大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)

命題規(guī)律和解題技巧

四級(jí)考試測(cè)試內(nèi)容、題型和所占分值、比例試卷結(jié)構(gòu)測(cè)試內(nèi)容測(cè)試題型分值比例考試時(shí)間寫作寫作短文寫作15%30分鐘聽(tīng)力理解聽(tīng)力對(duì)話短對(duì)話多項(xiàng)選擇8%30分鐘長(zhǎng)對(duì)話多項(xiàng)選擇7%聽(tīng)力短文短文理解多項(xiàng)選擇10%短文聽(tīng)寫單詞及詞組聽(tīng)寫10%閱讀理解詞匯理解選詞填空5%40分鐘長(zhǎng)篇閱讀匹配10%仔細(xì)閱讀多項(xiàng)選擇20%翻譯漢譯英段落翻譯15%30分鐘總計(jì)100%130分鐘四級(jí)考試總體格局一、聽(tīng)力（包括對(duì)話、短文、復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫）248.5分二、閱讀（包括快速閱讀和深度閱讀）248.5分三、寫作+翻譯213分聽(tīng)力常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題1.單詞和詞組的積累不夠，或者不熟悉，思路跟不上。2.語(yǔ)音不過(guò)關(guān)，建議跟讀。3.不適應(yīng)聽(tīng)力的語(yǔ)境，聽(tīng)的太少。4.對(duì)文化背景和常用口語(yǔ)性短語(yǔ)的不熟悉造成理解上的障礙。5.無(wú)法長(zhǎng)時(shí)間集中精力。練習(xí)聽(tīng)力常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤方法1.只動(dòng)耳，不動(dòng)手2.泛聽(tīng)多、精聽(tīng)少3.娛樂(lè)至上備考聽(tīng)力建議1、每天都堅(jiān)持聽(tīng)40分鐘-1小時(shí)聽(tīng)力練習(xí)。2、加強(qiáng)聽(tīng)寫的鍛煉。3、通過(guò)歷年真題練習(xí)聽(tīng)力（2019-2019）。2022/12/148

聽(tīng)力命題規(guī)律和答題技巧溫馨提示：1.首先做好良好的心理準(zhǔn)備。2.快速的瀏覽題目。（8秒看一題）3.邊聽(tīng)邊作記號(hào)，筆記。4.沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂的題目，就放棄它。5.相信第一感覺(jué)。6.檢查，檢查，再檢查（單復(fù)，時(shí)態(tài)）2022/12/149

聽(tīng)力命題規(guī)律和答題技巧溫看選項(xiàng)：約有5分鐘不到的準(zhǔn)備和試音時(shí)間看選項(xiàng)，建議：先看長(zhǎng)對(duì)話；再看短文第三、第二篇，然后看短對(duì)話，從后往前看（8-1），看到5題左右，有時(shí)間的可以去看sectionc。不管看到哪里，當(dāng)聽(tīng)到聽(tīng)力考試正式開(kāi)始，開(kāi)始讀sectiona的題干時(shí)，立刻回到1題?？磿r(shí)把認(rèn)為重點(diǎn)地方劃下。2022/12/1410

聽(tīng)力命題規(guī)律和答題技巧每題之間的間隔約為15秒；答題的時(shí)間一般最長(zhǎng)不要超過(guò)6秒；前6秒答題，后8秒預(yù)讀下一題選項(xiàng)。超過(guò)4秒還選不出答案的要么就隨便選，要么就記下點(diǎn)什么待會(huì)再選。而且事實(shí)證明在4秒鐘之內(nèi)不能選出答案的，就算選了錯(cuò)誤的幾率也是非常大的。所以千萬(wàn)不要拼命狂想，否則后面的就是多米諾骨牌式的效應(yīng)了。2022/12/1411

短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律和答題技巧總體原則：聽(tīng)到什么不選什么如果有超過(guò)兩個(gè)連續(xù)單詞的選項(xiàng)和原文完全一樣，則這個(gè)選項(xiàng)基本是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。近幾年的短對(duì)話大多在考言外之意。短對(duì)話樣題1.A)Themanhasleftagoodimpressiononherfamily.B)Theman’sjeansandT-shirtsarestylish.C)Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.D)Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.2022/12/1412短對(duì)話樣題1.A)Themanhasleftagoodimpressiononherfamily.B)Theman’sjeansandT-shirtsarestylish.C)Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.D)Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.1.M:FinallyI’vegotthechancetoputonmynewsuittonight.Ihopetomakeagoodimpressiononyourfamily.W:Comeon,it’sonlyafamilyreunion.SojeansandT-shirtsarejustfine.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?2022/12/1413短對(duì)話樣題2.A)Itsprice.C)Itslocation.B)Itscomfort.D)Itsfacilities.2.W:Fromhere,themountainslookasifyoucouldjustreachoutandtouchthem.M:That’swhyIchosethislodge.IthasoneofthebestviewsinSwitzerland.Q:Whatistheman’schiefconsiderationinchoosingthelodge?2022/12/1414短對(duì)話樣題3.A)Itisaroutineoffer.C)Itisnewonthemenu.B)Itisquitehealthy.D)Itisagoodbargain.2022/12/1415短對(duì)話樣題3.A)Itisaroutineoffer.C)Itisnewonthemenu.B)Itisquitehealthy.D)Itisagoodbargain.3.M:Miss,canIinterestyouintheporkspecialwe’reservingtonight?It’sonly$7.99,halftheusualprice,andit’sverytasty.W:Oh,really?I’lltryit.Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutthedish?2022/12/1416短對(duì)話樣題4.A)Readthenoticeonthewindow.C)Goandaskthestaff.B)BoardthebustoCleveland.D)Getanewbusschedule.2022/12/1417短對(duì)話樣題4.A)Readthenoticeonthewindow.C)Goandaskthestaff.B)BoardthebustoCleveland.D)Getanewbusschedule.4.W:Thiscrazybusschedulehasgotmecompletelyconfused.Ican’tfigureoutwhenmybustoClevelandleaves.M:Whydon’tyoujustgototheticketwindowandask?Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?2022/12/1418短對(duì)話樣題5.A)Heisashamedofhispresentcondition.B)Heiscarelessabouthisappearance.C)Hechangesjobsfrequently.D)Heshaveseveryotherday.2022/12/1419短對(duì)話樣題5.A)Heisashamedofhispresentcondition.B)Heiscarelessabouthisappearance.C)Hechangesjobsfrequently.D)Heshaveseveryotherday.5.M:Shawn’sbeentryingformonthstofindajob.ButIwonderhowhecouldgetajobwhenhelookslikethat.W:Oh,thatpoorguy!Hereallyshouldshavehimselfeveryotherdayatleastandputonsomethingclean.Q:WhatdowelearnaboutShawn?2022/12/1420短對(duì)話樣題6.A)Thewomanhadbeenfinedmanytimesbefore.B)Thewomanknowshowtodealwiththepolice.C)Thewomanhadviolatedtrafficregulations.D)Thewomanisgoodatfindingexcuses.2022/12/1421短對(duì)話樣題6.A)Thewomanhadbeenfinedmanytimesbefore.B)Thewomanknowshowtodealwiththepolice.C)Thewomanhadviolatedtrafficregulations.D)Thewomanisgoodatfindingexcuses.6.M:Whydidn’tyoustopwhenwefirstsignaledyouatthecrossroads?W:Sorry,Iwasjustabitabsent-minded.Anyway,doIhavetopayafine?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?2022/12/1422短對(duì)話樣題7.A)Shegothurtinanaccidentyesterday.B)Shehastogotoseeadoctor.C)Sheisblackandblueallover.D)Shestayedawayfromworkforafewdays.2022/12/1423短對(duì)話樣題7.A)Shegothurtinanaccidentyesterday.B)Shehastogotoseeadoctor.C)Sheisblackandblueallover.D)Shestayedawayfromworkforafewdays.7.W:Myhandstillhurtsfromthefallontheiceyesterday.IwonderifIbrokesomething.M:I’mnodoctor,butit’snotblackandblueoranything.Maybeyoujustneedtorestitforafewdays.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?2022/12/1424短對(duì)話樣題8.A)ShewillaskDavidtotalkless.B)Shewillmeetthemanhalfway.C)Sheissorrythemanwillnotcome.D)ShehastoinviteDavidtotheparty.2022/12/1425短對(duì)話樣題8.A)ShewillaskDavidtotalkless.B)Shewillmeetthemanhalfway.C)Sheissorrythemanwillnotcome.D)ShehastoinviteDavidtotheparty.8.M:Ireallycan’tstandthewayDavidcontrolstheconversationallthetime.Ifhe’sgoingtobeatyourChristmasparty,Ijustwon’tcome.W:I’msorryyoufeelthatway,butmymotherinsiststhathecome.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?2022/12/1426短對(duì)話樣題1.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?(2)2.Q:Whatistheman’schiefconsiderationinchoosingthelodge?(2)3.Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutthedish?(1)4.Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?(2)5.Q:WhatdowelearnaboutShawn?(2-1)6.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?(2-1)7.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?(1)8.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?(2)2022/12/14272022/12/1428短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律否定轉(zhuǎn)折題型：當(dāng)文中出現(xiàn)否定詞或轉(zhuǎn)折詞時(shí)，其后面的內(nèi)容通常為答案（答案后置原則）如：but,yet,however…否定：1.否定代詞：nothing,nobody,noone,neither,none,nor,notatall.2.否定副詞：never,hardly,rarely(幾乎沒(méi)有)，little,few,seldom.3.否定動(dòng)詞：doubt(懷疑)，fail，=didn’tpass,miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)),drop(放棄)=giveup,betiredof(厭倦)=don’tlike.2022/12/1429短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律重復(fù)反問(wèn)題型：第二個(gè)人用不可思議的語(yǔ)氣重復(fù)第一個(gè)人話中的詞，認(rèn)為第一個(gè)人的表達(dá)的程度不恰當(dāng)，然后進(jìn)一步申述自己的意思。在四級(jí)考試中重復(fù)的多是形容詞，認(rèn)為程度不夠。當(dāng)文中出現(xiàn)重復(fù)詞時(shí)，其后面的內(nèi)容通常為答案A:It'sabitwarmouttoday.B:Warm?Youcanfryaneggonthesidewalk.2022/12/1430短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律態(tài)度方向題：選項(xiàng)中一般有兩個(gè)相反選項(xiàng)。短對(duì)話中第一個(gè)人提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，第二個(gè)人的回答YesorNo，后面再進(jìn)一步解釋原因。尤其關(guān)注yes后的回答，有時(shí)往往是相反的。表示“Yes”“贊同”的一組詞：And...；I'llsay；Yousaidit.；Youcansaythatagain.；andhow；isn'tit,though；aren'tthey,though；Youbet.；Ofcourse；Certainly；Indeed；Sure.表示“No”的一組詞：Areyoukidding/joking/serious?Nokidding/joking.Whotoldyouthat?Sayswho/you?Wheredidyouanidealikethat?2022/12/1431短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律態(tài)度方向題：選項(xiàng)中一般有兩個(gè)相反選項(xiàng)。短對(duì)話中第一個(gè)人提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，第二個(gè)人的回答YesorNo，后面再進(jìn)一步解釋原因。尤其關(guān)注yes后的回答，有時(shí)往往是相反的。Iwouldn‘tmissthefootballgameforanything!用否定的句子表達(dá)肯定的含義。Icouldn'tagreewithyoumore.表示同意couldbebetter不好couldn'tbebetter很好couldbeworse還不錯(cuò)couldn'tbeworse糟糕透頂-Myrentisgoingtobeincreased.MymotocycleneedsrepairandIhavetogotothedentist.-Well,Ithinkthingscouldbeworse.（安慰）2022/12/1432短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律態(tài)度方向題(言外之意）：1）陳述回答型：回答不直接給yesorno，委婉的說(shuō)出答案。M:Ineedtofindadentist;yousaidyouknowDr.Smithwell,doyourecommendher?W:Well,Ihadtoseeherafewtimes,butwhatimpressedmemostwasthemagazinesinherwaitingroom.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?2022/12/1433短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律態(tài)度方向題(言外之意）：2)疑問(wèn)回答型W:IhearthattheEdwardsarethinkingofbuyinganotherhouse.M:Shouldtheybedoingthatwithalltheotherexpensestheyhavetopay?Anyhow,theyareover70now,theirpresenthouseisnottoobad.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?表示反對(duì)：

Should...he/she/we/they...bedoing...?2022/12/1434短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律建議題型:第一個(gè)人有麻煩時(shí)，第二個(gè)人回答如果知道如何解決則提出一個(gè)建議，如果不知怎么辦則安慰第一個(gè)人。建議本身就是答案。表示安慰：Don'tworry.Nevermind.Takeiteasy.Calmdown.表示建議：Youshould.Yououghtto(oughta)...Shouldn'tyou比youshould語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈的多Whynot...Whydon'tyou...Howabout...Whatabout...IfIwereyouIwould...=Youshould...hadbetter….Let's...Isthereanythingwrongwith...It'shightime...早就應(yīng)該這么做了（表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈主觀愿望，選項(xiàng)中找shoul）It'stime...It'srighttime...It'sabouttime...It'sjusttime...2022/12/1435短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律悲慘原則：通常要辦的事情都是不順利的談?wù)撡I東西肯定買不到，談?wù)撚喎靠隙ㄓ喭炅?，談?wù)摻煌隙〒頂D，談?wù)撥嚳隙▔牡?，談?wù)摽荚嚳隙ú患案?，談?wù)撘安涂隙ㄏ掠?。男女原則：一般男生比較衰，女生比較牛。男生提出的觀點(diǎn)女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的觀點(diǎn)男生都是同意和贊賞的。男生的特征:臟、亂、差、浪費(fèi)、窮、小氣、不良習(xí)慣、遲鈍、不顧家女生的特征:愛(ài)干凈、節(jié)約、富有、好學(xué)、能干、聰明、大度、耐心、戀家、除數(shù)理化外成績(jī)都很好2022/12/1436短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（校園生活）1）課程（course）一般很難，verychallenging；2）作業(yè)包括assignment，paper，essay，presentation，experiment等形式，作業(yè)一般很多，很難，學(xué)生功課很忙，經(jīng)常遇到阻礙。經(jīng)常詢問(wèn)同學(xué)論文的進(jìn)展速度，也很關(guān)心別人對(duì)自己的論文怎么評(píng)價(jià)；男生一般很緊張，女生卻比較從容；3）考試一般很難，學(xué)生很喜歡“臨時(shí)抱佛腳”（尤其男生），女生比男生用功，考的好，還很愛(ài)幫助男生上進(jìn)，往往站在教育者的角度教育男生；4）教授的課（含lecture，presentation等）的內(nèi)容難，極為枯燥，速度快，跟不上，很難聽(tīng)懂但是學(xué)生卻對(duì)教授評(píng)價(jià)甚高；5）圖書館找資料，借的書過(guò)期未還或是保留本不讓外借。6）同學(xué)互助一般為：幫助照看東西、幫忙通知信息、幫忙補(bǔ)課等7）學(xué)生兼職一般做：助教、服務(wù)生、社會(huì)調(diào)查等；8）宿舍里，同學(xué)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)、玩游戲，影響了自己正常學(xué)習(xí)，然后提出自己看法。2022/12/1437短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（校園生活）作業(yè)話題：1、paper論文：（1）paper常用詞義：paper論文；newspaper報(bào)紙；papers文件；paper紙（2）research查詢資料。對(duì)應(yīng)場(chǎng)景l(fā)ibrary圖書館。（3）寫論文的步驟：第一步，選題topic，選題難，范圍廣。第二步，查詢資料research，圖書館場(chǎng)景。第三步，打出論文。typewriter打字機(jī)，computer計(jì)算機(jī)，printer打印機(jī)，laserprinter激光打印機(jī)，laptop筆記本電腦。論文沒(méi)打完，typewriter/computer壞了breakdown或者typewriter需要新的ribbon（色帶）。（4）題目難選，資料難查，打字困難（機(jī)房總被占）。獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金：fellowship；RA助研：researchassistant；TA助教：teachingassistant2022/12/1438短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（校園生活）作業(yè)話題：2、presentation口頭演講，口頭報(bào)告：（1）同義詞：report,speech,address。（2）考點(diǎn)：I.著裝正式formalclothes（考試中另一個(gè)考到著裝正式的考點(diǎn)是interview面試），II.演講人的內(nèi)心感受：nervous緊張的。3、readingassignment閱讀作業(yè)：文科學(xué)生readinglist讀書清單。抱怨需要讀的書多。【study表過(guò)程；learn表結(jié)果。search表過(guò)程；find表結(jié)果。try表過(guò)程；manage表結(jié)果】2022/12/1439短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（日常生活）吃：（校內(nèi)、校外）校內(nèi)：飯?zhí)胏afeteria（不好吃）校外：restaurant有waiter,menu,order,reserveatable,makeareservationapplepie蘋果派（好吃）打電話場(chǎng)景：1、約人約不到：makeanappointment主要指約醫(yī)生2、約會(huì)去不了：comeup,reschedule,fitsb.in3、電話打不通，打錯(cuò)了：runoutofcoin,cutoff（被中斷；hangup主動(dòng)掛斷）相關(guān)詞匯：receiver聽(tīng)筒

slot投幣孔

dial撥號(hào)telephonebook=yellowpages電話簿2022/12/1440短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（日常生活）機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景：1、票已售完。2、接人晚點(diǎn)。3、送人傷感。機(jī)場(chǎng)線索詞：airplane飛機(jī)；flight航班；takeoff起飛；land降落；circle盤旋；wing機(jī)翼；terminal候機(jī)大廳，終端（常用），終點(diǎn)站交通話題：1、交通堵塞：trafficjam,backup,heavy2、交通違章：要罰款3、交通晚點(diǎn)：behindschedule4、交通事故：超速或者是躲避不及；學(xué)生一般命大，遇到交通事故(甚至飛機(jī)墜毀)，往往車(包括自行車)毀而人無(wú)大礙，受點(diǎn)輕傷或者毫發(fā)未傷步行是一種鍛煉方式；騎自行車可以回避高峰，但車胎容易沒(méi)氣（flattire）;乘巴士方便，但中途容易出故障（breakdown）；開(kāi)車上班容易塞車(muchtrafficjam)；坐火車可以看風(fēng)景（sightsee）,但火車上食物不好，因此經(jīng)常選擇自己帶食物或提前吃。2022/12/1441短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（日常生活）醫(yī)院場(chǎng)景：1、醫(yī)生難找。2、病情如何。3、有病耽誤課。misstheclass缺課缺課的原因：(1)生病getill(2)睡過(guò)了頭oversleep(3)交通問(wèn)題，車壞了等。購(gòu)物場(chǎng)景：1、超市supermarket：購(gòu)買生活用品supplies（便宜）2、百貨公司departmentstore：服裝；家用電器appliance（貴）2022/12/1442短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（日常生活）找工作場(chǎng)景：工作難找，面試要做充分準(zhǔn)備1、搜集工作信息，來(lái)源如下：classifiedad分類廣告helpandwantedsection供求關(guān)系版bulletinboard公告板flier傳單2、打電話確認(rèn)工作是否還available：makeaphonecall。3、準(zhǔn)備工作簡(jiǎn)歷resumev.重新開(kāi)始；n.個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷。4、面試interview：需攜帶證書certificates；需出示身份證明identification；判斷你是否具有qualification；出示推薦信referenceletter。2022/12/1443短對(duì)話命題規(guī)律短對(duì)話話題:

（日常生活）看show場(chǎng)景;一般人多票難買找人一般找不到談?wù)撎鞖庖话銟O端不好對(duì)電影的評(píng)價(jià)基本上是負(fù)面的2022/12/1444場(chǎng)景詞匯飯店:menu,order,waitress,waiter,takeorder,goDutch,It‘smytreat等；

旅館:checkin/out,makeareservation,register,receptiondesk等；

醫(yī)院:physician,doctor,nurse,operation-room,emergencyroom,visitinghours,prescribe,pill等；

2022/12/1445銀行：openanaccount,withdraw,deposit,saving,cashacheck等；

飛機(jī)/機(jī)場(chǎng)：flight,safety-belt,boardingcard,captain,airhostess,airline,takeoff,land,crash等。

2022/12/1446短對(duì)話總結(jié)1、后句比前句重要，回答比提問(wèn)重要2、若選項(xiàng)中個(gè)別單詞或短語(yǔ)被明顯播讀，此項(xiàng)多為錯(cuò)項(xiàng);同義詞替換選項(xiàng)正確可能性大3、關(guān)注對(duì)話潛在規(guī)則2022/12/1447重點(diǎn)題型1）地點(diǎn)

根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容判斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)或?qū)υ捴兴崾录l(fā)生的地點(diǎn)是四級(jí)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中常見(jiàn)的也是比較重要的一個(gè)題型。地點(diǎn)題一般有以下幾種：

(1)根據(jù)信息詞設(shè)題

(2)借助對(duì)話中提到的多個(gè)地點(diǎn)設(shè)題2022/12/1448(1)根據(jù)信息詞設(shè)題

①W:Dear,Ifeelhungrynow.Howaboutyou?

M:SodoI.Letmecallroomservice.Hello,roomservice.Pleasesendamenuto320rightaway.

Q:Wherearethetwospeakers?

A.Inahotel.B.Atadinnertable.

C.Inthestreet.D.Attheman'shouse.

該題通過(guò)hungry和menu來(lái)迷惑同學(xué)們，引導(dǎo)大家選擇B，其實(shí)，本題所借助的信息詞是roomservice和320這個(gè)房間號(hào)，答案是A。

2022/12/1449②M:Canyoustayfordinner?

W:I'dloveto.ButIhavetogoandsendsomeregisteredmailbeforepickingupthechildrenfromschool.

Q:Wherewillthewomangofirst?

A.TotheschoolB.Toafriend'shouse.

C.Tothepostoffice.D.Home

本題借助registeredmail設(shè)題，答案是C。但這里同樣也有地點(diǎn)的辨析問(wèn)題，要求同學(xué)們能聽(tīng)出是"首先到……地方"。

2022/12/1450③M:Excuseme,I'mlookingfortheemergencyroom.Ithoughtthat

itwasonthefirstfloor.

W:Itis.Thisisthebasement.Taketheelevatoroneflightupandturnleft.

Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

A.InalibraryB.Inahotel.

C.Inahospital.D.Inanelevator

本題設(shè)題所依據(jù)的信息詞是emergencyroom，只要考生了解其語(yǔ)域就可判斷答案為C。2022/12/1451(2)借助對(duì)話中提到的多個(gè)地點(diǎn)設(shè)題

有時(shí)對(duì)話中提到的地點(diǎn)不只一個(gè)，這時(shí)，一般是將所有的地點(diǎn)都包括在選項(xiàng)之中。這種情況下，同學(xué)們不必考慮信息詞問(wèn)題，只要能將地點(diǎn)與其相關(guān)事件聯(lián)系起來(lái)就可確定答案。2022/12/1452①M(fèi):Ididnotseeourbossyesterday.Hashecomeback?

W:HewasjustbackfromFrancebesidesvisitingBritain，Germany，andSpain.

Q:Whichcountrydidthebossvisitfirst?

A.FranceB.BritainC.GermanyD.Spain

四個(gè)地點(diǎn)都是訪問(wèn)過(guò)的地點(diǎn)，要求同學(xué)們能夠分清先后。答案為B

。

2022/12/1453②M:WillMr.Smithcometothepartyattheweekend?

W:He‘llbesupposedto，buthewon'tbebackfromhistripuntilthenextweek.

Q:WherewillMr.SmithbeonSaturday?

A.AtthepartyB.Athome

C.StillonhistripD.Backfromhistrip.

本題是將地點(diǎn)與時(shí)間連在一起，要求同學(xué)們?cè)诼?tīng)的同時(shí)注意區(qū)別每個(gè)事件所發(fā)生的時(shí)間，答案為C。

2022/12/14542.職業(yè)、身份

根據(jù)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容判斷說(shuō)話者的身份和職業(yè)是四級(jí)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中一常見(jiàn)題型。該題型的題項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)有兩種：

(1)說(shuō)話者自身的身份或職業(yè)

(2)說(shuō)話雙方之間的關(guān)系2022/12/1455說(shuō)話者自身的身份或職業(yè)

根據(jù)談話內(nèi)容判斷說(shuō)話者一方的職業(yè)或身份：

①W:Goodevening,ProfessorDavid.MynameisSusanGray.I'mwiththelocalnewspaper.DoyoumindifIaskyouafewquestions?

M:Notatall.Goahead,please.

Q:WhatisSusanGray.

A.Awriter.B.Ateacher.C.Areporter.D.Astudent.

由localnewspaper可以判斷說(shuō)話者是位記者，在采訪。2022/12/1456②M:HowaboutthefoodIordered?I'vebeenwaitingfor20minutesalready.

W:I'mverysorry,sir.I'llbebackwithyourorderinaminute.

Q:Whoisthemanmostprobablyspeakingto?

A.Ashopassistant.B.Atelephoneoperator

C.Awaitress.D.Aclerk.

與order有關(guān)的自然是waitress，答案為c

。

2022/12/1457(2)說(shuō)話雙方之間的關(guān)系

該題型是上一題型的延伸，要求同學(xué)們能判斷說(shuō)話者雙方的身份。問(wèn)題經(jīng)常是What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

①W:Howlongwillittakeyoutofixmywatch?

M:I'llcallyouwhenit'sready.Butitshouldn'ttakelongerthanaweek.

Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

2022/12/1458Librarianandstudent.B.Operatorandcaller.C.Bossandsecretary.D.Customerandrepairman.

既然女士讓男的fixmywatch，說(shuō)明對(duì)方是repairman，而自己是customer。

2022/12/1459②M:Sorrytotroubleyou.Butisthereanypossibilityofborrowingablanket?Ifeelcold.

W:Ithinkwe'vegotone.Couldyouwaituntilaftertake-offplease?

Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Aguestandareceptionist.

B.Apassengerandanairhostess.

C.Acustomerandashopassistant.

D.Aguestandawaitress.take-off一詞的使用說(shuō)明女的是空姐，答案自然是B。

2022/12/1460

可以看出，職業(yè)、身份以及說(shuō)話雙方關(guān)系的選擇所依據(jù)的同樣是信息詞。當(dāng)然，要判斷雙方的關(guān)系，還可以從說(shuō)話的方式入手。如：

M:MakethirtycopiesformeandtwentycopiesforMr.Brown.

W:Certainlysir.AssoonasImakethefinalcorrectionsontheoriginal.

Q:What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Bossandsecretary.B.Lawyerandclient.

CTeacherandstudent.D.Nurseandpatient.

兩人間說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣和方式表明是"老板與秘書"的關(guān)系。2022/12/14613）計(jì)算題

計(jì)算題要求同學(xué)們不僅能分辨不同的時(shí)間、金錢等數(shù)量概念，還應(yīng)能將聽(tīng)到的各個(gè)數(shù)量聯(lián)系起來(lái)進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算。如：

①M(fèi):Yoursonseemstohavemademuchprogressinplayingthepiano.Doesheattendanypianoclasses?

W:Yes,hetakeslessonstwiceaweek,butfromnextweekon,hewillgototheclassonSaturdayevenings,too.

2022/12/1462Q:Howoftenwillthewoman‘ssonhavepianolessonsfromnextweekon?

A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.

C.Threetimesaweek.D.Fourtimesaweek.

兩次加一次自然是三次，答案是C。

2022/12/1463②W:ProfessorClarksaidthatthemid-termexamwouldcoverthefirst15lessons.

M:Really?Ithoughtitonlyincludedthefirst12lessons.ThenImustspendtheweekendtogoovertherestofthelessons.

Q:Howmanylessonsmustthemanreviewovertheweekend?

A.Fivelessons.B.Threelessons.

C.TwelvelessonsD.Fifteenlessons.

這是最簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算題，只要同學(xué)們不將答案誤認(rèn)為是C或D，就不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。

2022/12/1464③W:Here'sa10-dollarbill.Givemetwoticketsfortonight'sshowplease.

M:Sure.Twoticketsandhereis$1,40change.

Q:Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?

A.$1.40.B.$4.30.C.$6.40.D.$8.6010美元，兩張票，找零1.40美元，說(shuō)明每張票為4.30美元。

從以上例子可以看出，含有數(shù)量概念的題，對(duì)話中提到的數(shù)量一般不可能為正確答案，總要同學(xué)們進(jìn)行一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減運(yùn)算。

2022/12/14654）言外之意、弦外之音

推測(cè)說(shuō)話者話中之話是聽(tīng)力中必考的題型。從試題的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)來(lái)看，大體有一下幾種：

(1)對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查

(2)對(duì)建議的考查

(3)對(duì)話題的考查

(4)同義表達(dá)方式的考查

(5)上下義概念的考查2022/12/1466對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查

包含虛擬語(yǔ)氣的聽(tīng)力考題中一般都有“是不非”相對(duì)的選項(xiàng)，這就要求同學(xué)們了解虛擬語(yǔ)氣的表意功能，根據(jù)虛擬語(yǔ)氣判斷正確選項(xiàng)。①W:I'mthinkingofgoingtoAustinforavisit.Doyouthinkit'sworthseeing?

M:Well,IwishIhadbeenthere.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

A.ThemanisplanningatriptoAustin.

B.ThemanhasnotbeentoAustinbefore.

C.Themandoesn'tlikeAustin.

D.ThemanhasbeentoAustinbefore.

IwishIhadbeenthere.說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人沒(méi)有去過(guò)。

2022/12/1467②W:Ifithadn'tbeensnowingsohard,Imighthavebeenhomeby9o'clock.

M:It'stoobadyoudidn'tmakeit.Janewashereandshewantedtoseeyou.

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?

A.Shegothomebefore9o'clock.

B.Shehadabadcold.

C.Shehadacaraccident.

D.Shewasdelayed.

Ifithadn'tbeensnowingsohard,Imighthavebeenhomeby9o'clock.說(shuō)明因?yàn)檠┨?，說(shuō)話者未能在9點(diǎn)前到家。也就是說(shuō)shewasdelayed。

2022/12/1468(2)對(duì)建議的考查

建議題要求同學(xué)們掌握建議的各種表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)建議選擇正確選項(xiàng)。

①W:Themoviestartsin5minutesandthere'sboundtobealongtime.

M:Whydon'twecomebackforthenextshow?I'msureitwouldbelesscrowded.

Q:Whatisthemansuggesting?

2022/12/1469A.Comingbackforalatershow.

B.Waitinginaqueue.

C.Comingbackinfiveminutes.

D.Notgoingtothemovietoday.

Whydon't…?上一種建議表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)該句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容可以判斷答案是A。

2022/12/1470②W:Wedoneedanotherbookshelfinthisroom.Buttheproblemisthespaceforit.

M:Howaboutmovingtheolddiningtabletothekitchen？

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggesttheyshoulddo?

A.Findingalargerroom.B.Selltheoldtable.

C.Buytwobookshelves.D.Rearrangesomefurniture.根據(jù)movingthediningtabletothekitchen來(lái)判斷答案為D。

2022/12/1471建議的表達(dá)方式還有：

Whynot…?Whatdoyouthinkof…?

IfIwereyou/IfIwereinyourshoes,Iwould…

Shallwe…?Isuggest….

You'dbetter/Yououghtto….

2022/12/1472(3)對(duì)話題的考查

話題指會(huì)話雙方所談?wù)摰脑掝}，要求同學(xué)們具有概括能力。

①W:Doyouwantadaycourseoraneveningcourse?

M:Well,itwouldhavetobeaneveningcoursesinceIworkduringtheday.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

A.Thechoiceofcourses.B.Adaycourse.

C.Aneveningcourse.D.Theirwork.

兩個(gè)人談?wù)摰氖沁x白天的課還是晚上的課，由此可以判斷答案應(yīng)該是A。

2022/12/1473②M:Iwasterriblyembarrassedwhensomeoftheaudiencegotupandleftinthemiddleoftheperformance.

W:Well,somepeoplejustcan'tseemtoappreciatethereal-lifedrama.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

A.Amovie.B.Alecture.

C.Aplay.D.Aspeech.

從對(duì)話中的audience,performan