PAGEPAGE8小學英語語法及習題一、名詞復數規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-bedss.x.sh.ch-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“輔音字母+y”yi,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“ffe”ffev,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不規(guī)則名詞復數：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復數I him this her watch child photo diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper juice water milk rice tea 二、一般現在時一般現在時的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍色的。表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixevery3.表示客觀現實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉。一般現在時的構成be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+Iama我是一個男孩。行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)Westudy我們學習英語。(he,she,it或是名詞單數)"-s"或"-es"如：MarylikesChinese.一般現在時的變化1.be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.doesn'tHedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milkss.x.sh.ch.o-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,3．以“輔音字母+y”yi,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do 二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?

teach What theyoften (do)onSaturdays? yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthis20.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)Idomyhomeworkevery改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)Amylikesplayingcomputer改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)Wegotoschoolevery改為否定句)HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句)Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(對劃線部分提問)JohncomesfromCanada.(對劃線部分提問)Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)五、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? Doeshelikesgoingfishing? Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedondherhomeworkonSundays. 三、現在進行時1段正在進行的動作。be+ing.benot。be動詞調到句首。+be+主語+ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞+be+動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing，如run-running,stop-stopping現在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現在分詞：play run swim make go like write _ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefood now.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!Thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.It’s5o’clocknow.We (have)supper10. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉換：Theyaredoinghousework.分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對劃線部分進行提問)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy對劃線部分進行提問)四、一般將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結構：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be動詞（am,is,are）后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingt weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.?我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.3.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.4.你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime you meet?Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy goingtogocamping.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I go jointhem.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30改一般疑問句） togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat改一般疑問句） meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對劃線部分提問） she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayafter同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrowPEP小學英語重點句型語法總結人教版PEP教材在小學階段涉及的重要語法知識主要有7種：tobe句型、therebecan引導的型、begoingto5-8冊書為例，簡要總結如下：[一]tobe句型：用于介紹個人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、國籍、家庭成員、朋友、職業(yè)等，描述5—8型主要有：Who’syourEnglishteacher? Mr.Carter.What’shelike? He’stallandstrong.Isshequiet?No,sheisn’t. Sheisveryactive.Isshestrict? Yes,sheis,butshe’sverykind.Whatdayisittoday?It’sWednesday.What’syourfavouritefruit/food…?They’resweet/sour/salty/healthy/…Whenisyourbirthday?It’sinMay.MybirthdayisinJune. UncleBill’sbirthdayisinJune,too.IsherbirthdayinJune? Yes,itis.What’sthedate?ThisisZhangPeng.Whereisthecinema,please?It’snexttothehospital.Howtallareyou？I’m164cmtall.Youareshorterthanme.16.You’re4cmtallerthanme.17.Howheavyareyou? I’m48I’mthinnerthanyou,andshorter.What’sthematterwithyou? Mythroatissore.Howareyou,LiuYun/Sarah?[二]therebe句型：某處有某物”或“某時有某事”is+可數名詞單數或不可數名詞+時間或地點。Thereare+可數名詞復數+地點。該句型主要分布在第Unit5Unit6中，如：Therearetwobedrooms,akitchen,abathroomandalivingroom.Thereisamirror,abedandabigcloset.Isthereaforestinthepark? Yes,thereis.Isthereariver? No,thereisn’t.Arethereanypandasinthemountains? No,therearen’t.Arethereanyfishintherivers? Yes,thereare.[三]一般現在時句型：+行為動詞ses，其他人稱作主語時則用動dodoes。這種句型通常有一些標志詞，如：usuallyoftensometimesneveralways5Unit2&36Unit1&2,7Unit4,5,6,8Unit2中。如：Book5:WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays? WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays? IwatchTVonSaturdays.Idomyhomework.WhatdoyouhaveforlunchonMondays? Wehavetomatoes,tofuandfish.Ilikefruit.ButIdon’tlikegrapes.Book6:Whendoyoueatdinner?Ieatdinnerat7:00intheevening.Whendoyougetup? Iusuallygetupat12:00noon.Whatdoyoudoontheweekend? UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.Ioftenplayfootball.SometimesIgohiking.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Ilikewinterbest.Whydoyoulikesummer/winter?Book7:Howdoyougotoschool,Sarah?UsuallyIgotoschoolonfoot. SometimesIgobybike.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikescollectingstamps,too.Doessheteachmath? Yes,shedoes.DoessheteachEnglish？No,shedoesn’t. Sheteachesmath.Whatdoesyourmotherdo? Whatdoesyourfatherdo?Wheredoesshework? Sheworksinacarcompany.Howdoesshegotowork? Shegoestoworkbybus.Wheredoestheraincomefrom? Itcomesfromtheclouds.Wheredoesthecloudcomefrom? Itcomesfromthevapour.Wheredoesthevapourcomefrom? Itcomesfromthewaterintheriver.Thesunshinesandthewaterbecomesvapour.HowdoyoudoBook8:Mynosehurts.Howdoyoufeel? Ifeelsick. HowdoesAmyfeel?Youlooksohappy. Youlooksadtoday.[四]現在進行時句型：nowLook!Listen!等后面。句型主要結構為：be動詞（am,is,are）+動詞現在分詞(v.ing)6Unit4,5,6中。如：Whatareyoudoing? I’mdoingthedishes. I’mreadingabook.Grandpaiswritingaletter. Brotherisdoinghomework.Momiscookingdinnerinkitchen.Heiswritingane-mailinthestudy.Whatisitdoing? It’seatingbananas.Whatisshedoing? She’sjumping.Whataretheydoing? They’reswimming. They’reclimbingtrees.Areyoueatinglunch? No,wearen’t.Aretheyeatingthehoney? Yes,theyare.Isheplayingchess? Yes,heis.Isshecountinginsects? No,sheisn’t.[五]一般過去時句型：表示過去發(fā)生的而現在已經結束的事件、動作或情況。句型基本結構為：主語+動詞過去式+其他。標志詞通常是：yesterday,lastweek, lastyear等，在問句與否定句中要用助詞did。該句型分布在第8冊Unit3&4中。如：Whatdidyoudolastweekend? Iplayedfootball.Didyouhelpthemcleantheirroom? Yes,I3.Whatdidyoudoyesterday? Iwentfishing.Did