英語個性化教學輔導教案I,定語從句的引導詞學生年級上課地點第次授課授課時間星期學科老師教學規(guī)劃師教學課題定語從句教學內容㈠關系代詞⑴關系代詞種類引導詞先行詞從句中的成分that人、物主，賓，表which物主，賓，表who人主，賓whom人賓whose人、物定as物主，賓，表(l)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.(3)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主語)(4)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做賓語)(5)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做賓語)(6)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(在句子中做定語)(7)1livedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.(在句子中做定語)⑵易混關系詞的辨析which/that/who⑴只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況①領先行詞是everything,anything,nothing,all,none,some,few,little等不定代詞時，或者先行詞被all,any,no,little,few,much修飾時,只能用關系代詞that引導定語從句。Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.②當主句中的主語是疑問詞who或which時，為防止重復，后面的定語從句要that來引導。Whichisthebookthatyouwanttobuy?Whoisthepersonthatyouwanttomeet?③領先行詞被序數(shù)詞或者形容詞最高級修飾時或者先行詞為序數(shù)詞或基數(shù)詞時，關系代詞只用that.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtlastyear.④先行詞有theonly,thevery,thesame修飾時，只用thatoThisisthesamepenthatlostyesterday.Thisisthesamepenaslostyesterday.⑤在therebe句型中，只用that,不用whichIsthereabookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary?⑥先行詞既有人，又有物時。Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.⑦先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時.Isthisthepenthatyouwant?⑵不用that的情況①在引導非限定性定語從句時。(錯)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.②介詞后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.③先行詞為that/who時只用whichWhat'sthatwhichisunderthetree?which/asas和which的相同點⑴as和which都可引導非限制性定語從句，放在主句之后，在非限制性定語從句中充當從句的主語、賓語或表語。Tomhasfoundagoodjob,as/whichweallhope.湯姆找到了一件好工作，這正是我們大家所希望的。(2)as和which都可代表整個句子的內容或主句中的某一成分。Hismotherisill,whichmakeshimverysad.他母親病了，這件事情使他很難過。Hehasmadegreatprogress,as/whichmakesusveryhappy.他進步了，這使得我們很高興。as與which的區(qū)別(1)領先行詞前面有so+adj.+a/an,such+(a/an)+adj.,thesame等詞修飾時，引導詞只能用as,而不用whichoSheissoniceagirlaswealllike.她是個我們大家都喜歡的如此好的女孩。Itissuchaninterestingbookasweallwanttoread.它是本我們大家都想讀的有趣的書。⑵as在從句中常作賓語；作主語時，從句的謂語動詞常為系動詞，即：系表結構或被動結構。Asissaidabove,hehasconqueredthedifficulty.正如上面所說，他征服了困難。(3)當非限制性定語從句放到主句的前面口寸，引導詞只用as,而不用which。Asisplanned,wegottherebeforeeight.正如計劃,我們在八點前到達了那兒。(4)as引導的非限制性定語從句指表示積極的意義，與主句是順理成章的關系，絕不能與之矛盾。假設非限制性定語從句表示一種消極的意義，那么只用whichoHehassucceededinhiscareer,as/whichweallhope.他在事業(yè)中成功了，這正是我們大家所希望的。Hergrandmadiedlastweek,whichmadeherverysad.她的奶奶逝世了，這使得她很悲傷。(5)當關系代詞代替主句中的賓語從句或復合結構(如：賓+補；不定式短語；動詞-ing形式短語等)時，一般只能用which,而不用asoShetoldusthattherewassomethingwrongwithherbike,whichwastrueo她告訴我們說她的單車出了毛病，這話是真的。HeaskedhertohelphimwithhisEnglish,whichshedid.他請她教他學英語，她確實幫了。(6)關系代詞僅代表主句中的謂語局部時，從句中謂語局部被省略而只保存情態(tài)動詞的否認式或助動詞否認式，引導詞一般只用which,而不用as。如：HespeaksEnglishveryfluently,whichIcant他的英語說得非常流利，這我可不行。(7)關系代詞作定語修飾后面的名詞時，一般只用which,而不用asoHesuggestedgoingswimmingintheriver,whichideaweagreedwith.他提議去河里游泳，我們就同意了他的想法。(8)當關系代詞僅代表主句中單個詞時、一般只用which,而不用as。Hesentmeabeautifulpresent,whichIvaluedverymuch.他給寄來了一件精美的禮物，我對它非常珍視。⑼as常用于一些固定結構中。如：asissaidabove正如上面所說;asisreported如報道所說；asisexpectedasissaidabove正如上面所說;asisreported如報道所說；asisexpected正如所料ashasbeenpointed如所指出的那樣；whosewhose引導定語從句時，先行詞既可以是人也可以是物；Doyouknowthegirlwhosehusbandisateacher?Thisisabookwhosecoverisgreen.ofwhich可以代替whose,其結構為the+名詞+ofwhich/ofwhich+the+名詞;如果先行詞為人時，可以用the+名詞+ofwhom來代替。Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.Helivesintheroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.Heliveintheroomofwhichthewindowfacessouth.Heisascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.=Heisascientistthenameofwhomisknownalloverthecity.㈡關系副詞引導定語從句關系副詞關系副詞：在從句中作狀語關系副詞=介詞+關系代詞why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介詞同先行詞搭配)where指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語用來表示地點的定語從句；先行詞除了可以表示具體地點的名詞(如place,home,school,village等)外，還可以是表示抽象的地點名詞(如point,situation,case,stage,activity).ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Hehasgotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.when引導定語從句表示時間。在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.【注意】先行詞situation,condition,stage,point,case引導詞用where;occasion用whenwhy指原因在定語從句中做原因狀語Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意：關系副詞引導的從句可以由“介詞+關系代詞”引導的從句替換Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.【注意】①介詞后面的關系代詞不能省略。②that前不能有介詞o③某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關系詞”結構可以同關系副詞when,where和why互換。ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate.II.定語從句中省略⑴在限制性定語從句，做賓語用的關系代詞(who,that,whom)可省略，但非限制性定語從句中的做賓語的關系代詞不能省略。Thegirl(whom/who/that)theteachersp