第十九篇Muical音樂的Robot機器人

Companion伴侶Enhances提升Listener

聽眾Experience體驗Shimi,amusicalcompaniondeveloped開發(fā)byGeorgiaTech's技術學院Center中心forMusicTechnology技術,recommendssongs,dancestothebeatandkeepsthemusicpumpingbasedon基于listenerfeedback反饋.（第4題答案出處）Thesmartphone-enabled,one-fbot-tallrobot（第1題答案出處1）isbilledasaninteractive互動的“musicalfriend”（第3題答案出題1）“Shimiisdesignedtochangethewaythatpeopleenjoyandthinkabouttheirmusic，”saidProfessorGilWeinberg,therobot'screator.HewillunveiltherobotattheJune27thGoogleI/OconferenceinSanFrancisco.AbandofthreeShimirobotswillperformforguests,dancinginsyncwithmusiccreatedinthelabandcomposedaccordingtoitsmovements.Shimiisessentiallyadockingstationwitha“brain”poweredbyanAndroidphone.Oncedocked,therobotgainsthesensingandmusicalgenerationcapabilitiesoftheuser'smobiledevice.Inotherwords,ifthere'san“app”forthat,Shimiisready.Forinstance,byusingthephone'scameraandface-detectingsoftware，Shimicanfollowalisteneraroundtheroomandpositionits“ears”，orspeakers,foroptimalsound.Anotherrecognitionfeatureisbasedonrhythmandtempo.Iftheusertapsabeat,Shimianalyzesit,scansthephone'smusicallibraryandimmediatelyplaysthesongthatbest最好的matche（第2題答案出處）thesuggestion.Oncethemusicstarts，Shimidancestotherhythm.“Manypeoplethinkthatrobotsarelimitedbytheirprogramminginstructions,saidMusicTechnologyPh.D.candidateMasonBretan.“Shimishowsusthatrobotscanbecreativeandinteractive.（第3題答案出題2）''FutureappsintheworkswillallowtheusertoshaketheirheadindisagreementorwaveahandintheairtoalertShimitoskiptothenextsongorincrease/decreasethevolume.Therobotwillalsohavethecapabilitytorecommendnewmusicbasedontheuser'ssongchoicesandprovidefeedbackonthemusicplaylist.WeinberghopesotherdeveloperswillbeinspiredtocreatemoreappstoexpandShimi'screativeandinteractivecapabilities.“Ibelievethatourcenterisaheadofarevolutionthatwillseemorerobotsinhomes.”Weinbergsaid.WeinbergisintheprocessofcommercializingShimithroughanexclusivelicensingagreementwithGeorgiaTech.Weinberghopestomaketherobotavailabletoconsumersbythe2013holidayseason.“Ifrobotsaregoingtoarriveinhomes,-wethinkthattheywillbethiskindofmachines一small,entertaining~andfUn，（第5題答案出處）Weinbergsaid.“Theywillenhanceyourlifeandpavethewayformoreintelligentservicerobotsinourlives.”本文的標題信息量很大，完全可以猜到全文將以“音樂機器人的特點，以及它們如何服務人類”的主線進行論述。練習：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs?——對錯類AShimiisaone-foot-tallrobot.BShimiisthecreator創(chuàng)造者ofthemusicalcompanion.CShimiisadockingstationwitha“brain”poweredbyanAndroidphone.DShimicangainthesensingandmusicalgenerationcapabilitiesoftheuser^smobiledevice.由于此對錯題沒有關鍵詞，且涉及到文章前三段，排除范圍會比較大。但可通過選項中的醒目詞反向定位關鍵詞找到答案的位置，排除選項A、C。結合“有相對性詞往往是對的概念”，排除選項D。WhatdoesShimidoiftheusertapsabeat?----細節(jié)類AItstoresthebeatinthemusicallibrary.BIttransmitsthebeattothedockingstation.CItpositionsitsspeakersforoptimalsound.DItselectsaperfectly完美的-matched匹配的songandplaysitinsyncwiththatbeat.選項D與答案出處的原文是同義替換，不確定的情況下可借助字典排查WhichofthefollowingaboutShimiistrue?----對錯類ARobotsarelimitedbytheirprogramminginstructions,andShimiisnoexception.BPresentappsallowtheusertoshaketheirheadtoalertShimitoskiptothenextsong.CExistingappsallowtheusertowaveahandtoalertShimitoturnup/downthevolume.DShimicanbecreative創(chuàng)造性的andinteractive互動的.有相對性詞的優(yōu)先考慮，由于about后為Shimi（機器人名），出現(xiàn)頻率過高，需仔細尋找。Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?---主題類ATheresearch研究center中心isdeveloping開發(fā)astronger更強大的andmoreversatile多才多藝的Shimi.BWeinbergonlyexpectsstaffsfromGeorgiaTech.todevelopmoreappsforShimi.CShimiisnotyettechnologicallyreadyforcommercialization.DRobotssuchasShimiarecreatedforlargecorporationsratherthanhomes.出現(xiàn)“author”一般為主題類題型，選答案時應結合文章中心句WhichofthefollowingisWeinberg'sassertion主張?----態(tài)度觀點類AShimiasaroboticmusicalcompanioncanbeappliedtoalltypesofsmartphones.BhumanliveswillbefilledwithmorefunifShimiisgoingtoarriveinhomes.CShimi'screativeandinteractivecapabilitiesareappreciatedbymostofitsusers.DWeinberghasreachedanagreementwithGeorgiaTechtocommercializeShimi.通過“assertion主張”將該題分類為態(tài)度觀點類題，答案在全文倒數(shù)第二句話第二十九篇：I'llBeBachComposerDavidCope（第1題關鍵詞）istheinventorofacomputerprogramthatwritesoriginalworksofclassicalmusic（第1題答案出處）.IttookCope30yearstodevelopthesoftware.Nowmostpeoplecan'ttellthedifference區(qū)另tlbetweenmusicbythefamousGermancomposer作曲家J.S.Bach（1685--1750）andtheBach-like類似巴赫compositions作品，fromCope'scomputer.作曲家大衛(wèi)?科普發(fā)明了一個計算機軟件，它能編寫出古典音樂的原創(chuàng)作品?？破栈?0年才完成這個軟件?，F(xiàn)在，科普的計算機寫出的作品與德國著名作曲家J?S.巴赫寫的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。Itallstartedin1980intheUnitedStates,whenCope（第2題關鍵詞）wastryingtowriteanopera（第2題答案出處）.Hewashavingtroublethinkingofnewmelodies,sohewroteacomputerprogram程序tocreatethemelodies旋律.Atfirstthismusicwasnoteasytolistento.WhatdidCopedo?Hebegantorethinkhowhumanbeingscomposemusic.Herealizedthatcomposers'brainsworklikebigdatabases.First,theytakeinallthemusicthattheyhaveeverheard.Thentheytakeoutthemusicthattheydislike.Finally,theymakenewmusicfromwhatisleft.AccordingtoCope,onlythegreatcomposers（第3題關鍵詞）areabletocreatethedatabaseaccurately,rememberit,andformnewmusicalpatterns模式fromit（第3題答案出處）這一切始于1980年的美國，那時科普正在寫一部歌劇，但是他無法創(chuàng)作出新的旋律，于是他編寫了一個計算機軟件來幫他編曲。最開始的時候，軟件寫出的樂曲并不動聽?？破帐窃趺醋龅哪兀克_始重新考慮人們作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大腦就像一個大數(shù)據(jù)庫，他們先是吸收他們聽過的所有音樂，然后去除他們不喜歡的，最后再根據(jù)留下的音樂來創(chuàng)作出新的旋律?？破照J為，只有偉大的作曲家才能建立好的數(shù)據(jù)庫，并且能熟記于心，從而創(chuàng)作出新的咅樂。Copebuiltahugedatabaseofexistingmusic.HebeganwithhundredsofworksbyBach.Thesoftwareanalyzedthedata:itbrokeitdownintosmallerpiecesandlookedforpatterns.Itthencombinedthepiecesintonewpatterns.Beforelong,theprogramcouldcomposeshortBach-likeworks.Theyweren'tgood,butitwasastart.科普根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的音樂建立了龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫。最開始的時候，數(shù)據(jù)庫包含了幾百部巴赫的作品?？破盏能浖⑦@些數(shù)據(jù)進行分析：首先它將音樂拆解成小的片段，從中找出固定模式，然后將片段組合成新的模式。不久，這個軟件就能夠寫出和巴赫風格很像的小曲子。它們并不完美，但這只是個開始。Copeknewhehadmoreworktodo-hehadawholeoperatowrite.Hecontinuedtoimprovethesoftware.Soonitcouldanalyzemorecomplexmusic.Healsoaddedmanyothercomposers,includinghisownwork,tothedatabase.科普知道，他要做的還有很多一他得寫出一整部歌劇。他進一步完善他的軟件，不久它就能夠寫出更復雜的音樂了。他還在數(shù)據(jù)庫中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。Afewyearslater,Cope'scomputerprogram程序（第4題答案出處）,called"Emmy"（第4題關鍵詞）,wasreadytohelphimwithhisopera.TheprocessrequiredalotofcollaborationbetweenthecomposerandEmmy.Copelistenedtothecomputer'smusicalideasandusedtheonesthatheliked.WithEmmy,theoperatookonlytwoweekstofinish.ItwascalledCradleFalling,anditwasagreatsuccess!Copereceivedsomeofthebestreviewsofhiscareer,butnooneknewexactlyhowhehadcomposedthework.幾年后，科普的軟件“艾米”已經能夠幫助他創(chuàng)作歌劇了。創(chuàng)作過程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合?？破振雎牥讓懗龅囊魳菲危瑥闹羞x取他認為好的。有了艾米的幫助，科普只用了兩個星期就完成了這部歌劇，叫作《搖籃墜落》。演出獲得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以來最高的評價，但是沒有人知道他究竟是怎樣創(chuàng)作出這部歌劇的。Sincethatfirstopera,Emmyhaswrittenthousandsofcompositions.CopestillgivesEmmyfeedbackonwhathelikesanddoesn'tlikeofhermusic,butsheisdoingmostofthehardworkofcomposing(第5題答案出處)thesedays!從那以后，艾米已經寫了上千部作品?？破宅F(xiàn)在依然會給艾米反饋，告訴她自己哪些音樂是他喜歡的，哪些是不喜歡的，但是現(xiàn)在大部分的工作是由艾米來完成的！練習：ThemusiccomposedbyDavidCopeisaboutclassicalmusic古典音樂popmusic流行音樂drama戲劇countrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂Bydevelopingacomputersoftware軟件，DavidCopeaimedtobelikeBachtostudyBachtowriteanopera歌劇tocreateamusicaldatabase數(shù)據(jù)庫WhatdidCoperealizeaboutagreat偉大的composer'sbrain?Itworkslikeabigdatabase.Itwritesacomputerprogram.Itcanrecognize識另Uanymusicpatterns.Itcancreatemelodies.旋律WhoisEmmy?adatabaseacomputersoftware軟件acomposerwhohelpedDavidanoperaWecaninfer推斷fromthepassagethatDavidCopeisacomputerprogrammerDavidCopelovesmusicBach'smusichelpedhimalotEmmydidmuchmoreworkthanacomposer答案與題解：A第一段的第一句：DavidCope發(fā)明了一個可以編寫出古典音樂的電腦軟件。c從第二段的第一句可以看出，David編寫電腦軟件的目的是寫歌劇。A、B和D都屬于創(chuàng)作歌劇的一部分。D第二段的后半部分講的是偉大的歌劇作者與一般的歌劇作者的不同之處是通過對數(shù)據(jù)進行準確的構建、記憶而后創(chuàng)作出新的音樂形式。B從第五段第一句可知Emmy是一計算機軟件。'D從本文第一句可知David是一個作曲家，不是計算機程序員，所以排除A;B、C內容沒有提及；從本文的第五段和第六段可知，Emmy大大提高了David的創(chuàng)作速度，最后一句，大部分困難的工作都由Emmy來做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。提問ThemusiccomposedbyDavidCopeisaboutDavidCope創(chuàng)作的音樂是有關于Bydevelopingacomputersoftware,DavidCopeaimed通過開發(fā)電腦軟件，DavidCope的目標是WhatdidCoperealizeabouta