標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

《GB/T 45166-2024 無損檢測 紅外熱成像檢測 總則》是一項(xiàng)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，旨在規(guī)范紅外熱成像技術(shù)在無損檢測中的應(yīng)用。該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)涵蓋了從準(zhǔn)備階段到實(shí)施檢測以及結(jié)果分析和報告的全過程，適用于多種材料與結(jié)構(gòu)的缺陷檢測、狀態(tài)監(jiān)測等領(lǐng)域。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)首先定義了紅外熱成像檢測的基本術(shù)語，包括但不限于紅外輻射、溫度分布、熱像圖等關(guān)鍵概念，為后續(xù)內(nèi)容的理解奠定基礎(chǔ)。接著詳細(xì)描述了進(jìn)行紅外熱成像檢測前需要完成的各項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)備工作，如選擇合適的檢測設(shè)備、校準(zhǔn)儀器參數(shù)、確定檢測環(huán)境條件等，以確保獲得準(zhǔn)確可靠的檢測數(shù)據(jù)。

對于實(shí)際操作流程，《GB/T 45166-2024》規(guī)定了如何根據(jù)被檢對象的特點(diǎn)設(shè)計合理的檢測方案，包括檢測時機(jī)的選擇、視場角調(diào)整、掃描速度控制等方面的具體要求。此外，還強(qiáng)調(diào)了記錄檢測過程中所有相關(guān)信息的重要性，以便于后期數(shù)據(jù)分析及存檔管理。

關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)分析部分，本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供了一套完整的圖像處理方法和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，涵蓋噪聲去除、對比度增強(qiáng)、特征提取等多個方面，幫助技術(shù)人員從復(fù)雜多變的熱像圖中識別出潛在的問題區(qū)域。同時，也明確了不同類型缺陷或異常情況下的評估準(zhǔn)則，使得檢測結(jié)論更加客觀公正。


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文檔簡介

ICS

19.100

CCS

J04

中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T45166—2024/ISO10880：2017

無損檢測紅外熱成像檢測總則

Non?destructivetesting—Infraredthermpgraphictesting—Generalprinciples

（ISO10880：2017，IDT）

2024-12-31發(fā)布2024-12-31實(shí)施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會

GB/T45166—2024/ISO10880：2017

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

引言

·····································································································

Ⅳ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術(shù)語和定義

···························································································

1

4

紅外熱成像檢測人員

·················································································

1

5

紅外熱成像檢測設(shè)備

·················································································

1

5.1

紅外熱像儀

······················································································

1

5.2

用于主動式熱像檢測的設(shè)備

·····································································

1

6

檢測環(huán)境

······························································································

2

6.1

檢測設(shè)備的工作環(huán)境

·············································································

2

6.2

干擾避免

·························································································

2

7

檢測方法

······························································································

2

7.1

被測物的發(fā)射率

·················································································

2

7.2

被動式熱像檢測和主動式熱像檢測

······························································

2

7.3

成像方法

·························································································

3

7.4

信號處理與圖像處理

·············································································

4

8

檢測的實(shí)施與報告

····················································································

4

8.1

無損檢測規(guī)程中的內(nèi)容

··········································································

4

8.2

無損檢測作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書中的內(nèi)容

···································································

4

8.3

檢測條件記錄

····················································································

4

8.4

檢測報告

·························································································

5

參考文獻(xiàn)

··································································································

6

Ⅰ

GB/T45166—2024/ISO10880：2017

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件等同采用ISO10880：2017《無損檢測紅外熱成像檢測總則》。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由全國無損檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC56）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：國網(wǎng)浙江省電力有限公司電力科學(xué)研究院、上海材料研究所有限公司、浙江省電

力鍋爐壓力容器檢驗(yàn)所有限公司、國能鍋爐壓力容器檢驗(yàn)有限公司、杭州意能電力技術(shù)有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：張杰、蔣建生、丁杰、羅宏建、周宇通、趙洲峰、韓麗娜、納日蘇、田易、

杜偉。

Ⅲ

GB/T45166—2024/ISO10880：2017

引言

隨著熱成像技術(shù)的顯著發(fā)展，紅外熱成像檢測在無損檢測（NDT）中的工業(yè)應(yīng)用日益增長。紅外熱

成像檢測的有效性取決于適當(dāng)且正確的測試方法。本文件的目的是提供紅外熱成像檢測的總則，以促進(jìn)

工業(yè)無損檢測方法的正確有效應(yīng)用，如電力設(shè)備、建筑物、儀器儀表和工業(yè)材料等領(lǐng)域。

Ⅳ

GB/T45166—2024/ISO10880：2017

無損檢測紅外熱成像檢測總則

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了工業(yè)無損檢測（NDT）領(lǐng)域中紅外熱成像檢測的通用原則。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

ISO9712無損檢測人員資格鑒定與認(rèn)證（Non?destructivetesting—Qualificationandcertifica?

tionofNDTpersonnel）

注：GB/T9445—2024無損檢測人員資格鑒定與認(rèn)證（ISO9712：2021,IDT）

ISO10878無損檢測紅外熱成像術(shù)語（Non?destructivetesting—Infraredthermography—

Vocabulary）

注：GB/T12604.9—2021無損檢測術(shù)語紅外熱成像（ISO10878：2013，MOD）

3術(shù)語和定義

ISO10878界定的術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。

4紅外熱成像檢測人員

負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)施紅外熱成像檢測（TT）的操作人員應(yīng)符合以下要求：

a）紅外熱成像檢測人員應(yīng)滿足ISO9712規(guī)定的具備紅外測量和工程傳熱學(xué)基本知識的要求；

b）紅外熱成像檢測人員應(yīng)滿足ISO9712規(guī)定的視力和色覺的要求。

5紅外熱成像檢測設(shè)備

5.1紅外熱像儀

不同的紅外熱像儀具有不同的性質(zhì)和功能，如紅外探測器的類型、空間分辨率（瞬時視場、有效像

素）、溫度范圍、溫度分辨率、溫度準(zhǔn)確性、單幀采集時間、曝光時間、檢測波長范圍、冷卻方式、掃

描方式、光學(xué)照片顯示和記錄功能。應(yīng)確保使用的紅外熱像儀具有合適的性質(zhì)和功能，并在合適溫度下

進(jìn)行標(biāo)定以滿足測試要求。

必要時，能在紅外

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