精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)總結(jié)與練習(xí)一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式1.

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本時(shí)態(tài)變化被動(dòng)語態(tài)通常為十種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式,

被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式為：1)

am/is/are+done(過去分詞)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2)

has/havebeendone

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.3)

am/is/arebeingdone

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．4)

was/weredone

一般過去時(shí)IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.5)

hadbeendone

過去完成時(shí)Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinBeijing.6)

was/werebeingdone

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.7)

shall/willbedone

一般將來時(shí)Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8)

should/wouldbedone

過去將來時(shí)Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.9)

shall/willhavebeendone

將來完成時(shí)（少用）TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.10)

should/wouldhavebeendone

過去將來完成時(shí)（少用）Hetoldmethathisnewclotheswouldhavebeenmadeverysoon.2.

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1)

帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過去分詞。Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2)

有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.

可改為

Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.3)

當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動(dòng)。Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.

可改為Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4)

在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.

可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.5)

有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞＋介詞”，“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.3.

非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)v.+ing

形式及不定式

todo

也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)(一般時(shí)態(tài)和完成時(shí)態(tài))

。Idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.二、

如何使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不僅要知道被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還要知道在哪些情況中使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。1.

講話者不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者

(這時(shí)可省

by

短語)。Mybikewasstolenlastnight.2.

借助被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作突出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldaccepttheoffer.3.

為了更好地安排句子。Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.

（一個(gè)主語就夠了）三、

Itissaidthat+從句及其他類似句型一些表示“據(jù)說”或“相信”的動(dòng)詞如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋過去分詞＋that從句”或“主語＋be＋過去分詞＋todosth.”。有：Itissaidthat…

據(jù)說……Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道……Itisbelievedthat…大家相信……Itishopedthat…大家希望……Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知……Itisthoughtthat…大家認(rèn)為……Itissuggestedthat…據(jù)建議……Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.

（＝Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.

）四、謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1.

英語中有很多動(dòng)詞如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式

表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語通常是物。Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較：Thedoorwon'tlock．

（指門本身有毛病）Thedoorwon'tbelocked．

（指不會(huì)有人來鎖門,

指“門沒有鎖”是人的原因）2.

表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Howdothenewspaperscomeout?

這些報(bào)紙是如何引出來的呢？3.

系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式,

但有些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞feel,sound,taste,book,feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.五、非謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

。1.

在need，want，require,bear等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。Thehouseneedsrepairing（toberepaired）．這房子需要修理。2.

形容詞worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．（＝Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead．）3.

動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,

不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon．

(todo與things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與I是主謂關(guān)系。)試比較：I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobeposted?(

此處用不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)作定語表明you不是post動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。)4.

在某些“形容詞＋不定式”做表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語或賓語又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語時(shí)，這時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.（可看作toworkout省略了forme）.5.

在too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thisbookistooexpensive(forme)tobuy.6.

在therebe…句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)式作定語，重點(diǎn)在人，用被動(dòng)形式作定語，重點(diǎn)在物。例Thereisnotimetolose（tobelost）．（用tolose可看成forustolose；用tobelost，誰

losttime不明確。）7.

在betodo結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不定式通常應(yīng)用主動(dòng)表主動(dòng),

被動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。然而,由于古英語的影響,下列動(dòng)詞rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Whoistoblameforstartingthefire?六、介詞in,on,under等+名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動(dòng)意義表示方位的介詞與含動(dòng)作意義的名詞合用，含被動(dòng)之義，其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞。1.

“under+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某事在進(jìn)行中”。常見的有：undercontrol（受控制）,undertreatment（在治療中）,underrepair（在修理中）,underdiscussion（在討論中）,underconstruction（在施工中）。Thebuildingisunderconstruction(isbeingconstructed).2.

“beyond+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，“出乎……勝過……、范圍、限度”。常見的有：beyondbelief(令人難以置信)，

beyondone’sreach（鞭長莫及），beyondone’scontrol（無法控制），beyondourhope．

我們的成功始料不及。Therumourisbeyondbelief（=can’tbebelieved）．3.

“above+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),

表示“(品質(zhì)、行為、能力等)

超過……、高于……”。Hishonestcharacterisaboveallpraise．=Hishonestcharactercannotbepraisedenough．4.

“for+名

詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示

“適于……、

為著……”。如：forsale(出售),forrent（出租）等。Thathouseisforsale.(=Thathouseistobesold).5.

“in+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)

，表示“在……過程中或范圍內(nèi)”常見的有：inprint（在印刷中），insight(在視野范圍內(nèi))，等。Thebookisnotyetinprint．(=isnotyetprinted)

（）1．TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C．a(chǎn)reholding D．willho1d（）2.Intheartshow，alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings．A．isgiving Bisgiven Cwillgive Dhasgiven（）3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaught D.istaught（）4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards（）5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used（）6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.clean B.cleans C.iscleaned（）7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it____.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．A．polluted Bwaspolluted Chaspolluted D．waspo11ute（）8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保護(hù))theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted（）9.---IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.---Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen（）10.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted（）11.Somefamouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshown D.willbeshown（）12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives（）13.---Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.---Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeen______thesedays.A.turnedup B.putup C.shownup D.fixedup（）14.Twelve-year-oldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed（）15.

—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?

—Yes,ourclassroom______everyday.

A.clean

B.cleans

C.iscleaned

D.Cleaned課后練習(xí)（）1．—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.

–I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.don’ttell

B.didn’ttell

C.haven’ttold

D.wasn’ttold（）2．Manyoldhousesaroundourschool____nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldown

B.willbepulleddown C.willpulldown

D.arepulleddown（）3．---Mywatch______.---Don’tworry.Let’sgototheLost&Found.A.islost B.isbroken C.hasfound D.hasstopped（）4．---DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?---No,I___________.A.amnotinvited B.wasn’tinvited C.haven’tinvited D.didn’tinvite（）5．--Howoften______yourschoolsportsmeeting______?--Onceayear.A.does;hold B.was;hold C.is;held D.did;hold（）6．OnMay30th,,onebowlintheMingdynasty(明朝)_______atthepriceof30.36millionHongKongdollars.A.sell B.sold C.issold D.wassold（）7．The"Thousand-handGuanyin"____bymanypeopleasthebestperformanceatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregarded B.areregarded C.hasregarded D.regards（）8．—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,they______inHangzhou.A.painted B.werepainting C.werepainted D.hadpainted（）9．---Don’tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”---Sorry.A,hasthrow B,wasthrow C,mustthrow D,mustbethrown（）10．The29th0lympicGames__inBeijingin2008．A．willhold Bwillbeheld C．hold（）11.Thegirlwasoftenheardhappilyinherroom.A.sing B.tosing C.singing D.sings（）12.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild（）13.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild（）14.Thesickboy_________tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakenB.wastakenC.takesD.took（）15.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.--Ithinkabridge_________overtheriver.A.wasbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.shouldbebuilt（）16.--David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.

--Butit________offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.

A.sothat,hasbeenturned

B.when,hasturnedC.if,hasbeenturned

D.because,hasturned（）17.UsuallyJohntoschoolinhisfather’sbeautifulcar.A.hastakenB.istakingC.istakenD.hasbeentaken（）18.Don’tputofftoday’sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today’swork_________today.A.maydoB.mustdoC.maybedoneD.mustbedone（）19.--Look,whatanoldpalace!Itlookssogreat!--Yeah,it________nearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.isbuilt（）20.Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou_________todoso.A.askB.areasked C.willaskD.willbeasked把下列句子改寫成被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.Theymakemachinesinthatfactory.

__________________________________2.Everybodylikesthissong.

__________________________________3.Hedoesn'tshowthestampstome.

__________________________________4.Peopledon'tgrowriceinthewestofJapan._____________________________5.HeoftenhelpsTomwhenTomisintrouble._______________________________6.Dotheworkersbuildmanybuildings?__________________________________7.DoesKatesometimesbreakglasses?

__________________________________8.DoyoualwayssendalettertoMrHu?

__________________________________9.Whatdoestheteacheroftentelltheboystodo?_________________________10.Howmanydesksdotheybuyeveryterm?__________________________________將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，每空一詞1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.→

Thework_____________________________intwodays.2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.→

Silk_________

________inSuzhou.3.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.→

AnEnglishsong________

__________

________bythechildren.4.Youneedn'tdoitnow.→It________

__________

_________byyounow.5.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.→ANewYearCard________________

________herbymelastweek.6.Peoleusemetalformakingmachines.→Metal________

_________formakingmachines.7.Hemademedothatforhim.→I________

_________

_________thatforhim.8.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.→Thisbook_______

_________

________tothelibrary.9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?→________abridge________herebythemayearago?10.We'llputonanEnglishplayinourschool.→AnEnglishplay________

_______

_______oninourschool.11.MoreandmorefarmersbuycolourTVsets.→ColourTVsets________

______

______moreandmorefarmers.12.Mybrotheroftenmendshiswatch.→Hiswatch_________

_________

_________bymybrother.13.Wemustwatertheflowerseveryday.→Theflowersmust________

________(byus)everyday.14.Theyuseknivesforcuttingthings.→Knives_______________forcuttingthings.15.Hemadethefarmersworkforalongtime.→Thefarmers_______________

_______

______foralongtime.16.Didhebreakthewindowyesterday?→_________thewindow_______

_______

________

yesterday?17.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.→Thelightgreendresses________

_______

______out.18.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.→Theclassroom_________

________everyday.19.Youmustnotplanttreesinverydryearth.→Trees______

______

_______

______

inverydryearth.20.Youca