復合句——定語從句(3)1.Ithoughtofthehappydayswhen

(in

which)

I

stayed

in

Beijing.2.Thisistheplacewhere

(in

which)

I

used

to

teach.3.Isthisthereasonwhy

(for

which)

he

refused

our

help？4.Thereasonwhy

he

was

late

wasthathiswifewasdangerouslyillinhospital.5.I'llneverforgettheday(that/which)

we

spent

on

the

farm.6.I'llneverforgetthedaywhen

(on

which)

the

earthquake

happened.7.Idon'tunderstandtheway(in

which/that)

they

worked

out

the

problem.8.Theway(that/

which)

he

explained

to

uswasquitesimple.【名師點津】關系副詞when，where，why在定語從句中分別表示時間、地點或原因。關系副詞when，where，why的含義相當于“介詞＋which”結構，因此常常和“介詞＋which”結構交替使用。當先行詞是way，意為“方式，方法”時，引導定語從句的關系詞有inwhich，that或不用任何關系代詞這三種形式。Ⅰ.重點詞匯1．

n．運動；戰(zhàn)役vi.作戰(zhàn)；參加運動2．

n．蔭；陰涼處vt.遮住光線3．

adj.值得的；值得做的4．

n．人群；觀眾vt.擠滿；使擁擠5．

vt.鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示6．

n．&vt.支持；擁護7．

vt.打算；計劃8．

n．突發(fā)事件；緊急情況campaignshadeworthwhilecrowdinspiresupportintendemergency9．

n．一代；一輩10．

vt.遞送；生小孩兒；接生；發(fā)表演說等11．

adj.謙虛的；謙讓的；適度的12．

vt.&vi.舉動；舉止或行為表現→

n．行為；舉止；習性13．

vt.觀察；觀測；遵守→

n．觀察；觀測14．

vt.&n．尊敬；尊重；敬意→

adj.體面的；值得尊敬的→

adj.尊敬的generationdelivermodestbehavebehaviourobserveobservationrespectrespectablerespectful15．

vt.&vi.討論；辯論；爭論→

n．爭論；爭辯；爭吵16．

n．款待；娛樂；娛樂表演→

vt.款待；使快樂17．

vi.談到；查閱；參考→

n．參考；參照；涉及18．

adj.考慮周到的→

n．考慮；體諒argueargumententertainmententertainreferreferenceconsiderateconsiderationⅡ.重點短語1．

離開；起程；出發(fā)2．

過著……的生活3．

想法、問題等涌上心頭；涌入腦海4．

蔑視；瞧不起5．

查閱；參考；談到6．

碰巧；湊巧7．

偶然遇見；碰見8．

繼續(xù)；堅持moveoffleada．..lifecrowdinlookdownupon/onrefertobychancecomeacrosscarryonⅢ.重點句型1.Only

after

her

mother

came

to

help

her

for

the

first

few

monthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.她母親頭幾個月來幫過她的忙，這才使得她可以開始自己的計劃?！究键c提煉】

only＋狀語(介詞短語、副詞、從句等)開頭的句子，主句要部分倒裝。【句子仿寫】

只有當你年滿十八歲后，你才能參軍。Only

after

you

have

reached

eighteen

can

you

join

the

army.2．Suddenlyit

hit

me

howdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.突然我想起，在那個年代，一個女子去學醫(yī)是多么困難??！【考點提煉】

ithitsb.that/wh-...是一種常用句型，表示“某人突然想起……”；其中it是形式主語，that/wh-引導的主語從句作真正主語。【句子仿寫】

我突然意識到我犯了一個多么大的錯誤。It

suddenly

hit

me

what

a

terrible

mistake

I

had

made.3．Furtherreadingmademerealizethatit

washardworkanddeterminationaswellashergoodnaturethathadgotherintomedicalschool.進一步閱讀使我了解到，是苦干、決心和善良的天性使她走進了醫(yī)學院的大門?！究键c提煉】

realize后面是一個由that引導的賓語從句，這個賓語從句是由一個強調句型組成的：Itis/was＋被強調部分＋that/who...?！揪渥臃聦憽?/p>

我昨天是在附近的一家商店買的這件衣服。It

was

in

a

shop

nearby

that

I

bought

this

dress.1．behavev.

舉動；(舉止或行為)表現(課文原句)Shehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.她研究這些黑猩猩已經很多年了，幫助人們了解黑猩猩跟人類的行為是多么的相似。【歸納拓展】1)behavewell/badly舉止良好/糟糕behaveoneself(某人)規(guī)矩點；表現得體；有禮貌2)behaviorn．舉止；行為①Shehasbeenbehavingratherstrangely.她一直表現得頗為奇怪。②Mycarhasbeenbehaving

wellsinceitwasrepaired.我的汽車自從修好后一直工作很正常。③Iwantyoutobehave

yourselfwhileIamaway.我不在家時你要守規(guī)矩些。2．observev．觀察；觀測；遵守；慶祝(課文原句)Shespentyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.她花了多年的時間來觀察并記錄黑猩猩的日?；顒?。【歸納拓展】1)observe...do/doingsth....注意……做過某事/正在做某事(被動結構中要改為todo)observethat...注意到……2)observethelaw/therulesandregulations遵守法律/規(guī)章制度observeChristmas慶祝圣誕節(jié)①Isatinacornerandobservedwhatwasgoingon.我坐在一個角落里觀察當時發(fā)生的事情。②Youshouldobservethelocalcustomswhenyougoabroad.出國時你應該遵從當地風俗。③CanyousaysomethingabouthowtheChineseobservetheMid-AutumnFestival？你能說說中國人怎樣過中秋節(jié)嗎？④Thewomanwas

observed

to

followhimclosely.有人看到那個女子緊跟著他。⑤Thepoliceobserved

the

man

enteringthebank.警方監(jiān)視到那個人正走進銀行。(湖北高考)Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears，manyChinesestill________thetraditionalcustoms.A．perform B．possessC．observe D．support【解析】

句意：許多中國人盡管在國外居住了許多年，仍奉行傳統(tǒng)的習俗。perform執(zhí)行，表演；possess擁有；observe遵守，奉行(習俗等)；support支持。由句意可知C項正確?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C3．respectv．&n.

尊敬；尊重；敬意(課文原句)Forfortyyearsshehasbeenoutspokenaboutmakingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespectthelifeoftheseanimals.40年來，她一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重這些動物的生活?！練w納拓展】1)respectsb.for因某事而尊重某人respectoneself自尊，自重2)show/haverespectfor尊重……outofrespectforsb.出于對某人的尊敬treatsb.withrespect尊敬地對待某人①Weallshouldrespectourparentsandteachers.我們都應該尊敬我們的父母和老師。②Mr.Smithalwaysshows

respect

tohischildren'sopinions.史密斯先生總是很尊敬孩子們的意見。③Ideeplyrespect

him

forhiscourage.我深深敬佩他的勇氣。溫馨提醒

respectsn．(正式)敬意，問候give/sendone'srespectstosb.向某人問候，類似的表達還有sendone'sregards/greetingsto。④Givemyrespectstoyourwife.請代我問候你夫人。4．arguev.

討論；辯論；爭論(課文原句)Shearguedthatwildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.她主張應該讓野生動物留在野外生活，而不能用于娛樂或廣告?！練w納拓展】1)arguefor為……而辯護argueagainst反對……而辯護arguewithsb.(about/oversth.)與某人(為某事)而爭吵argueo/outofdoingsth.＝persuadeo/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事arguethat...主張……2)argumentn．[C]爭論；爭辯；爭吵①Wearealwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.我們總是為錢吵嘴。②Hearguedagainstsmoking，andinsistedthatitwasbeyondargumentthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth.他反對吸煙并且堅持認為吸煙有害于健康是無可爭辯的。③Theyargued

fortherighttostrike.他們據理力爭罷工權力。④Weargued

her

into

attendingtheparty.我們說服她參加了宴會。5．inspirev．鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示(課文原句)Sheinspiresthosewhowanttocheertheachievementsofwomen.她激勵著人們?yōu)閶D女的成就而歡呼喝彩。【歸納拓展】1)inspiresb.tosth.激勵某人某事inspiresb.todosth.激勵某人做某事inspiresb.withsth.用某物鼓舞某人2)inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；激勵的inspiredadj.受到鼓舞、啟發(fā)的inspirationn．靈感①Hetriedtoinspire

them

to

greater

efforts.他力圖鼓勵他們做出更大的努力。②Iwas

inspired

to

workharderbyherexample.她的榜樣激勵我更加努力工作。③Thefatherinspired

his

son

withconfidence.這位父親鼓勵兒子要自信。6．intendv.

計劃；打算(課文原句)Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealizedthatitwasintendedforwomeninthecountryside.我仔細地看了這篇文章，了解到那是為農村婦女編寫的?！練w納拓展】1)intendtodosth./doingsth.想要干某事intendsb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事intendthat(should)＋do計劃……；打算……2)beintendedforsb./sth.專門為……；專門給……beintendedtodo試圖；打算做hadintendedthat/todo...＝intendedtohavedone...原本打算做……3)intentionn．打算；計劃havenointentiontodo/ofdoingsth.無意去做某事withtheintentionofdoingsth.打算去做某事①Hehadnotintendedstayingforanotherweek.他沒打算再呆一星期。②Iintendedtogetthereassoonafter5asIcould.我打算在5點后盡快趕到那里。③IintendthatJohnshould

go

and

helpthemwiththeirwork.我的意思是要約翰去幫助他們工作。④Theprogrammeintended

forchildrenturnedouttobewelcomebypeopleofdifferentages.為孩子準備的節(jié)目結果被證明各個年齡段的人都歡迎。7．deliverv.

遞送；生(小孩兒)；接生；發(fā)表(演說)(課文原句)Therewasstoryafterstoryofhowshe，tiredafteraday'swork，wentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamilywhocouldnotpayher.數不勝數的故事講述著她如何在勞累一天之后，又在深夜去為貧苦家庭的產婦接生，而這些家庭是不可能給她報酬的。【歸納拓展】deliversth.(tosb.)投遞/傳送某物(給某人)deliveraspeech發(fā)表演說deliverababy接生孩子delivergoods/newspapers送貨/報紙①Lettersaredeliveredeveryday.每天都送信。②ComradeYangdelivered

the

opening

speech.楊同志致開幕詞。(全國新課標卷)Theworkers________theglassesandmarkedoneachbox“ThisSideUP”．Acarried BdeliveredCpressed Dpacked【解析】

句意：工人們把這些眼鏡包裝起來并在每個盒子上標注“此面朝上”。carry“攜帶，運送”；deliver“傳遞，發(fā)送”；press“擠壓”；pack“包裝”。【答案】

DⅠ.單項填空1．Allofthestudentswere________bythe________speechgivenbytheheadmaster.A．inspired；inspired B．inspiring；inspiringC．inspired；inspiring D．inspiring；inspired【解析】

inspiring鼓舞人心的；激勵的；inspired受到鼓舞、啟發(fā)的?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C2．Whiledriving，youshould________thespeedlimit.A．celebrate B．ignoreC．deny D．observe【解析】

句意：駕車上路，你應遵守限速規(guī)定。observe表示“遵守”；celebrate“慶祝”；ignore忽視，不理；deny“否定”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

D3．MissWanghad________tocatchthefirstbus，butshedidn'tgetupearlyenough.A．turned B．comeC．intended D．promised【解析】

intend有“打算”的意思，用過去完成時，表示“曾打算如此，但沒有做成”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C4．Theyargued________thematterthewholeafternoon，andatlastagreed________thedateforthenextmeeting.A．with；with B．on；onC．about；on D．over；over【解析】

本題考查點之一是短語argueabout就……爭論，其二是agreeon(雙方)就……達成共識?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C5．Advertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunicationinthattheadvertiserpaysforthemessage________.A．todeliver B．deliveredC．tobedelivered D．delivering【解析】

因message和deliver之間為被動關系，故排除A、D兩項；又因此處并不表完成，故用不定式的被動語態(tài)作message的定語?！敬鸢浮?/p>

CⅡ.完成句子6．父母讓孩子們在客人面前舉止禮貌。Theparentsaskedthechildrento________infrontoftheguests.【答案】

behavewell7．他們說服我買了輛新的自行車。They________anewbike.【答案】

arguedmeintobuying8．學生們都被這首振奮人心的歌曲所鼓舞。Thestudentswereall________bythe________song.【答案】

inspired；inspiring9．這種自行車是專為身高太矮的人設計的。Thiskindofbicycle________peoplewhoaretooshort.【答案】

isintendedfor10．學生們非常尊敬他們的歷史老師。Thestudents________theirhistoryteacher.【答案】

showgreatrespectfor1．lookdownupon/on輕視，看不起(課文原句)Manypeoplelookdownuponpoorpeople.很多人看不起窮人?！練w納拓展】lookinto調查；研究lookon旁觀；看待lookthrough瀏覽，審核，徹底審查lookup查閱(字典，資料)lookout注意，當心，小心，警惕lookoutfor當心，提防lookupto敬仰，尊重lookforwardto盼望，期待①Youcan'tlookdownuponapersonbecauseheispoor.你不能因為某個人貧窮就瞧不起他。②AsIlooked

throughthenewspapers，Ifoundsomeusefulinformation.我在瀏覽報紙時，發(fā)現了一些有用的信息。③Look

out

forcarswhilecrossingtheroad.過馬路時當心車輛。④Ilook

up

tohimbecausehe'sarealartist.我尊敬他，因為他是個真正的藝術家。(安徽高考)Nomatterhowlowyouconsideryourself，thereisalwayssomeone________youwishingtheywerethathigh.A．gettingridof B．gettingalongwithC．lookingupto D．lookingdownupon【解析】

句意：無論你把自己看得多么的低微，總是有人仰慕你并希望(像你)那么高大。本題考查動詞詞組辨析。lookupto仰視、尊敬；getridof除掉；getalongwith相處、進展；lookdownupon輕視、看不起?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C2．referto查閱、談到；參考(課文原句)Ifthewordgroupreferstodifferentmembers，useapluralverb.如果group這個詞指的是不同成員的話，動詞使用復數形式?！練w納拓展】1)refer...to...把……委托/交付給referto...as...將……稱為refertoadictionary查字典(＝lookupsth.inadictionary)2)referencen．提及；參考，參照；涉及in/withreferenceto...關于①TheteacherreferredtoChapterSevenduringyesterday'slecture.老師在昨天的講座中提到了第7章。③EvenasaboyhereferredtohisfatherasSteve.即使還是小孩子時，他就叫他父親史蒂夫。②ShethoughtIwas

referring

toherdaughterwhenweweretalking.當我們談話時她以為我指的是她的女兒。3．comeacross(偶然)遇見；碰見(課文原句)BychanceIcameacrossanarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhi，aspecialistinwomen'sdiseases.很偶然地，我看到了一篇關于林巧稚大夫的文章，她是一名婦科專家?！練w納拓展】comeout出現；開花；被出版cometo總計，總共；達到comeup被提出comeupwith提出comeabout發(fā)生①IcameacrossawordI'dneverseenbefore.我碰到一個從來沒見過的單詞。②LookatthesephotosthatIcameacross.看看我偶然發(fā)現的這些照片。③Itcame

outthathehadbeentellinglies.后來才知道他一直在說謊。④Howdidthesedifferencescome

about?這些區(qū)別是怎樣產生的呢？⑤Havetheycome

toanyagreement？他們達成協(xié)議了嗎？溫馨提醒

表示“意外、偶然遇到”的短語還有：runinto；happentomeet；meet...bychance/accident；meetwith。4．carryon繼續(xù)；堅持(課文原句)WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?為什么不像林巧稚那樣去讀醫(yī)學院，繼續(xù)她的事業(yè)呢？【歸納拓展】carryonaconversation/afight/abusiness/thework繼續(xù)對話/開展斗爭/經營生意/繼續(xù)工作carryout完成；實行；執(zhí)行carrythrough幫……渡過(難關等)①Carryonwithyourwork.繼續(xù)干你的工作吧。②Hisstrongdeterminationcarried

him

throughhisillness.他堅強的意志使他渡過了生病的難關。③Thepolicyhasnotbeencarried

outcompletely.這項政策并未徹底執(zhí)行。溫馨提醒

carryon既可以直接接賓語，也可以先接介詞with，然后接賓語。Ⅰ.單項填空1．Wouldyouplease________thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakes?A．lookaround B．lookintoC．lookup D．lookthrough【解析】

句意：你可不可以替我瀏覽一下這篇論文，看一看是否有明顯的錯誤？此句要用lookthrough表示“瀏覽”。lookaround“朝四周看”；lookinto“窺視；調查”；lookup“查詢”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

D2．—HowdidyoulikeNick'sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest，hissingingdidn't________tomemuch.A．appeal B．belongC．refer D．occur【解析】

考查動詞辨析。句意：——你覺得Nick昨天晚上表演得怎么樣？——說實話，他的演唱對我沒有多大吸引力。appealtosb.意為“對某人有吸引力”；belongto意為“屬于”；referto意為“提到；涉及”；occurto意為“突然想到；發(fā)生”。【答案】

A3．—Whatmakesthelittlegirlsofrightened?—Oh，itisthemousethatshe________onherbedwhilelookingforhertoy.Acameabout B．cameacrossC．camethrough D．cameup【解析】

comeacross“發(fā)現，(偶然)遇見”。comeabout“發(fā)生”；comethrough“經過，到達”；comeup“上升”。根據題意可知B項正確?！敬鸢浮?/p>

BⅡ.用carry短語完成句子4．Theydecidedto________________inspiteoftheweather.【答案】

carryon5．Extensivetestshave________________________onthepatient.【答案】

beencarriedout6．Itisadifficultjobbutshe'sthepersontocarryit________.【答案】

through7．Don'tblameme.I'monly________________myorders.【答案】

carryingout1．Only

after

her

mother

came

to

help

her

for

the

first

few

monthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.她母親頭幾個月來幫過她的忙，這才使得她可以開始自己的計劃。此句是only引導的一個部分倒裝句。當only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句，且放在句首時，主句必須用部分倒裝結構。①OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofcommunication.只有到那時我才意識到交流的重要性。②OnlyinthiswaycanweimproveourEnglish.只有以這種方法，我們才能提高英語水平。溫馨提醒

1)only在句首修飾狀語從句時，主句要用倒裝語序，從句不能倒裝語序。2)only在句首修飾句中的主語時，不用倒裝語序。③Onlyhecananswerthequestion.只有他能回答這個問題。(2011·全國課標高考)Onlywhenhereachedthetea-house________itwasthesameplacehe'dbeeninlastyear.A．herealized B．hedidrealizeC．realizedhe D．didherealize【解析】

考查倒裝。句意：只有當他到了茶館時，他才意識到這是他去年來過的地方。根據結構：only＋狀語位于句首，后面主句需要部分倒裝，所以選擇didherealize。【答案】

D2．Suddenlyit

hit

me

howdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.突然我想起，在那個年代，一個女子去學醫(yī)是多么困難?。【渲衖thitsb.＋主語從句……是一種常用句型，表示“某人突然想起……”；該句型中的it是形式主語。Itsuddenlyhittheparentsthattheirdaughterhadn'tgotanumbrellawithher.父母突然想到女兒沒有隨身帶一把傘。【歸納拓展】Itoccurs(tosb.)that...＝Itoccurstodosth.想起，想到……Itstrikessb.that...(念頭)突然浮現于(某人)心中。①Itneveroccurredtohimthatshewouldfail.他從沒有想到她會失敗。②Didn'titoccur

to

you

to

askhim?你沒有想到問他嗎？③It

struck

him

thathehadmissedhisway.他突然想起自己走錯了路。(2011·天津高考，閱讀B)It

always

struck

me

thatwhenyou'relookingatabigchallengefromtheoutsideitlookshuge，butwhenyou'reinthemidstofit，itjustseemsnormal.Ⅰ.單項填空1．________amobilephonecanyouring________youwanttotalkwithanywhere.A．Using；whoever B．Onlyon；whomeverC．Onlyby；whatever D．With；anyone【解析】

考查only＋狀語置于句首時，主句要部分倒裝。由主句canyou...倒裝，可排除A、D兩項。用手機應用onamobilephone或bymobilephone，故排除C?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B2．Itnever________methathemightbeintrouble.A．happenedto B．adjustedtoC．belongedto D．occurredto【解析】

句意：我從未想到他會有困難。Itoccurred/occurstosb.＋從句某