2020-2021學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語筆試試卷（新高考）（山東版）筆試注意事項(xiàng)：答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上?；卮疬x擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheHitchhiker'sGuidetotheGalaxy(HG2G)byDouglasAdamsThisisacomedyscience-fictionseriesaboutaman'sadventuresinspace.ItwasinitiallyaradiocomedybroadcastonBBCRadio4.Itisextremelyfunnyandinventive,andhasaveryBritishsenseofhumor,whosetruemeaningsforeignreaderscanhardlymakeoutthoughithasbeentranslatedintoFrenchandItalianandsoon.ButwhenIreaditIfeelastrongconnectiontomyhome.ItwaspublishedinpaperbackbyPanBooks,afterBBCPublishinghadturneddowntheofferofpublishinganovelization,anactiontheylaterregretted.TheSecretGardenbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettHaveyoueverreadadescriptionofalandscapeorcountrysidethatmadeyoufeellikeyouwereactuallythere?Forme,thisbookdoesexactlythat.Itisaboutayounggirlwhoistakentoliveinabighouseinmyhometownanddiscoversasecretgarden.Daddy-Long-LegsbyJeanWebsterThisbooktakestheformofaseriesofletters,andfollowsthestoryofayoungorphan（孤^兒），Judy,asshegoestouniversityanddiscoversawholeworldofnewexperiences.Thisbookalwaysremindsmeofmyfamily,especiallymymother,becausesheusedtoreadittomewhenIwasillinbed.TheRailwayChildrenbyE.NesbitThiswasoneofmyfavoritebookswhenIwasyounger,andforthisreasonitstillstronglyremindsmeofEnglandandmychildhood.ItisalsosetinYorkshirewhereIwasbornandspentmychildhood,andfollowsthreechildrenlivingnexttoarailwayandtheiradventures.WhatdoweknowaboutHG2G?Itwasbasedontrueadventures.Itslanguageisabstractandinventive.Itshumorishardforforeignerstounderstand.Itwasadaptedforradioafterbeingpublished.Whichbooksaresetinthesameplace?Daddy-Long-Legs&HG2G.TheSecretGarden&TheRailwayChildren.TheSecretGarden&HG2G.DaddyLongLegs&TheRailwayChildren.Whatdoallthebookshaveincommon?Theyfollowchildren'sadventures.TheyareBritishcountrysideseries.Theyrefertotheauthor'schildhood.Theybringmemoriesofhometotheauthor.JessicaBurks'homeisfullofopportunities.Packagedslime（黏土）inavarietyofcolorsandpleasantsmellslinesonewalloflivingroom,and,inthedesignated“slimeroom”workspaceintheback,bottlesoffragranceoilarearrangedinrows,nexttoglueandanindustrial-sizekitchenmixer.Butit'snottheamountofslimeinBurks'housethatshockspeople,shesaid.It'sthather15-year-olddaughter,SamanthaZumwalt,isinchargeoftheirenterprise.Themother-daughterteamrunSamantha'sSlimeShopathomeandthedemandfortheirproductshelpsthemearnsixfiguresayear.Samantha'sslime,offeredinarainbowofcolorsandarangeoftextures（質(zhì)地），isinhighdemand.Sinceshestartedherbusiness,she'smademorethan24,000salesonEtsy.Thecustomersaregenerallyyoung—between9and12yearsold,Burkssaid,thoughsomeadultsandteensbuyslime,too.SomecustomersbuySamantha'sslimebecausetheysayplayingwithitiscalming.Otherswantitbecauseitgivesthemsomethingtodowiththeirhands.Lastyear,NicholeJacklyne,asocialmediablogger,whoreviewsslimeandprovidesDIYlessonsforhundredsofthousandsoffollowers,reviewedSamantha'sproductinavideo.AfterJacklyne'svideo,orderspouredintoSamantha'sshop,Burkssaid.However,Samantha'smomwasinitiallyresistanttothegirl'sslimeambitions.IttookmonthsforSamanthatoconvincehermomtobuythekeymaterialstomakeslime.“Itoldhernoformonths,”Burkssaid.Finally,Burksgavein.Shehadbeenlaidofffromherjobasanaccountant,andthetwodoveintotheslimebusiness.Now,BurksisproudofSamanthaforrunningthebusinesssowell,“Ihopeshecanmeetallofherbusinessgoals—whetherthat'sstillrunningtheslimeenterprise,orbuyinganotherbusinessout,orstartinganewbusiness,”shesaid.“Whateverherdreamsare...iswhereIwanthertobe.”WhydoestheauthorspecificallydescribeJessicaBurks'homeinParagraph1?Tostresstheamountofslimethere.B.Topresenthowspecialherhomeis.C.TointroduceSamantha'sslimebusiness.D.Toshowthebusinessopportunitiesofslime.WhatdoweknowaboutSamantha'sslimefromthetext?Itonlywinspopularitywithkids.Alladultsbuyitjustforrecreation.Socialmediacontributesgreatlytoitssales.IthelpsSamanthagetmorefollowersontheInternet.HowdoesJessicaBurks'attitudetoSamantha'sslimebusinesschange?WorriedfFavorable.B.Doubtful—Objective.C.Negative—Cautious.D.Disapproving—Supportive.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Samantha'sslimebusinessisasuccess.Samanthapromotesherslimeonline.Playingwithslimeputspeopleatease.JessicaBurksquitstorunherslimebusiness.CAsreportedinJAMASurgerytheresearchersdiscoveredthate-scooter（電動摩托車）injuryrateshadincreaseddramaticallyinjustfouryears,risingfrom6per100,000inthepopulationto19per100,000.Oftheestimated14,651e-scooter-relatedinjuriesin2018,4,658,or32%,involvedthehead.“Whilemostpeoplerecoverfromheadinjuries,thereisgoingtobeasubsetwithlong-termdisabilityandlifechanges,”saidDr.BenjaminBreyer.Dr.BenjaminBreyeroftheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,pointedtoa2019analysisofthedatafromtwohospitalsinSouthernCalifornia,whichfoundjust4.8%ofinjurede-scooterriderswerewearinghelmets.Dr.JoannElmore,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,believedthatmoste-scooterusersareprobablyunawareoftherisks.Tomakethepoint,shedescribedaphototakenbyacolleague.“Thereweretworidersonane-scooter,”shesaid.“Noonehadshoeson.Therewerenohelmets.Andthewomaninfronthadababyinababycarrier.”Thenewreporthighlightstheneedformoreresearchonnewtechnologies,saidDr.GuohuaLi,aprofessorofepidemiology（流行病學(xué)）.“Justasthereisaglobalnetworkofexpertsworkingoninfectiousdiseases,thereneedstobeasimilarprogramdevotedtothesurveillance（監(jiān)視，監(jiān)察）andpreventionofinjuriescausedbymergingtechnologiesproductsandlifestyles,suchase-scooters,e-sports,etc.,”Lisaidinanemail.“Thechallengeforresearchersandpolicymakersistokeepupwiththeever-changingsocietyandprotectthepublicfromunnecessaryharmcausedbynewtechnologiesandproductswithouthinderinginnovation,”headded.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?E-scooterinjuryrateshadincreasedduetospeeding.32%ofinjurede-scooterridersweren'twearinghelmets.Thereisaprogramdevotedtothepreventionofinjuriescausedbyadvancedtechnologies.Protectionandinnovationareofequalimportance.WhatcanweinferfromDr.JoannElmore'scomments?Sheisananti-scooter.Thewomaninfrontwaspregnant.Sheisconcernedaboutthee-scooterusers.Moste-scooterridersoftendriveathighspeed.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hindering”probablymean?Preventing.B.Limiting.C.Developing.D.Makingprogress.What'stheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?Toarousepeople'sawarenessoftherisksandselfprotection.Tointroduceanewwayoftransport一e-scooters.Toaskpeoplenottoridee-scootersanymore.Tourgepolicymakerstomakelawsassoonaspossible.Ourabilitytocollectdatagetsfaraheadofourabilitytofullyuseit,yetdatamayholdthekeytosolvingsomeofthebiggestglobalchallengesfacingustoday.Take,forinstance,thefrequentoutbreaksofwaterbornediseasesasaconsequenceofwarornaturaldisasters.Themostrecentexamplecanbefoundinthecountry,whereroughly10,000newsuspectedcasesofcholera（霍舌L）arereportedeachweek—andhistoryisfilledwithsimilarstories.Whatifwecouldbetterunderstandtheenvironmentalfactorsthatcontributedtothedisease,predictwhichcommunitiesareathigherrisk,andputinplaceprotectivemeasurestostopthespread?Answerstothisquestionandotherslikeitcouldpotentiallyhelpuspreventacatastrophe.Asabigdatascientist,Istudieddatafromwide-ranging,publicsourcestoidentifypatterns,hopingtopredicttrendsthatcouldbeathreattoglobalsecurity.Variousdatastreamsareimportantbecausethegroundtruthdata（suchassurveys）isoftendelayed,limited,incorrector,sometimes,nonexistent.Forexample,knowingtheincidence（發(fā)生率）ofmosquito-bornediseaseincommunitieswouldhelpuspredicttheriskofmosquito-spreaddiseasesuchasdengue,theleadingcauseofillnessanddeathinthetropics.However,mosquitodataataglobal（andevennational）levelisnotaccessible.Toaddressthisgap,we'reusingothersourcessuchassatellitepictures,climatedataandpopulationinformationtoforecasttheriskofdengue.Specifically,wehadsuccessinpredictingthespreadofdengueinBrazilattheregional,stateandcitylevelusingthesedatastreamsaswellasclinicalobservationdataandonlinesearchersthatusedtermsrelatedtothedisease.Whileourpredictionsaren'tperfect,theyshowpromise.Similarly,toforecastthefluseason,wehavefoundthatonlinesearchescancomplement（補(bǔ)充）clinicaldata.Becausetherateofpeoplesearchingtheinternetforflusymptomsoftenincreasesduringtheirbeginning,wecanpredictasharpincreaseincaseswhereclinicaldatadelays.Allofthisshowsthepotentialofbigdata.Theinformationisthere;nowit'stimetouseit.Whatdotheexamplesinparagraphs2and4show?Bigdataisstillhardtogetanduse.Peoplearen'tskilledatdealingwithbigdata.Bigdataisnotalwaysanimaginedmethod.Catastrophesmightbepreventedwithbigdata.Accordingtothetext,surveydata.isamainformofmultipledatastreamsisaneffectivewaytocollectinformationissometimesunreliableandunavailableisatimelyalternativetomultipledatastreamsWhatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisgap”inparagraph5referto?Thelackofbigdataonmosquitoes.Thelackofdifferentdatastreams.Theriskofanoutbreakofadisease.Theignoranceofhowadiseasespreads.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?Howdowecollectandusedata?Whatarethechallengesfacingusnow?Howcanbigdatahelpsavetheworld?Whatistheanswertopreventingcatastrophes?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipsonHowtoConnectWithYourNewDormRoommatesThemovefromhighschooltocollegeisverystressful,especiallymeetingyourfutureroommates.Youhopetheyarenormal,friendlypersonswithwhomyoucanbondforthenextmonths.Sometipsforstartingasmoothcollegelifeandgettingalongwellwithyourroommatesareasfollows.?LookuptheirnamesandphonenumbersYoucansearchtheUSPhoneBookforyourroommates'numbersandseewhatyoucanfindonline.16Youcanusethemtofindoutwhattypeofmusictheylikeorwhattheirhobbiesare.UsetheemailMeetingastrangeroommateisawkward,sotryconnectingwithyourroommatesbeforemovingintogether.17Youcantellthemwhereyouarefromandwhatareyoursubjectsofinterest.YoucanevencallthemAftersendinganemail,youcancallyourfutureroommatesandhaveachataboutthemostimportantissues.18Youcan'texpecttobebestfriendsrightaway.Chattingandtextingbeforehandcanhelpyougetusedtootherpersonsandwilleasetheentireprocessoflivingtogether.19Aftertheinitialintroduction,youwanttoknowwhoisgoingtobringwhatappliances,iftheyliketolistentomusicwhilestudyingandhowhotorcoldtheyliketheroomtobe.Ifyouareamorningpersonandyourroommatesarenightowls,thingsmightbecomecomplicated.Sharingabedroomisnotaneasythingandyouwillbestressedout.20Justtrytobeyourselfwhenconnecting.Youwillfindwaystogetalong,evenifyouarecompletelydifferent.Thisisnormal.KnowtheirlikesanddislikesCheckouteachother'slifestyleYoushouldlearnfromeachother.Thiswillhelpyougettoknoweachother.Sendthemaquickemail,introducingyourself.Usually,thesocialmediaaccountsaregoingtoshowupfirst.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Pennsylvaniaisfullofmysteriousplaces!Oneofthoseisanoldturnpike（收費(fèi)高速公路）21fordecades.Mydadloveshistory,andhelearneditwasopentothepublic.22,whenIwas14,wetookabiketripto23thisroad!Mydadchosea16-mile24oftheroadforustoride.PartofitincludedanoldtunnelcalledSidelingHillwhichisoveramilelong!To25,wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries.Inthemorning,weloadedourbikesintothecarandsetoff.Asweapproachedthetunnel,Ifelt26asitwasabsolutelyblackinside!ButDadencouragedme.Hesaidhewouldbebesideme.Heremindedmetostay27andkeepmylighton!Whenwe28thetunnel,thesoundofourbikeswasheardthroughthedarkness.Ishinedmyflashlightaroundandsawwalls29ingraffiti（涂鴉）.AndIfeltlikeIwasbeing30!Iwasprettyscared,but31onfollowingDadhelpedmerelax.Afterridinghalf-waythrough,Icouldseelightcomingfromtheotherendmotivatingmetokeepgoing.AndIwassodelightedtorideoutintothebrightafternoon!Whenevergoingthrough32inlife,Irememberthistrip.Itremindsmethatmyfatherisalwaysbesideme.Heturnsonthelightofhopeinmy33,andgivesme34tokeepridingthroughlife's35tunnels.21.A.designedB.abandonedC.destroyedD.locked22.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile23.A.exploreB.constructC.protectD.repair24.A.tunnelB.sectionC.blockD.course25.A.participateB.registerC.cooperateD.prepare26.A.excitedB.nervousC.annoyedD.exhausted27.A.silentB.relaxedC.cautiousD.positive28.A.approachedB.observedC.constructedD.entered29.A.coveredB.buriedC.absorbedD.dressed30.A.forcedB.watchedC.abusedD.judged31.A.dependingB.survivingC.callingD.focusing32.A.accidentsB.hardshipsC.regulationsD.incidents33.A.chestB.tripC.workD.heart34.A.courageB.prideC.excitementD.enthusiasm35.A.difficultB.distantC.longD.dark第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theabacus算盤)wasagreatinventiorinancientChina.Theabacus36(invent)onthebasisofsmallrods棒).Later,withthe37(develop)ofproductivityheamountofcalculationas38(great)AndcalculaticwithcountingrodslimitedthecalculationThus,peopleinventedamore39(advance)counter—theabacus.Withtheapplicationoftheabacus,peoplesummarizedmanyabaE^srhymes(算口訣),40(increasethecalculatingpeed.BythetimeoftheMingDynasty‘peoplecouldusetheabacusinaddition,ubtractiongultiplicatiornddivision,41werewidelyusedincalculatingweight,amount,spaceandvolume.Sinceitwaseasytomakeorbuy42abacus.Anditwasalsoeasytorememberabacusrhymes.TheabacuswaswidelyusedinancientChina.Later,theabacuswas43(gradual)spreadintoJapan,Korea,AmericaandsomecountriesandregionsinSoutheastAsia.Peoplefindthatusingabacusescanimprovethinkingandpracticalabilitiesinaddition44providingconvenientcalculation.nceit45(require()ooperatioofmind,eyeandhand,itisagoodwaytoimprovethecomprehensivereactionability.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，打算報(bào)名參加2022年北京冬奧會全球志愿者。你的新西蘭筆友Tim有相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，請你寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：你的打算；尋求幫助；3.期待回復(fù)。寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。OnonesunnyafternooninAugust,RileyandIwereoverthemoonwhenMomandDadsaidwewererentinganRVforfamilycampingtripbecauseourfamilyhadn'tbeenoutforseveralmonths.Momresearchednearbyareasforalongtimeandfinallyzeroedinonacampgroundupinthemountains,aboutfivehoursawayfromourhome.Wepackedeverythingwe'dneed—sleepingbags,tents,chairs,sunscreen,andaboutamillionotherthings—intotheRVandheadedofftothemountains.Ontheway,RileyandItalkedhappilyaboutwhatwewoulddointheevening:singing,dancingaroundthefire,enjoyingthemoon,andamillionotherthings.Arrivingatthecampsite,Daddrovepastasmallofficebuildingbutthenhitthebrakeswhenhesawsomeonerunoutandwaveforhimtostop.Apparently,weneededtostoptoregisterforourcampsite.Afterregisteringatthefrontoffice,DaddrovetheRVdowntothecampingareaandparked.“Riley,Sean,youneedtohelpsetupthesite,”Momsaid.Weallpitchedin,draggingoutourcampchairs,andothersupplies,andsoonwewerereadytokickbackandrelax.Sittingatthepicnictable,Ipoppedopenedabagofchips.“Let'sgetsomemusicgoing,”Dadsaid.“Hey,where'stheelectricalhook-up?”“Oh,boy,”Momsaid,“Weareinthetents-onlyarea,wherethere'snoelectricity.We'renotevensupposedtobeinthisareawithanRV.”Wehadnochoicebuttochooseanothercampingsite.Twentyminuteslater,we'dbrokencampandpackedeverythingbackintheRV.MomdrovearoundthecampgroundsuntilwespottedotherRVsandthenpulledtoastop.Afterweunpackedeverything,IsniffedandwasimmediatelyslammedwiththemosthorriblestenchI'deversmelledinmyentirelife.“We'rerightnearthedumpsters!”Igroaned.Whattodonext?Againwehadnochoicebuttofindanewone.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.開頭已給出。Paragraph1:WequicklyshovedeverythingbackintotheRV,anddrovetoadifferentspot.Paragraph2:Dadfinallylaughedandsaid,“It'stimetostartenjoyingthiscampingtrip.Let'sgetafirestarted.”參考答案第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)A篇本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者主要介紹了四本他喜愛的書。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHitchhiker'sGuidetotheGalaxy這本書的介紹中的內(nèi)容“hasaveryBritishsenseofhumor,whosetruemeaningsforeignreaderscanhardlymakeout”可知，這本書的語言具有典型的英式幽默，外國讀者很難理解其真正的含義。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheSecretGarden這本書的介紹中的“Itisaboutayounggirlwhoistakentoliveinabighouseinmyhometown”和TheRailwayChildren這本書的介紹中的“ItisalsosetinYorkshirewhereIwasbornandspentmychildhood”可知，這兩本小說的故事均發(fā)生在文章作者的家鄉(xiāng)，即英國的Yorkshire，故選B。D推理判斷題。作者對這四本書進(jìn)行介紹的時(shí)候分別提及“whenIreaditIfeelstrongconnectiontomyhome”“inmyhometown”“Thisbookalwaysremindsmeofmyfamily,especiallymymother”“remindsmeofEnglandandmychildhood”，由止匕可知，當(dāng)作者讀這些書的時(shí)候，它們的故事內(nèi)容會讓作者想起自己的家鄉(xiāng)，故選D。B篇本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了15歲的Samantha在媽媽的幫助下，在家開店售賣不同顏色和氣味的黏土，并取得成功的故事。C推理判斷題。第一段描述了Burks家有各種顏色的黏土及制作材料。再根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段中的“Butit'snottheamountofslimeinBurks'housethatshockspeople,shesaid.”“Themother-daughterteamrunSamantha'sSlimeShopathomeandthedemandfortheirproductshelpsthemearnsixfiguresayear.”可知，作者寫作第一段的目的是引出對Samantha黏土生意的介紹，故選C。C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“AfterJacklyne'svideo,orderspouredintoSamantha'sshop”可知，社交媒體博主Jacklyne在網(wǎng)上的點(diǎn)評視頻使得Samantha的黏土商店獲得了大量訂單，故社交媒體促進(jìn)了Samantha的黏土銷量。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Samantha'smomwasinitiallyresistanttothegirl'sslimeambitions”“Itoldhernoformonths”可知，Samantha的媽媽一開女臺對Samantha的黏土事業(yè)是抵制的；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“Now,BurksisproudofSamanthaforrunningthebusinesssowell”可知，現(xiàn)在Burks對Samantha的作為感到自豪，故可看出Samantha的媽媽現(xiàn)在十分支持Samantha的黏土事業(yè)。故選D。A主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第二段中的“Samantha'sslime,offeredinarainbowofcolorsandarangeoftextures（質(zhì)地），isinhighdemand.Sinceshestartedherbusiness,she'smademorethan24,000salesonEtsy.”可知，本文主要講述了15歲女孩SamanthaZumwalt開設(shè)的黏土商店大獲成功的故事，故A項(xiàng)最能概括文章大意。C篇本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果——近幾年來，駕駛電動摩托車導(dǎo)致的受傷率急劇上升。專家稱，這項(xiàng)新的調(diào)查結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)了需要對新技術(shù)進(jìn)行更多的研究，既要保護(hù)公眾不受到來自新技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品的危害，又要避免阻礙技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，保護(hù)公眾免受不必要的傷害和創(chuàng)新同樣重要，故D項(xiàng)正確。駕駛電動摩托車受傷的人數(shù)比例增加不是因?yàn)槌傩旭?，故A項(xiàng)錯誤。根據(jù)第一段中的“32%,involvedthehead”和第二段中的“4.8%ofinjurede-scooterriderswerewearinghelmets”可知，B項(xiàng)錯誤。根據(jù)第五段中的“thereneedstobeasimilarprogramdevotedtothesurveillance（監(jiān)視，監(jiān)察）andpreventionofinjuries...”可知，有必要建立用于監(jiān)管及預(yù)防傷害的項(xiàng)目，由此可推斷出目前還沒有相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目，故C項(xiàng)錯誤。C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“moste-scooterusersareprobablyunawareoftherisks”可知,Dr.JoannElmore認(rèn)為大多數(shù)電動摩托車騎手很可能沒有意識到危險(xiǎn)。接下來，為了說明這一點(diǎn)，她對一張照片進(jìn)行了描述。結(jié)合描述的內(nèi)容可推知，她很擔(dān)心電動摩托車騎手。文中并未出現(xiàn)其反對電動摩托車的說法，故A項(xiàng)錯誤。根據(jù)“thewomaninfronthadababyinababycarrier”可知，在前面的這名婦女的嬰兒背帶里背著一名嬰兒，并未說該婦女是否懷孕，故B項(xiàng)錯誤。文中并未提到高速駕駛的問題，故D項(xiàng)錯誤。B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文提到的要建立監(jiān)管和預(yù)防傷害的項(xiàng)目以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，此處說的是研究者和政策制定者所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是緊跟瞬息萬變的社會，保護(hù)大眾免受新科技、新產(chǎn)品造成的不必要傷害的同時(shí)又不妨礙科技創(chuàng)新，故選B項(xiàng)。本題干擾項(xiàng)為A項(xiàng)，prevent側(cè)重指“tomakeitimpossibleforsomeonetodosth.”即"阻止做某事”hinder側(cè)重指“tomakeitdifficultforsb.todosth.orsth.tohappen”即“阻礙做某事”，此處說的是阻礙創(chuàng)新，而不是阻止創(chuàng)新，故排除A項(xiàng)。A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Oftheestimated...in2018,...32%,involvedthehead.‘Whilemostpeoplerecoverfromheadinjuries,thereisgoingtobeasubsetwithlong-termdisabilityandlifechanges”可知，2018年與電動摩托車有關(guān)的受傷事故中，有32%的事故涉及頭部受傷，多數(shù)傷員即使從頭部傷害中恢復(fù)過來，也將遭受長期的殘疾或在生活上發(fā)生改變，故作者寫這篇文章旨在喚起人們的危險(xiǎn)意識和自我保護(hù)意識。故選A項(xiàng)。D篇本文是一篇說明文。我們生活在大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代，搜集到的信息可能包含了我們現(xiàn)如今正在面臨的全球性挑戰(zhàn)的解決辦法，有幫助我們阻止災(zāi)難發(fā)生的潛力。D推理判斷題。第二段的事例旨在說明如果有大數(shù)據(jù)，那么我們也許就可以預(yù)防重大災(zāi)難的發(fā)生；而第四段的事例表明大數(shù)據(jù)能夠幫助我們預(yù)測由蚊子傳播的疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這些均說明我們可以利用大數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測這些疾病的發(fā)生率從而防止其大規(guī)模蔓延，即阻止這種災(zāi)難的發(fā)生。故選D。C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Variousdatastreamsareimportantbecausethegroundtruthdata(suchassurveys)isoftendelayed,limited,incorrector,sometimes,nonexistent.”可知，調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)有時(shí)候是不可靠的或者難以獲得的。故選C。A指代判斷題。根據(jù)畫線部分前面一段中的“However,mosquitodataataglobal(andevennational)levelisnotaccessible.”可知，目前還沒有全球(甚至全國)規(guī)模的蚊子數(shù)據(jù)。再結(jié)合下文的內(nèi)容可知，thisgap指的就是有關(guān)蚊子的大數(shù)據(jù)的匱乏。故選A。C標(biāo)題判斷題。文章第一段就是本文的中心段，接下來作者舉了一些例子來支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)，作者說明了大數(shù)據(jù)的潛力，而且告訴我們信息就在那里，是時(shí)候使用它了。綜合上述信息可知，本文主要圍繞利用大數(shù)據(jù)來幫助我們應(yīng)對一些現(xiàn)如今正在面臨的全球性挑戰(zhàn)展開，故C項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。第二節(jié)本文是一篇說明文，介紹了提前與大學(xué)新室友溝通交流以及了解對方的具體方法G細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。上一句提到“上網(wǎng)看看你能找到什么”，下一句提到“利用這些弄清他們喜歡什么類型的音樂或者他們的愛好是什么”G項(xiàng)中的“thesocialmediaaccounts”對應(yīng)上一句中的“online”及下一句中的“them”，故G項(xiàng)合適。F細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。本段的小標(biāo)題是“使用電子郵件”，故空處應(yīng)與發(fā)送電子郵件有關(guān)。因此，選項(xiàng)F正確。選項(xiàng)E有一定的干擾性，但是根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處只是說你為了提前了解室友給對方發(fā)郵件，并不涉及室友了解自己的過程，所以E項(xiàng)不合適。E細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。此段講的是你可以給室友打電話聊天，此舉“有助于相互了解”。選項(xiàng)E符合語境。C主旨概括句?？仗帪槎温湫?biāo)題，屬于主旨概括句。下文的敘述內(nèi)容可以歸納為“生活方式”，故選項(xiàng)C正確。選項(xiàng)B有一定的干擾性，但是根據(jù)文中的“Ifyouareamorningpersonandyourroommatesarenightowls”可知，此段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是你與室友的生活方式的差異，而不是B項(xiàng)說的“Knowtheirlikesanddislikes”（了解他們的好惡），故排除B項(xiàng)。A過渡銜接句。該句所在段落總結(jié)概括全文內(nèi)容?？涨耙痪湔f“共享一室并非易事，你會焦慮不安”，下文提到“你會找到辦法與室友和睦相處”，故空處應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)（這很正常，承接上文，起到心理緩解作用，又引出下文，即找到解決辦法。第二部分語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與父親共同穿越隧道的經(jīng)歷，以及這次經(jīng)歷帶給作者的感受。B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，賓夕法尼亞州有一段已經(jīng)被廢棄了幾十年的高速公路。故選B。C考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“helearneditwasopentothepublic”及語境可知，父親了解到這條公路對公眾開放，因此作者和父親騎自行車去探索這條被廢棄了幾十年的路。故選C。A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“wetookabiketrip”及語境可知，作者和父親騎行去探索這條公路。故選A。B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，作者的父親選擇了一段16英里長的路程，此處表示總路程的一部分。故選B。D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries”可推知，作者和父親在做準(zhǔn)備工作，包括檢查輪胎以及電池等。故選D。B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“asitwasabsolutelyblackinside”以及“Iwasprettyscared”可知，作者在黑暗中感到很緊張。故選B。C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“keepmylighton”可知，父親讓作者保持謹(jǐn)慎，一直開著手電筒。故選C。D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“thesoundofourbikeswasheardthroughthedarkness”可推知，作者和父親已經(jīng)進(jìn)入隧道。故選D。A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，墻上布滿了涂鴉。故選A。B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，墻上布滿了涂鴉，進(jìn)入以后的感覺就像是被監(jiān)視一樣。故選B。D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“followingDadhelpedmerelax”可知，作者很緊張，但專注于跟在父親身后使他感到很輕松。故選D。B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Irememberthistrip”可知，無論經(jīng)歷何種困難，作者都會想起這次旅行。故選B。D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“Heturnsonthelightofhopeinmy33”可知，父親點(diǎn)亮了作者心中的希望之光。故選D。A考查名