小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一.意義：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)二.構(gòu)成及變化1.be動(dòng)詞的變化?？隙ň洌褐髡Z+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。當(dāng)主語為第一，二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞為do肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Weoftenplaybasketballafterschool.否定句：主語+don't+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：wedon’tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑問句：Do+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?如：DoyouoftenplaybasketballafterschoollYes,wedo./No,wedon't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以do開頭的一般疑問句?如：Whatdoyouoftendoafterschool當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),助動(dòng)詞為does肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞三單式(+其它)。如：Heswimswell.否定句：主語+doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Hedoesn’tswimwell..一般疑問句：Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：DoesheswimwellYes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以does開頭的一般疑問句?如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?三.第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則(只有在第三人稱為主語的肯定句中，動(dòng)詞才用三單式)(1)多數(shù)動(dòng)詞直接加s:runsgetslikescolletstakesplaysclimbs…….(2)結(jié)尾是s,x,sh,ch,o,前為輔音字母,結(jié)尾加es:watchesteachesgoesdoeswashescrossesmixesbrushes(3)動(dòng)詞末尾y前為輔音:將y改為i加es:study→studiesfly→fliescarry→carriescry→cries但在y前如果為元音則直接加s:buyssays四.時(shí)間標(biāo)志：always,usually,often,sometimes,every…現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一.意義——當(dāng)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正在發(fā)生的事。二.構(gòu)成:be(am,is,are)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing形式肯定句：主語+be+現(xiàn)在分詞V-ing(+其他)I’mdoingmyhomeworknow.否定句：主語+be+not+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他.I’mnotdoingmyhomeworknow.一般疑問句：Be+主語+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他?AreyoudoingyourhomeworknowYes,Iam.No,I’mnot.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他Whatareyoudoingnow

三.現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：(1)一般在動(dòng)詞末尾直接加ing,(2)以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加ing，如skate→skatingmake→makingdance→dancingwrite→writinghave→havingride→ridingcome→coming(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，中間只有一個(gè)元音字母，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing,如：puttingrunningbeginningstoppingswimmingshoppingjoggingsittinggettingforgettingletting四.時(shí)間標(biāo)志——now，句前的look,listen一般過去時(shí)一.意義:表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài).二.構(gòu)成及變化1.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(wasnot=wasn’t)are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=weren’t)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。2.行為動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式.IwatchedafilmlastSunday.否定句：主語+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形.Ididn’twatchafilmlastSunday.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形DidyouwatchafilmlastSundayYes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以did開頭的一般疑問句WhatdidyoudolastSunday

三、時(shí)間標(biāo)志：yesterday,yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening…)lastnight(week,month,year…),amomentago,aweekago,threeyearsago…一般將來時(shí)一.意義:表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蛑貜?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。二.構(gòu)成及變化：一般將來時(shí)常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形:表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事或即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，沒有太多的計(jì)劃性,還用來表示意愿1.begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形1.肯定句主語+be(am/,is,/are)goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份MysisterisgoingtolearnEnglishnextyear.我姐姐準(zhǔn)備明年學(xué)英語。2.否定句主語+be(am/is/are)notgoingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份Iamnotgoingto(goto)thecinematonight.我今天晚上不打算去看電影。3.一般疑問句Be(am/is/are)+主語+goingto+動(dòng)詞原型+其它成份…

IsyourfathergoingtoplaybasketballwithyouNo,heisn’t.你父親打算和你去打籃球嗎?不。4.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞(Wh-)+一般疑問句WhereareyougoingtospendSpringFesital.春節(jié)你打算在哪過

5.注意:begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)后面習(xí)慣上不跟go，come等表位移的動(dòng)詞，一般用該動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示。如:He’sgoingtoNewYorknextweek.下周他要去紐約.2.will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形(在書面語中，主語是第一人稱時(shí)，常用shall,在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will)1.肯定句主語+will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份I(shall)writetohimnextweek.下周我將給他寫信。2.否定句主語+will/shall+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份Theywon’twatchTVthisevening.今天晚上他們不看電視。3.一般疑問句will/shall+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份Willyoustayathomewithustomorrow明天你和我們呆在家里好嗎

4.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞(Wh-)+一般疑問句Whenwillyourfatherbeback你爸爸什么時(shí)侯回來

三、附:ShallI/we…常用來征求對(duì)方意見，而問對(duì)方是否愿意，或者表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)，常用Willyou…他們的回答比較靈活。

1.Shallwegotothepark肯定Sure,let’sgo.否定No,let’sgotothecinema.2.Willyoupleasecometomybirthdaypartynextweek肯定Yes,Iwill./Sure.否定I’msorry.I’mafraidIcan’t.四、時(shí)間標(biāo)志：tomorrow,soon,nextMonday,nextyear,nextweekend,thisafternoon,thisevening……justnow,班級(jí)：學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：

1、他不高。

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3、我們晚上經(jīng)常看電視。

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8、湯姆正在公園里跑步。

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11、他們?cè)诟墒裁矗?/p>

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15、他們將去哪里游泳？

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17、我們將去溜冰。

——————————————————————————————————練習(xí)題：一、用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1.I________(do)myhomeworkeveryevening.2.We_______(fly)kitesintheparkonSundays.3.Mymother_____________(clean)ourroomonSundays.4.Tom____________(play)thepianoeverySaturday.Nowhe____________(play).5.She___________(like)swimming.She_____________(swim)thisweekend.6.Usuallymymother_______________(wash)thedishesafterlunch.Butmygrandma_____________(wash)today.7.Lookattheman!He____________(read)amagazine.8.Look!Theplane______________(fly)overthebuilding.9.Listen!Myaunt______________(sing)intheroom.Sheisasinger.She__________(like)singing.She_____________(have)amusicshow.Sheisexcited.10.TomandMikealways______________(swim)intheriver.They___________(swim)intheswimmingpoolthisSunday.Look!They________________(swim).11.What____youusually______(do)intheeveningI______(play)computergames.12.What_______you_______(do)nowI__________(make)apaperplane.13.What_______he_______(do)He_____________(dance).14.What_______she______(do)yesterdayShe______(visit)hergrandparents.15.______yourmother______(read)newspaperinthemorningYes,She________.16._______you_______(like)fishingNo,I______.Ilike__________(swim),butmybrother___________(like).17.How______yourfather_______(go)toworkeverydayHe_________(go)bybike.Butit’scoldtoday.He___________(take)theNo.21bus,,andhe____________(go)toworkbytaxiyesterday.18._______themonkey_______(like)climbingtreesYes,it_______.19.What_______yourfather______(do)afterlunchHe_______(read)acomicbook.What_____he_______(do)todayHe_______(clean)thekitchenformygrandma.Look!He(clean).20.________you______(collect)stampsYes.I_______.________yourbrother______(collect),tooNo,he________.

二、選擇題1._____he_____totheparkat6:30inthemorningNo,he_____.A.Does;goes;doesB.Does;go;doesn’tC.Does;go;does2.Whatcolour_____you_____thisbookcaseI_____itpink.A.are;goingtopaint;amgoingtopaintB.do;paint;paintC.did;paint;painted3.Timalways_____apictureathome.He_____acarnow.A.draws;isdrawingB.draw;drawC.draws;draw4.Sheusually_____herfriends.Theyoften_____tea.A.see;drinkB.sees;drinksC.sees;drink5.Heusually_____thedishesatnight,buttonighthe_____clothes.A.wash;washB.washes;isgoingtowashC.iswashing;washes6.Mr.Greenusually_____hisnewspaperintheevening,butheandhiswife_____televisionyesterdayevening.A.reads;watchesB.reads;isgoingtowatchC.reads;watched7.WherearethemanandthewomanThey_____nearthetree.A.sitB.satC.aresitting8._____yourpenpal_____divingNo,he_____.He______writingstories.A.Does;like;doesn’t;likesB.Does;likes;doesn’t;likeC.Do;like;don’t;likes9._____you_____fishingyesterdayNo,we_____.A.Does;go;doesn’tB.Did;go;didn’tC.Do;go;don’t10.Openthewindow,Please.Look!He_____it.A.opensB.isopenningC.isopening11.Iusually_____somemilkeveryday.ButI_____coffeeyesterday.A.drink;drankB.isdrinking;drinkC.drank;amdrinking12.Mr.Greenoften__hisnewspapersatnight.Buthe___aninterestingbooktonight.A.reads;readsB.reads;readC.reads;isgoingtoread13.Theoldman_____playingsportsinthepark.He_____morningexercisenow.A.likes;isdoingB.likes;doesC.like;doing14.What_____youusually_____intheeveningI______computergames.What_____you_____lastnightI_____abook.A.do;do;play;did;do;readB.did;do;played;do;do;readC.does;do;plays;do;do;amreading15.Where______theboy_____He_____acrosstherivernow.A.does;swim;swimsB.is;swimming;isswimmingD.is;swimming;isswimming16._____you_____tomusicnowYes,we_____.A.Do;listen;doB.Did;listen;didC.Are;listening;are17.Putonyoucoat,please.OK.I___iton.A.amputtingB.amgoingtoputC.put18._____you______coffeeYes,I______.A.Do;like;doB.Did;like;didC.Are;like;am19.Look!Twocats______acrossthewall.A.runB.runsC.arerunning20.She____tea,buthe___.A.likes;doesn’tB;like;don’tC.like;doesn’t21.---Howmany________inthetree---Therearetwo.A.birdaretherB.birds