]有某種幫助的情況下無法管理他們的日常生活，這是一個(gè)不可避免的事實(shí)。

18.單選題

Themedicine（

）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.activated

B.mediated

C.alleviated

D.deteriorated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。activate意為“使活動(dòng)，觸發(fā)”；mediate意為“調(diào)解，調(diào)停”；alleviate意為“減輕，緩和”；deteriorate意為“使惡化”。

句意：藥物緩解了他的疼痛，但并沒有治愈他的疾病。

19.單選題

Marywastakeninonmorethanoneoccasion,forshewould（

）anystory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swallow

B.speculate

C.grope

D.distort

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。swallow“忍受，吞沒”；speculate“推測(cè)，投機(jī)，思索”；grope“摸索，探索”；distort“扭曲，使失真”。句意：瑪麗不止一次被騙，因?yàn)樗菀纵p信任何故事。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Untilthen,hisfamily（）fromhimforsixyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn’thear

B.hasn’tbeenhearing

C.hadn’theard

D.hasn’theard

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。題干中有關(guān)鍵的時(shí)間狀語untilthen以及forsixmonths提示謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過去的某一時(shí)刻才完成，因此謂語要用過去完成時(shí)，表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。句意：直到那時(shí)，他家里已經(jīng)六個(gè)月沒收到他的來信了。A選項(xiàng)didn'’hear,一般過去時(shí)只表示過去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài),不能與時(shí)間狀語forsixmonths，A選項(xiàng)排除，連用.B)hasn’tbeenhearing,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)刻繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,與題意不符。C選項(xiàng)hasn’theard，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)刻到現(xiàn)在為止發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。而題中的then只表示過去的某一時(shí)刻，不能表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。由選項(xiàng)意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

Iaskedthetailortomakeasmall（）tomytrousersbecausetheyweretoolong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alteration

B.variation

C.revision

D.change

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)alteration“修改；更改”；B選項(xiàng)variation“變化；變更”；C選項(xiàng)revision“修正；復(fù)習(xí)”；D選項(xiàng)change“變化；改變”。alteration尤指部分的改變，可用于服裝的改長(zhǎng)短；variation一般是指(形式、位置、條件的)變化、改變、變動(dòng)；revision常指文章、詞典、劇本等的修改、訂正；change改變，變化，可指表面的、本質(zhì)的、內(nèi)在的變化。句意：我要求裁縫對(duì)我的褲子稍作……，因?yàn)樘L(zhǎng)了。句中指的是對(duì)trousers“長(zhǎng)褲”的修改，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

22.單選題

AsistheChinesecook’scustom,mymotheralwaysmade（）remarksaboutherowncooking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.optional

B.plural

C.negative

D.slender

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。optional“可選的”；plural“復(fù)數(shù)的，多樣的”；negative“消極的，否定的”；slender“細(xì)長(zhǎng)的，苗條的”。句意：就像許多中國(guó)廚師一樣，我母親經(jīng)常對(duì)自己的廚藝予以否定評(píng)價(jià)。能修飾remarks的只有C項(xiàng)。

23.翻譯題

Themethodofscientificinvestigationisnothingbuttheexpressionofthenecessarymodeofworkingofthehumanmind:itissimplythemodebywhichallphenomenaarereasonedaboutandgivenpreciseandexactexplanations.Thedifferencebetweentheoperationsandmethodsofabakerweighingouthisgoodsincommonscales,andtheoperationsofachemistbymeansofhisbalanceisnotthatthescalesintheonecase,andthebalanceintheother,differintheprinciplesoftheirconstructionormannerofworking:butthatthelatterisamuchfinerapparatusandofcoursemuchmoreaccurateinitsmeasurementthantheformer.

Probablythereisnotoneherewhohasnotinthecourseofthedayhadoccasiontosetinmotionofacomplextrainofreasoning,oftheverysamekind,thoughdifferingindegree,asthatwhichascientificmangoesthroughintracingthecausesofnaturalphenomena.

【答案】科學(xué)研究的方法不過是人類思維活動(dòng)的必要表達(dá)方式，也就是對(duì)一切現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行思索并給以精確而嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)解釋的表達(dá)方式。用普通天平稱物品的面包師與用精密天平的化學(xué)家在操作與方法上存在差別，但這種差別并不是兩者的天平在構(gòu)造和工作原理上存在不同，而是說與前者相比，后者是一種更精密得多的裝置，因而在計(jì)量上必然更準(zhǔn)確得多。

在座的諸位中，大概不會(huì)有人一整天都沒有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行一連串復(fù)雜的思考活動(dòng)，這些思考活動(dòng)與科學(xué)家在探索自然現(xiàn)象原因時(shí)所經(jīng)歷的思考活動(dòng)，盡管復(fù)雜程度不同，但在類型上是完全一樣的。

24.單選題

ThisisanenormousfieldofwhichIcantouchonlythe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pan

B.outside

C.fringe

D.edge

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。pan“盤狀的器皿”；outside“外部”；fringe“邊緣”，也指（相對(duì)于主要部分而言的）較次要部分；edge“邊緣，優(yōu)勢(shì)”，普通用詞，指較窄的邊沿。句意：這是一個(gè)龐大的領(lǐng)域，我只能觸及它的邊緣。潛在意思就是只了解一個(gè)大概，并且都是一些不重要的東西，所以選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

25.翻譯題

Considerthesurveyevidence,whichshowsthatwhilemostAmericanswanttohavebothscienceandreligionintheirlives,they’llonlygosofartopreservetheformerattheexpenseofthelatter.

【答案】根據(jù)調(diào)查證據(jù)思考發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管許多人在他們的生命里都想擁有科學(xué)和宗教，但是目前他們只會(huì)保留前者，而以后者為代價(jià)。

26.單選題

Theteacherwasinaragewithhim,forhishandwritinginthecompositionwas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illegible

B.incomprehensible

C.inaudible

D.decipherable

【答案】A

【解析】illegible難以辨認(rèn)的,字跡潦草的；incomprehensible費(fèi)解的,不可思議的；inaudible聽不見的；decipherable可辨認(rèn)的,可解密的。句意：老師對(duì)他很生氣,因?yàn)樗淖魑淖舟E潦草。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

27.單選題

Wemusttakepartinphysicallaborinorderto（）ourselvesmorecloselywiththeworkingpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.combine

B.incorporate

C.involve

D.identify

【答案】D

【解析】identifyoneselfwith表示“與……密切聯(lián)系”“到……中去”的意思；incorporatewith意為“與……合作（結(jié)合）”；combinewith意為“與……聯(lián)合”；involveoneselfin意為“參與”“卷入”，不與with搭配。本句意為：我們必須參加體力勞動(dòng)，目的是更好地與群眾打成一片?！芭c……打成一片”還可以用integrateoneselfwith。

28.單選題

She（）toeveryonethatalthoughherfatherwasinjailshewasanupstandingcitizen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.venerated

B.veered

C.denounced

D.avowed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)venerate“崇敬，尊敬”；B選項(xiàng)veer“使轉(zhuǎn)向；使順風(fēng)”；C選項(xiàng)denounce“譴責(zé)；告發(fā)”；D選項(xiàng)avow“承認(rèn)；公開宣稱；坦率承認(rèn)”。句意：她向所有人公開宣稱，盡管她的父親坐牢，但是她卻是一位正直的市民。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)D正確。

29.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thetwo-month-oldbabyhashardlyrousedhimselffromthelongnightofhisfirstweeksinthisworldwhenheisconfrontedwithsomeofthedifficultproblemsoftherace.Weinvitehimtostudythenatureofreality,todifferentiateselfandnon-self,andtoestablishusefulcriteriaineachofthesecategories.

Asimilarprojectinacademicresearchwouldrequireextensivelaboratoryequipmentandpersonnel;tobefairaboutit,ithastakenjustthattoreconstructtheexperimentsoftheinfant.Andtherearefewgrownandqualifiedscientistswhocanequaltheinfantforzealandenergyinsortingouttherawdatainthisproject.Hisequipmentislimitedtohissensoryorgans,hishands,hismouth,andaprimitivememoryapparatus.

Attwomonths,aswehaveseen,herecognizesanobjectthatweknowtobeahumanfaceandweknowtobeanobjectoutsidehimself.Buttothebabythisisjustanimage,animageincidentallythathecan’tdifferentiatefromthementalimage,thepictureinmemory.Butthisfaceisonepieceinthejigsawpuzzle—akeypiece,wethink.Thengraduallyintheweekstocometheassociationofbreastorbottle,ofhands,voice,amultitudeofpleasurablesenseexperiencesbegintoclusteraroundthisfaceandtoformthecrudeimageofaperson.

Meantimetheinfantisconductingaseriesofcomplicatedexperimentsinsensorydiscrimination.Wemustrememberthatintheearlymonthshedoesnotdiscriminatebetweenhisbodyandotherbodies.Whenheclutchesthefingerofhismotherorhisfatherhedoesn’tseeitassomeoneelse’sfingerandhisbehaviorindicatesthathetreatsitexactlythesameashedoeshisownfinger.Ittakeshimsometime,infact,torecognizehisownhandatsightandtoacquireevenarudimentaryfeelingthatthisispartofhisownbody.Inthefirstgroupofexperimentshediscoversthattheobjectthatpassesoccasionallyinfrontofhiseyes(whichweknowtobehishand)isthesameastheobjectwithvisualandtastequalitiesthathecanidentify.Inanotherexperimentalserieshediscoversthatthesensationsthataccompanytheintroductionofthisobjectintohismoutharedifferentfromthoseexperiencedwhenhetakesanippleintohismouth:oratoy,orhismother’sorfather’sfinger.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,“someofthedifficultproblemsoftherace”(Para.1)refersto________.

2.Theauthorcomparesababywithascientist(Para.2)inordertomakethepointthat________.

3.Theauthorapparentlybelievesthatinfancylearningbeginswith________.

4.Theaccountofhowaninfantlearnstodiscriminatebetweenhisownbodyandthebodyofotherssuggeststhat________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.figuringoutwhatisimaginary

B.beingabletomakedistinctions

C.understandingthatdreamsarenotreal

D.findingtheexactpositionofoneself

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.infantsaretirelessintheireffortstounderstandtheirenvironments

B.infantsuseaformofthescientificmethod

C.scientificexperimentationistimeconsuming

D.manyscientificstudieshavebeendoneonhowinfantslearn

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.feelingofbeingloved

B.thebaby’ssenses

C.imagesthattheinfantsees

D.ideasstoredintheinfant’smemory

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thereareseveraldifferenttheoriesabouttheprocess

B.thediscriminationprocessfollowsaprecisesequence

C.somebabieslearnmorequicklythanothers

D.malebabieslearndifferentlyfromfemalebabies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段第三句Weinvitehimtostudythenatureofreality,todifferentiateselfandnon-self,andtoestablishusefulcriteriaineachofthesecategories.（我們邀請(qǐng)他來研究現(xiàn)實(shí)的本質(zhì)，來區(qū)分自我和非自我，并在每一個(gè)類別中建立有用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。）由此可知一些人類的難題指的是B選項(xiàng)“能夠做出區(qū)分”；其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)“弄清楚什么是虛幻”；C選項(xiàng)“理解夢(mèng)境不是真的”；D選項(xiàng)“為自己找到準(zhǔn)確的位置”都沒有提及。

第2題:推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段第二句Andtherearefewgrownandqualifiedscientistswhocanequaltheinfantforzealandenergyinsortingouttherawdatainthisproject.（在整理這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的原始數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，很少有成熟和合格的科學(xué)家能像嬰兒一樣有熱情和精力。）由此可以推斷A選項(xiàng)“嬰兒不知疲倦的去了解自己所在的環(huán)境”正確；其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)“嬰兒使用一種科學(xué)方法”；C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)是耗時(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)“研究嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)有很多”都不符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段第一、二句Attwomonths,aswehaveseen,herecognizesanobjectthatweknowtobeahumanfaceandweknowtobeanobjectoutsidehimself.Buttothebabythisisjustanimage,animageincidentallythathecan’tdifferentiatefromthementalimage,thepictureinmemory.（兩個(gè)月大的時(shí)候，正如我們所看到的那樣，他認(rèn)出了一個(gè)物體，這個(gè)物體我們知道是人臉而且知道這是一個(gè)自身以外的物體。但對(duì)嬰兒來說，這只是一個(gè)圖像，一個(gè)他無法與感覺區(qū)分的圖像，是記憶里的圖片）從這句話中我們可以判斷嬰兒的學(xué)習(xí)開始于選項(xiàng)C“嬰兒看到的影像”；A選項(xiàng)“被愛的感覺”；B選項(xiàng)“嬰兒的感覺”；D選項(xiàng)“儲(chǔ)藏在嬰兒記憶中的想法”文中沒有提及。

第4題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干第三段最后一句Thengraduallyintheweekstocometheassociationofbreastorbottle,ofhands,voice,am